Warm-Up 11/26/12

Warm-Up 11/26/12• Teach the Teacher: Best part of Thanksgiving break? What did you miss the most about school (besides me?)

• Review: List as many flash card words as possible.

Warm-up 11/27/12• Teach the Teacher: What is the best online store to get stuff from?

• Review: What is the atomic mass?

Warm-up 11/28/12• Teach the Teacher: What is the best thing to do at the civic center?

• Review: Which way do groups go? What about periods?

Models

Scientific Models

Warm-up 11/29/12• Teach the Teacher: Of all of my stuffed germs, which one is the coolest?

• Review: What makes bubbles?

Grade Sheet • A B C• 24. Puns/Table- ---------------------10• 25.Pillowcase Vocab----------------10• 26. Grade Sheet- -------------------10• 27. 1-5 Element Quiz----------------10• 28. Ions Practice----------------------10• 29. Element 1-15 Quiz---------------10• 30. PT test-----------------------------33• 31. PT basics cards-------------------20• 32. Density Lab-----------------------10• 33. Carbon Brainstorm---------------10

Warm-up 11/30/12• Teach the Teacher: What is the best

“touristy” place to go in the Black Hills area? (ex: Wall Drug, Mount Rushmore, Bear Country, Putz and Glow, CrazyHorse, the Maze, etc.)

• Review: What is Bernoulli’s Principle all about (think fast and slow)

Example Data Table from Matter Impossible Lab

Exact Mass of Baking Soda

Exact Volume of and Vinegar

Mass before mixing

Mass after mixing

Change in Mass (|before-after|)

2.5g 3.4 mL

157.6g

157.6g

0

Conservation of Mass• Law of Conservation of Mass—mass cannot be created or destroyed, it just changes form.

• The mass of reactants is always equal to the mass of products.• Ex. 0.7g O2 + 9.3g Hg 10.0g HgO2

• Reactants=the substances in a reaction (before the reaction)• Matter Impossible lab: vinegar & baking soda

• Products= substances that are produced/formed• Matter Impossible Lab: CO2 , water, and

sodium acetate

Matter/Mission Possible Question • 1. How does the Law of Conservation of Matter apply to vinegar and baking soda reaction?

• 2. What happened to the matter in wood after it was burned (a chemical reaction)?

•

Mapping the Periodic TableMetals

• Most elements are metals. • 88 elements found to the

LEFT of the Zigzag Line•

Physical Properties Of Metals • Luster (shininess)

• Good conductors of heat and electricity • High density (heavy for their size) • High melting point • Ductile (drawn out into thin wires) • Malleable (hammered into thin sheets)

Chemical Properties of Metals • Easily lose electrons (positive ions CATIONS)• Corrode easily

•React easily with other elements

Metals• First metal used

was gold – 6000 years ago

• Followed by Cu Ag Sn Fe

• Al was not refined until 1800’s

• Hg mercury is the only metal that is a liquid at room temp

ALKALI METALS – GROUP 1, 1A & IA • Soft metals – they can be cut

with a knife• Most reactive of all the metals -

React rapidly with oxygen and water

• Do not occur in nature in their elemental form

• Stored under oil • Will form a +1 ion by giving

away their one valence electron

Warm-up 12/3/12• Teacher the Teacher: Describe the best school dance you ever went to.

• Review: Give an example of a physical change.

Warm-up 12/5/12• Teach the Teacher: What is the best kind of appetizers to order at a restaurant.

• Review: Where are protons and neutrons located in the atom?

ALKALI METALS – GROUP 1, 1A & IA• Lithium Li Sodium Na Potassium K

• Rubidium Rb Cesium Cs Francium Fr

Extremely RareRadioactive

Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2 2A & IIA• Do not occur in

nature in their elemental form

• Will form a +2 ion by giving away their two valence electrons

• Uses•Fireworks•Ca – Bones & Teeth

•Ba - X-Rays

Alkaline Earth Metals Group 2 2A & IIA• Beryllium Be Magnesium Mg Calcium

Ca

• Barium Ba

Strontium Sr Radium Ra

Transition Elements Group 3-12

• These elements are most familiar to the public because they are found in nature in their elemental form

• Often form colored compounds • Chromium precious gems (emeralds and rubies)• Cadmium yellow • Cobalt blue

Iron Cobalt and Nickel Group 8 9 & 10

•Iron Triad•Steel•Fe

• most widely used metal• 2nd most abundant in the earth’s crust

Flash Card • On the front write:

•Luster

• On the back write:

• Shineness

Flash Card • On the front write:

•Malleable

• On the back write:

• Ability to be hammered and re-shaped

Coinage Metals • Copper Silver and Gold Group 11

• Coinage metals• Cu - wiring• Ag – photographs

Group 12 • Zinc Cadmium and Mercury

•Coat or Plate metals •Batteries•Thermometers

INNER Transition Metals• Lanthanides

• Elements 58 – 71• Elements used in motion pictures industry

• Produce colors you see on the TV

• Actinides• Elements 90 – 103• All actinides are radioactive and unstable

• Thorium and Uranium are found in the earth’s crust

• Uranium – nuclear reactors

NONMETALS• Found to the RIGHT of the zigzag

line• Hydrogen is considered a nonmetal

• Group 18 – Noble Gasses are the only group that consists of all nonmetals

• Group 17 - Halogens• Properties

• Nonmetals gain electrons to become stable – anions

• Most are gasses at room temp• Not malleable• Not ductile• Poor conductors of heat and

electricity• No Luster – Dull

• Important nonmetals in Humans• Carbon Hydrogen Nitrogen & Oxygen

Metalloids & Synthetic Elements

• Metalloids conduct electricity better than nonmetals, but not as well as metals.

• Synthetic elements do not occur naturally (they are man-made)

• All elements with an atomic number higher than uranium (92) were made by scientists and most are radioactive.

Representative Elements in: Number of Valence ElectronsGroup IA all elements have 1 valence electronGroup IIA all elements have 2 valence electronsGroup IIIA all elements have 3 valence electronsGroup IVA all elements have 4 valence electronsGroup VA all elements have 5 valence electronsGroup VIA all elements have 6 valence electronsGroup VIIA all elements have 7 valence electronsGroup VIIIA all elements have 8 valence electrons

The Lewis electron-dot diagrams focus on the electrons in the highest energy level in the atom, the valence electrons.

Valence electrons are the electrons that participate in chemical reactions.

Lewis Dot Diagrams

Lewis Dot Diagrams of Selected Elements

• Lewis Dot uses the symbol of the element and dots to illustrate the number of electrons in the outermost energy level

• Dots are placed in 8 positions around the symbol• 2 spots for each Right Left Top & Bottom

• Elements of the same group (column) have the same number of valence electrons

Flash Card • On the front write:

• Metalloids

• On the Back write:

• have properties of both metals and non-metals

Warm-up 12/5/12• Teach the Teacher: What makes you

nervous in life? How do you overcome it?

• Review: How do you find the number of protons?

And the winners are….• Period I: Jojo B. • Period 3: Haley G.• Period 4: Maddie, Veronica, Paetyn, Austin S. • Period 5: Alexandria C.• Period 7: Misty, Hailin(Catilin) Zhang, and Jose• Period 8: Beau

• Morning Core Winner: Isabelle and Hailey O. • Afternoon Core Winner: Taylor Campbele

Warm-up 12/6/12• Teach the Teacher: What advice

would you give this year’s 8th graders for being a freshman next year.

• Review: What is the ionic charge of carbon?

Mapping the PT • Outline with a different colored marker

for each one: Alkali metals-group 1Alkali earth metals-group 2Transition metals – group 3-12 Coinage Group – group 11Noble Gases- group 18Lanthanides- Actinides -

The Story of Bending the Rules

• Normal atom=•# Protons= # electrons

•Then it’s a neutral atom

• *Remember that all atoms want to have orbital shells be full • Full shells=

• 1st orbital: 2 electrons• 2nd orbital: 8

electrons

Trying to Get Full • Example: Sodium

(Na) has 11 electrons • (Draw lewis dot diagram here: )

• Wants to get rid of 1 valence electron to be full

• Chlorine has 7 valence electrons• (Draw lewis dot diagram here: )

Not Your Normal Atom • Na now has 10

electrons • So does Ne• But not normal Na atom

• Now Na is Na+

• An ion• Now orbitals are full

and atom is electrically charged• AND ATTRACTIVE to other elements like Cl

• atom or molecule with missing or extra electrons• Ions are charged particles (positive or negative)

• charge = #protons - #electrons • charge given as a trailing superscript • positive ions are cations X+

• negative ions are anions X–

Ions

• Metals= + cations • Non metals= - anions

Flash Card • On the front write:

• Cations

• On the Back write:

• + ions

Flash Card • On the front write:

• Anions

• On the Back write:

• Negative ions (x-)

Mandala- Type: PT Groups/Families • Key terms on back:• Alkali metals• Alkali earth metals• Transition metals• Coinage Group• Noble Gases,• Lanthanides, • Actinides