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TO THE MASTER: Please circulate this Bulletin to the CREW.

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[email protected]

Volume 3, Issue 23, July 2007

In this issue

pg 6-7

pg14

pg 8

pg 10

pg 12

pg 1, 2-4

cont'd to pg 2

An inconvenient truth

An Inconvenient Truth is an Academy Award-winning documentary film about climate change, specifically global warming, presented by former United States Vice President Al Gore and directed by Davis Guggenheim. A companion book authored by Gore has been on the paperback nonfiction New York Times bestseller list since June 11, 2006, reaching #1 on July 2, 2006.

The film premiered at the 2006 Sundance Film Festival and opened in New York and Los Angeles on May 24, 2006. It is the third-highest-grossing documentary in the United States to date. The film's distributor, Paramount Classics, is donating 5% of the box office receipts and Gore is donating all of his proceeds from the film to The Alliance for Climate Protection (of which Gore is both founder and chairman). The film was released on DVD by Paramount Home Entertainment on November 21, 2006. The film has been generally well received by critics, scientists and politicians, even becoming required classroom material in schools across the world, including Norway and Sweden. On the other hand, skeptics opposing the mainstream scientific assessment of global warming have attacked the film as "hype" criticizing the science as "exaggerated and erroneous."

Synopsis“ You look at that river gently flowing by. You notice the leaves rustling with the wind. You hear the birds; you hear the tree frogs. In the distance you hear a cow. You feel the grass. The mud gives a little bit on the river bank. It's quiet; it's peaceful. And all of a sudden, it's a gear shift inside you. And it's like taking a deep breath and going, "Oh yeah, I forgot about this."” Al Gore in the opening monologue

of An Inconvenient Truth).

An Inconvenient Truth chronicles the plight of Al Gore, his life and his efforts to educate the public about the severity of the climate crisis. Looking back at his earlier failed efforts, Gore broods, "I've been trying to tell this story for a long time and I feel as I've failed to get the message across." Ostensibly an elaborate exploration of data and predictions regarding climate change and its

( potential for disaster, An Inconvenient Truth,

Reduce your impact at home

Ants

Crisis Management

MARS

The Rules codify this principle and This book is a well organised guide enable us to preserve our basic for anyone who participates in

The Classic Manual (excerpts). One might not be able to identify rights in both large assemblies and meetings, committees, or General Henry M. Robert, but in small meetings; it is structured groups.

For over a century, this manual has almost everyone knows that indispensable to the orderly been a guide for political, Robert's Rules is a standard functioning of a group's decision- To preserve the interests of a community, and civic groups manual outlining the conduct of making process, because it is a rule group, the rights of each individual organisations of all kinds, large meetings. Though originally book that has been universally within the group must, of necessity, and small, permanent and published in 1907 it is, still, a most accepted. be somewhat curtailed. Without temporary. Even groups which useful tool to every It outlines all the commonly limited restraints of this kind, the have their own constitutions or CEO/Chairperson's library. accepted procedures, including probability of maintaining majority bylaws frequently state that The enduring principle underlying introduction of new and old rule is greatly reduced. For this procedures not covered therein the manual's contents is that, business, debate and disposition of reason many of the motions, such shall be governed by Robert's though the minority shall be heard motions, creation and use of as motions to adjourn, are non-Rules. and absentees protected, the committees, and election of debatable.

majority will decide. officers.

Robert's Rules of Order

cont'd to pg 15

Hepatitis B Infection

Organisation and Conduct of Business

An truthinconvenientThe Environment

- pg 3 -

carbon dioxide concentrations higher than at any time during the past 650,000 years.

·Temperature record since 1880 showing that the ten hottest years ever measured in this atmospheric record have all occurred in the last fourteen years.

intersperses Gore's life story, giving a contemplative account ·A 2004 survey by Dr. Naomi Oreskes of 928 peer-reviewed of events that changed his worldview, including his college scientific articles on global climate change published between education with early climate expert Roger Revelle at Harvard 1993 and 2003. The survey, published as an editorial in the University, his sister's death from lung cancer, his young son's journal Science, claimed that every article either supported near-fatal car accident and his loss in the close 2000 the human-caused global warming consensus or did not Presidential Election. comment on it.

Through a Keynote presentation (dubbed "the slide show") that he has presented worldwide, Gore reviews the scientific evidence for global warming, discusses the politics and economics of global warming, and describes the consequences he believes global climate change will produce if the amount of human-generated greenhouse gases is not significantly reduced in the very near future.

The film includes many segments intended to refute critics who say that global warming is insignificant or unproven. For example, Gore discusses the risk of the collapse of a major ice sheet in Greenland or in West Antarctica, either of which could raise global sea levels by approximately 20 feet (6m), flooding coastal areas and producing 100 million refugees. Melt water from Greenland, because of its lower salinity, could halt the Gulf Stream current and quickly trigger dramatic local cooling in Northern Europe.

In an effort to explain the global warming phenomenon, the film examines annual temperature and CO levels for the past 2

600,000 years in Antarctic ice core samples.The documentary ends with Gore noting that if appropriate action is taken soon, the effects of global warming can be successfully reversed by releasing less carbon dioxide and growing more plants or trees. Gore calls upon viewers to learn how they can help in this initiative.

Gore's book of the same title was published concurrently with the theatrical release of the documentary. The book contains additional, detailed information, scientific analysis, and Gore's commentary on the issues presented in the documentary. A 2007 documentary entitled An Update with Former Vice President Al Gore features Gore discussing additional information that came to light after the film was completed, such as Hurricane Katrina.

Main articles: Scientific opinion on climate change and Global warmingGore's claim is that global warming is real and largely human-caused. Gore presents specific data that supports the film's thesis, including:

·The Keeling curve, measuring CO from the Mauna Loa 2

Observatory.

·The retreat of numerous glaciers is shown in before-and-after photographs (see Retreat of glaciers since 1850).

·A study by researchers at the Physics Institute at the University of Bern and the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctic presenting data from Antarctic ice cores showing

Scientific basis

D

D

D

D

D

with a number of environmental topics, reached the New York Times bestseller list.

As Vice President during the Clinton Administration, Gore pushed for the implementation of a carbon tax to modify incentives to reduce fossil fuel consumption

and thereby decrease emission of greenhouse gases; it was partially implemented in 1993. He helped broker the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, an international treaty designed to curb greenhouse gas emissions. However, it was not ratified in the United States due to opposition in the Senate. Gore also

The Associated Press contacted more than 100 top climate supported the funding of a satellite called Triana, to increase researchers and questioned them about the film's veracity. awareness of environmental issues and to take the first direct Because these interviews were done before the film's general measurements of how much sunlight is reflected from the release, most of those surveyed had neither seen the movie nor Earth. During his 2000 Presidential Campaign, Gore ran, in read the book, but all 19 climate scientists who had done so part, on a pledge to ratify the Kyoto Protocol.said that Gore conveyed the science correctly. In contrast, the U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, After his defeat in the 2000 presidential election, Gore returned at the time chaired by Sen. Jim Inhofe, a global warming his focus to the topic. He edited and adapted a slideshow he skeptic, issued a press release criticizing this article. Inhofe's had compiled years earlier, and began featuring the slideshow statement that "global warming is the greatest hoax ever in multimedia presentations on global warming across the U.S. perpetrated on the American people" appears in the film. and around the world. At the time of the film, Gore estimated

he had shown the presentation more than one thousand times.Real Climate, a group blog maintained by eleven climate Producers Laurie David and Lawrence Bender saw Gore's slide scientists, lauded the film's science as "remarkably up to date, show in New York City after the 2004 premiere of The Day After with reference to some of the very latest research." Tomorrow. Inspired, they met with director Davis Guggenheim Michael Shermer, science historian and founder of The Skeptics about the possibility of making the slide show into a movie. Society, wrote in Scientific American that An Inconvenient Truth Guggenheim, who was skeptical at first, later saw the "shocked me out of my doubting stance". presentation for himself, stating that he was "blown away," and

"left after an hour and a half thinking that global warming [was] the most important issue. . . . I had no idea how you'd make a film out of it, but I wanted to try," he said.

Gore first became intrigued by the topic of global warming when he took a course at Harvard University with Professor Roger Revelle, one of the first scientists to measure carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Later, when Gore was in Congress, he initiated the first congressional hearing on the subject, brought in climate scientists and began talking to politicians about the issue. He thought that once legislators heard the compelling evidence, they would be driven to action; ultimately, though, the process was a slow one. Gore's 1992 book, Earth in the Balance, dealing

Origins

Viewpoint by David Attenborough (Extracts - The Guardian, June 2, 2007)

Sir David Attenborough said yesterday that he detected signs of a "moral change" in the public's attitude to global warming. He accepted that some people may find his views "optimistic" or "naive", but he said the historical examples like the change in attitudes to slavery 200 years ago showed that society could undergo rapid and profound moral shifts. "When you started it was perfectly acceptable that you should own slaves and treat human beings in that way; and within a quarter of a century it was intolerable", he said.

The environmentalist and veteran broadcaster said: "I am perfectly persuaded that the issue about global warning is a real one and we are headed for a great worsening of the conditions on this planet for life of all kinds. I have no doubt whatsoever of the cause, which is the by-product of humanity's activities, and therefore we should be curbing them". But it would be very difficult to impose limits on people's actions, such as their freedom to fly. "It is pie in the sky to say that everybody has got to stop doing everything. That's why the emphasis is on the waste" he said.

Sir David was speaking in advance of his 'Joseph Rotblat' memorial lecture at the Guardian Hay festival.

An inconvenient truth

An truth inconvenientcont'd from pg 1

cont'd to pg 4

WAVELENGTH goes GREEN

Effective this issue, WAVELENGTH is being printed on natural, recyclable paper made from wood grown in sustainable forests. We might have lost some of our page gloss but have gained our soul.

- pg 3 -

carbon dioxide concentrations higher than at any time during the past 650,000 years.

·Temperature record since 1880 showing that the ten hottest years ever measured in this atmospheric record have all occurred in the last fourteen years.

intersperses Gore's life story, giving a contemplative account ·A 2004 survey by Dr. Naomi Oreskes of 928 peer-reviewed of events that changed his worldview, including his college scientific articles on global climate change published between education with early climate expert Roger Revelle at Harvard 1993 and 2003. The survey, published as an editorial in the University, his sister's death from lung cancer, his young son's journal Science, claimed that every article either supported near-fatal car accident and his loss in the close 2000 the human-caused global warming consensus or did not Presidential Election. comment on it.

Through a Keynote presentation (dubbed "the slide show") that he has presented worldwide, Gore reviews the scientific evidence for global warming, discusses the politics and economics of global warming, and describes the consequences he believes global climate change will produce if the amount of human-generated greenhouse gases is not significantly reduced in the very near future.

The film includes many segments intended to refute critics who say that global warming is insignificant or unproven. For example, Gore discusses the risk of the collapse of a major ice sheet in Greenland or in West Antarctica, either of which could raise global sea levels by approximately 20 feet (6m), flooding coastal areas and producing 100 million refugees. Melt water from Greenland, because of its lower salinity, could halt the Gulf Stream current and quickly trigger dramatic local cooling in Northern Europe.

In an effort to explain the global warming phenomenon, the film examines annual temperature and CO levels for the past 2

600,000 years in Antarctic ice core samples.The documentary ends with Gore noting that if appropriate action is taken soon, the effects of global warming can be successfully reversed by releasing less carbon dioxide and growing more plants or trees. Gore calls upon viewers to learn how they can help in this initiative.

Gore's book of the same title was published concurrently with the theatrical release of the documentary. The book contains additional, detailed information, scientific analysis, and Gore's commentary on the issues presented in the documentary. A 2007 documentary entitled An Update with Former Vice President Al Gore features Gore discussing additional information that came to light after the film was completed, such as Hurricane Katrina.

Main articles: Scientific opinion on climate change and Global warmingGore's claim is that global warming is real and largely human-caused. Gore presents specific data that supports the film's thesis, including:

·The Keeling curve, measuring CO from the Mauna Loa 2

Observatory.

·The retreat of numerous glaciers is shown in before-and-after photographs (see Retreat of glaciers since 1850).

·A study by researchers at the Physics Institute at the University of Bern and the European Project for Ice Coring in Antarctic presenting data from Antarctic ice cores showing

Scientific basis

D

D

D

D

D

with a number of environmental topics, reached the New York Times bestseller list.

As Vice President during the Clinton Administration, Gore pushed for the implementation of a carbon tax to modify incentives to reduce fossil fuel consumption

and thereby decrease emission of greenhouse gases; it was partially implemented in 1993. He helped broker the 1997 Kyoto Protocol, an international treaty designed to curb greenhouse gas emissions. However, it was not ratified in the United States due to opposition in the Senate. Gore also

The Associated Press contacted more than 100 top climate supported the funding of a satellite called Triana, to increase researchers and questioned them about the film's veracity. awareness of environmental issues and to take the first direct Because these interviews were done before the film's general measurements of how much sunlight is reflected from the release, most of those surveyed had neither seen the movie nor Earth. During his 2000 Presidential Campaign, Gore ran, in read the book, but all 19 climate scientists who had done so part, on a pledge to ratify the Kyoto Protocol.said that Gore conveyed the science correctly. In contrast, the U.S. Senate Committee on Environment and Public Works, After his defeat in the 2000 presidential election, Gore returned at the time chaired by Sen. Jim Inhofe, a global warming his focus to the topic. He edited and adapted a slideshow he skeptic, issued a press release criticizing this article. Inhofe's had compiled years earlier, and began featuring the slideshow statement that "global warming is the greatest hoax ever in multimedia presentations on global warming across the U.S. perpetrated on the American people" appears in the film. and around the world. At the time of the film, Gore estimated

he had shown the presentation more than one thousand times.Real Climate, a group blog maintained by eleven climate Producers Laurie David and Lawrence Bender saw Gore's slide scientists, lauded the film's science as "remarkably up to date, show in New York City after the 2004 premiere of The Day After with reference to some of the very latest research." Tomorrow. Inspired, they met with director Davis Guggenheim Michael Shermer, science historian and founder of The Skeptics about the possibility of making the slide show into a movie. Society, wrote in Scientific American that An Inconvenient Truth Guggenheim, who was skeptical at first, later saw the "shocked me out of my doubting stance". presentation for himself, stating that he was "blown away," and

"left after an hour and a half thinking that global warming [was] the most important issue. . . . I had no idea how you'd make a film out of it, but I wanted to try," he said.

Gore first became intrigued by the topic of global warming when he took a course at Harvard University with Professor Roger Revelle, one of the first scientists to measure carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Later, when Gore was in Congress, he initiated the first congressional hearing on the subject, brought in climate scientists and began talking to politicians about the issue. He thought that once legislators heard the compelling evidence, they would be driven to action; ultimately, though, the process was a slow one. Gore's 1992 book, Earth in the Balance, dealing

Origins

Viewpoint by David Attenborough (Extracts - The Guardian, June 2, 2007)

Sir David Attenborough said yesterday that he detected signs of a "moral change" in the public's attitude to global warming. He accepted that some people may find his views "optimistic" or "naive", but he said the historical examples like the change in attitudes to slavery 200 years ago showed that society could undergo rapid and profound moral shifts. "When you started it was perfectly acceptable that you should own slaves and treat human beings in that way; and within a quarter of a century it was intolerable", he said.

The environmentalist and veteran broadcaster said: "I am perfectly persuaded that the issue about global warning is a real one and we are headed for a great worsening of the conditions on this planet for life of all kinds. I have no doubt whatsoever of the cause, which is the by-product of humanity's activities, and therefore we should be curbing them". But it would be very difficult to impose limits on people's actions, such as their freedom to fly. "It is pie in the sky to say that everybody has got to stop doing everything. That's why the emphasis is on the waste" he said.

Sir David was speaking in advance of his 'Joseph Rotblat' memorial lecture at the Guardian Hay festival.

An inconvenient truth

An truth inconvenientcont'd from pg 1

cont'd to pg 4

WAVELENGTH goes GREEN

Effective this issue, WAVELENGTH is being printed on natural, recyclable paper made from wood grown in sustainable forests. We might have lost some of our page gloss but have gained our soul.

!"People ask the

difference between a

leader and a boss. . . .

The leader works in the

open, and the boss in

covert. The leader leads,

and the boss drives."

!"Management is

efficiency in climbing the

ladder of success;

leadership determines

whether the ladder is

leaning against the right

wall."

!"You manage things; you

lead people."

Quotes on Leadership Process

Latin Quotations:A fonte puro pura defluit aqua

Caeca invidia est Lapsus linguae

Annus mirabilisSemper paratus

Errare humanum estNuda veritas

Primus inter paresSui generis

Tempori parendumManus manum lavat

Ex tempore

From a pure spring pure water flowsEnvy is blindA slip of the tongue A year filled with wonders Always readyTo err is humanThe naked truth First among equalsOne of a kind (of its own kind)One must move with the timesOne hand washes the otherOn the spare of the moment

- pg 5 -

The Great Global Warming SwindleMain article: The Great Global Warming SwindleThe controversial documentary film The Great Global Warming Swindle, broadcast on Channel 4 in the UK on March 8, 2007, brought together skeptical scientists who disagree with the prevailing consensus regarding human-caused global warming.

The film claims that in An Inconvenient Truth, Gore has misrepresented the data, and that the actual relationship between carbon dioxide and the temperature is the other way round (that is, rise in temperature causes an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere). Climatologist Fred Singer argued that the documentary is "devastating" to Gore's movie: "In spite of its flamboyant title, The Great Global Warming Swindle is based on sound science by recording the statements of real climate scientists. An Inconvenient Truth mainly records a politician. However the film's claims have been called into question by various scientists and scientific organisations, including two (Carl Wunsch and Eigil Friis-Christensen) who are interviewed in the programme. A source at Channel 4 described The Great Global Warming Swindle as "essentially a polemic."

A March 13, 2007 article in The New York Times reported on concerns among some scientists about the tone and the accuracy of the film, noting that they "argue that some of Mr. Gore's central points are exaggerated and erroneous". Gore's discussion of a rise in sea level of up to 20 feet is contrasted with a report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which predicts a maximum rise of 23 inches excluding non-linear effects on ice sheets; although that too discusses the possibilities of higher rises if the ice sheets melt. The article also states that "a report last June by the National Academies seemed to contradict Mr. Gore's portrayal of recent temperatures as the highest in the past millennium." The article quotes both defenders and critics of the film; Gore claims that scientists may disagree with him on some details, "but we do agree on the fundamentals."

New York Times article

Antruth

inconvenient

cont'd from pg 3

Oh Tempora! Oh Mores!

>

>

>

>

>

Would a factory owner hire a total The shift to the 'knowledge-society' puts People aren't looking to be on the cover stranger to take charge of a piece of plant the person in the centre. of business magazines anymore”. Most

Many changes have taken place since the worth millions, with potential liabilities of In doing so it raises new challenges, new CEOs are making concerted new efforts times of the seafarer-explorer and the tens of millions? issues, and quite unprecedented to show they are good “corporate incident above. But one shouldn't miss questions about the knowledge-society's citizens” - in part as a response to the point that, essentially, all those sea The key message is that the image of the representative: The Educated Person. pressures from some shareholder voyages were projects that had to be maritime profession ought to be This person (the seafarer in our case) will activists. Companies are opening up the managed. Teams had to be selected, improved and enhanced; and the signs have to be able to appreciate other culture a bit, internally. Are not afraid to equipped and motivated. Goals had to be are that there is light at the end of the cultures and traditions; the philosophers talk about things, and this seems to set and crises had to be overcome. The tunnel. This is not to persuade someone and religions; the arts and literature; happen in all successful institutions. By physical risks may be were greater and to join or work efficiently in a profession science and technology; production and beginning to believe everything one says the rewards may be were less tangible, that is not generally respected. Therefore economics, in a global world. to one's self; and as it seems to morph still it all came down to knowing what the seafarers' recruitment and retainment into a form of arrogance, one has got to one wanted and how one were giving should be jointly focused, by all the peers One must become a “citizen of the world” discuss it.oneself the best chance of getting it. So of the shipping industry, to: in Vision, Horizon and Information. But what makes a good seafarer? one will also have to draw nourishment What are the issues in question? They are Adaptability, ambition, money, stamina, Improve the image and re-establish the from one's local roots and, in turn, enrich social, economical and environmental. self believe, doggedness, curiosity, status of the maritime profession one's own local culture. What do our customers & citizens expect optimism, authority, hardiness… Improve its popularity and develop from us? A socially responsible shipping momentum The Educated Person will thus have to be industry, that is also efficient and It is self evident that the most vital factor, Promote the positive aspects: prepared to understand two cultures: competitive. An industry that has of nowadays, an asset of immeasurable Academic Status that of the “intellectual”, who focuses on integrated seafarering and shoreside value, is the Human Resources employed Secured professional words and ideas, expertise, that promotes matters of on ships and in onshore maritime related development and that of the “manager”, who focuses Research & Development, Science and activities. One could not imagine the Conditions of work on people and work. Technology.existence of the shipping industry without Remuneration (in high levels) Easier said than done.its valuable workforce. We are all well Refresher courses The sea demands our Respect; and if aware that shipping is the most over- Embody knowledge Commitment has to come from the 'Top treated with respect, it will continue to be regulated industry. Today, the master of Management / CEOs'; and indeed we see an enormously powerful resource. Ocean an aframax oil-tanker and his officers and We consider the latter of paramount it coming. “The strategy may not have governance and the role of the oceans is ratings onboard are responsible for an importance. Knowledge is not changed, however, Execution is the new an important factor, for the future of approximate capital in the sum of USD$ impersonal, like money. Knowledge does strategy. The devil is in the details. mankind. The sea routes were the first 100 million plus, plus 25 souls and the not reside in a book, a databank, a vehicles of globalisation; carrying goods, environment. God forbid, if a serious software programme; they contain only Today's CEOs are probably a lot more technologies and values around the accident were to happen. Seafarering is a information. Knowledge is always deeply involved than their predecessors world. The link continues today; in the hard and a high risk job. There are many embodied in a person; carried by a were on those things. For many years world of lighting-fast communications background elements that increase the person; created, augmented, or improved strategy was about determining the future and the Internet technology.vulnerability; we know them, we feel by a person; applied by a person; taught and making big bold moves. Now, it's them and some times we detest them. and passed on by a person; used or hands on, getting your hands dirty and

misused by a person. delivering the results.

8

8

8

8

cont'd to pg 14

Men wanted for hazardous journey. Small wages, bitter cold, long months of complete

darkness, constant journey, and safe return doubtful. Honour and recognition in case of

success.

Small minds have only room for bread and butter

Am going to cross the Pacific on a wooden raft to support a theory that the South Sea Islands were peopled

from Peru. Will you come?

(Advertisement placed by Ernest Shackleton in a London newspaper, August

1914. It is said that 5,000 people responded to it.)

(Roald Amundsen, 1872-1928, on being asked why he

went to the South Pole)

(A message from Thor Heyerdahl to Knut Heggeland,

Torstein Raby and Herik Heselberg inviting them to take part in the Kon-tiki Expedition, 1946-1947. They all said Yes) "Barbados. By this Publick Act or Instrument of Protest, be it made

known and Manifest unto all Men that on the day of the date hereof before me Richard Husbands Esquire Deputy Secretary and Sole Notary Publick of this Island personal by came and appeared Samuel Wise late Master or Commander of the Brigantine Dolphin, Edmond Hopkins Marriner late belonging also the said Vessell who being duly Sworn on the Holy Evangels of Almighty God requested me the said Notary to make or draw a Protest for the Reasons following, (Viz.) For that those Appearers sailed from Maryland on the fist day of November last past, bound for this Island with a Cargo of Corn Tobacco Flour and Lumber, and proceeding on their said voyage on Monday the first day of this Instant December at nine O'clock A. M. was taken by a French Privateer Sloop of ten carriage Guns about eight leagues to westward of this Island who carried the said Brigantine Dolphin into Martinique where the said Vessell and Cargoes was condemned as a Lawfull Prize as by a Certificate of the Condemnation hereto annexed May appear Wherefore I the said Notary at the Instance and Request aforesaid did even as I do by these Presents Publickly and Solemnly Protest as well against the said French Privateer Sloop aforesaid as against the Insurers and Owners of the said Dolphin..." Samuel Wise, Edmond Hopkins,

A Point of View

16 December 1760

A Mariner's Life Today & the

Top Management

!"Charisma becomes the undoing of leaders. It

makes them inflexible, convinced of their own

infallibility, unable to change."

!"A single lie destroys a whole reputation for

integrity."

!"Leadership is a combination of strategy and

character. If you must be without one, be without

the strategy."

!"Example is not the main thing in influencing

others, it is the only thing."

!"The ultimate measure of a man is not where he

stands in moments of comfort, but where he

stands at times of challenge and controversy."

!"I am certainly not one of those who need to be

prodded. In fact, if anything, I am the prod."

!"Be willing to make decisions. That's the most

important quality in a good leader."

!"Leadership and learning are indispensable to

each other."

Quotes on Leadership Character Quotes on Leadership and Management : Quotes on Leadership and Empowerment

!!"The function of leadership is to produce

more leaders, not more followers." !"As we look ahead into the next century,

leaders will be those who empower others." !"The growth and development of people is

the highest calling of leadership." !"The final test of a leader is that he leaves

behind in others the conviction and will to carry on."

!"The first responsibility of a leader is to

define reality. The last is to say thank you. In between the two, the leader must become a servant and a debtor. That sums up the progress of an artful leader."

!"People are persuaded by reason, but

moved by emotion; [the leader] must both persuade them and move them."

!"People ask the

difference between a

leader and a boss. . . .

The leader works in the

open, and the boss in

covert. The leader leads,

and the boss drives."

!"Management is

efficiency in climbing the

ladder of success;

leadership determines

whether the ladder is

leaning against the right

wall."

!"You manage things; you

lead people."

Quotes on Leadership Process

Latin Quotations:A fonte puro pura defluit aqua

Caeca invidia est Lapsus linguae

Annus mirabilisSemper paratus

Errare humanum estNuda veritas

Primus inter paresSui generis

Tempori parendumManus manum lavat

Ex tempore

From a pure spring pure water flowsEnvy is blindA slip of the tongue A year filled with wonders Always readyTo err is humanThe naked truth First among equalsOne of a kind (of its own kind)One must move with the timesOne hand washes the otherOn the spare of the moment

- pg 5 -

The Great Global Warming SwindleMain article: The Great Global Warming SwindleThe controversial documentary film The Great Global Warming Swindle, broadcast on Channel 4 in the UK on March 8, 2007, brought together skeptical scientists who disagree with the prevailing consensus regarding human-caused global warming.

The film claims that in An Inconvenient Truth, Gore has misrepresented the data, and that the actual relationship between carbon dioxide and the temperature is the other way round (that is, rise in temperature causes an increase in carbon dioxide in the atmosphere). Climatologist Fred Singer argued that the documentary is "devastating" to Gore's movie: "In spite of its flamboyant title, The Great Global Warming Swindle is based on sound science by recording the statements of real climate scientists. An Inconvenient Truth mainly records a politician. However the film's claims have been called into question by various scientists and scientific organisations, including two (Carl Wunsch and Eigil Friis-Christensen) who are interviewed in the programme. A source at Channel 4 described The Great Global Warming Swindle as "essentially a polemic."

A March 13, 2007 article in The New York Times reported on concerns among some scientists about the tone and the accuracy of the film, noting that they "argue that some of Mr. Gore's central points are exaggerated and erroneous". Gore's discussion of a rise in sea level of up to 20 feet is contrasted with a report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), which predicts a maximum rise of 23 inches excluding non-linear effects on ice sheets; although that too discusses the possibilities of higher rises if the ice sheets melt. The article also states that "a report last June by the National Academies seemed to contradict Mr. Gore's portrayal of recent temperatures as the highest in the past millennium." The article quotes both defenders and critics of the film; Gore claims that scientists may disagree with him on some details, "but we do agree on the fundamentals."

New York Times article

Antruth

inconvenient

cont'd from pg 3

Oh Tempora! Oh Mores!

>

>

>

>

>

Would a factory owner hire a total The shift to the 'knowledge-society' puts People aren't looking to be on the cover stranger to take charge of a piece of plant the person in the centre. of business magazines anymore”. Most

Many changes have taken place since the worth millions, with potential liabilities of In doing so it raises new challenges, new CEOs are making concerted new efforts times of the seafarer-explorer and the tens of millions? issues, and quite unprecedented to show they are good “corporate incident above. But one shouldn't miss questions about the knowledge-society's citizens” - in part as a response to the point that, essentially, all those sea The key message is that the image of the representative: The Educated Person. pressures from some shareholder voyages were projects that had to be maritime profession ought to be This person (the seafarer in our case) will activists. Companies are opening up the managed. Teams had to be selected, improved and enhanced; and the signs have to be able to appreciate other culture a bit, internally. Are not afraid to equipped and motivated. Goals had to be are that there is light at the end of the cultures and traditions; the philosophers talk about things, and this seems to set and crises had to be overcome. The tunnel. This is not to persuade someone and religions; the arts and literature; happen in all successful institutions. By physical risks may be were greater and to join or work efficiently in a profession science and technology; production and beginning to believe everything one says the rewards may be were less tangible, that is not generally respected. Therefore economics, in a global world. to one's self; and as it seems to morph still it all came down to knowing what the seafarers' recruitment and retainment into a form of arrogance, one has got to one wanted and how one were giving should be jointly focused, by all the peers One must become a “citizen of the world” discuss it.oneself the best chance of getting it. So of the shipping industry, to: in Vision, Horizon and Information. But what makes a good seafarer? one will also have to draw nourishment What are the issues in question? They are Adaptability, ambition, money, stamina, Improve the image and re-establish the from one's local roots and, in turn, enrich social, economical and environmental. self believe, doggedness, curiosity, status of the maritime profession one's own local culture. What do our customers & citizens expect optimism, authority, hardiness… Improve its popularity and develop from us? A socially responsible shipping momentum The Educated Person will thus have to be industry, that is also efficient and It is self evident that the most vital factor, Promote the positive aspects: prepared to understand two cultures: competitive. An industry that has of nowadays, an asset of immeasurable Academic Status that of the “intellectual”, who focuses on integrated seafarering and shoreside value, is the Human Resources employed Secured professional words and ideas, expertise, that promotes matters of on ships and in onshore maritime related development and that of the “manager”, who focuses Research & Development, Science and activities. One could not imagine the Conditions of work on people and work. Technology.existence of the shipping industry without Remuneration (in high levels) Easier said than done.its valuable workforce. We are all well Refresher courses The sea demands our Respect; and if aware that shipping is the most over- Embody knowledge Commitment has to come from the 'Top treated with respect, it will continue to be regulated industry. Today, the master of Management / CEOs'; and indeed we see an enormously powerful resource. Ocean an aframax oil-tanker and his officers and We consider the latter of paramount it coming. “The strategy may not have governance and the role of the oceans is ratings onboard are responsible for an importance. Knowledge is not changed, however, Execution is the new an important factor, for the future of approximate capital in the sum of USD$ impersonal, like money. Knowledge does strategy. The devil is in the details. mankind. The sea routes were the first 100 million plus, plus 25 souls and the not reside in a book, a databank, a vehicles of globalisation; carrying goods, environment. God forbid, if a serious software programme; they contain only Today's CEOs are probably a lot more technologies and values around the accident were to happen. Seafarering is a information. Knowledge is always deeply involved than their predecessors world. The link continues today; in the hard and a high risk job. There are many embodied in a person; carried by a were on those things. For many years world of lighting-fast communications background elements that increase the person; created, augmented, or improved strategy was about determining the future and the Internet technology.vulnerability; we know them, we feel by a person; applied by a person; taught and making big bold moves. Now, it's them and some times we detest them. and passed on by a person; used or hands on, getting your hands dirty and

misused by a person. delivering the results.

8

8

8

8

cont'd to pg 14

Men wanted for hazardous journey. Small wages, bitter cold, long months of complete

darkness, constant journey, and safe return doubtful. Honour and recognition in case of

success.

Small minds have only room for bread and butter

Am going to cross the Pacific on a wooden raft to support a theory that the South Sea Islands were peopled

from Peru. Will you come?

(Advertisement placed by Ernest Shackleton in a London newspaper, August

1914. It is said that 5,000 people responded to it.)

(Roald Amundsen, 1872-1928, on being asked why he

went to the South Pole)

(A message from Thor Heyerdahl to Knut Heggeland,

Torstein Raby and Herik Heselberg inviting them to take part in the Kon-tiki Expedition, 1946-1947. They all said Yes) "Barbados. By this Publick Act or Instrument of Protest, be it made

known and Manifest unto all Men that on the day of the date hereof before me Richard Husbands Esquire Deputy Secretary and Sole Notary Publick of this Island personal by came and appeared Samuel Wise late Master or Commander of the Brigantine Dolphin, Edmond Hopkins Marriner late belonging also the said Vessell who being duly Sworn on the Holy Evangels of Almighty God requested me the said Notary to make or draw a Protest for the Reasons following, (Viz.) For that those Appearers sailed from Maryland on the fist day of November last past, bound for this Island with a Cargo of Corn Tobacco Flour and Lumber, and proceeding on their said voyage on Monday the first day of this Instant December at nine O'clock A. M. was taken by a French Privateer Sloop of ten carriage Guns about eight leagues to westward of this Island who carried the said Brigantine Dolphin into Martinique where the said Vessell and Cargoes was condemned as a Lawfull Prize as by a Certificate of the Condemnation hereto annexed May appear Wherefore I the said Notary at the Instance and Request aforesaid did even as I do by these Presents Publickly and Solemnly Protest as well against the said French Privateer Sloop aforesaid as against the Insurers and Owners of the said Dolphin..." Samuel Wise, Edmond Hopkins,

A Point of View

16 December 1760

A Mariner's Life Today & the

Top Management

!"Charisma becomes the undoing of leaders. It

makes them inflexible, convinced of their own

infallibility, unable to change."

!"A single lie destroys a whole reputation for

integrity."

!"Leadership is a combination of strategy and

character. If you must be without one, be without

the strategy."

!"Example is not the main thing in influencing

others, it is the only thing."

!"The ultimate measure of a man is not where he

stands in moments of comfort, but where he

stands at times of challenge and controversy."

!"I am certainly not one of those who need to be

prodded. In fact, if anything, I am the prod."

!"Be willing to make decisions. That's the most

important quality in a good leader."

!"Leadership and learning are indispensable to

each other."

Quotes on Leadership Character Quotes on Leadership and Management : Quotes on Leadership and Empowerment

!!"The function of leadership is to produce

more leaders, not more followers." !"As we look ahead into the next century,

leaders will be those who empower others." !"The growth and development of people is

the highest calling of leadership." !"The final test of a leader is that he leaves

behind in others the conviction and will to carry on."

!"The first responsibility of a leader is to

define reality. The last is to say thank you. In between the two, the leader must become a servant and a debtor. That sums up the progress of an artful leader."

!"People are persuaded by reason, but

moved by emotion; [the leader] must both persuade them and move them."

Such individuals are when a forager finds food, she will and passed in trophallaxis, s o m e t i m e s c a l l e d leave a pheromone trail along the giving the ants information

"soldier" ants because their ground on her way home. In a about one another's health stronger mandibles make them short time other ants will follow this and nutrition. Ants can also more effective in fighting other pheromone trail. Home is often detect what task group creatures, although they are still in located through the use of (e.g. foraging or nest fact worker ants and their "duties" remembered landmarks and the maintenance) typically do not vary greatly from position of the sun as detected to which the minor or median workers. In a with compound eyes and also by other ants belong. few species the median workers means of special sky polarization- Of special note,have disappeared, creating a detecting fibers within the eyes. the queen sharp divide and clear physical Returning home, they reinforce produces a certain difference between the minors the same trail which in turn attracts pheromone without which the and majors. more ants until the food is workers would begin raising new

exhausted, after which the trail queens.Most of the common ant scent slowly dissipates. This species breed in the behavior helps ants adapt to tandem running. The follower

same way. Only the queen and changes in their environment. thereby obtains knowledge that it breeding females have the ability When an established path to a would not have, had it not been to mate. Contrary to popular food source is blocked by a new Ants attack and defend themsel- tutored, and this is at the expense belief, some ant nests have obstacle, the foragers leave the ves by biting and in many species, of its nest-mate teacher. Both multiple queens. The male ants, path to explore new routes. If stinging, often injecting chemicals leader and follower are acutely called drones, along with the successful, the returning ant like formic acid. Apart from defen- sensitive to the progress of their breeding females emerge from leaves a new trail marking the se against larger threats, ants also partner. For example, the leader pupation with wings (although shortest route. Since each ant need to defend their colonies slows down when the follower some species, like army ants, do prefers to follow a path richer in against disease organisms. Some lags too far behind, and speeds up not produce winged queens), and pheromone rather than poorer, ant workers' role is to maintain the when the follower gets too close, do nothing throughout their life the resulting route is also the hygiene of the colony and their while the follower does the except eat, until the time for shortest available. activities include undertaking or opposite.mating comes. At this time, all necrophory, the transport of dead breeding ants, excluding the Ants make use of nest-mates. While some ants form complex queen, are carried outside where pheromones for other nests and galleries, other species other colonies of similar species purposes as well. A crushed ant, are nomadic and do not build are doing the same. Then, all the for example, will emit an alarm permanent structures. winged breeding ants take flight. pheromone which in high Mating occurs in flight and the concentration sends nearby ants While many types of animals can males die shortly afterward. The into an attack frenzy; and in lower learn behaviors by imitating otherfemales that survive land and seek Desert ants make use of visual a suitable place to begin a colony. landmarks in combination with There, they break off their own other cues to navigate. wings and begin to lay eggs, In the absence of v isua l which they care for. Sperm landmarks, Sahara desert ants obtained during their nuptial flight have been shown to navigate by is stored and used to fertilize all keeping track of direction as well future eggs produced. The first as distance travelled, like an workers to hatch are weak and internal pedometer that keeps smaller than later workers, but tracks of how many steps they they begin to serve the colony take, and use this information to immediately. They enlarge the find the shortest routes back to nest, forage for food and care for their nests.the other eggs. This is how most new colonies start. A few species that have multiple queens can start a new colony as a queen from Ants usually lose, or never the old nest takes a number of develop, their wings. Therefore, workers to a new site and founds a concentration, merely attracts animals, ants may be the only unlike their wasp ancestors, most colony there. them. To confuse their enemies group of animals besides ants travel by walking.Ant colonies can be long-lived. several ant species even employ pr imates and some other The more cooperative species of The queens themselves can live "propaganda pheromones", mammals in which interactive ants sometimes form chains to for up to 30 years, while workers which cause their enemies to fight teaching behavior has been bridge gaps; whether that is over live from 1 to 3 years. Males, among themselves. observed. Knowledgeable forager water, underground, or through however, are short lived and live ants directly lead naive nest- spaces in arboreal paths.for only a few weeks. Like other insects, ants smell with mates to newly discovered food Some ants are even capable of

their antennae, which are long and sources by the excruciatingly slow leaping.thin. These are fairly mobile, (and time-costly) process of

having a distinct elbow joint a fter Ant communication is accompli- an elongated first segment; and shed primarily through chemicals since they come in pairs--rather called pheromones. Because l i k e b i n o c u l a r v i s i o n o r most ants spend their time in stereophonic sound equipment--direct contact with the ground, they provide information about these chemical messages are direction as well as intensity. more developed than in other Pheromones are also exchanged hymenopterans. So for instance, as compounds mixed with food

Defense

Learning

Navigation

Locomotion

Communication

Ants

LIVESTOCK FARMING

LIMITED FREE WILL

herd aphids & "milk" them for nectar-like food

growing underground gardens for food

feeding young & providing intensive nursery care

teaching younger ants the tricks of the trade

omaintaining a strict 77 F. for developing ants

changing & learning new careers

responding with massive group projects

raising an army of specialized soldier ants

warding off other ants, insects, and animals

move at least as much soil as earthworms

maintain ratio of workers, soldiers, & reproductive's

tunnel from 2 directions & meet exactly midway

complex tactile, chemical communication system

incorporate water traps to keep out rain

inter-relationships more symbiotic than coercive

CULTIVATION

CHILDCARE

EDUCATION

CLIMATE CONTROL

CAREER SPECIALIZATION

CIVIC DUTIES

ARMED FORCES

SECURITY

EARTH MOVERS

SOCIAL PLANNING

ENGINEERING

COMMUNICATIONS

FLOOD CONTROL

BOTH ANTS & HUMANS SHARE THESE ENDEAVORS

With their combined weight greater than the combined weight of all humans, ants are the most numerous type of animal.

Strong in relation to their size, ants can carry 10 to 20 times their body weight. They work in teams to move extremely heavy things.

Ant brains are largest amongst insects. Mushroom shaped brain appendages have function similar to the gray-matter of human brains.

It has been estimated that an ant's brain may have the same processing power as a Macintosh II computer.

This close-up shows the prominent mandibles and the comparatively small compound eyes.

A weaver ant in fighting position, mandibles wide open

Ants a re eusocia l construct nests, and for defense. insects of the family In some species there is also a F o r m i c i d a e a n d , Ants are a lineage derived from small pocket inside the mouth to

along with the related families of within the vespoid wasps. hold food for passing to others.wasps and bees, belong to the Phylogenetic analysis indicates The thorax of the ant is where all order Hymenoptera. They are a that ants evolved from vespoids in six legs are attached. At the end of diverse group of more than 12,000 the mid-Cretaceous period about each leg is a hooked claw that species, with a higher diversity in 120 to 170 million years ago. helps ants climb and hang onto the tropics. They are known for Ant bodies, like those of other things. Most queens and male their highly organized colonies insects, have an exoskeleton, ants have wings, which they drop and nests, which sometimes meaning thei r bodies are after the nuptial flight; however consist of millions of individuals. externally covered in a protective wingless queens (ergatoids) and Individuals are divided into sub- casing, as opposed to the internal males can occur.fertile, and more commonly skeletal framework of humans and sterile, females ("workers"), fertile other vertebrates. Ants do not The metasoma (the males ("drones"), and fertile have lungs. Oxygen passes "abdomen") of the ant females ("queens"). Colonies can through tiny valves, the spiracles, houses many of the important occupy and use a wide area of in their exoskeleton the same internal organs, including the land to support them. Ant colonies holes through which carbon reproductive organs. Many are sometimes described as dioxide leaves their body. Nor do species of ants have stingers used super organisms because the they have a heart; a colorless for subduing prey and defending colony appears to operate as a blood, the hemolymph, runs from their nests.single entity. their head to rear and back again The life of an ant starts with an

along a long tube. Their nervous egg. If the egg is fertilized, the Ants have colonized system is much like a human almost every landmass spinal cord in that it is a on Earth. The only continuous cord, the ventral nerve This is also how adults

places lacking indigenous ant cord, from head to rear with distribute food amongst s p e c i e s a r e A n t a r c t i c a , branches into each extremity. themselves. Larvae and pupae Greenland, Iceland, and the The three main divisions of the ant need to be kept at fairly constant Hawaiian Islands. When all their body are the head, mesosoma temperatures to ensure proper individual contributions are added and metasoma. development, and so are often up, they may constitute up to 15 to moved around various brood 25% of the total terrestrial animal The head of an ant has chambers within the colony.biomass. many important parts.

Ant eyes include the compound A new worker spends eyes, similar to fly eyes: numerous the first few days of its tiny lenses attached together ant will be female (diploid); if not, it adult life caring for the queen and which enables them to see will be male (haploid). Ants are young. After that it graduates to movement very well. They also holometabolous, and develop by digging and other nest work, and have three small ocelli on the top comp le te me tamorphos i s , then to foraging and defense of of the head, which detect light and passing through larval and pupal the nest. These changes are fairly dark. Most ants have poor to stages (with the pupae being abrupt and define what are called mediocre eyesight; some are exarate) before they become temporal castes. blind altogether. A few have adults. The larval stage is exceptional vision though, such particularly helpless for instance One theory of why this occurs is as Australia's bulldog ant. Also it lacks legs entirely and cannot because foraging has a high attached to the head of an ant are care for itself. The difference death rate, so ants only participa-two antennae ("feelers"). between queens and workers te in it when they are older and

(which are both female), and closer to death anyway. In a few The an tennae are between different castes of ants there are also physical special organs that help workers when they exist, is castes; workers come in a

ants detect chemicals, including determined by the feeding in the spectrum of sizes, called minor, those used in communication, as larval stage. Food is given to the median, and major workers, the

Termites, sometimes called white well as a sense of touch. Ants larvae by a process called latter beginning foraging sooner. ants, are not closely related to r e l e a s e p h e r o m o n e s t o trophallaxis in which an Often the larger ants will have ants, although they have similar communicate with each other and ant regurgitates food disproportionately largersocial structures. Velvet ants, the antennae pick up these previously held in its crop for heads, and correspondinglyalthough resembling large ants, chemical signals. The head also communal storage. stronger mandibles.are wingless female wasps. has two strong jaws, the

mandibles, which are used to carry food, manipulate objects,

Evolution

- pg 7 -

cont'd to pg 8

Such individuals are when a forager finds food, she will and passed in trophallaxis, s o m e t i m e s c a l l e d leave a pheromone trail along the giving the ants information

"soldier" ants because their ground on her way home. In a about one another's health stronger mandibles make them short time other ants will follow this and nutrition. Ants can also more effective in fighting other pheromone trail. Home is often detect what task group creatures, although they are still in located through the use of (e.g. foraging or nest fact worker ants and their "duties" remembered landmarks and the maintenance) typically do not vary greatly from position of the sun as detected to which the minor or median workers. In a with compound eyes and also by other ants belong. few species the median workers means of special sky polarization- Of special note,have disappeared, creating a detecting fibers within the eyes. the queen sharp divide and clear physical Returning home, they reinforce produces a certain difference between the minors the same trail which in turn attracts pheromone without which the and majors. more ants until the food is workers would begin raising new

exhausted, after which the trail queens.Most of the common ant scent slowly dissipates. This species breed in the behavior helps ants adapt to tandem running. The follower

same way. Only the queen and changes in their environment. thereby obtains knowledge that it breeding females have the ability When an established path to a would not have, had it not been to mate. Contrary to popular food source is blocked by a new Ants attack and defend themsel- tutored, and this is at the expense belief, some ant nests have obstacle, the foragers leave the ves by biting and in many species, of its nest-mate teacher. Both multiple queens. The male ants, path to explore new routes. If stinging, often injecting chemicals leader and follower are acutely called drones, along with the successful, the returning ant like formic acid. Apart from defen- sensitive to the progress of their breeding females emerge from leaves a new trail marking the se against larger threats, ants also partner. For example, the leader pupation with wings (although shortest route. Since each ant need to defend their colonies slows down when the follower some species, like army ants, do prefers to follow a path richer in against disease organisms. Some lags too far behind, and speeds up not produce winged queens), and pheromone rather than poorer, ant workers' role is to maintain the when the follower gets too close, do nothing throughout their life the resulting route is also the hygiene of the colony and their while the follower does the except eat, until the time for shortest available. activities include undertaking or opposite.mating comes. At this time, all necrophory, the transport of dead breeding ants, excluding the Ants make use of nest-mates. While some ants form complex queen, are carried outside where pheromones for other nests and galleries, other species other colonies of similar species purposes as well. A crushed ant, are nomadic and do not build are doing the same. Then, all the for example, will emit an alarm permanent structures. winged breeding ants take flight. pheromone which in high Mating occurs in flight and the concentration sends nearby ants While many types of animals can males die shortly afterward. The into an attack frenzy; and in lower learn behaviors by imitating otherfemales that survive land and seek Desert ants make use of visual a suitable place to begin a colony. landmarks in combination with There, they break off their own other cues to navigate. wings and begin to lay eggs, In the absence of v isua l which they care for. Sperm landmarks, Sahara desert ants obtained during their nuptial flight have been shown to navigate by is stored and used to fertilize all keeping track of direction as well future eggs produced. The first as distance travelled, like an workers to hatch are weak and internal pedometer that keeps smaller than later workers, but tracks of how many steps they they begin to serve the colony take, and use this information to immediately. They enlarge the find the shortest routes back to nest, forage for food and care for their nests.the other eggs. This is how most new colonies start. A few species that have multiple queens can start a new colony as a queen from Ants usually lose, or never the old nest takes a number of develop, their wings. Therefore, workers to a new site and founds a concentration, merely attracts animals, ants may be the only unlike their wasp ancestors, most colony there. them. To confuse their enemies group of animals besides ants travel by walking.Ant colonies can be long-lived. several ant species even employ pr imates and some other The more cooperative species of The queens themselves can live "propaganda pheromones", mammals in which interactive ants sometimes form chains to for up to 30 years, while workers which cause their enemies to fight teaching behavior has been bridge gaps; whether that is over live from 1 to 3 years. Males, among themselves. observed. Knowledgeable forager water, underground, or through however, are short lived and live ants directly lead naive nest- spaces in arboreal paths.for only a few weeks. Like other insects, ants smell with mates to newly discovered food Some ants are even capable of

their antennae, which are long and sources by the excruciatingly slow leaping.thin. These are fairly mobile, (and time-costly) process of

having a distinct elbow joint a fter Ant communication is accompli- an elongated first segment; and shed primarily through chemicals since they come in pairs--rather called pheromones. Because l i k e b i n o c u l a r v i s i o n o r most ants spend their time in stereophonic sound equipment--direct contact with the ground, they provide information about these chemical messages are direction as well as intensity. more developed than in other Pheromones are also exchanged hymenopterans. So for instance, as compounds mixed with food

Defense

Learning

Navigation

Locomotion

Communication

Ants

LIVESTOCK FARMING

LIMITED FREE WILL

herd aphids & "milk" them for nectar-like food

growing underground gardens for food

feeding young & providing intensive nursery care

teaching younger ants the tricks of the trade

omaintaining a strict 77 F. for developing ants

changing & learning new careers

responding with massive group projects

raising an army of specialized soldier ants

warding off other ants, insects, and animals

move at least as much soil as earthworms

maintain ratio of workers, soldiers, & reproductive's

tunnel from 2 directions & meet exactly midway

complex tactile, chemical communication system

incorporate water traps to keep out rain

inter-relationships more symbiotic than coercive

CULTIVATION

CHILDCARE

EDUCATION

CLIMATE CONTROL

CAREER SPECIALIZATION

CIVIC DUTIES

ARMED FORCES

SECURITY

EARTH MOVERS

SOCIAL PLANNING

ENGINEERING

COMMUNICATIONS

FLOOD CONTROL

BOTH ANTS & HUMANS SHARE THESE ENDEAVORS

With their combined weight greater than the combined weight of all humans, ants are the most numerous type of animal.

Strong in relation to their size, ants can carry 10 to 20 times their body weight. They work in teams to move extremely heavy things.

Ant brains are largest amongst insects. Mushroom shaped brain appendages have function similar to the gray-matter of human brains.

It has been estimated that an ant's brain may have the same processing power as a Macintosh II computer.

This close-up shows the prominent mandibles and the comparatively small compound eyes.

A weaver ant in fighting position, mandibles wide open

Ants a re eusocia l construct nests, and for defense. insects of the family In some species there is also a F o r m i c i d a e a n d , Ants are a lineage derived from small pocket inside the mouth to

along with the related families of within the vespoid wasps. hold food for passing to others.wasps and bees, belong to the Phylogenetic analysis indicates The thorax of the ant is where all order Hymenoptera. They are a that ants evolved from vespoids in six legs are attached. At the end of diverse group of more than 12,000 the mid-Cretaceous period about each leg is a hooked claw that species, with a higher diversity in 120 to 170 million years ago. helps ants climb and hang onto the tropics. They are known for Ant bodies, like those of other things. Most queens and male their highly organized colonies insects, have an exoskeleton, ants have wings, which they drop and nests, which sometimes meaning thei r bodies are after the nuptial flight; however consist of millions of individuals. externally covered in a protective wingless queens (ergatoids) and Individuals are divided into sub- casing, as opposed to the internal males can occur.fertile, and more commonly skeletal framework of humans and sterile, females ("workers"), fertile other vertebrates. Ants do not The metasoma (the males ("drones"), and fertile have lungs. Oxygen passes "abdomen") of the ant females ("queens"). Colonies can through tiny valves, the spiracles, houses many of the important occupy and use a wide area of in their exoskeleton the same internal organs, including the land to support them. Ant colonies holes through which carbon reproductive organs. Many are sometimes described as dioxide leaves their body. Nor do species of ants have stingers used super organisms because the they have a heart; a colorless for subduing prey and defending colony appears to operate as a blood, the hemolymph, runs from their nests.single entity. their head to rear and back again The life of an ant starts with an

along a long tube. Their nervous egg. If the egg is fertilized, the Ants have colonized system is much like a human almost every landmass spinal cord in that it is a on Earth. The only continuous cord, the ventral nerve This is also how adults

places lacking indigenous ant cord, from head to rear with distribute food amongst s p e c i e s a r e A n t a r c t i c a , branches into each extremity. themselves. Larvae and pupae Greenland, Iceland, and the The three main divisions of the ant need to be kept at fairly constant Hawaiian Islands. When all their body are the head, mesosoma temperatures to ensure proper individual contributions are added and metasoma. development, and so are often up, they may constitute up to 15 to moved around various brood 25% of the total terrestrial animal The head of an ant has chambers within the colony.biomass. many important parts.

Ant eyes include the compound A new worker spends eyes, similar to fly eyes: numerous the first few days of its tiny lenses attached together ant will be female (diploid); if not, it adult life caring for the queen and which enables them to see will be male (haploid). Ants are young. After that it graduates to movement very well. They also holometabolous, and develop by digging and other nest work, and have three small ocelli on the top comp le te me tamorphos i s , then to foraging and defense of of the head, which detect light and passing through larval and pupal the nest. These changes are fairly dark. Most ants have poor to stages (with the pupae being abrupt and define what are called mediocre eyesight; some are exarate) before they become temporal castes. blind altogether. A few have adults. The larval stage is exceptional vision though, such particularly helpless for instance One theory of why this occurs is as Australia's bulldog ant. Also it lacks legs entirely and cannot because foraging has a high attached to the head of an ant are care for itself. The difference death rate, so ants only participa-two antennae ("feelers"). between queens and workers te in it when they are older and

(which are both female), and closer to death anyway. In a few The an tennae are between different castes of ants there are also physical special organs that help workers when they exist, is castes; workers come in a

ants detect chemicals, including determined by the feeding in the spectrum of sizes, called minor, those used in communication, as larval stage. Food is given to the median, and major workers, the

Termites, sometimes called white well as a sense of touch. Ants larvae by a process called latter beginning foraging sooner. ants, are not closely related to r e l e a s e p h e r o m o n e s t o trophallaxis in which an Often the larger ants will have ants, although they have similar communicate with each other and ant regurgitates food disproportionately largersocial structures. Velvet ants, the antennae pick up these previously held in its crop for heads, and correspondinglyalthough resembling large ants, chemical signals. The head also communal storage. stronger mandibles.are wingless female wasps. has two strong jaws, the

mandibles, which are used to carry food, manipulate objects,

Evolution

- pg 7 -

cont'd to pg 8

brought the ship in safely. As a senior

executive one must call on one's own

conscience. One sets aside for a few

minutes the voices of trusted advisers

and, in as calm and dispassionate a

manner as possible, evaluates in human

terms the real issues and the real

messages. By doing so, one at least has

the comfort of defending a position that

one believes to be correct.

It is of value to have immediately

much the same way one views and plans independent experts, but, as the old despatched, to the scene of the problem

for the inevitability of death and taxes: adage goes, if you think an expert is the senior responsible individual.

not out of weakness or fear, but out of expensive, try hiring an amateur.

the strength that comes from knowing Four additional measures: Have a

one is prepared to play the "hand" that The fourth stage is dedicated team of individuals working full

fate deals to one. One shouldn't be Stopping the hemorrhaging. This time to contain the crisis. A single

overconfident. Action plans, ready is the phase in which the tough decisions individual should be identified as the

communication plans with redundancy have to be made and made fast; company spokesperson. The company's

and an established communication decisiveness is critical. Some reasonable, own constituencies (customers / owners

centre, drills, essential relationships, decisive action is almost always better / employees / suppliers etc) should not

contingency plans and advanced selected than no action at all. The problem is that be left to ferret out information from the

crisis-teams, should be at the ready. usually you don't know what you don't public media. They have a special need

know. There may be either too little for information. A devil's advocate should

The third stage is information or there may be far too be part of the crisis management team

The most challenging. “When you much, with no way to sift out what is (some one who can tell the emperor

smell an odorless gas, it's probably important. Crisis situations tend to be when he is wearing no clothes).

carbon dioxide”. Correct? No! One should accompanied by conflicting advice

not, sometimes, misclassify a problem, among the legal department, the public The fifth stage is

focusing on the technical aspects and relations, the brokers, the operators and In this phase speed is of the essence.

ignoring issues of perception, as it is engineers etc. “ Tell'em nothin' and A crisis simply will not wait.

often the public perception that causes tell'em slow”. The experience dictates

the crisis which eventually becomes a and prefers to err on the side of over The sixth stage is

reality. The interests of the customer disclosure, even at the risk of harming If the company has handled the

must come first. Experience suggests one's legal position. Credibility is far previous steps flawlessly (that is has not

that we listen to people throughout the more important than legal position. Still somehow managed to make the crisis

organisation. “The natives have the it is up to the CEO to clarify a murky worse) this stage offers an opportunity to

maps”. The phrase "We have had an situation and override advisors. recoup some losses at least partially and

incident" when spoken by the head of an begin to repair the dislocations. “If you

operating entity should be one of the Experts' advise: “First state clearly that run a public company you cannot ignore

most recognisable alarms. “No you do not know all the facts. Then the public. Institutional trust is a lot

Comment” is an unacceptable response promptly state the facts that you do more important than most people realise

in today's advanced world of know. One's objective should be to get it and a lot depends on how much

communications and media. Finally in right, get it quick, get it out, and get it confidence has been built in the

this stage independent investigators, as over. You see, your problem won't organisation over the years before the

well as insiders, are needed to assist improve with age”. crisis”.

understanding the situation. There are, The world is not interested in the storms Tell the truth and tell it fast. Comments??

of course, costs associated with using you encountered but in whether you Ed.

containing the

crisis.

recognizing the

crisis.

resolving the crisis.

profiting from the

crisis.

- pg 9 -

Crisis Management

Comment - Debate

Ant cooperation and competition

Humans and ants

Not all ants have the same kind of societies. Some species of ants are known for attacking and taking over the colonies of other ant species. Others are less expansionist but nonetheless just as aggressive; they attack colonies to steal eggs or larvae, which they either eat or raise as workers/slaves. Some ants, such as the Amazon ants, are incapable of feeding themselves, and must rely on captured worker ants to care for them. The pavement ant is famous for its urge to increase its territory. In early spring, colonies attempt to conquer new areas and often attack the nearest enemy colony. These result in huge sidewalk battles, sometimes leaving thousands of ants dead. Because of their aggressive nature, they often invade a n d c o l o n i z e s e e m i n g l y impenetrable areas.Ants identify kin and nest mates through their scents. Any ant that enters a colony with a different scent than that of the colony will be attacked.

Ants are useful for clearing out insect pests and aerating the soil. On the other hand, they can become annoyances when they invade homes, yards, gardens and fields. Carpenter ants damage wood by hollowing it out for nesting. Some species, called killer ants, have a tendency to attack much larger

animals during foraging or in species populations are usually defending their nests. Attacks on done with bait insecticides, which humans are rare, but the stings Modern society considers the ant are either in the form of small and bites can be quite painful and a pest, and due to the adaptive granules, or as a sticky liquid.in large enough numbers can be nature of ant colonies, eliminating disabling. one is near impossible. Pest

control with regard to ants is more a matter of controlling local Ants have often been used in populations than eliminating an fables and children's stories to

Ants and their larvae are eaten in entire colony. Attempts to control represent industriousness and different parts of the world. ant populations of any kind are cooperative effort, as well as

temporary solutions. Control of aggressiveness and vindictive-

Ants as pests

Ants in culture

Ants as food

Antscont'd from pg 7

ness. They are also mentioned in The Japanese word for ant, ari, is about both humorously and by ant colonies have been widely religious texts. In parts of Africa, represented by an ideograph seriously by writers. Mark Twain studied especially in computer

ants are the messengers of the formed of the character for insect wrote about ants in his A Tramp science and robotics to produce gods. Ant bites are often said to combined with the character Abroad. In more recent times, distributed and fault-tolerant have curative properties. The sting s igni fy ing moral rect i tude , animated cartoons featuring ants systems for solving problems. of some species of Pseudomyr- propriety (giri). So the Chinese have been produced include Ants, This area of biomimetics has led to mex is claimed to give fever relief. character could possibly be read A Bug's Life, The Ant Bully, The Ant studies of ant locomotion, search Some Native American religions, as The Propriety-Insect. Its actual and the Aardvark and Atom Ant. engines which make use of such as Hopi mytho logy, etymology is likely to be different foraging trails and fault tolerant recognize ants as the very first however. s t o r a g e a n d n e t w o r k i n g animals. Others use ant bites in algorithms.initiation ceremonies as a test of Ant society has always fascinated endurance. humans and has been written The successful techniques used

Ant inspired technology

What happens when ants are painted with color dots?

Colored dots, painted on the backs of ants according to the type of work they are observed doing, show that ants have specific jobs

So yellow dotted ants would concentrate on cleaning. Teams of green dotted ants forage outward for food. Orange dotted ants would take care of the young.

After a few days or weeks, the ants may change their jobs as they take on new skills.

Sometimes when a catastrophe occurs, the ants respond by quickly adapting their duties to overcome the problem.

Crisis management is a relatively

new field of management.

Typically, proactive crisis

management activities include

forecasting potential crises and

planning how to deal with them.

Hopefully, organisations have time

and resources to complete a crisis

management plan before they

experience a crisis.

Crisis management in the face of

a current, real crisis, includes

identifying the real nature of a

current crisis, intervening to

minimize damage and recovering from the business (the vessel and its staff, onboard

crisis. Crisis management often includes & ashore)

strong focus on public relations to recover

any damage to public image and assure A difficult exercise. Management should -

stakeholders that recovery is underway. through the chain of command - make

clear to the employees what behaviour is

In our industry news reports announcing expected of them.

that yet another company has stumbled

into a crisis - often without warning and/or We usually cannot seek revenue growth

expectation and through no direct fault of without also expecting increases in

its management - seem as regular as the expenses; we cannot encourage risk taking

tide. The spectrum of shipping crises is so and then be surprised if some of the risks

wide that it seems almost impossible to result in greater exposure.

have listed each type. However, the

influence of the 'top management' of how In the preventive phase must try to

expertly it handles the challenge and of minimize risks and be certain that those

how well it has prepared the planning of: that must be taken are commensurate with

avoiding the crisis, preparing to manage the returns expected. Risks that cannot be

the crisis, recognising the crisis, containing avoided must be properly hedged. The real

the crisis, resolving the crisis and finally problem, however, is that perfection

profiting from the crisis, can determine the prevention is perfectly unattainable.

future of the enterprise.

The second stage is

The first stage is That is to Noah started building the ark

make a list of, possibly, everything that before it began to rain. One should view

could attract troubles to the shipping and plan for the inevitability of a crisis in

preparing to manage

prevention. the crisis.

brought the ship in safely. As a senior

executive one must call on one's own

conscience. One sets aside for a few

minutes the voices of trusted advisers

and, in as calm and dispassionate a

manner as possible, evaluates in human

terms the real issues and the real

messages. By doing so, one at least has

the comfort of defending a position that

one believes to be correct.

It is of value to have immediately

much the same way one views and plans independent experts, but, as the old despatched, to the scene of the problem

for the inevitability of death and taxes: adage goes, if you think an expert is the senior responsible individual.

not out of weakness or fear, but out of expensive, try hiring an amateur.

the strength that comes from knowing Four additional measures: Have a

one is prepared to play the "hand" that The fourth stage is dedicated team of individuals working full

fate deals to one. One shouldn't be Stopping the hemorrhaging. This time to contain the crisis. A single

overconfident. Action plans, ready is the phase in which the tough decisions individual should be identified as the

communication plans with redundancy have to be made and made fast; company spokesperson. The company's

and an established communication decisiveness is critical. Some reasonable, own constituencies (customers / owners

centre, drills, essential relationships, decisive action is almost always better / employees / suppliers etc) should not

contingency plans and advanced selected than no action at all. The problem is that be left to ferret out information from the

crisis-teams, should be at the ready. usually you don't know what you don't public media. They have a special need

know. There may be either too little for information. A devil's advocate should

The third stage is information or there may be far too be part of the crisis management team

The most challenging. “When you much, with no way to sift out what is (some one who can tell the emperor

smell an odorless gas, it's probably important. Crisis situations tend to be when he is wearing no clothes).

carbon dioxide”. Correct? No! One should accompanied by conflicting advice

not, sometimes, misclassify a problem, among the legal department, the public The fifth stage is

focusing on the technical aspects and relations, the brokers, the operators and In this phase speed is of the essence.

ignoring issues of perception, as it is engineers etc. “ Tell'em nothin' and A crisis simply will not wait.

often the public perception that causes tell'em slow”. The experience dictates

the crisis which eventually becomes a and prefers to err on the side of over The sixth stage is

reality. The interests of the customer disclosure, even at the risk of harming If the company has handled the

must come first. Experience suggests one's legal position. Credibility is far previous steps flawlessly (that is has not

that we listen to people throughout the more important than legal position. Still somehow managed to make the crisis

organisation. “The natives have the it is up to the CEO to clarify a murky worse) this stage offers an opportunity to

maps”. The phrase "We have had an situation and override advisors. recoup some losses at least partially and

incident" when spoken by the head of an begin to repair the dislocations. “If you

operating entity should be one of the Experts' advise: “First state clearly that run a public company you cannot ignore

most recognisable alarms. “No you do not know all the facts. Then the public. Institutional trust is a lot

Comment” is an unacceptable response promptly state the facts that you do more important than most people realise

in today's advanced world of know. One's objective should be to get it and a lot depends on how much

communications and media. Finally in right, get it quick, get it out, and get it confidence has been built in the

this stage independent investigators, as over. You see, your problem won't organisation over the years before the

well as insiders, are needed to assist improve with age”. crisis”.

understanding the situation. There are, The world is not interested in the storms Tell the truth and tell it fast. Comments??

of course, costs associated with using you encountered but in whether you Ed.

containing the

crisis.

recognizing the

crisis.

resolving the crisis.

profiting from the

crisis.

- pg 9 -

Crisis Management

Comment - Debate

Ant cooperation and competition

Humans and ants

Not all ants have the same kind of societies. Some species of ants are known for attacking and taking over the colonies of other ant species. Others are less expansionist but nonetheless just as aggressive; they attack colonies to steal eggs or larvae, which they either eat or raise as workers/slaves. Some ants, such as the Amazon ants, are incapable of feeding themselves, and must rely on captured worker ants to care for them. The pavement ant is famous for its urge to increase its territory. In early spring, colonies attempt to conquer new areas and often attack the nearest enemy colony. These result in huge sidewalk battles, sometimes leaving thousands of ants dead. Because of their aggressive nature, they often invade a n d c o l o n i z e s e e m i n g l y impenetrable areas.Ants identify kin and nest mates through their scents. Any ant that enters a colony with a different scent than that of the colony will be attacked.

Ants are useful for clearing out insect pests and aerating the soil. On the other hand, they can become annoyances when they invade homes, yards, gardens and fields. Carpenter ants damage wood by hollowing it out for nesting. Some species, called killer ants, have a tendency to attack much larger

animals during foraging or in species populations are usually defending their nests. Attacks on done with bait insecticides, which humans are rare, but the stings Modern society considers the ant are either in the form of small and bites can be quite painful and a pest, and due to the adaptive granules, or as a sticky liquid.in large enough numbers can be nature of ant colonies, eliminating disabling. one is near impossible. Pest

control with regard to ants is more a matter of controlling local Ants have often been used in populations than eliminating an fables and children's stories to

Ants and their larvae are eaten in entire colony. Attempts to control represent industriousness and different parts of the world. ant populations of any kind are cooperative effort, as well as

temporary solutions. Control of aggressiveness and vindictive-

Ants as pests

Ants in culture

Ants as food

Antscont'd from pg 7

ness. They are also mentioned in The Japanese word for ant, ari, is about both humorously and by ant colonies have been widely religious texts. In parts of Africa, represented by an ideograph seriously by writers. Mark Twain studied especially in computer

ants are the messengers of the formed of the character for insect wrote about ants in his A Tramp science and robotics to produce gods. Ant bites are often said to combined with the character Abroad. In more recent times, distributed and fault-tolerant have curative properties. The sting s igni fy ing moral rect i tude , animated cartoons featuring ants systems for solving problems. of some species of Pseudomyr- propriety (giri). So the Chinese have been produced include Ants, This area of biomimetics has led to mex is claimed to give fever relief. character could possibly be read A Bug's Life, The Ant Bully, The Ant studies of ant locomotion, search Some Native American religions, as The Propriety-Insect. Its actual and the Aardvark and Atom Ant. engines which make use of such as Hopi mytho logy, etymology is likely to be different foraging trails and fault tolerant recognize ants as the very first however. s t o r a g e a n d n e t w o r k i n g animals. Others use ant bites in algorithms.initiation ceremonies as a test of Ant society has always fascinated endurance. humans and has been written The successful techniques used

Ant inspired technology

What happens when ants are painted with color dots?

Colored dots, painted on the backs of ants according to the type of work they are observed doing, show that ants have specific jobs

So yellow dotted ants would concentrate on cleaning. Teams of green dotted ants forage outward for food. Orange dotted ants would take care of the young.

After a few days or weeks, the ants may change their jobs as they take on new skills.

Sometimes when a catastrophe occurs, the ants respond by quickly adapting their duties to overcome the problem.

Crisis management is a relatively

new field of management.

Typically, proactive crisis

management activities include

forecasting potential crises and

planning how to deal with them.

Hopefully, organisations have time

and resources to complete a crisis

management plan before they

experience a crisis.

Crisis management in the face of

a current, real crisis, includes

identifying the real nature of a

current crisis, intervening to

minimize damage and recovering from the business (the vessel and its staff, onboard

crisis. Crisis management often includes & ashore)

strong focus on public relations to recover

any damage to public image and assure A difficult exercise. Management should -

stakeholders that recovery is underway. through the chain of command - make

clear to the employees what behaviour is

In our industry news reports announcing expected of them.

that yet another company has stumbled

into a crisis - often without warning and/or We usually cannot seek revenue growth

expectation and through no direct fault of without also expecting increases in

its management - seem as regular as the expenses; we cannot encourage risk taking

tide. The spectrum of shipping crises is so and then be surprised if some of the risks

wide that it seems almost impossible to result in greater exposure.

have listed each type. However, the

influence of the 'top management' of how In the preventive phase must try to

expertly it handles the challenge and of minimize risks and be certain that those

how well it has prepared the planning of: that must be taken are commensurate with

avoiding the crisis, preparing to manage the returns expected. Risks that cannot be

the crisis, recognising the crisis, containing avoided must be properly hedged. The real

the crisis, resolving the crisis and finally problem, however, is that perfection

profiting from the crisis, can determine the prevention is perfectly unattainable.

future of the enterprise.

The second stage is

The first stage is That is to Noah started building the ark

make a list of, possibly, everything that before it began to rain. One should view

could attract troubles to the shipping and plan for the inevitability of a crisis in

preparing to manage

prevention. the crisis.

Because only males sing, scientists long some cases across the reach of an ocean assumed that their songs were mating basin as large as the North Pacific, the calls directed to females - like bird song whales all sing essentially the same

in spring. But observation of humpback tune.whale behaviour has revealed that

Consider the beautiful females actually pay no attention to the As the season progresses, they

music that whales male singing. Other explanations have collectively revise it, adding new make, which became been proposed: that males sing to warn melodies and taking others away. Over

known to us 37 years other males away, for example, or that several mating seasons, songs are ago when “Songs of the the songs act as some kind of beacon to entirely changed.(Today's humpbacks Humpback Whale” was help migrating whales navigate. Another would not recognise the music on

released and went on to become theory is that male singing alone usually “Songs of the Humpback Whale” from one of the best-selling nature will join up with another male for a brief 1970. The whales evolve their common

recordings of all time. almost always friendly or at least songs simultaneously even though some

conflict-free interaction. During breeding of them are much too apart from one The whales' long drawn-out melodies their songs, somehow, may help them to another to hear the changes, at the

thunder on, loudly enough to be heard cooperate and to recognise their closest same time). How do they know what underwater for a distance of at least 10 associates. new notes to choose? What guides the miles. Five to 20 minutes songs marked changes they make? Scientists don't

by repeating phrases, rhythm and even Whale song has another unexplained know and hardly know how to find out.rhyme are sung over and over four aspect that no bird song possesses. (Adapted from NYT/ May 31, 2007)hours on end. Across a single breeding ground, and in

- pg 11 -

MARSMARS

(The devil finds work for idle hands)

Work, we know, is both a burden and a need, both a curse and a blessing. Unemployment we long

ago learned creates severe psychological disturbances, not because

of economic deprivation, but primarily because it undermines self respect. Work

is an extension of personality. It is achievement. It is one of the way in which a person defines himself or herself, measures his worth and his humanity.

Action Point. Don't let your self-respect be undermined by being unemployed. Remind yourself that there are other ways to define you besides work. (Management Tasks/ Responsibilities/ By Peter F. Drucker)

Work

Avoid short cuts(Compliments SEAWAYS / N.I.)

A tanker in ballast was sailing out of a busy port,

navigating the departure TSS on a northerly course.

Deciding to take a short cut, the master altered course

to NE to go out of the TSS and pass through the

designated anchorage area stretching to the east of the

traffic scheme. A tidal stream was setting from west to

east. At this point, the tanker's bridge team also

became aware of an inbound container vessel, wide on

the starboard bow, about two miles away, on a westerly

course apparently proceeding to the anchorage.

The ARPA on the tanker gave the container ship's

Closest Point of Approach (CPA) as two cables ahead.

In order to allow a wider clearance, the tanker reduced

speed to dead slow. However, at this speed, she not

only lost steerage, but also was being strongly set

towards the anchored vessels by the tidal current. The

tanker then went full astern, causing her bow to rapidly

swing to STBD. With the current pushing her on to the

anchored vessels, and her head turning towards the

container ship, she was lucky to extricate herself from

the anchorage, with the container vessel crossing her

bow at a distance of just a cable.

Moral of the story? Avoid passing through designated

anchorage areas and avoid short cuts.

200727

Miniature Books

Speak Whale to Me

Killing innovationNot enough. There's more:Fortune has listed things done by companies to kill

innovation: ! Arrange short-notice 'Let's Innovate' meeting! Hire employees looking for safety in their roles

! Just support your ideas! Hire incompetent employees. Keep salaries thbelow the 75 percentile ! Don't realise any innovated

ideas generated! Treat employees like garbage

! Always support previously tried ! Reward conservative and marginal successesand succeeded ideas

! Micromanage! Let employees feel the

! Only create customer-requested features hierarchy and make jokes about it in any chance

! Make performance reviews easy

! Build mini-kingdoms so that people can't find information and contacts Our Joke

No man is old until his mother stops

worrying about him.

Husband:

I am feeling so

depressed today

Wife: Why darling?

Husband: It's just that sometimes I feel

so alone and useless

Wife: Oh! You don't have to feel so

alone. Many people think you are

useless

Maintaining (pilot & other) ladders(Compliments STOPLOSS Bulletin)

It is very important and of serious

consequences of failing to

correctly rig pilot ladders. Also

failing to maintain them properly

can have disastrous consequences, as illustrated by an

accident recently drawn to the attention of the Club.

During a transfer in the port of Dublin, the side ropes of a

pilot ladder gave way, and the pilot fell back into the pilot

cutter, together with a section of the ladder. Fortunately the

pilot on this occasion was not seriously injured, but

subsequent port state investigation found that both the port

and stbd pilot ladders were permanently rigged and open to

damage from the weather, the action of the seas and the

sun, in contravention of SOLAS Chapter V Regulation 23.

The failure was found to have been caused by a significant

loss of strength in the ropes used in the ladder's

construction, caused by external abrasion. The position of

the failures in each leg suggested that flex fatigue had also

contributed to loss of strength. The general appearance of

the failed ladder suggested that it had been in service for a

considerable period of time, and there was no evidence of

regular inspection as required under SOLAS.

Vessels are reminded that it is essential to ensure that pilot

ladders are inspected regularly, and properly stowed when

not in use.

Book Reading measured 8 centimeters or less on each side. As book (Adapted from NYT/ June 1, 2007)marking technology improved,

n the 1930s the paperback made its the small became even smaller. Iappearance. Readers in Germany, Britain and the United States ookbinders in Russia and Japan responded enthusiastically to the idea Bhave published books, complete of a small-format book that could be with bindings, which are about the slipped into the pocket and read on size of the letter “a”. Though these the bus or train. What novelty it books were small still the subjects and practical sets of classic writers about two centimetres square, seemed, a streamlined leisure product were surprisingly big, embracing intended for travellers. unquestionably light and portable, but fitting for a scientific age. In fact the thumbnail-size cuneiform tablets first and foremost an exhibition of the shrunken book was nearly five from Mesopotamia; the “thumb iniature books originally book making art. In descending order, centuries old. Bibles” first printed for children in Mserved a useful purpose. collectors categorise such books as

ththe 17 century; and the first printing Reduced-size prayer books made it macrominiatures (seven to ten he earliest miniature books, in book form of Abraham Lincoln's possible to practice devotion on the centimetres in height), miniatures Tilluminated manuscripts that Emancipation Proclamation, an eight move. But early on, the human (three to seven centimetres),

could be dangled from the waist on a centimeter volume distributed to fascination with miniaturisation microminiatures (0.6 to three cents) chain, predated the invention of Union soldiers and slaves during the assumed its own momentum. In 1480 and the greatest of the least, the moveable type. Their dimensions American Civil War. Miniatures also Salvador Gagliardelli, a Florentine ultramicrominiatures (less than 0.6 made the typical paperback look include exquisite, bejeweled books of scribe, created an illuminated prayer centimetres).gargantuan. The larger examples hours book with 17 paintings measuring

Because only males sing, scientists long some cases across the reach of an ocean assumed that their songs were mating basin as large as the North Pacific, the calls directed to females - like bird song whales all sing essentially the same

in spring. But observation of humpback tune.whale behaviour has revealed that

Consider the beautiful females actually pay no attention to the As the season progresses, they

music that whales male singing. Other explanations have collectively revise it, adding new make, which became been proposed: that males sing to warn melodies and taking others away. Over

known to us 37 years other males away, for example, or that several mating seasons, songs are ago when “Songs of the the songs act as some kind of beacon to entirely changed.(Today's humpbacks Humpback Whale” was help migrating whales navigate. Another would not recognise the music on

released and went on to become theory is that male singing alone usually “Songs of the Humpback Whale” from one of the best-selling nature will join up with another male for a brief 1970. The whales evolve their common

recordings of all time. almost always friendly or at least songs simultaneously even though some

conflict-free interaction. During breeding of them are much too apart from one The whales' long drawn-out melodies their songs, somehow, may help them to another to hear the changes, at the

thunder on, loudly enough to be heard cooperate and to recognise their closest same time). How do they know what underwater for a distance of at least 10 associates. new notes to choose? What guides the miles. Five to 20 minutes songs marked changes they make? Scientists don't

by repeating phrases, rhythm and even Whale song has another unexplained know and hardly know how to find out.rhyme are sung over and over four aspect that no bird song possesses. (Adapted from NYT/ May 31, 2007)hours on end. Across a single breeding ground, and in

- pg 11 -

MARSMARS

(The devil finds work for idle hands)

Work, we know, is both a burden and a need, both a curse and a blessing. Unemployment we long

ago learned creates severe psychological disturbances, not because

of economic deprivation, but primarily because it undermines self respect. Work

is an extension of personality. It is achievement. It is one of the way in which a person defines himself or herself, measures his worth and his humanity.

Action Point. Don't let your self-respect be undermined by being unemployed. Remind yourself that there are other ways to define you besides work. (Management Tasks/ Responsibilities/ By Peter F. Drucker)

Work

Avoid short cuts(Compliments SEAWAYS / N.I.)

A tanker in ballast was sailing out of a busy port,

navigating the departure TSS on a northerly course.

Deciding to take a short cut, the master altered course

to NE to go out of the TSS and pass through the

designated anchorage area stretching to the east of the

traffic scheme. A tidal stream was setting from west to

east. At this point, the tanker's bridge team also

became aware of an inbound container vessel, wide on

the starboard bow, about two miles away, on a westerly

course apparently proceeding to the anchorage.

The ARPA on the tanker gave the container ship's

Closest Point of Approach (CPA) as two cables ahead.

In order to allow a wider clearance, the tanker reduced

speed to dead slow. However, at this speed, she not

only lost steerage, but also was being strongly set

towards the anchored vessels by the tidal current. The

tanker then went full astern, causing her bow to rapidly

swing to STBD. With the current pushing her on to the

anchored vessels, and her head turning towards the

container ship, she was lucky to extricate herself from

the anchorage, with the container vessel crossing her

bow at a distance of just a cable.

Moral of the story? Avoid passing through designated

anchorage areas and avoid short cuts.

200727

Miniature Books

Speak Whale to Me

Killing innovationNot enough. There's more:Fortune has listed things done by companies to kill

innovation: ! Arrange short-notice 'Let's Innovate' meeting! Hire employees looking for safety in their roles

! Just support your ideas! Hire incompetent employees. Keep salaries thbelow the 75 percentile ! Don't realise any innovated

ideas generated! Treat employees like garbage

! Always support previously tried ! Reward conservative and marginal successesand succeeded ideas

! Micromanage! Let employees feel the

! Only create customer-requested features hierarchy and make jokes about it in any chance

! Make performance reviews easy

! Build mini-kingdoms so that people can't find information and contacts Our Joke

No man is old until his mother stops

worrying about him.

Husband:

I am feeling so

depressed today

Wife: Why darling?

Husband: It's just that sometimes I feel

so alone and useless

Wife: Oh! You don't have to feel so

alone. Many people think you are

useless

Maintaining (pilot & other) ladders(Compliments STOPLOSS Bulletin)

It is very important and of serious

consequences of failing to

correctly rig pilot ladders. Also

failing to maintain them properly

can have disastrous consequences, as illustrated by an

accident recently drawn to the attention of the Club.

During a transfer in the port of Dublin, the side ropes of a

pilot ladder gave way, and the pilot fell back into the pilot

cutter, together with a section of the ladder. Fortunately the

pilot on this occasion was not seriously injured, but

subsequent port state investigation found that both the port

and stbd pilot ladders were permanently rigged and open to

damage from the weather, the action of the seas and the

sun, in contravention of SOLAS Chapter V Regulation 23.

The failure was found to have been caused by a significant

loss of strength in the ropes used in the ladder's

construction, caused by external abrasion. The position of

the failures in each leg suggested that flex fatigue had also

contributed to loss of strength. The general appearance of

the failed ladder suggested that it had been in service for a

considerable period of time, and there was no evidence of

regular inspection as required under SOLAS.

Vessels are reminded that it is essential to ensure that pilot

ladders are inspected regularly, and properly stowed when

not in use.

Book Reading measured 8 centimeters or less on each side. As book (Adapted from NYT/ June 1, 2007)marking technology improved,

n the 1930s the paperback made its the small became even smaller. Iappearance. Readers in Germany, Britain and the United States ookbinders in Russia and Japan responded enthusiastically to the idea Bhave published books, complete of a small-format book that could be with bindings, which are about the slipped into the pocket and read on size of the letter “a”. Though these the bus or train. What novelty it books were small still the subjects and practical sets of classic writers about two centimetres square, seemed, a streamlined leisure product were surprisingly big, embracing intended for travellers. unquestionably light and portable, but fitting for a scientific age. In fact the thumbnail-size cuneiform tablets first and foremost an exhibition of the shrunken book was nearly five from Mesopotamia; the “thumb iniature books originally book making art. In descending order, centuries old. Bibles” first printed for children in Mserved a useful purpose. collectors categorise such books as

ththe 17 century; and the first printing Reduced-size prayer books made it macrominiatures (seven to ten he earliest miniature books, in book form of Abraham Lincoln's possible to practice devotion on the centimetres in height), miniatures Tilluminated manuscripts that Emancipation Proclamation, an eight move. But early on, the human (three to seven centimetres),

could be dangled from the waist on a centimeter volume distributed to fascination with miniaturisation microminiatures (0.6 to three cents) chain, predated the invention of Union soldiers and slaves during the assumed its own momentum. In 1480 and the greatest of the least, the moveable type. Their dimensions American Civil War. Miniatures also Salvador Gagliardelli, a Florentine ultramicrominiatures (less than 0.6 made the typical paperback look include exquisite, bejeweled books of scribe, created an illuminated prayer centimetres).gargantuan. The larger examples hours book with 17 paintings measuring

- pg 13-

By Fe Almogela-Bacungan, M.D. S.M.LAZO Medical Clinic Inc,

Manila

n

n

n

bleeding. Fluids build up in the abdomen (ascitis) and legs (pedal oedema) and and the skin), dark coloured urine, clay haemorrhage in the intestines is coloured stools, and generalised join common at this stage (liver failure). pains. There are however, situations

when an infected person has no It is estimated that about one third of Hepatitis B virus is spread when blood or symptoms at all (healthy carrier). the world's population has been exposed blood fluids from an infected person Symptoms are more common among at some time to Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). enter the body of one who is not adults than children. From having acute About 350 million individuals worldwide infected. Most likely this is the result of hepatitis B infection 95% will recover are infected with the virus for a long contact with skin pores, small breaks or completely. As a result they will become time (chronic carriers). This is expected mucous membranes with the infected immune to a future infection. Healthy to lead to two million deaths annually. blood, unsafe injections when using carriers remain healthy and What is more alarming is that the illegal drugs, other skin penetrating asymptomatic but they can spread the Hepatitis B virus is 100 times more procedures such as acupuncture, virus to others. infectious than the Human piercing, tattooing even sharing razors or Immunodeficiency (HIV) or AIDS virus. toothbrushes. Most people are not aware

that the virus is mainly contracted the A healthy liver is essential to a healthy same way as sexually transmitted life. It is the body's largest organ that diseases. Increased risks are has many functions vital to survival: associated with multiple

sexual partners and It filters - wastes, bacteria, unprotected sexual viruses, toxins from the contact.blood. It changes poisonous substances The virus is also into harmless transferred by an substances and infected medicines into mother to her forms the body can baby during About 2% to 6% of the acute cases are use. birth. It is not expected to progress to a chronic and It transforms food transmitted long term infection. They can pas on the into usable chemicals, through food virus to others and they carry an it manufactures and water, increase risk from serious diseases such most of the proteins breastfeeding, as cirrhosis and liver cancers and those needed to sharing eating (hepatoma).clot blood, it digests fats utensils, hugging, and cholesterol and it coughing, sneezing or There is no specific medication for the sends nourishment through casual contact such as acute or recently acquired infection. the blood to the different cells shaking hands. However, for the chronic cases there are and organs. Hepa B infection is diagnosed anti-viral drugs which aim to suppress It is the warehouse of the body. It only through a blood test that the viral multiplication and prevention of stores mineral, vitamins and sugars specifically looks for the virus or its complications such as liver cancers and that our body uses for energy. associated structures in a person's blood. hepatoma.

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) is a Currently available anti-viral drugs are The liver undergoes changes once it structure found in Hepa B infection that the following:becomes inflamed (hepatitis) due to could already be detected in an infected infection or toxins. The organ tries to person's blood on the average of four Interferon alpha 2b (Intron A), given repair itself by forming tiny scars or weeks exposure. for 16 weeks up to one year, with 33% fibrosis making it difficult to perform its sustained response following 4 months functions. As damage continues, many Hepa B is a 'silent' disease that affects into treatmentscars form and begin to join together many people without them feeling sick. Adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera), one year leading to cirrhosis. With this condition, Symptoms during the acute phase up to 48 months treatmentthe liver shrinks and becomes hard. appear in about 70% of patients who Lamiduvine (Epivir HBV), one year

develop them in 12 weeks after exposure treatment.Severe scarring prevents the blood from to the virus. Manifestations are 'flu-like' If the injectable Interferon is used, one flowing freely through the liver severely such as body weakness, loss of appetite, would spend today about U$14,000 for impairing the vital liver functions. It is nausea, abdominal discomfort, low grade six months to one year. This makes it unable to filter wastes and drugs from fever and fatigue. In more serious cases, cheaper to prevent getting the disease the blood. It can no longer produce there is jaundice (yellowish than buying these expensive medications blood clotting factors necessary to stop discolouration of the sclera of the eyes with 40% to 50% chance of success.

>

>

>

PREVETION IS BETTER THAN CURE who were vaccinated still have Hepatitis B vaccines are currently protective antibodies 10 years after available for prevention of HBV vaccination.infection. Because of its ability to prevent serious liver diseases, this Hepatitis B infection is so serious that vaccine has been recognised as the lack of treatment may lead to first anti-cancer vaccine. It provides a cirrhosis, liver cancer, liver failure and long term protection though the eventually death, among those with development of anti-bodies against chronic infection. Hence there is an the virus. However, vaccines are not urgent need to protect ourselves and useful for an individual already families especially our children. chronically infected (HbsAg positive). To complete the regimen, the first As preventive measures, pregnant vaccine is followed by 2 others at one women must be tested for the virus and six month interval. before giving birth and all babies to

have vaccination. Babies who were Other preparations may have born from mothers, who are carriers, different schedules. The important still have the chance to actually not thing is for one to complete the contracting the disease. It is vital that vaccination schedules to benefit fully. they are immune at an early stage so Ideally a post vaccination test is they won't develop infection in the conducted one or two months after future. Vaccination remains the best completion of the vaccine series to option in its management because of check if the body has already the high cost and long treatment with developed antibodies against the the available antiviral drugs. This virus. Booster doses after completion essential information and awareness of the original schedule are not may save thousand lives from the routinely recommended because fatal outcome of the HEPA B infection. studies show that infants and teens Thank you.

This editor was 'silly' enough to have ruptured his left-knee's quadriceps

rdtendon, last 23 April 2007, while walking his dog 'Willy' on a mountain-hike.

The patellar tendon attaches to the tibia tubercle on the front of the tibia (shin bone) just below the front of the knee. It also is attached to the bottom of the patella (kneecap). At the top of the patella, the quadriceps tendon is attached. At the tope of the quadriceps tendon is the quadriceps muscle. The quadriceps muscle is the large muscle on the front of the thigh. As the quadriceps muscle contracts (shortens), it pulls on the quadriceps tendon, the patella, the patellar tendon, and the tibia to move the knee from a flexed (bent) position to an extended (straight) position. Conversely, when the quadriceps muscle relaxes, it lengthens. This allows the knee to move from a position of extension (straight) to a position of flexion (bent).

It took a four-hour surgery to have the damage under control. The orthopaedic surgeon told him he would have him on his feet within four weeks flat. And did he? Yes! The casualty had to sell off his car to foot his bill.

Action Point: Accidents don't come by appointment; they just happen. Never walk on a mountain trek reading your last-before-printing bulletin - instead of minding your next step.

pyramidal progression when he is MURPHOLOGY already in the company of: (1) a (Humour, Wit or Wisdom?) date, (2) his wife,

(3) a better looking and richer .When several reporters share a male friend

cab on an assignment, the .The only imperfect thing in nature reporter at the front seat pays for is the human raceall .Nothing is ever accomplished by .No matter how many reporters a reasonable man

share a cab, and no matter who .Trivial matters are handled pays, each puts the full fare on his promptly; important matters are own expense account never solved.Men and nations will act rationally .Once a job is fouled up, anything

when all other possibilities have done to improve it only makes it been exhausted worse.Nobody really cares or .The one who does the least work

understands what anyone else is will get the most creditdoing .When all else fails, try the boss's .The probability of a young man suggestion

meeting a desirable receptive .Anyone who is popular is bound young female increases by to be disliked

An Emerging Public Health ThreatHepatitis B Infection

- pg 13-

By Fe Almogela-Bacungan, M.D. S.M.LAZO Medical Clinic Inc,

Manila

n

n

n

bleeding. Fluids build up in the abdomen (ascitis) and legs (pedal oedema) and and the skin), dark coloured urine, clay haemorrhage in the intestines is coloured stools, and generalised join common at this stage (liver failure). pains. There are however, situations

when an infected person has no It is estimated that about one third of Hepatitis B virus is spread when blood or symptoms at all (healthy carrier). the world's population has been exposed blood fluids from an infected person Symptoms are more common among at some time to Hepatitis B Virus (HBV). enter the body of one who is not adults than children. From having acute About 350 million individuals worldwide infected. Most likely this is the result of hepatitis B infection 95% will recover are infected with the virus for a long contact with skin pores, small breaks or completely. As a result they will become time (chronic carriers). This is expected mucous membranes with the infected immune to a future infection. Healthy to lead to two million deaths annually. blood, unsafe injections when using carriers remain healthy and What is more alarming is that the illegal drugs, other skin penetrating asymptomatic but they can spread the Hepatitis B virus is 100 times more procedures such as acupuncture, virus to others. infectious than the Human piercing, tattooing even sharing razors or Immunodeficiency (HIV) or AIDS virus. toothbrushes. Most people are not aware

that the virus is mainly contracted the A healthy liver is essential to a healthy same way as sexually transmitted life. It is the body's largest organ that diseases. Increased risks are has many functions vital to survival: associated with multiple

sexual partners and It filters - wastes, bacteria, unprotected sexual viruses, toxins from the contact.blood. It changes poisonous substances The virus is also into harmless transferred by an substances and infected medicines into mother to her forms the body can baby during About 2% to 6% of the acute cases are use. birth. It is not expected to progress to a chronic and It transforms food transmitted long term infection. They can pas on the into usable chemicals, through food virus to others and they carry an it manufactures and water, increase risk from serious diseases such most of the proteins breastfeeding, as cirrhosis and liver cancers and those needed to sharing eating (hepatoma).clot blood, it digests fats utensils, hugging, and cholesterol and it coughing, sneezing or There is no specific medication for the sends nourishment through casual contact such as acute or recently acquired infection. the blood to the different cells shaking hands. However, for the chronic cases there are and organs. Hepa B infection is diagnosed anti-viral drugs which aim to suppress It is the warehouse of the body. It only through a blood test that the viral multiplication and prevention of stores mineral, vitamins and sugars specifically looks for the virus or its complications such as liver cancers and that our body uses for energy. associated structures in a person's blood. hepatoma.

Hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) is a Currently available anti-viral drugs are The liver undergoes changes once it structure found in Hepa B infection that the following:becomes inflamed (hepatitis) due to could already be detected in an infected infection or toxins. The organ tries to person's blood on the average of four Interferon alpha 2b (Intron A), given repair itself by forming tiny scars or weeks exposure. for 16 weeks up to one year, with 33% fibrosis making it difficult to perform its sustained response following 4 months functions. As damage continues, many Hepa B is a 'silent' disease that affects into treatmentscars form and begin to join together many people without them feeling sick. Adefovir dipivoxil (Hepsera), one year leading to cirrhosis. With this condition, Symptoms during the acute phase up to 48 months treatmentthe liver shrinks and becomes hard. appear in about 70% of patients who Lamiduvine (Epivir HBV), one year

develop them in 12 weeks after exposure treatment.Severe scarring prevents the blood from to the virus. Manifestations are 'flu-like' If the injectable Interferon is used, one flowing freely through the liver severely such as body weakness, loss of appetite, would spend today about U$14,000 for impairing the vital liver functions. It is nausea, abdominal discomfort, low grade six months to one year. This makes it unable to filter wastes and drugs from fever and fatigue. In more serious cases, cheaper to prevent getting the disease the blood. It can no longer produce there is jaundice (yellowish than buying these expensive medications blood clotting factors necessary to stop discolouration of the sclera of the eyes with 40% to 50% chance of success.

>

>

>

PREVETION IS BETTER THAN CURE who were vaccinated still have Hepatitis B vaccines are currently protective antibodies 10 years after available for prevention of HBV vaccination.infection. Because of its ability to prevent serious liver diseases, this Hepatitis B infection is so serious that vaccine has been recognised as the lack of treatment may lead to first anti-cancer vaccine. It provides a cirrhosis, liver cancer, liver failure and long term protection though the eventually death, among those with development of anti-bodies against chronic infection. Hence there is an the virus. However, vaccines are not urgent need to protect ourselves and useful for an individual already families especially our children. chronically infected (HbsAg positive). To complete the regimen, the first As preventive measures, pregnant vaccine is followed by 2 others at one women must be tested for the virus and six month interval. before giving birth and all babies to

have vaccination. Babies who were Other preparations may have born from mothers, who are carriers, different schedules. The important still have the chance to actually not thing is for one to complete the contracting the disease. It is vital that vaccination schedules to benefit fully. they are immune at an early stage so Ideally a post vaccination test is they won't develop infection in the conducted one or two months after future. Vaccination remains the best completion of the vaccine series to option in its management because of check if the body has already the high cost and long treatment with developed antibodies against the the available antiviral drugs. This virus. Booster doses after completion essential information and awareness of the original schedule are not may save thousand lives from the routinely recommended because fatal outcome of the HEPA B infection. studies show that infants and teens Thank you.

This editor was 'silly' enough to have ruptured his left-knee's quadriceps

rdtendon, last 23 April 2007, while walking his dog 'Willy' on a mountain-hike.

The patellar tendon attaches to the tibia tubercle on the front of the tibia (shin bone) just below the front of the knee. It also is attached to the bottom of the patella (kneecap). At the top of the patella, the quadriceps tendon is attached. At the tope of the quadriceps tendon is the quadriceps muscle. The quadriceps muscle is the large muscle on the front of the thigh. As the quadriceps muscle contracts (shortens), it pulls on the quadriceps tendon, the patella, the patellar tendon, and the tibia to move the knee from a flexed (bent) position to an extended (straight) position. Conversely, when the quadriceps muscle relaxes, it lengthens. This allows the knee to move from a position of extension (straight) to a position of flexion (bent).

It took a four-hour surgery to have the damage under control. The orthopaedic surgeon told him he would have him on his feet within four weeks flat. And did he? Yes! The casualty had to sell off his car to foot his bill.

Action Point: Accidents don't come by appointment; they just happen. Never walk on a mountain trek reading your last-before-printing bulletin - instead of minding your next step.

pyramidal progression when he is MURPHOLOGY already in the company of: (1) a (Humour, Wit or Wisdom?) date, (2) his wife,

(3) a better looking and richer .When several reporters share a male friend

cab on an assignment, the .The only imperfect thing in nature reporter at the front seat pays for is the human raceall .Nothing is ever accomplished by .No matter how many reporters a reasonable man

share a cab, and no matter who .Trivial matters are handled pays, each puts the full fare on his promptly; important matters are own expense account never solved.Men and nations will act rationally .Once a job is fouled up, anything

when all other possibilities have done to improve it only makes it been exhausted worse.Nobody really cares or .The one who does the least work

understands what anyone else is will get the most creditdoing .When all else fails, try the boss's .The probability of a young man suggestion

meeting a desirable receptive .Anyone who is popular is bound young female increases by to be disliked

An Emerging Public Health ThreatHepatitis B Infection

QUOTATIONS

ROT FN INEC

ROT FN INEC

ME ENG TA IN NA C.M

ME ENG TA IN NA C.M

Most emissions from homes are from the 6. Wrap your water heater in an insulation 12. Insulate and weatherize your home

fossil fuels burned to generate electricity and blanket Properly insulating your walls and ceilings

heat. By using energy more efficiently at You'll save 1,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a can save 25% of your home heating bill and home, you can reduce your emissions and year with this simple action. You can save 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a year.

lower your energy bills by more than 30%. another 550 pounds per year by setting the Caulking and weather-stripping can save In addition, since agriculture is responsible thermostat no higher than 120 degrees another 1,700 pounds per year. The for about a fifth of the world's greenhouse gas Fahrenheit. Consumers' Federations' have more

emissions, you can reduce your emissions information on how to better insulate your simply by watching what you eat. 7. Use less hot water home.

It takes a lot of energy to heat

Here's how: water. You can use less hot 13. Be sure you're 1. Replace a regular water by installing a low flow showerhead recycling at home

incandescent light bulb (350 pounds of carbon dioxide saved per You can save 2,400 pounds with a compact fluorescent year) and washing your clothes in cold or of carbon dioxide a year by light bulb (cfl) warm water (500 pounds saved per year) recycling half of the waste

CFLs use 60% less energy instead of hot. your household generates. than a regular bulb. This simple switch will save 8. Use a clothesline instead 14. Buy recycled paper products

about 300 pounds of carbon dioxide a year. If of a dryer whenever It takes less 70 to 90% less energy to make every family in the U.S. made the switch, we'd possible recycled paper and it prevents the loss of

reduce carbon dioxide by more than 90 billion You can save 700 pounds of forests worldwide.pounds! carbon dioxide when you air

dry your clothes for 6 months out of the year. 15. Plant a tree

2. Move your thermostat A single tree will absorb down 2° in winter and 9. Turn off electronic devices you're not one ton of carbon dioxide

up 2° in summer using over its lifetime. Shade

Almost half of the energy Simply turning off your television, DVD player, provided by trees can also reduce your air we use in our homes stereo, and computer when you're not using conditioning bill by 10 to 15%.

goes to heating and cooling. You could save them will save you thousands of pounds of

about 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a year carbon dioxide a year. 16. Get a home energy audit with this simple adjustment. Your local Many utilities offer free home energy audits to

Energy Council has more tips for saving 10. Unplug electronics from find where your home is poorly insulated or energy on heating and cooling. the wall when you're not energy inefficient. You can save up to 30% off

using them your energy bill and 1,000 pounds of carbon

3. Clean or replace Even when turned off, things dioxide a year. filters on your furnace like hairdryers, cell phone

and air conditioner chargers and televisions use energy. In fact, 17. Switch to green power

Cleaning a dirty air filter the energy used to keep display clocks lit and In many areas, you can switch to energy can save 350 pounds of memory chips working accounts for 5 percent generated by clean, renewable sources such

carbon dioxide a year. of total domestic energy consumption and as wind and solar.spews 18 million tons of carbon into the

4. Install a programmable thermostat atmosphere every year! 18. Buy locally grown and

Programmable thermostats will automatically produced foods lower the heat or air conditioning at night and 11. Only run your Buying locally will save fuel

raise them again in the morning. They can dishwasher when there's a and keep money in your

save you $100 a year on your energy bill. full load and use the community.energy-saving setting

5. Choose energy efficient appliances You can save 100 pounds of 19. Buy fresh foods instead of frozen when making new purchases carbon dioxide per year. Frozen food uses 10 times more energy to Choose the most efficient models. If each produce.

household in the U.S. replaced its existing

appliances with the most efficient models

available, we'd eliminate 175 million tons of

carbon dioxide emissions every year!

! The regret of a gentleman is not leaving a legacy after he is gone

! It is DIFFICULT to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his NOT UNDERSTANDING it

! As I would not be a slave, so I would not be a Master

! Almost every crisis contains within itself the seeds of success as well as the roots of failure

! The only way to atone for being occasionally overdressed is by always being absolutely over educated

! Next week there can't be any crisis. My schedule is already full

Quotes on Leadership and Vision

! "If you do not know where you are going, every road will get you nowhere." -

Henry Kissinger

! "You gain strength, courage and confidence by every experience in which you really stop to look fear in the face. You must do the thing you think you cannot do."

Eleanor Roosevelt

! "Don't be afraid to take a big step when one is indicated. You can't cross a chasm in two small steps."

David Lloyd George

! "Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, concerned citizens can change world. Indeed it is the only thing that ever has."

- Margaret Mead

Reduce your impact at home

Reduce your impact while on the move

20. Seek out and support local farmers 22. Avoid heavily packaged products

markets You can save 1,200 pounds of carbon dioxide if They reduce the amount of energy required to you cut down your garbage by 10%.grow and transport the food to you by one fifth.

23. Eat less meat 21. Buy organic foods as much as possible Methane is the second most

Organic soils capture and store carbon dioxide significant greenhouse gas and

at much higher levels than soils from cows are one of the greatest conventional farms. If we grew all of our corn methane emitters. Their grassy diet and

and soybeans organically, we'd remove 580 multiple stomachs cause them to produce billion pounds of carbon dioxide from the methane, which they exhale with every breath.atmosphere!

Almost one third of the carbon dioxide comes gas mileage by more than 3%. Since every from our cars, trucks and airplanes. Here are gallon of gasoline saved keeps 20 pounds of some simple, practical things you can do to carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere, every

reduce the amount of carbon dioxide you increase in fuel efficiency makes a difference!produce while on the move.

28. When it is time for a new

4. Reduce the number of car, choose a more fuel miles you drive by walking, efficient vehicle

biking, carpooling or taking You can save 3,000 pounds mass transit wherever of carbon dioxide every year if your new car possible gets only 3 miles per gallon more than your

Avoiding just 10 miles of driving every week current one. You can get up to 60 miles per would eliminate about 500 pounds of carbon gallon with a hybrid!dioxide emissions a year!

29. Try car sharing25. Start a carpool with your coworkers or Need a car but don't want to buy one?

classmates Community car sharing organizations provide

Sharing a ride with someone just 2 days a week access to a car and your membership fee will reduce your carbon dioxide emissions by covers gas, maintenance and insurance.

1,590 pounds a year. 30. Try telecommuting from home

26. Keep your car tuned up Telecommuting can help you drastically reduce

Regular maintenance helps improve fuel the number of miles you drive every week. efficiency and reduces emissions. When just 1% of car owners properly maintain their cars, 31. Fly less

nearly a billion pounds of carbon dioxide are Air travel produces large kept out of the atmosphere. amounts of emissions so

reducing how much you fly 27. Check your tires weekly by even one or two trips a to make sure they're year can reduce your emissions significantly.

properly inflated Thank you for your attention. Ed.Proper inflation can improve

>'During debate, and while the If democracy can be defined as chairperson is speaking or the rule by the majority, which does Assembly is engaged in voting, no not infringe on or jeopardise the member is permitted to disturb rights of minorities, this book can the Assembly by whispering, or justifiably claim to point the ways

Others, like the motion to walking across the floor; or in any in which democracy can best be reconsider a debatable question, other way…' practically achieved in a public may not be amended. Rules of this forum.type are practical in that they assist >'Never interrupt members while in avoiding long discussion of speaking, simply because you Robert's Rules of Order strikes a topics that are tangential to the know more about the matter than successful balance between the purpose of a meeting. they do; never get excited; never preservation of individual liberties

be unjust to the most and the proper functioning of Rules of conduct such as the troublesome member; nor take assemblies. Judging from the following, today too often advantage of his ignorance of the endurance of the work, one can honoured in the breach rather than law, even though a temporary expect it to continue to enjoy the the observance, are plainly good is accomplished thereby.' same importance for organisations requisites of common courtesy as in the future. well as underpinnings of order:

Robert's Rules of Order

cont'd from 2

cont'd from 4

Political will is a renewable resource - take action

(addressed to the U.S. market)

Order! Order!

QUOTATIONS

ROT FN INEC

ROT FN INEC

ME ENG TA IN NA C.M

ME ENG TA IN NA C.M

Most emissions from homes are from the 6. Wrap your water heater in an insulation 12. Insulate and weatherize your home

fossil fuels burned to generate electricity and blanket Properly insulating your walls and ceilings

heat. By using energy more efficiently at You'll save 1,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a can save 25% of your home heating bill and home, you can reduce your emissions and year with this simple action. You can save 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a year.

lower your energy bills by more than 30%. another 550 pounds per year by setting the Caulking and weather-stripping can save In addition, since agriculture is responsible thermostat no higher than 120 degrees another 1,700 pounds per year. The for about a fifth of the world's greenhouse gas Fahrenheit. Consumers' Federations' have more

emissions, you can reduce your emissions information on how to better insulate your simply by watching what you eat. 7. Use less hot water home.

It takes a lot of energy to heat

Here's how: water. You can use less hot 13. Be sure you're 1. Replace a regular water by installing a low flow showerhead recycling at home

incandescent light bulb (350 pounds of carbon dioxide saved per You can save 2,400 pounds with a compact fluorescent year) and washing your clothes in cold or of carbon dioxide a year by light bulb (cfl) warm water (500 pounds saved per year) recycling half of the waste

CFLs use 60% less energy instead of hot. your household generates. than a regular bulb. This simple switch will save 8. Use a clothesline instead 14. Buy recycled paper products

about 300 pounds of carbon dioxide a year. If of a dryer whenever It takes less 70 to 90% less energy to make every family in the U.S. made the switch, we'd possible recycled paper and it prevents the loss of

reduce carbon dioxide by more than 90 billion You can save 700 pounds of forests worldwide.pounds! carbon dioxide when you air

dry your clothes for 6 months out of the year. 15. Plant a tree

2. Move your thermostat A single tree will absorb down 2° in winter and 9. Turn off electronic devices you're not one ton of carbon dioxide

up 2° in summer using over its lifetime. Shade

Almost half of the energy Simply turning off your television, DVD player, provided by trees can also reduce your air we use in our homes stereo, and computer when you're not using conditioning bill by 10 to 15%.

goes to heating and cooling. You could save them will save you thousands of pounds of

about 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide a year carbon dioxide a year. 16. Get a home energy audit with this simple adjustment. Your local Many utilities offer free home energy audits to

Energy Council has more tips for saving 10. Unplug electronics from find where your home is poorly insulated or energy on heating and cooling. the wall when you're not energy inefficient. You can save up to 30% off

using them your energy bill and 1,000 pounds of carbon

3. Clean or replace Even when turned off, things dioxide a year. filters on your furnace like hairdryers, cell phone

and air conditioner chargers and televisions use energy. In fact, 17. Switch to green power

Cleaning a dirty air filter the energy used to keep display clocks lit and In many areas, you can switch to energy can save 350 pounds of memory chips working accounts for 5 percent generated by clean, renewable sources such

carbon dioxide a year. of total domestic energy consumption and as wind and solar.spews 18 million tons of carbon into the

4. Install a programmable thermostat atmosphere every year! 18. Buy locally grown and

Programmable thermostats will automatically produced foods lower the heat or air conditioning at night and 11. Only run your Buying locally will save fuel

raise them again in the morning. They can dishwasher when there's a and keep money in your

save you $100 a year on your energy bill. full load and use the community.energy-saving setting

5. Choose energy efficient appliances You can save 100 pounds of 19. Buy fresh foods instead of frozen when making new purchases carbon dioxide per year. Frozen food uses 10 times more energy to Choose the most efficient models. If each produce.

household in the U.S. replaced its existing

appliances with the most efficient models

available, we'd eliminate 175 million tons of

carbon dioxide emissions every year!

! The regret of a gentleman is not leaving a legacy after he is gone

! It is DIFFICULT to get a man to understand something when his salary depends upon his NOT UNDERSTANDING it

! As I would not be a slave, so I would not be a Master

! Almost every crisis contains within itself the seeds of success as well as the roots of failure

! The only way to atone for being occasionally overdressed is by always being absolutely over educated

! Next week there can't be any crisis. My schedule is already full

Quotes on Leadership and Vision

! "If you do not know where you are going, every road will get you nowhere." -

Henry Kissinger

! "You gain strength, courage and confidence by every experience in which you really stop to look fear in the face. You must do the thing you think you cannot do."

Eleanor Roosevelt

! "Don't be afraid to take a big step when one is indicated. You can't cross a chasm in two small steps."

David Lloyd George

! "Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful, concerned citizens can change world. Indeed it is the only thing that ever has."

- Margaret Mead

Reduce your impact at home

Reduce your impact while on the move

20. Seek out and support local farmers 22. Avoid heavily packaged products

markets You can save 1,200 pounds of carbon dioxide if They reduce the amount of energy required to you cut down your garbage by 10%.grow and transport the food to you by one fifth.

23. Eat less meat 21. Buy organic foods as much as possible Methane is the second most

Organic soils capture and store carbon dioxide significant greenhouse gas and

at much higher levels than soils from cows are one of the greatest conventional farms. If we grew all of our corn methane emitters. Their grassy diet and

and soybeans organically, we'd remove 580 multiple stomachs cause them to produce billion pounds of carbon dioxide from the methane, which they exhale with every breath.atmosphere!

Almost one third of the carbon dioxide comes gas mileage by more than 3%. Since every from our cars, trucks and airplanes. Here are gallon of gasoline saved keeps 20 pounds of some simple, practical things you can do to carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere, every

reduce the amount of carbon dioxide you increase in fuel efficiency makes a difference!produce while on the move.

28. When it is time for a new

4. Reduce the number of car, choose a more fuel miles you drive by walking, efficient vehicle

biking, carpooling or taking You can save 3,000 pounds mass transit wherever of carbon dioxide every year if your new car possible gets only 3 miles per gallon more than your

Avoiding just 10 miles of driving every week current one. You can get up to 60 miles per would eliminate about 500 pounds of carbon gallon with a hybrid!dioxide emissions a year!

29. Try car sharing25. Start a carpool with your coworkers or Need a car but don't want to buy one?

classmates Community car sharing organizations provide

Sharing a ride with someone just 2 days a week access to a car and your membership fee will reduce your carbon dioxide emissions by covers gas, maintenance and insurance.

1,590 pounds a year. 30. Try telecommuting from home

26. Keep your car tuned up Telecommuting can help you drastically reduce

Regular maintenance helps improve fuel the number of miles you drive every week. efficiency and reduces emissions. When just 1% of car owners properly maintain their cars, 31. Fly less

nearly a billion pounds of carbon dioxide are Air travel produces large kept out of the atmosphere. amounts of emissions so

reducing how much you fly 27. Check your tires weekly by even one or two trips a to make sure they're year can reduce your emissions significantly.

properly inflated Thank you for your attention. Ed.Proper inflation can improve

>'During debate, and while the If democracy can be defined as chairperson is speaking or the rule by the majority, which does Assembly is engaged in voting, no not infringe on or jeopardise the member is permitted to disturb rights of minorities, this book can the Assembly by whispering, or justifiably claim to point the ways

Others, like the motion to walking across the floor; or in any in which democracy can best be reconsider a debatable question, other way…' practically achieved in a public may not be amended. Rules of this forum.type are practical in that they assist >'Never interrupt members while in avoiding long discussion of speaking, simply because you Robert's Rules of Order strikes a topics that are tangential to the know more about the matter than successful balance between the purpose of a meeting. they do; never get excited; never preservation of individual liberties

be unjust to the most and the proper functioning of Rules of conduct such as the troublesome member; nor take assemblies. Judging from the following, today too often advantage of his ignorance of the endurance of the work, one can honoured in the breach rather than law, even though a temporary expect it to continue to enjoy the the observance, are plainly good is accomplished thereby.' same importance for organisations requisites of common courtesy as in the future. well as underpinnings of order:

Robert's Rules of Order

cont'd from 2

cont'd from 4

Political will is a renewable resource - take action

(addressed to the U.S. market)

Order! Order!

CENTRO-NEWS

ROT FN INEC

ROT FN INEC

ME ENG TA IN NA C.M

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Articles written in this bulletin do not necessarily reflect the views or policies of CENTROFIN.DISCLAIMER. The contents provided herewith are for general information purposes only; not intended to replace or otherwise contradict the detailed instructions issued by the owners, flag etc.

Editor: Cmdr Nicholas A. Iliopoulos Staff Captain - Human Resources Manager Tel: +30.210 8983.305 Fax: +30.210 8983.231 E-mail: [email protected] www.wavelength.info.ms/Design-Production: www.paradox.com.gr Tel: +30.210 6560.832

Comments? The Wavelength welcomes readers' responses to all articles and editorials. Wavelength

This is a first class workbook worth having into your library; whether you are a As one makes its way through the 'workbook' one should keep in mind four follower who is just beginning to discover the impact of leadership or a natural ideas:leader who already has followers. Each law is like a tool, ready to be picked up 1. The laws can be learned. Some laws are easier to understand and apply than and used to help to achieve one's dreams and add value to other people. Master others, but every one of them can be acquired. them all and people will gladly follow you. Leadership is leadership, no matter 2. The laws can stand alone. Each law complements all the others, but you where you go or what you do. Times change. Technology matches forward. don't need one in order to learn another. Cultures vary from place to place. But the true principles of leadership are 3. The laws carry consequences with them. Apply the laws and people will constant whether you are looking at the citizens of ancient Greece, the armies follow you. Violate or ignore them and you will not be able to lead others. of the last two hundred years, the rulers of modern Europe, or the business 4. The laws are the foundations of leadership. Once you learn the principles people of today's global economy. Leadership principles stand the test of time. you have to practice them and apply them to your life.They are irrefutable; and apply from the largest global corporations to the one

Here below is a brief description of the Laws:vessel's crew.

The 21 Irrefutable LAWS OF LEADERSHIP Workbook by John C. Maxwell (Management & Leadership)

1.- THE LAW OF THE LID 12.- THE LAW OF EMPOWERMENT

Leadership Determines a Person's Level of Effectiveness Only Secure Leaders Give Power to Others2.- THE LAW OF INFLUENCE 13.- THE LAW OF REPRODUCTION

The True Measure of Leadership is Influence Nothing More, Nothing Less It Takes a Leader to Raise Up a Leader3.- THE LAW OF PROCESS 14.- THE LAW OF BUY-IN Leadership Develops Daily, Not in a Day People Buy into the Leader, Then the Vision

4.- THE LAW OF NAVIGATION 15.- THE LAW OF VICTORY Anyone Can Steer the 'Ship', But It Takes a Leader to Chart the Course Leaders Find a Way for the Team to Win#

5.- THE LAW OF E.F. HUTTON 16.- THE LAW OF THE BIG MO

When the Real Leader Speaks, People Listen Momentum Is a Leader's Best Friend6.- THE LAW OF SOLID GROUND 17.- THE LAW OF PRIORITIES

Trust is the Foundation of Leadership Leaders Understand That Activity Is Not Necessarily Accomplishment7.- THE LAW OF RESPECT 18.- THE LAW OF SACRIFICE People Naturally Follow Leaders Stronger Than Themselves A Leader Must Give Up to Go Up

8.- THE LAW OF INTUITION 19.- THE LAW OF TIMING Leaders Evaluate Everything with a Leadership Bias When to Lead Is As Important As What to Do and Where to Go9.- THE LAW OF MAGNETISM 20.- THE LAW OF EXPLOSIVE GROWTH

Who You Are Is Who You Attract To Add to Growth, Lead Followers To Multiply, Lead Leaders10.- THE LAW OF CONNECTION 21.- THE LAW OF LEGACY

Leaders Touch a Heart Before They Ask for a Hand A Leader's Lasting Value Is Measured by Succession.-

11.- THE LAW OF INNER CIRCLE A Leader's Potential Is Determined by Those Closest to Him