Warm-Up 5.1 Essential Question: Champion of the Common Man? King Andrew? OR.

Warm-Up 5.1

Essential Essential Question:Question:Essential Essential Question:Question:

Champion of Champion of the the

“Common “Common Man”?Man”?

““King”King”Andrew?Andrew?OROR

Voting Voting Requirements Requirements in the Early 19cin the Early 19c

Voting Voting Requirements Requirements in the Early 19cin the Early 19c

Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860Voter Turnout: 1820 - 1860

Why Increased Why Increased Democratization?Democratization?

Why Increased Why Increased Democratization?Democratization?

• White male suffrage increasedWhite male suffrage increased

• Party nominating committees.Party nominating committees.

• Voters chose their state’s slate of Voters chose their state’s slate of Presidential electors.Presidential electors.

• Spoils system.Spoils system.

• Rise of Third Parties.Rise of Third Parties.

• Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, Popular campaigning (parades, rallies, floats, etc.)etc.)

• Two-party system returned in the 1832 Two-party system returned in the 1832 election:election:

•Dem-Reps Dem-Reps Natl. Reps.(1828) Natl. Reps.(1828) Whigs Whigs (1832) (1832) Republicans (1854) Republicans (1854)

•Democrats (1828)Democrats (1828)

Jackson’s First Jackson’s First Hermitage Hermitage ResidenceResidence

Jackson’s First Jackson’s First Hermitage Hermitage ResidenceResidence

First Known First Known Painting Painting

of Jackson, 1815of Jackson, 1815

First Known First Known Painting Painting

of Jackson, 1815of Jackson, 1815

General Jackson General Jackson During the During the

Seminole WarsSeminole Wars

General Jackson General Jackson During the During the

Seminole WarsSeminole Wars

The “Common Man’s”The “Common Man’s”Presidential CandidatePresidential CandidateThe “Common Man’s”The “Common Man’s”Presidential CandidatePresidential Candidate

Jackson’s Opponents Jackson’s Opponents in 1824in 1824

Jackson’s Opponents Jackson’s Opponents in 1824in 1824

Henry ClayHenry Clay[KY][KY]

John Quincy John Quincy AdamsAdams[MA][MA]

John C. John C. CalhounCalhoun

[SC][SC]

William H. CrawfordWilliam H. Crawford[GA][GA]

Results of the 1824 Results of the 1824 ElectionElection

Results of the 1824 Results of the 1824 ElectionElection

AA “ “Corrupt Corrupt BargainBargain??

””

AA “ “Corrupt Corrupt BargainBargain??

””

Rachel JacksonRachel JacksonRachel JacksonRachel Jackson

Final Divorce DecreeFinal Divorce Decree

Jackson in Mourning for His Jackson in Mourning for His WifeWife

Jackson in Mourning for His Jackson in Mourning for His WifeWife

1828 Election 1828 Election ResultsResults

1828 Election 1828 Election ResultsResults

The Center of Population in The Center of Population in thethe

Country Moves WESTCountry Moves WEST

The Center of Population in The Center of Population in thethe

Country Moves WESTCountry Moves WEST

The New The New “Jackson “Jackson Coalition”Coalition”

The New The New “Jackson “Jackson Coalition”Coalition”

• The Planter Elite in the The Planter Elite in the SouthSouth

• People on the FrontierPeople on the Frontier

• State Politicians – State Politicians – spoils spoils systemsystem

• Immigrants in the cities.Immigrants in the cities.

Jackson’s Faith Jackson’s Faith in the in the “Common “Common

Man”Man”

Jackson’s Faith Jackson’s Faith in the in the “Common “Common

Man”Man”• Intense distrust of EasternIntense distrust of Eastern“establishment,” “establishment,” monopolies, & special monopolies, & special privilege.privilege.

• His heart & soul was with His heart & soul was with thethe“plain folk.”“plain folk.”

• Belief that the common man Belief that the common man was capable of uncommon was capable of uncommon achievements.achievements.

The Reign of “King Mob”The Reign of “King Mob”The Reign of “King Mob”The Reign of “King Mob”

Andrew Jackson as Andrew Jackson as PresidentPresident

Andrew Jackson as Andrew Jackson as PresidentPresident

The The “Peggy Eaton Affair”“Peggy Eaton Affair”The The “Peggy Eaton Affair”“Peggy Eaton Affair”

The The Webster-Webster-Hayne DebateHayne DebateThe The Webster-Webster-Hayne DebateHayne Debate

Sen. Daniel Sen. Daniel WebsterWebster

[MA][MA]

Sen. Robert Sen. Robert

HayneHayne[SC][SC]

1830183018301830 WebsterWebster::

Liberty and Union, now Liberty and Union, now andand forever, one and forever, one and inseparable.inseparable. JacksonJackson:: Our Federal Union—it must Our Federal Union—it must bebe preserved. preserved.

CalhounCalhoun:: The Union, next to our The Union, next to our liberty,liberty, most dear. most dear.

1832 Tariff 1832 Tariff ConflictConflict

1832 Tariff 1832 Tariff ConflictConflict• 1828 -->1828 --> “Tariff of “Tariff of

Abomination” Abomination”

• 1832 --> new tariff1832 --> new tariff

• South Carolina’s South Carolina’s reactionreaction??

• Jackson’s responseJackson’s response??

• Clay’s “Compromise” Clay’s “Compromise” TariffTariff??

Indian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian Removal• Jackson’s GoalJackson’s Goal??

• 1830 1830 Indian Removal ActIndian Removal Act

• Cherokee Nation v. GACherokee Nation v. GA (1831)(1831) ** “domestic dependent “domestic dependent nation”nation”

• Worcester v. GAWorcester v. GA (1832)(1832)

• Jackson:Jackson: John Marshall has made hisJohn Marshall has made his decision, now let him decision, now let him enforce enforce it! it!

The Cherokee The Cherokee Nation After 1820Nation After 1820

The Cherokee The Cherokee Nation After 1820Nation After 1820

Indian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian RemovalIndian Removal

Trail of Tears Trail of Tears (1838-1839)(1838-1839)Trail of Tears Trail of Tears (1838-1839)(1838-1839)

Jackson’s Professed “Love” Jackson’s Professed “Love” forfor

Native AmericansNative Americans

Jackson’s Professed “Love” Jackson’s Professed “Love” forfor

Native AmericansNative Americans

Jackson’s Use of Jackson’s Use of Federal PowerFederal Power

Jackson’s Use of Jackson’s Use of Federal PowerFederal Power

VETOVETO1830 1830 Maysville RoadMaysville Road projectproject in KY [state of his in KY [state of his political rival, Henry political rival, Henry Clay] Clay]

The National Bank The National Bank DebateDebate

The National Bank The National Bank DebateDebate

NicholasNicholasBiddleBiddle

PresidentPresidentJacksonJackson

Opposition to the 2Opposition to the 2ndnd B.U.S.B.U.S.

Opposition to the 2Opposition to the 2ndnd B.U.S.B.U.S.

“Soft”(paper) $

“Soft”(paper) $

“Hard”(specie) $

“Hard”(specie) $

• state bankers state bankers feltfeltit restrained it restrained theirtheirbanks from banks from issuingissuingbank notes bank notes freely.freely.

• supported rapid supported rapid

economic economic growth growth & speculation.& speculation.

• felt that coin was felt that coin was

the only safethe only safecurrency.currency.

• didn’t like any didn’t like any bankbankthat issued bankthat issued banknotes.notes.

• suspicious of suspicious of expansion &expansion &speculation.speculation.

The “Monster” Is The “Monster” Is Destroyed!Destroyed!

The “Monster” Is The “Monster” Is Destroyed!Destroyed!

• ““pet banks”pet banks”??

• 1832 1832 Jackson vetoed Jackson vetoed thethe extension of the 2 extension of the 2ndnd National Bank of National Bank of thethe United States. United States.

• 1836 1836 the charter the charter expired.expired.

• 1841 1841 the bank went the bank went bankrupt! bankrupt!

Warm-Up 5.2: Warm-Up 5.2:

The Downfall of “Mother Bank”The Downfall of “Mother Bank”

Warm-Up 5.2: Warm-Up 5.2:

The Downfall of “Mother Bank”The Downfall of “Mother Bank”

An 1832 An 1832 Cartoon:Cartoon:

““KingKingAndrew”Andrew”??

An 1832 An 1832 Cartoon:Cartoon:

““KingKingAndrew”Andrew”??

1832 Election 1832 Election ResultsResults

1832 Election 1832 Election ResultsResults

MainMainIssueIssue??

The The Specie CircularSpecie Circular (1836)(1836)

The The Specie CircularSpecie Circular (1836)(1836)

• ““wildcat banks.”wildcat banks.”

• buy future federalbuy future federalland only with gold land only with gold ororsilver.silver.

• Jackson’s goalJackson’s goal??

Results of the Specie Results of the Specie CircularCircular

Results of the Specie Results of the Specie CircularCircular

$ Banknotes loose their value.Banknotes loose their value.

$ Land sales plummeted.Land sales plummeted.

$ Credit not available.Credit not available.

$ Businesses began to fail.Businesses began to fail.

$ Unemployment rose.Unemployment rose.

The Panic of 1837!The Panic of 1837!

The 1836 Election The 1836 Election ResultsResultsThe 1836 Election The 1836 Election ResultsResults

Martin Van Martin Van BurenBuren

““Old Old Kinderhook”Kinderhook”

[O. K.][O. K.]

The Panic of 1837 Spreads The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!Quickly!

The Panic of 1837 Spreads The Panic of 1837 Spreads Quickly!Quickly!

Andrew Jackson in Andrew Jackson in RetirementRetirement

Andrew Jackson in Andrew Jackson in RetirementRetirement

Photo of Andrew Jackson in Photo of Andrew Jackson in 18441844

(one year before his death)(one year before his death)

Photo of Andrew Jackson in Photo of Andrew Jackson in 18441844

(one year before his death)(one year before his death)

1767 - 18451767 - 1845