W IND –2– H 2 O MECH 4010: Design I Group 12: Jeffrey Allen Daniel Barker Andrew Hildebrand Supervised by: Dr. Alex Kalamkarov Client: Dr. Graham Gagnon.

WIND –2– H2OMECH 4010: Design I

Group 12: Jeffrey Allen Daniel Barker

Andrew Hildebrand

Supervised by: Dr. Alex Kalamkarov Client: Dr. Graham Gagnon

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Presentation Agenda

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Background

Design Requirements & Selection

Design & Analysis

Budget

Questions

Design CompetitionProject inspired by theme of 2008 Design Competition

posed by WERC: A Consortium for Environmental Education and Technology Development

Competition held at New Mexico State University

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Competition Design ChallengeDesign a device that uses wind power

to directly power the filtration of brackish water

i.e. no generation of electricity

Interdisciplinary Collaboration

Working with a team of two CivilEngineering students: Matt Follett

Dannica Switzer

Responsible for water filtration system

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Design Requirements

• Must start pumping at winds > 4 m/s

• Must produce minimum water Pressure of approximately 517 kPa (75 psi)

• Must have over speed control to prevent catastrophic failure

• Designed for constant use in remote locations

• Contain pump components

Suitable for contact with brackish water

• Scale prototype to fit within 10 x 10 ft area (WERC Competition regulation)

• Constructed from off the shelf materials

• Contain no electrical components

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Design Selection: Wind Power

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Source: P.L. Frankel, 1986

Design Selection: Water Pump

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Final Design: Overall

Windmill-Pump Matching

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Source: P.L. Frankel, 1986

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Water Pump Selection

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Selected pump to have:

• Piston diameter of 1 7/8” • Pump stroke of 3”

Source: Liu, Park, Magita, Qui, 2008

Source: www.deanbennettsupply.com

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Final Design: Blades

• Design for increased torque

• Blade Twist Angle: 27°

• Mount Angle: 52°

• Solidity Ratio: 0.75

Finite Element Analysis: Blades

Thrust Load and Constraints

Nodal Displacements13

Finite Element Analysis: Blades

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Final Design: Wheel & Hub

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Final Design: Gear Box

Final Design: Over-Speed Protection

• Calculated critical stress in different components of the turbine at different wind speeds • Stress in turbine components reaches critical value at 11 m/s

• Cutout wind speed = 11 m/s

• Furling mechanism to activate at 11 m/s

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Final Design: Furling System Main components and factors affecting furling system design are:

• Swept Area and Weight of Turbine Blades

• Tail Fin Area

• Tail Weight and Length

• Tail Offset Angles

• Offset Distances from the Center of Rotation

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Swept Area and Weight of Turbine Blades

• The swept area of the turbine was selected to be 4.91m2

• Weight of the turbine blades (aluminum) and hub assembly (steel) was calculated in Solid Edge

• Total weight of assembly is approximately 50 kg

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Tail Fin Area, Weight & Length • The resulting area to create this moment at 11 m/s was found to be 0.48 m2

The optimum tail weight and length werecalculated as:

• Weight 14 kg • Length 1.8 m • Provides required moment 246.96 N m∙

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Tail Offset Angles

• A vertical offset angle of 13.7 degrees assists the blades back into the wind

• Horizontal offset angle of 20 degrees is included to make the required force on the tail fin

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Offset from Center of Rotation

• A distance of 76 mm from vertical axis to the turbine axis was used due to the gear ratio, crank arm length

• Based on the tail weight and area, the tail was mounted at a distance of 1.8m from the vertical axis in order to achieve the required total moment arm

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Budget

Pumping System = $593.63

Blade/Wheel Assembly = $610.31

Gearbox Assembly = $692.35

Tail/Furling Assembly = $253.65

Miscellaneous Costs = $846.35

Total = $2996.29Acquired Funding = $2000.00

Required Fundraising = $996.29

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Acknowledgements

Special Thanks to: Dr. Joshua Leon Dr. Graham Gagnon Dr. Alexander Kalamkarov

Dr. Julio Militzer

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