Warm Up

Warm Up Describe the cartoon.

Why is the man in chains?

What are all the tags?

How does this relate to imperialism?

Imperialism in China

Silk Route

Present Day Trade Balance with China

A. Imperialism in China Chinese had firm traditions stable & secure

looked down at outsiders strong agricultural economy foreign traders brought new products – (food) –

led to population boom in 1700s Strong mining and manufacturing

Many natural resources – salt, tin, silver, iron ore

Produced silks, cottons, porcelain

3. Tea/Opium Connection China was self sufficient did not need to trade

WITH West but did want to trade TO West British wanted to find a product Chinese would

want

OPIUM!

used as pain reliever in Chinese medicinehighly addictive

over 12 million were hooked by 1830

Imperialism in China

History of Drugs in China Opium in China

“By what right do they (British Merchants) …use the poisonous drug (opium) to injure the Chinese people?...I have heard that the smoking of Opium is strictly forbidden by your country…Since it is not permitted to do harm to your own country, then even less should you let it be passed on to the harm of other countries.”

Lin Zexu, quoted in China’s Response to the West

Imperialism in China

Opium Wars Opium Wars

Imperialism in China Opium War

The British refused to stop trading OPIUM

China begins naval battle with British to stop sale of Opium

China easily DEFEATED Effects

HONG KONG given to G.B.

extraterritorial rights given to GB – exempt from laws at ports

Imperialism in China C. Issues in China

POPULATION had grown dramatically Food supply lacking Government CORRUPTION Opium use INCREASING

WHAT’S A NATION TO DO?

Overthrow the government, of course!

TAIPING REBELLION &BOXER REBELLION

Self Strengthening Movement Effects of Instability in

China Foreigners import resources

for MILITARY China loses trade balance Increasing WESTERN

INFLUENCE Foreigners attack

Other countries capitalize on China’s weaknesses

Resulting treaties lead to “FOOTHOLDS”—spheres of influence

Self Strengthening Movement

Self Strengthening Movement Phase 1 – Military Phase 2 – Economy Phase 3 –

Government

Quick reviewWhat is IS Why it is IMPORTANT

Opium War

Taiping Rebellion

Self-Strengthening Movement

Open Door Policy

Boxer Rebellion

Warm-up “The United States will eventually have to

overhaul its archaic, sclerotic education system. At present, poorly prepared high school students flood the job market and universities, creating a logjam … and the universities are burdened by having to create new layers of remedial courses to compensate for the poor high school education system” – Michio Kaku

Imperialism in Japan

Japan modernizes 1600s - Japan begins

isolation from other nations

Shoguns protect and control peasants

Time of peace and prosperity

Traded w/ Chinese and Dutch

Japan Changes Direction During the

Meiji Era: 1868 - 1912

Commodore Matthew Perry

1853 – Commodore Matthew Perry

“Opens Up” Japan to Western Trade!

What Did the U. S. Want??

Coaling stations.

More trading partners.

A haven for ship-wrecked sailors.

Perry’s “Black Ships”

Treaty of Kanagawa: 1854

Commodore Matthew Perry steams into Tokyo and demands relations

Japan opens 2 ports for US ships to take on supplies

US sets up embassy

The Treaty of Kanagawa - 1854

Japan Learns a Lesson!In 1862, just before the start of the Meiji period, Tokugawa sent officials and scholars to China to study the situation there. A Japanese recorded in his diary from Shanghai…

The Chinese have become servants to the foreigners. Sovereignty may belong to China but in fact it's no more than a colony of Great Britain and France.

China’s “Unequal Treaties”

After the Opium War of 1839-1842, Japan was convinced that it had to Open Up to the West.

The Shi-shi (“Men of High Purpose”) Highly idealistic samurai who felt that the

arrival of Westerners was an attack on the traditional values of Japan. They believed that:

Japan was sacred ground. The emperor, now a figurehead in Kyoto, was a God.

Were furious at the Shogun for signing treaties with the West without the Emperor’s consent. Their slogan Revere the Emperor, Expel the Barbarians!

The Meiji Revolt - 1868 A powerful group of samurai overthrow the Shogun. Sakamoto Ryoma, the hero. He helped Japan emerge from feudalism into a unified modern state.

The Shogunate Is Overthrown! The last

Shogun. Tokugawa Yoshinobu.

The Emperor Is “Restored” to Power

MEIJI “Enlightened Rule”

Meiji Era Begins: 1867-1912 “Enlightened Rule”

under Emperor Mutsuhito

Mutsuhito believes Japan must adopt western ways to keep westerners out

Massive modernization

Emperor Mutsuhito

Newspaper Cartoon, 1870s?

Enlightened Half-Enlightened Un-Enlightened

Modernization by

“Selective Borrowing”

Popular board game. Start by leaving Japan & studying in various Western capitals. End by returning to Japan and becoming a prominent government official.

EuropeanGoods

Europe began to “loom large” in the thinking of many Japanese. New slogan: Japanese Spirit; Western Technology!

The Japanese Became Obsessed

with Western Styles

Civilization and Enlightenment!

Everything Western Was Fashionable!

Everything Western Was Fashionable!

Japanese soldiers with their wives.

The Rulers Set the Tone with Western Dress

Emperor Meiji Empress Haruko (1868- 1912)

Changing Women’sFashions

1900 Styles The First“Miss Japan”

(1908)

MeijiRefor

ms

Abolitionof the

feudal system

LandRedistribution

Human Rights & Religious

Freedom

Build aModern Navy

(British)

Westernizethe School

System(Fr. & Ger.)

Modernize the Army(Prussian)

EmperorWorship

Intensified

WrittenConstitution(Germans)

ModernBankingSystem

A Constitutional GovernmentCopied from the Germans

Satsuma & Choshu Families

The Emperorof Japan

The Diet(Legislative Body)

House ofRepresentatives

House of Peers

1889 Constitutionof Japan

Expansionism& the Rise of Military Power

New players on the block?

Sino-Japanese war: 1894 Japan attacked Chinese troops in Korea Japanese destroyed Chinese navy Drove China out of Korea

Sino-Japanese War: 1894-1895

The Meiji Emperor was in Hiroshima during the Sino-Japanese War

Soldiers on the BattlefieldDuring the Sino-Japanese War

The Treaty of Shimonoseki ended the war.

Russo-Japanese war: 1904

James Bradley, Flyboys

The Russo-Japanese War:1904-1905

The Battle of Tsushima:The results startled the world!

Japan Is a Player in China

Russo-Japanese war: 1904 Japan launches

surprise attack on Russians off the coast of Manchuria

Russians refuse to stay out of Korea

Japan annexes Korea: 1910 1907: Korean king gives up control 1909: Korean Imperial Army disbanded Japan annexed Korea; keeps it until end of WWII

Japan Annexes Korea

President Teddy Roosevelt Mediates the Peace

The Treaty of Portsmouth, NH ended the Russo-Japanese War.

Long-term outcomes of Japanese Imperialism

Japan develops large Pacific empire, major competitor to the West

Japan becomes most industrialized country in Asia

Japan interested in China and will make several attempts to take it

In reflection, what did Japan do right and China do wrong when trying to

modernize?

Competition from Another “Pacific” Power Is on the

Horizon

The U. S. “Great White Fleet”

But, Japanese Power Would Grow . . .

QUICK REVIEWWhat it IS Why it is IMPORTANT

Treaty of Kanagawa

Meiji Era

Sino-Japanese War

Russo-Japanese War

Annexation of Korea

Assignment How do the characters in the movie, The

Jungle Book, reflect the actions and intentions of British imperialism in India in the 1800s? Pay attention to the messages given by each

character and how they each may symbolize elements of imperialism.

Select THREE characters you feel most comfortable supporting and present your analysis in an essay. Be sure to provide specific examples from the film to support your analysis.

Rudyard Kipling