Warm Up 09.16.13 Please answer the following question: What were the conditions like for slaves on ships coming to America?

Warm Up09.16.13• Please answer the following question:

• What were the conditions like for slaves on ships coming to America?

Agenda09.17.13• Announcements/ Housekeeping

• Unit 1 Exam = Monday (9/23) • Review Sheet today• http://www.wwnorton.com/college/history/give-me-liberty3/

• Intro DBQ 1: Tuesday (9/24)

• Slavery in Colonial America• Complete notes on American Slavery• SLAVE RESISTANCE

• HW: Voices of Freedom (VOF) #21

Questions to Consider• According to Zinn, what is the root for racism in America?

• Why were Africans considered “better” slaves than Indians in Virginia?

• How did 16th century Africa compare to 16th century Europe politically, economically, and militarily?

• How did slavery in Africa differ from slavery in Europe and the Americas?

• What was the position of the Catholic Church in Portugal vis-a-vis slavery?

• In terms of mortality, what was the cost of slavery?

• What was the relationship between slavery and the plantation system?

• What evidence exists that America’s slaves did not accept their fate easily?

• Why did slave owners fear poor whites?

Chapter 4Slavery, Freedom, and the Struggle for Empire to 1763

Slavery and Empire• Atlantic Trade

• Caribbean = main focus for British empire• Aka – The Triangular Trade

• British goods Africa & Colonies Sugar, Tobacco, etc Europe Slaves from Africa New World

• Slavery became connected to race

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd EditionCopyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & CompanyMap 4.1 Atlantic Trading Routes

Slavery and Empire• Africa and the Slave Trade

• Most African Rulers took part • Awful for West Africa’s society and Economy

• The Middle Passage• Quote “a harrowing experience”• Slaves sold in America for 20-30x more than Africa

• Crammed • Height between decks = only 18 inches!• Equiano*• Both crew and slaves suffered high casualties• Only 5% destined for N.A.

• 400,000 – 600,000• By 1770, 1/5 of the 2.3 million in Colonies (Not including Indians)

were Africans and their descendants.

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd EditionCopyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & CompanyAn architect’s plan for a slave ship

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd EditionCopyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & CompanyMap 4.2 The Slave Trade in The Atlantic World, 1460–1770

Slavery and Empire• Freedom and Slavery in the Chesapeake

• Three distinct slave systems in Colonies:• Tobacco based plantation (Chesapeake)• Rice based plantation (SC & Georgia)• Non-plantation (NE and Middle Colonies)

• Tobacco = oldest of three• System of freedom• Race = social division• VA Law*• Free = white

Slavery and Empire• Indian Slavery in Early Carolina

• Creeks• Eventually rebelled, colonists turned elsewhere

• The Rice Kingdom• SC first colony to have black majority!• Africans taught colonists how to grow!• “Task System”

Slavery and Empire• The Georgia Experiment

• James Oglethorpe• “worthy poor”• Did not last (1751)

• Slavery in the North• Small farms• Slavery not central• Worked in shops, docks, and personal servants.• Legal rights

• Banned physical punishment• Bring law suits to court• Marriages recognized

• New York & Phila had significant amount of slaves; however, employers shifted to wage labor in years before the revolution.

Give Me Liberty!: An American history, 3rd EditionCopyright © 2011 W.W. Norton & Company

Table 4.1 Slave population as percentage of total populationof original thirteen colonies, 1770