WAR ON PLAINS AFTER THE CIVIL WAR COACH BROWN’S – OKLAHOMA HISTORY.

WAR O

N PLA

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THE C

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MEDICINE LODGE TREATY

• Was an effort to stop attacks by Plains Indians

• Have them take on a farming lifestyle

• Plains tribes – Kiowa, Comanche, Kiowa-Apache, Cheyenne, and Arapaho

• Meet at Medicine Lodge Kansas – Believed the water of the Medicine River to be healing.

• They agreed to move to Southwestern Oklahoma and live on Reservations

• Treaty also stated that any Native American found living off of the Reservation would be in violation of the treaty.

• This would mean the US government could use any means necessary to force them onto the reservation.

• They also agreed to take on the White man’s lifestyle and not roam the plains.

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MEDICINE LODGE TREATY

• Agreed to attend schools and take on farming practices of the Whiteman.

• This would be the second time in history they were removed from their land.

• They did understand that they were giving up there way of life

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MEDICINE LODGE VIDEO

http://www.youtube.com/watch?feature=player_detailpage&v=k3iQWvq8WX4

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Fact – list 4 Impact of each fact

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FACTS ON VIDEO

FORT SUPPLY

• General Phillip Sheridan

• Was established to Supply the Military and Indian Reservations

• Built during the winter – Tribes were slowed by the weather

• Woodward County

• Today is the site of a prison and the Wolf Creek it was built around is dammed off and is now a lake.

• What is the Lake and prison name?

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THE BATTLE OF WASHITA

• Cheyenne Led by Chief Black Kettle – set up winter camp on the Washita River

• Larger Camps for the Cheyenne, Kiowa, and Apache a few miles down the river

• Arapaho Chief Big Mouth traveled to ask General William Hazen for peace and protection.

• Hazen – He didn’t have the authority to provide protection for tribes of the reservation

• What treaty caused this?

• Cheyenne War Chief Roman Nose ignored the treaty and attacked settlers on Kansas.

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CHIEFS

Chief Black KettleChief Roman Nose

George Armstrong Custer - Facts & Summary - HISTORY.com

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GENERALS

George Custer Phillip Sheridan’s

FACTS ABOUT CUSTER

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BATTLE OF WASHITA

• Custer went in snow storm to attack Black Kettles Camp

• Came up at night

• Custer claimed to have killed 100 men, women, and children

• Cheyenne claimed they lost 30

• Among those killed was Black Kettle and his wife Medicine Women Later

• Troops slaughter cattle and mules of the Indians

• Took 50 prisoners to Camp Supply

• The other plain tribes camped down the river heard the battle and came to help but were cut-off by another military detachment.

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THE BATTLE OF SOLDIER SPRING

• November 17, 1868

• Colonel A.W Evans Led troops from New Mexico

• The headed to base of the Wichita Mountains

• Noconee Comanche were camped near Soldier Creek in a valley

• This had provided them protection for centuries – Normal way of life for them

• Sheridan believed that warriors in that camp had lead raids in Texas

• Outmanned and Outnumbered the camp was over taken by the troops

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HOW T

HE MILI

TARY

FUNCTI

ONED • Destroy teepees• Food and Supplies• They would threw dried

buffalo meat in a pond• That pond became know

as Dried Beef Pond• They killed horses• Took all thing valuable

to the Native American and destroyed it

Battle

of S

oldie

r Sprin

gs

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FORT SILL

• Built in the middle of Comanche territory

• Sheridan thought this would help

• General Benjamin Grierson – Commander of the 10th Cavalry

• Foothills of of the Wichita Mountains

• Was built mainly buy black troops of the 10th Cavalry – Known as Buffalo Soldiers

• Construction began on January 7, 1869

• It consisted of a springhouse, hospital, stone guardhouse, and chapel

• They also cut a road to the Texas border

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FORT SILL THEN AND NOW

NEW INDIAN POLICY - 1969

• President Ulysses S. Grant • Asked “Quakers” to help• Lawrie Tatum was chosen as the

Indian Agent for Fort Sill• Under Indian Policy what were the

rations given to the Native Americans?

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SPRINGHOUSE

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NEW INDIAN POLICY

NEW INDIAN POLICY - 1969

• There were restriction on how soldiers could handle the Native Americans

• This was taken as a sign of weakness

• Kiowa Chief Kicking Bird was looked as a coward. Why was this?

• In order to keep his honor he had to leave camp and for a war party.

• After holding there ground against the Calvary Kicking Bird returned and dedicated his life to making peace with the Whiteman.

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INDIAN AGENCIES

D A R L I N G T O N I N D I A N A G E N C Y

1869 Cheyenne and Apraho Tribes

Brinton Darlingtion

John Seger – Took over when Darlington died – 1872

Seger – Developed a good relationship with the Native Americans.

J O H N S E G E R A N D T H E A R A P A H O B O A R D I N G S C H O O L .

Seger – turned this school into a success after being appointed superintendent of the school.

His succes lead to the development of a colony for Cheyenne and Arapho Indians on his ranch.

The school closed in 1932

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RED RIVER WAR

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Cr5Z_gsS3bc

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FOUR SQUARE

FactImportance

ReasonImpact