WARM UP 3/14 (7 pts) Look through your notes and write 7 facts!

WARM UP 3/14 (7 pts)

Look through your notes and write 7 facts!

NOTES Ch 123/4

Genetic Technology

GENETIC ENGINEERING

Changing genes (sections of DNA) in organisms

RECOMBINANT DNA

Joining pieces of DNA from 2 different organisms

RESTRICTION ENZYMES – molecules that cut the DNA piece you need

TRANSGENIC – any organism with genes from another organism in its

DNA

• When the spider gene is inserted into a goat, the goat produces a protein that is identical to that found in spider silk. This protein is extracted from the goat's milk to produce silk fibers, called BioSteel, which is used to

make bulletproof vests.

EX: Cotton - worms eat plant

* spray with chemicals (wash away, cost $, pollute ground)

* NOW – add in poisonous gene from bacteria, now cotton has poison in it to kill worms

EX: Insulin

Used to use animal insulin – not as good, and $

**Now – put human insulin gene in bacteria and it produces human insulin

GM Foods

• Broccoflower

Bananas with vaccines• genetically engineered to carry vaccines for hepatitis B.• Just 10 hectares of the fruit would be enough to

vaccinate all children under five years old in Mexico.

• They have already developed potatoes to produce antigens to E coli and the Norwalk virus causes of diahorrea and hope to develop vaccines against

measles, yellow fever, diptheria and polio.

watermelon

CORN – make it disease resistant and grow larger crop

yields

CORN VIDEO

THE SUPERCOW

• This fine specimen, known as the Belgian Blue, has experienced "double muscling" due to a gene that suppresses the production of myostatin, a protein that normally inhibits muscle growth after a certain point of development.

• Meet the Enviropigs. They have cleaner manure and healthier meat, say their developers

• Even though these Atlantic salmon are roughly the same age, the big one was genetically engineered to grow at twice the rate of normal salmon.

VIDEO - salmon

• What allows transgenic salmon to grow in winter?

• What are some possible consequences if transgenic salmon escape from their pens into the ocean population?

• How might transgenic salmon affect the evolution of other salmon populations?

• Do you think the FDA should give Aquabounty permission to grow and sell transgenic salmon? Why or why not?

VIDEO SALMON

• These mice are glowing because scientists inserted a gene found in certain bioluminescent jellyfish into their DNA. That gene is a recipe for a protein that glows green when hit by blue or ultraviolet light. The protein is present throughout their bodies. As a result, their skin, eyes and organs give off an eerie light.

PROS

• Better taste, quality

• Lasts longer, storage

• Produce more, feed more

• Disease resistant

• Less pollution

CONS

• Health safety (allergies, what does)

• Ethics (should we be doing this?)

• Big companies own foods

• Disease wipe out all of a food

• Poor countries depend on rich

CLONING

• Making an exact copy of an organism from its DNA

+ can make org. without reproduction

+ can make org faster+ can make something that

was dead/extinct

- Ethical- DNA problems/ mutation

HUMAN GENOME

• Project finished in 2002

• Mapped out all of the human base codes.

+ can find disease, etc early

+ can show possibility for disease

- Ethical implications

- DNA discrimination

GENETIC SCREENING

• Detecting problems in the DNA

+ Early detection to help with disease

+ Know before children

- Could be discriminated against

GENE THERAPY

• (1990)• Genetically alter a

cell with genetic defect

+ helps with disease- Not always work- Have to continue to

do

Only changes in organism, not in what they pass on

Cannot change what pass on unless change the gametes

• http://www.cfaitc.org/LessonPlans/pdf/407.pdf

http://www.cfaitc.org/LessonPlans/pdf/408.pdf

http://learn.genetics.utah.edu/features/gmfoods/

http://www.ehponline.org/science-ed/2005/gmfood.pdf

http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/harvest/coming/coming.html

• http://www.genome.gov/25520211

http://www.genome.gov/19519278

http://www.nclark.net/Genetics