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PUBLICATION NO.

AAMA 625-XX

Draft #6

Dated 11/30/2017

Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for Superior

Performance Organic Coatings on Fiber Reinforced Thermoset Profiles

This voluntary specification was developed by representative members of AAMA as advisory information and published as a public service. AAMA disclaims all liability for the use, application or adaptation of materials published herein.

© Copyright 2018 American Architectural Manufacturers Association

1900 East Golf Road, Schaumburg, IL 60173 Phone: 847/303-5664

E-Mail: [email protected] Web Site: www.aamanet.org

AAMA 624-XX, Draft #6, Dated 11/30/2017 Page i

TABLE OF CONTENTS

0.0 PREFACE ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1.0 SCOPE ................................................................................................................................................ 1 2.0 PURPOSE ........................................................................................................................................... 1 3.0 REFERENCED STANDARDS .............................................................................................................. 1 4.0 DEFINITIONS ...................................................................................................................................... 3 5.0 GENERAL ............................................................................................................................................ 3 6.0 TEST SPECIMENS .............................................................................................................................. 5 7.0 TESTS ................................................................................................................................................. 5 8.0 TEST REPORT AND RESULTS ........................................................................................................ 20

mailto:[email protected]

AAMA 625-XX, Draft #6, Dated 11/30/2017 Page 1

0.0 PREFACE

The architectural community has recognized the outstanding attributes associated with fiber reinforced thermoset profiles

for windows, doors and other related building products. Many of these profiles have organic applied coatings to provide

selected colors and enhance the durability. There are three performance specifications for applied organic coatings on

fiber reinforced thermoset profiles:

AAMA 623, Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for Organic Coatings on Fiber

Reinforced Thermoset Profiles,

AAMA 624, Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for High Performance Organic

Coatings on Fiber Reinforced Thermoset Profiles.

AAMA 625, Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for Superior Performance Organic


1.0 SCOPE

1.1 This specification describes test procedures and performance requirements for superior performance, organic,

coatings applied to fiber reinforced thermoset Profiles for windows, doors and similar other related building products.

1.2 This specification covers factory applied coatings.

1.3 The primary units of measure in this document are metric. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the

standard. The values given in parentheses are for reference only.

1.4 This document was developed in an open and consensus process and is maintained by representative members of

AAMA as advisory information.

2.0 PURPOSE

This specification is intended to assist the architect, owner and contractor to specify and obtain factory applied organic

coatings which will provide and maintain a superior level of performance in terms of film integrity, exterior durability and

general appearance over a period of many years.

3.0 REFERENCED STANDARDS

3.1 References to the standards listed below shall be to the edition indicated. Any undated reference to a code or standard

appearing in the requirements of this standard shall be interpreted as to referring to the latest edition of that code or

standard.


3.2 American Architectural Manufacturers Association (AAMA) AAMA 623-10, Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for Organic Coatings on Fiber

Reinforced Thermoset Profiles,

AAMA 624-10, Voluntary Specification, Performance Requirements and Test Procedures for High Performance Organic


AAMA 800-1610, Voluntary Specification and Test Method for Sealants

AAMA AG-1309, AAMA Glossary

3.3 ASTM International (ASTM) ASTM C207-06(2011), Standard Specification for Hydrated Lime for Masonry Purposes

ASTM D523-1408, Standard Test Method for Specular Gloss

ASTM D659-86, Standard Test Method of Evaluating Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paints

ASTM D714-02 (2009), Standard Test Method for Evaluating Degree of Blistering of Paints

ASTM D968-1505e1, Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Organic Coatings by Falling Abrasive

ASTM D1729-16, Standard Practice for Visual Appraisal of Colors and Color Differences of Diffusely-Illuminated Opaque

Materials

ASTM D2244-1609b, Standard Practice for Calculation of Color Tolerances and Color Differences from Instrumentally

Measured Color Coordinates

ASTM D2247-1510, Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings in 100% Relative Humidity

ASTM D2248- 01a(201307), Standard Practice for Detergent Resistance of Organic Finishes

ASTM D3359-09e02, Standard Test Methods for Measuring Adhesion by Tape Test

ASTM D3363-05(2011)e2, Standard Test Method for Film Hardness by Pencil Test


ASTM D4138-07a(2013), Standard Test MethodPractices for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Protective Coating

Systems by Destructive, Cross-Sectioning Means

ASTM D4214-07(2015), Standard Test Methods for Evaluating the Degree of Chalking of Exterior Paint Films

ASTM D4541-09e1, Standard Test Method for Pull-Off Strength of Coatings Using Portable Adhesion Testers

ASTM D4585/D4585M-1307, Standard Practice for Testing Water Resistance of Coatings Using Controlled Condensation

ASTM D5179-1602 (2008), Standard Test Method for Measuring Adhesion of Organic Coatings to Plastic Substrates by

Direct Tensile Testing

ASTM D5420-16, Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Flat, Rigid Plastic Specimen by Means of a Striker

Impacted by a Falling Weight (Gardner Impact)

ASTM D5796-10(2015)03, Standard Test Method for Measurement of Dry Film Thickness of Thin- Film Coil-Coated

Systems by Destructive Means Using a Boring Device.

ASTM G90-10, Standard Practice for Performing Accelerated Outdoor Weathering of Nonmetallic Materials Using

Concentrated Natural Sunlight.

ASTM G179-04(2011), Standard Specification for Metal Black Panel and White Panel Temperature Devices for Natural

Weathering Tests

4.0 DEFINITIONS

4.1 The terms "film" and "coating" are used interchangeably in this specification and are defined as meaning the layer of

organic material applied to the surface of the fiber reinforced thermoset profiles.

4.2 Checking – A kind of coating failure in which many small cracks appear in the surface of the coating.

4.3 Crazing - aA network of checks or cracks appearing on a coated surface. Crazing is a phenomenon that frequently

precedes fracture in some glassy thermoplastic polymers. Crazing happens when a glaze or coating is under tension.

4.42 For all additional definitions, please refer to the AAMA Glossary (AG-1309).

5.0 GENERAL

5.1 To qualify as meeting this specification, products tested shall meet all requirements as specified herein.


5.2 Applied coatings shall be visibly free from flow lines, streaks, blisters or other surface imperfections in the dry-film state

on exposed surfaces when observed at a distance of 3 m (10 ft) from the coated surface, and inspected at an angle of 90°

to the surface.

5.3 Total dry-film thickness, as measured in accordance with ASTM D4138 or ASTM D5796, on exposed surfaces, except

inside corners and channels, shall meet the coating manufacturer’s recommendations. The manufacturer’s targeted

nominal thickness and allowable tolerance shall be noted in the lab report and the coating shall be measured for

compliance to this nominal value.

5.3 Total dry-film thickness on exposed surfaces, except inside corners and channels, shall be a minimum of 30 microns

(1.2 mils) total film thickness on significant exposed surfaces or greater if required by the coating manufacturer.

5.3.1 Measurement areas over a single test specimen taken according to ASTM D4138 shall be evenly dispersed over the

significant exposed area. 80% of those measurements shall meet or exceed the minimum dry film thickness. In no case

shall measurements be below 25 microns (1.0. mil) or 85% of film thickness required by the coating manufacturerspecified.

On multiple coat applications involving a primer, the topcoat shall be 25 microns (1.0 mil) minimum with a primer of 7.5 ±

2.5 microns (0.3 ± 0.1 mil). Film thickness specified may be increased to be consistent with color selection and type of

coating as recommended by the coating manufacturer.

NOTE 1: Due to the profile complexities and limitations of application equipment, it may not be possible to achieve

minimum recommended dry film thickness on all areas of a profile, such as inside corners and channels. For details of

these affected areas, contact the coating applicator prior to application of the coating.

5.4 Cleaning and surface preparation shall be as recommended by the coating and substrate suppliers to ensure

compliance with the performance requirements.

5.5 Minor scratches and blemishes shall be repairable with the coating manufacturer’s recommended product or system.

Such repair product or system shall match the original finish for color and gloss. Specimen testing of the repair procedure

shall demonstrate adhesion to the original finish when tested as outlined in Section 7.4.21.1, Dry Adhesion Procedure for

Thin and Thick Coatings.

NOTE 2: The size and number of touch-up repairs should be kept to a minimum.

5.6 Sealant used in contact with an organic coating shall be compatible with the organic coating and meet the performance

requirements of the AAMA 800 Voluntary Specifications and Test Methods for SealantsSealant Specification. There shall

be no evidence of deleterious effects on the organic coating such as staining, coating separation, lifting, discoloration or

loss of adhesion of the coating from the substrate.

NOTE 3: The fabricator of the finished products should consult the sealant supplier in selection of sealant which will exhibit

adequate adhesion to the coated surface. Panel specimens of the specific coating to be used should be submitted to the

sealant manufacturer for tests and recommendations. Peel adhesion testing as described in AAMA 800 is suggested.


5.7 Color measurements shall be made in accordance with AAMA CMR-1.use the Hunter scale. Also see Section 7.1.3.

6.0 TEST SPECIMENS

A minimum of 30 specimens shall be representative of the fiber reinforced thermoset substrates used in production.

Submitted test specimens shall be a minimum of 150 mm (6 in) long and preferably 50 mm (2 in) wide with flat coated

surfaces on which to conduct instrument measurements. The coating applicator shall indicate exposed surfaces or submit

drawings. Tests shall be performed on exposed areas as indicated on drawings or as marked on test specimens.

7.0 TESTS

7.1 Color Uniformity

7.1.1 Principle

The purpose of this test is to provide a method to ensure colors ofin production applied coatings match the expectations

of the specifier. Although instrumental color measurements are recommended in many applications, visual observations

under controlled lighting conditions are useful in production environments for determining significant color mismatches and

uniformity throughout a profile.

7.1.21 Procedure

Check random specimens visually under a CIE Standard Illuminant D65/10° uniform light source, according to ASTM

D1729 such as a MacBeth daylight lamp or the North daylight sky. Specimens shall meet minimum dry-film thickness

requirements and should be viewed head-onperpendicular to the coated surface.

7.1.32 Performance

Color uniformity shall be consistent with the color range or numerical value as established between the approval source

and the applicator.

NOTE 4: Color and finish appearance may vary upon factory application due to differences in equipment, line conditions

or day-to-day process variations. It is strongly recommended that final color approval limits be made with actual production

line specimens or mock-ups, not laboratory prepared color specimens. Since flake orientation contributes to color

uniformity, pearlescent, mica and metallic flake colors do present the need for more stringent control in application and

consideration during project design and installation.

7.2 Specular Gloss

7.2.1 Principle


Gloss represents the ability of a surface to reflect light at the same angle of incidence as the incoming source. High gloss

surfaces scatter less light than low gloss surfaces. A gloss specification can be important because visual perception of

color can be significantly affected by the glossiness of the surface. Furthermore, change in gloss of a surface over time

may be an early indicator of degradation of, or physical damage to the finish.

7.2.21 Procedure

Measurement shall be in accordance with the latest issue of ASTM D523, using a 60° gGloss mMeter. and using reflective

specular included readings (RSIN). Specimens shallSamples must meet the minimum dry film thickness requirements.

7.2.32 Performance

Gloss values shall be within ± 5 units of the manufacturer's specification.Gloss values on the test specimen shall be within

± five units of manufacturer’s recommended values.

NOTE 5: Standard gloss range reference values are:

Gloss Specular Gloss Units High Medium Low

80-Over 20-79 19 or less

7.3 Dry Film Hardness

7.3.1 Principle

ASTM D3363 describes a procedure for determining the dry film hardness of a coating by using a series of standard pencil

leads of varying hardness to attempt to scratch the surface. The film hardness rating is determined by the hardesthighest

rated pencil lead that fails to penetrate or gouge the coating film all the way to the substrate. This is a different rating from

a scratch rating which is determined by the hardesthighest rated pencil lead that fails to scratch or indent the surface.

7.3.21 Procedure

Perform testing on a flat portion of the profile specimen. Ensure the specimen is firmly held in place. When testing profiles,

either cut a section of the specimen to create a flat area for testing or support the specimen such that it is held firmly in

place. Perform the test according to ASTM D3363. For certification purposes, ambient conditions in ASTM D3363 shall

apply; for quality control purposes, ambient conditions of approximately 18oC to 27oC (65oF to 80oF) are acceptable.

Strip wood from Berol Eagle Turquoise Pencil, or equivalent grade F minimum hardness, leaving a full diameter of lead

exposed to length of 6 mm (1/4 in) minimum to 10 mm (3/8 in) maximum. Flatten the end of the lead 90° to the pencil axis

using fine-grit sand or emery paper. Hold the pencil at a 45° angle to the film surface and push forward about 6 mm (1/4

in) using as much downward pressure as can be applied without breaking the lead. (Reference ASTM D3363.)

Commented [Julia1]: To avoid redundancy with second sentence I suggest “Testing shall be performed…”

Commented [TBaskin2R1]: Will address with next ballot


7.3.32 Performance

There shall be no rupture of through the film to the substrate when conducting the test with an F rated lead. Report the

make and grade of the pencil, or lead used in testing. Report both the gouge or cut and scratch hardness.

7.4 Film Adhesion

7.4.1 Principle

ASTM D3359 describes test procedures to determine how well a coating film adheres to its substrate. Method B requires

cutting parallel lines with a sharp blade and adhering a specific tape to the resulting grid pattern, which is often referred to

as a cross hatch. The tape is pulled off at a specified angle. Any loss of coating film within the grid is quantified and a

rating made accordingly. This method is used for coating thicknesses less than 125 micron (5.0 mils), referred to hereafter

as thin coatings.

For coating film thicknesses of 125 microns (5.0 mils) or greater, referred to hereafter as thick coatings, testing is performed

according to ASTM D4541 or D5179, which describe similar test procedures to determine how well a coating film adheres

to its substrate using a dolly pull method. A round metal plug (dolly) is adhered to the surface with a strong adhesive. In

the method referenced in this document, a pulling force is applied to the dolly until material delaminates from the specimen.

For a coating to pass this test, the surface area adhered to the dolly must contain substrate material and not solely the

coating film.

7.4.21 Dry Adhesion Procedure Procedure for Thin and Thick Coatings

7.4.21.1. Dry Adhesion Procedure for Thin Coatings

7.4.2.1.1 When testing profiles, either cut a section of the specimen to create a flat area for testing or support the specimen

such that it is held firmly in place while making the cuts

7.4.2.1.2 For coating thicknesses less than 125 micron (5.0 mils), perform the test according to ASTM D3359 Method B.

For coatings with a total dry film thickness of 50 microns (2.0 mils) or less, make 11 parallel cuts, 1 mm (1/16 in) apart

through the film. Make 11 similar cuts at a 90° angle to and crossing the first 11 cuts. For coatings with a total dry film

thickness between 50 micron (2.0 mils) and 125 micron (5.0 mils), space the cuts 2 mm (1/8 in) apart and make six parallel

cuts. Make six similar parallel cuts at a 90º angle to and across the first six cuts.

Apply tape (CHT-1 or agreed upon ASTM equivalent) over area of the cuts by pressing down firmly against the coating to

eliminate voids and air pockets. Then, sharply pull tape off at a right angle to the plane of the surface being tested. Test

pieces shall be at an ambient temperature approximately 18oC to 27oC (65oF to 80oF). (Reference ASTM D3359, Method

B, Tape Pull.)

7.4.21.1.3 1 Performance


The following exceptions and clarifications to ASTM D3359 Method B apply. When making the cuts, cut at a 45 degree

orientation to the fibers and cut with sufficient pressure to penetrate to the substrate while minimizing scoring of the

substrate. Pull the tape at a 90 degree angle relative to the specimen instead of the angle specified in ASTM D3359. For

certification purposes, ambient conditions in ASTM D3359 shall apply; for quality control purposes, ambient conditions of

approximately 18°C to 27°C (65°F to 80°F) are acceptable.

There shall be no removal of film under tape within or outside of cross-hatched area or blistering anywhere on the test

specimen. Report the loss of adhesion as a percentage of squares affected (i.e. 10 squares lifted as 10% failure).

7.4.21.2. Dry Adhesion Performance of Thin CoatingsProcedure

Count the number of squares that exhibit loss of coating. A minimum rating of 4B per ASTM D3359 shall be achieved.

Report the loss of adhesion as a percentage of the total squares of the cross hatch. There shall be no removal of film

under tape within or outside of cross-hatched area or blistering anywhere on the test specimen. If more than 10% of

squares exhibit substrate cohesive failure, testing shall be repeated with less scoring pressure.

For coatings with a film thickness between 50 micron (2.0 mils) and 125 micron (5.0 mils), space the cuts 2 mm (1/8 in)

apart and make six parallel cuts. Make six similar parallel cuts at a 90º angle to and across the first six cuts.

7.4.1.2.1 Performance

There shall be no removal of film under tape within or outside of cross-hatched area or blistering anywhere on test

specimen. Report the loss of adhesion as a percentage of squares affected (i.e. 10 squares lifted as 10% failure).

7.4.21.3. Dry Adhesion Procedure for Thick Coatings

For coatings with a total dry film thicknesses over of 125 microns (5.0 mils) or greater, use the dolly pull test method in

accordance with ASTM D5179 and ASTM D4541.Use a suitable adhesive to bond test dollies, which can be made of

aluminum or stainless steel, to the surface of the coating and providing a bond strength greater than the adhesive force of

the coating to the substrate. Apply a minimum of six dollies, which can be made from aluminum or steel, to a section

capable in size to perform the test and covering a minimum of 1.83 linear meters (8 linear feet) of profile. Allow for the

adhesive manufacturer’s recommended cure time and temperature before conducting the pull test.

A minimum of six valid pulls shall be achieved on the test surface. A valid pull consists of the adhesion of the coating to a

minimum of 50% of the dolly’s surface area.

7.4.2.41.3.1 Dry Adhesion Performance of Thick Coatings

A minimum of six valid pulls must be achieved on the test surface. A valid pull consists of the adhesion of the coating to a

minimum of 50% of the dolly’s surface area. Any adhesive failure in the bond between the dolly and coating shall not be

in excessive of 50% of the dolly surface area. The bonded surface shall exhibit delamination of substrate fiber, resin, fillers


or a combination of component from the profile. Of the six pulls, a minimum of five shall exhibit some evidence of substrate

removal for passing the adhesion performance.

7.4.32 Wet Adhesion

7.4.32.1 Wet Adhesion Procedure for Thin and Thick Coatings

Immerse the specimen in distilled or deionized water at 38oC (100°F) for 24 hours. Remove and wipe the specimen dry.

Repeat the adhesion test specified in Sections 7.4.21.1, 7.4.1.2 or 7.4.21.3 within thirty30 five minutes of the specimen

being dryremoved from water.

7.4.32.1.1 Wet Adhesion Performance of Thin Coatings

Performance shall meet requirements specified in Section 7.4.2.2.

For coatings of 50 microns (2.0 mils) or less, there shall be no removal of film under the tape within or outside of the cross-

hatched area or blistering anywhere on the test specimen. Report the loss of adhesion as a percentage of squares affected

(i.e. 10 squares lifted as 10% failure).


For Coatings with a film thickness between 50 microns (2.0 mils) and 125 microns (5.0 mils), there shall be no removal of

film under the tape with or outside to the cross hatched area or blistering anywhere on the test specimen. Report the loss

of adhesion as a percentage of the 25 squares.

7.4.32.1.23 Wet Adhesion Performance for Thick Coatings

Performance shall meet requirements specified in Section 7.4.2.4.For coatings over 125 microns (5 mils), a minimum of

five test pulls of six valid test dollies must exhibit substrate removal per Section 7.4.1.3.1.

7.4.43 Boiling Water Adhesion TestProcedure

7.4.43.1 Boiling Water Adhesion

Make cuts as outlined in Sections 7.4.21.1.2, 7.4.1.2 or as preparedation in Section 7.4.21.3. Immerse the sample in

boiling distilled or deionized water at 99ºC to 100ºC (210ºF to 212ºF) for 20 minutes. The water shall remaining boiling

throughout the test. Remove the sample and wipe dry. Repeat the dolly or tape-pull test in the specificedspecified section

(7.4.1.1, 7.4.1.2 or 7.4.1.3) within five minutes.


Performance shall meet requirements specified in Section 7.4.2.2.

Commented [TBaskin3]: Should read 38oC ±2º C?


For coatings of 50 microns (2.0 mils) or less, there shall be no removal of film under the tape within or outside of the cross-

hatched area or blistering anywhere on the test specimen. Report the loss of adhesion as a percentage of squares affected

(i.e. 10 squares lifted as 10% failure).


For Coatings with a film thickness between 50 microns (2.0 mils) and 125 microns (5.0 mils), there shall be no removal of

film under the tape with or outside to the cross hatched area or blistering anywhere on the test specimen. Report the loss

of adhesion as a percentage of the 25 squares.


For coatings over 125 microns (5 mils), a minimum of five (5) test pulls of six (6) valid test dollies must shall exhibit substrate

removal per Section 7.4.1.3.17.4.2.4.

NOTE 5: Fractured substrate adhering to the back of the coating should not be considered a coating failure when the tape

test is used.

NOTE 6: Color change may occur and is not part of this test

7.5 Direct Impact

7.5.1 Principle ASTM D5420 describes a method to compare relative ability of a material to resist deformation caused by physical impact

on a small area. In finishes standards, this test is useful in determining the ability of a coating or laminate to maintain

adhesion to the substrate after impact and applying a tape pull off test.

7.5.21 Procedure

Perform the test using a falling weight impactor, such as a Gardner Impact tester, with a 18 N-m (160 in-lb) range. Useing

a 16 mm (5/8 in) diameter round-nosed impact up, and a 16.3 mm support plate. This corresponds to geometry GC in

Table1 of ASTM D5420. Using a 1.8 kg (4lb) weight,tester 18 N-m (160 in-lb) range, such as a Gardner impact tester,

apply a 9 N-m (80 in-lb) load directly to the coated surface of the test specimen. Apply tape specified in Section 7.4 to the

coating (of sufficient size to cover the test area) by pressing down firmly against the area to be tested to eliminate voids

and air pockets. Sharply pull the tape off at a right angle to the plane of the surface being tested. The test specimen

temperature shall be 18oC to 27oC (65oF to 80oF).

7.5.32 Performance

There shall be no removal of film from substrate.


NOTE 7: Minute cracking at the perimeter of the impact area of the test specimen is permissible, but no coating pick-off

should be apparent. Performance does not include substrate fracture.

7.6 Abrasion Resistance

7.6.1 Principle

This test, specified as Method A in ASTM D968, determines the relative resistance to abrasion of a coating. A silica sand

is allowed to fall from a specified height onto a coated substrate until bare substrate is exposed. The volume of sand (in

liters) is divided by the coating thickness (in mils) to calculate the Abrasion cCoefficient.

7.6.21 Procedure

Using the falling sand test method, ASTM D968, the Abrasion Coefficient shall be carried out with up to 80 L of sand or

until the coating is abraded away as defined in the standard. If the coating withstands 80 L of sand, the test shall be

stopped. If less than 80 L of sand wears through the coating, the Abrasion Coefficient shall be calculated according to the

formula which follows:

Abrasion Coefficient – (Liters Per Mil) = V/T

Where: V = volume of sand used in liters T = thickness of coating in mils

7.6.32 Performance

The coating shall either withstand a volume of 80 L of sand or the Abrasion Coefficient Value of the coating shall be 40

minimum.

7.7 Chemical Resistance

7.7.1 Muriatic Acid Resistance (15 Minute Spot Test)

7.7.1.1 Principle

This test is designed to ensure coatings are resistant to cleaning products containing acids used to remove mineral

deposits or construction mortars. Specimens are exposed to muriatic (hydrochloric) acid, rinsed, and evaluated for loss of

adhesion and degraded color and gloss.

7.7.1.21 Procedure


Apply 10 drops of 10% (by volume) solution of muriatic acid (37% commercial grade hydrochloric acid) in tap water on the

specimen and cover with a watch glass, convex side up. Acid solution and test shall be conducted at 18oC to 27oC (65oF

to 80oF). After 15 minute exposure, wash off with running tap water. Conduct minimum of four tests.

7.7.1.32 Performance

There shall be no blistering. When comparing the exposed painted finished surface to the unexposed surface, there shall

be a minimum 90% gloss retention and a maximum color change of 5 ∆ E Units calculated in accordance with ASTM

D2244,

7.7.2 Mortar Resistance (24 Hour Pat Test)

7.7.2.1 Principle

Because finishes may be exposed to mortar during building construction or maintenance, this test method was developed

to determine how well a finish resists permanent adhesion of mortar and changes in appearance upon removal of mortar.

In the test, mortar is applied and allowed to condition at high humidity before it is removed from the surface by a damp

cloth and a mild acid solution. Then the appearance is evaluated for loss of gloss and color change.

7.7.2.21 Procedure

Prepare mortar by mixing 75 g (2.6 oz) of building lime (see ASTM C207) and 225 g (8 oz) of dry sand, both passing

through a 10-mesh wire screen and sufficient water, approximately 100 g (3.5 oz), to make a soft paste. Immediately apply

wet pats of mortar about 1300 mm2 (2 in2) in area and 12 mm (1/2 in) in thickness to coated specimens which have been

properly cured per the supplier’s recommendation. Immediately expose test sections for 24 hours to >95100% relative

humidity at 38±2° C (100oF). Conduct a minimum of four tests.


Mortar shall dislodge easily from painted finished surface, and any residue shall be removable with a damp cloth. Any lime

residue shall be easily removed with the 10% muriatic acid solution described in Section 7.7.1.21. There shall be no visible

loss of film adhesion, i.e. blistering, delamination and/or bubbling. When comparing the exposed painted finished surface

to the unexposed surface, there shall be a minimum of 90% gloss retention and a maximum color change of 5 ∆ E Units

calculated in accordance with ASTM D2244.,

NOTE 8: Reference earlier sections for methods of measuring gloss and color.

7.7.3 Nitric Acid Resistance

7.7.3.1 Principle


This test is used to determine the ability of a finish to maintain adhesion to the substrate and to resist color and gloss

change when subjected to nitric acid vapors. Nitric acid chemically reacts with many plastics, and this test is designed to

accelerate the effects of localized acidic pollution in the air, such as from vehicle exhaust or industrial processes. Nitric

acid vapors are produced by evaporation of a concentrated solution inside a container and come into contact with the test

specimen.

7.7.3.21 Procedure

Fill a 235 ml (8 oz) wide-mouth bottle one-half full of nitric acid, 70% ACS reagent grade*. Place the test panel completely

over the mouth of the bottle painted side down, for 30 minutes. Rinse the specimen with tap water, wipe it dry and measure

any color change after a one hour recovery period.

*NOTE 98: The assay of the nitric acid (HNO3) should be Fisher A-200 or equivalent; minimum 69.0%, maximum 71.0%.


There shall be no loss of adhesion of the film to the fiber reinforced thermoset profiles. There shall be no blistering and

when comparing the exposed painted surface to the unexposed surface, there shall be a minimum of 90% gloss retention

and not more than 5 Δ E Units (Hunter) of color change, calculated in accordance with ASTM D2244, when comparing

measurements on the acid-exposed painted surface and the unexposed surface.

7.8 Detergent Resistance

7.8.1 Principle

This test, described in ASTM D2248, is used to determine the ability of a finish to maintain adhesion to the substrate and

to resist color and gloss change when subjected to a standardized detergent. This test is designed to accelerate the effects

of repeated cleaning of a finish on a fenestration product.

7.8.21 Procedure

Prepare a 3% (by weight) solution of detergent as prescribed in ASTM D2248 and distilled water. Immerse 50% of the

surface of at least two test specimens in the detergent solution at 38°C ±2º C (100°F) for 72 hours. Withdraw the

specimens, wash with distilled water and allow the samples specimens to dry. Immediately apply tape (CHT-1 or agreed

upon ASTM equivalent) 20 mm (3/4 in) wide by pressing down firmly against the coating to eliminate voids and air pockets.

Place the tape longitudinally along the entire length of the test specimens. If blisters are visible, then the blistered area

shall be taped and rated. Sharply pull off at a right angle to the plane of the surface being tested, per ASTM D3359. A

typical detergent composition is as follows:

NOTE 109: Commercially available blends of detergent may be available and are permitted to be used.


Raw Materials Parts by Weight Tetrasodium pyrophosphate (Na4P2O7) anhydrous 53.0 Sodium sulfate (Na2SO4), anhydrous 19.0 Sodium metasilicate (Na2SiO3), anhydrous 7.0 Sodium carbonate (Na2CO3), anhydrous 1.0 Sodium salt of a linear alkylarylsulfonate 90% flake grade 20.0

TOTAL 100.0

TABLE 1: Detergent CompositionNeeds Title

7.8.32 Performance

There shall be no loss of adhesion of the film to the fiber reinforced thermoset profiles when tested in accordance with

Section 7.4.2shall be no loss of adhesion of the coating film to the fiber reinforced thermoset profiles, and no blistering of

the coating., and wWhen comparing the exposed painted finish surface to the unexposed surface, there shall be a

maximum gloss change of +/-10%minimum of 95% gloss retention and a maximum color change of not more than 52 ∆ E

Units (Hunter) of color change, calculated in accordance with ASTM D2244, when comparing measurements on the

detergent exposed painted surface and the unexposed surface.

7.9 Window Cleaner Resistance

7.9.1 Principle

This test is intended to determine the ability of a coating to resist damage from window cleaning chemicals. A standardized

window cleaning solution is mixed, dripped onto a coated specimen and covered to prevent evaporation. The solution is

allowed to sit on the specimen for 24 hours, and then the specimen is rinsed with purified water. A visual evaluation is

performed at this time. After a four hour dry-off period, the appropriate adhesion test is performed (see Film Adhesion).

The coated specimen cannot show any visual blistering or other appearance change or loss of coating after the tape pull-

off test.

7.9.21 Procedure

Prepare a solution of glass cleaner. Apply 10 drops of the window cleaner to the painted surface and immediately cover it

with a watch glass, convex side up. Let the test sit for 24 hours, then rinse the specimen with running tap water. Record

the visual appearance. Let the specimen sit for four hours before conducting the dry adhesion test outlined in Section

7.4.21.1

All purpose glass cleaner composition is as follows:

Raw Materials % By Weight

Dowanol PM* 5.0 Propylene glycol 5.0


Isopropanol 35.0 Water 55.0

TOTAL 100.0 * Dow Chemical, propylene glycol methyl ether

TABLE 2: Glass Cleaner CompositionNeed Title

The solution and test shall be conducted at 18oC to 27oC (65oF to 80oF).

7.9.32 Performance

There shall be no loss of adhesion of the film to the fiber reinforced thermoset profiles. There shall be no blistering and

when comparing the exposed painted surface to the unexposed surface, there shall be a minimum of 95% gloss retention

and not more than 2 ∆ E Units (Hunter) of color change, calculated in accordance with ASTM D2244, when comparing

measurements on the window cleaner exposed painted surface and the unexposed surface.

NOTE 1110: New colors may be qualified without the chemical exposure testing in this section provided the colors are

produced with the same pigments, in the same resin system as a color on which passing test data is available and which

is within ± 10 Hunter Units in lightness (L).

7.10 Humidity Resistance

7.10.1 Principle

The ability to resist moisture is a critical function of any finish. This test subjects specimens to condensing humidity for an

extended period before they are visually evaluated for the formation of blisters which indicate loss of adhesion.

7.10.21 Procedure

Expose the specimen in a controlled heat-and-humidity cabinet for 4,000 hours at 38oC (100oF) and condensing humidity

(greater than 95% RH)100% RH with cabinet operated in accordance with ASTM D2247 or ASTM D4585.

7.10.32 Performance

There shall be no formation of blisters to extent greater than "Few" blisters Size No. 8 as shown in Figure No. 4 of ASTM

D714.

7.11 Cold Crack Cycle

7.11.1 Principle


This test determines the effect of freezing and thawing on a finish. Specimens are placed in a condensing humidity

environment for 24 hoursa day, then transferred to a freezer at -23°C. Specimens are then allowed to thaw for 4 hours.

This cycle is repeated 15 times and then specimens are evaluated visually for cracks, blisters, or any other signs of

degradation.

7.11.21 Procedure

7.11.21.1 Support the specimens so that they will be held in a position 0 to 30° from the vertical and in such a manner as

to prevent contact between the panels during the test.

7.11.21.2 Place the specimens in a humidity cabinet operated in accordance with ASTM D2247 or ASTM D4585 at 38°C

(100°F) ± 2°C (°F) and condensing humidity (greater than 95 % RH)100% relative humidity for a period of 24 ± 1/2 hours.

Then transfer them to the cold box at -23 ± 1.52°C (-10 ± 43°F) allowing a maximum of 30 seconds for the transfer. Leave

the specimens in the cold box for a period of 20 ± 1/2 hours.

7.11.21.3 Remove the specimens and allow them to remain at room temperature for a period of 4 ± 1/2 hours, during

which they shall be time rated. This constitutes one cycle. Run the test for 15 cycles. During any interruption of the normal

cycling, as on weekends, always leave the specimens in the cold box.

7.11.32 Performance

There shall be no loss of adhesion of the film to the fiber reinforced thermoset profiles when tested in accordance with

Section 7.4.2. There shall be no cracking, loss of adhesionblistering, change of color or other detrimental effects, including

visual differences to the coating.

7.12 Oven Aging

7.12.1 Principle

This test determines the ability of a finish to resist degradation due to high temperatures and high humidity for an extended

period of time. Specimens are placed in an oven controlled at 60oC and then placed in an environment of condensing

humidity. Then they are evaluated for pencil hardness and loss of adhesion.

7.12.21 Procedure

Insert two sets of test specimens in an air circulating oven at 60oC ± 2°C (140oF ± 4oF) for seven days. Within one hour of

removal from oven placeRemove the specimens and place them in condensing 100% humidity at 38°C ± 2°C (100oF ±

4oF) and greater than 95% RH for 96 hours. Allow the specimens to cool to room temperature. Test Set 1 for film hardness

as per Section 7.3.21, and test Set 2 for film adhesion as per Section 7.4.21.

7.12.32 Performance


Film hardness shall be an F minimum. There shall be no loss of adhesion of the film to the fiber reinforced thermoset

profiles when tested in accordance with Section 7.4.2.There shall be no loss of adhesion.

7.13 Weather Exposure

7.13.1 Principle

Sunlight, temperature, and moisture in the outdoor environment degrades materials such as coatings, polymeric profiles,

and others used in fenestration products. South Florida is considered a global benchmark location for outdoor weathering

tests, due to its constant high levels of sunlight, heat, and moisture. In the vast majority of cases, a material that performs

well in this environment will perform well in major international markets. An alternative method in this document uses

sunlight concentrators located in Arizona to accelerate the effects of multiple years of equivalent radiation as is experienced

in South Florida. The Nighttime Wetting (NTW) cycle sprays water on samples at cycle frequencies specified by ASTM

G90. The device is oriented in such a way that a sample surface angle of 5 degrees is achieved so that wetting may better

simulate South Florida conditions for materials sensitive to moisture.Nightime Wetting spray (NTW) sprays water on

samples at cycle frequencies specified by ASTM G90. The device is angle in such a way that a sample surface angle of 5

degrees is achieved so wetting may better simulate South Florida moisture condition for moisture sensitive materials.12

After weathering exposure, specimens may be evaluated for a number of appearance and physical properties, including

color, gloss, cracking, tape adhesion, and others.

7.13.21 Exposure

Actual South Florida Exposure at an acceptable site. Test sites and duration for on-fence testing are acceptable as follows:

Florida Exposure south of Latitude 27° North ° at a 45° angle facing south for a minimum of ten years. Accelerated outdoor

weathering using concentrated natural sunlight with night time wetting (NTW) for 2900 MJ Total Ultra-Violet Radiation

(TUVR) will beis an approved alternative to the South Florida testing.

The coating shall maintain its film integrity and at a minimum meet the following color retention, chalk resistance, gloss

retention and erosion resistance properties. Time elapsed when the coating is off the test fence for evaluation, or other

purposes, shall not be counted as part of the exposure minimum. The architect, owner or contractor shall request data

relative to the long-term durability of the color(s) selected. Access to exposure panels must be made available to the

architect and/or owner upon request.

7.13.12.1 Test requirements for accelerated outdoor weathering using concentrated natural sunlight are acceptable as

follows: Arizona hot desert exposure at approximately Latitude 34° North° using concentrated natural sunlight exposure

device manufactured, maintained and operated in accordance with ASTM G90 for a minimum of 2900 MJ TUVR. To

simulate daytime temperatures observed in the summer in South Florida, the daytime black-panel temperature shall be

1 Reference: Putnam, William J., Pekara, David, and McGreer, Matthew, "A Review of Recent Developments and Improvements in Accelerated Outdoor and Indoor Xenon Weathering Devices and Methodologies"" 2 Reference: ASTM STP1271-96, “Science and Technology of Building Seals, Sealants, Glazing, and Waterproofing: Fifth Volume


controlled at a set-point of 70ºC, (158ºF), with an allowable operational fluctuation of ± 5ºC (± 9ºF) under clear sky

conditions. Refer to ASTM G179 for guidance on the construction, calibration, and maintenance of black- or white- panels.

To simulate the South Florida Environment, Cycle 3, consisting of four hourly cycles of spraying with deionized water for

three minutes, followed by a dry time of 12 minutes as specified in Table 1 of ASTM G90, shall be used.

The spray cycle shall be performed nightly from 7 PM to 5 AM. The specimens shall be exposed using the non-insulated

specimen mounting configuration in accordance with ASTM G90.

NOTE 1211: This specification recognizes that accelerated outdoor weathering using concentrated natural sunlight testing

and the direct South Florida exposure testing have no direct correlation. At their discretion, the manufacturer may test to

either or both test methods.

NOTE 1312: Radiant exposure is measured using the pyranometers, pyrheliometers, and ultraviolet radiometers as

described in ASTM G90, or as otherwise agreed to with the customer. By varying the irradiance to a percentage of the

maximum value, lower specimen and black-panel temperatures can be achieved.

7.13.3 Film Integrity


There shall be no checking, crazing of the coating film and no loss of adhesion after the tape pull test outlined in Section

7.4.21.

NOTE 14: Evidence of crazing will be most visible on clear or light color samples.

7.13.41.2 Color Retention

7.13.4.1.2.1 Procedure

After weathering exposure (per Section 7.1312.21.1), measure the exposed coated surface and the control specimen

using a spectrophotometerHunter Lab instrument. The procedure shall be in accordance with ASTM D2244, Section 6.3

and useing the reflectance-specular included (RSIN) method. Corresponding values shall be measured on the original

retained specimen or the unexposed area of the specimen. A portion of the exposed area specimen may shall be washed

lightly to remove surface dirt only using clear water and a soft cloth. Heavy scrubbing or any polishing to remove chalk

formation or restore the surface is not permitted where color measurements are made.

7.13.4.1.2.2 Performance

There shall be a maximum of less than 5 ∆ E Units (Hunter) of color change using CIE Standard Illuminant D65 with 10°

Observer as calculated in accordance with ASTM D2244, after the minimum 2900 MJ TUVR of exposure or the 10 years

of South Florida per Section 7.13.21.1. Tests started under the previous version of this standard (prior to the publication


of this specification revision) using a different illuminant, observer or specular component shall continue to use those

original parameters until the completion of the tests. Corresponding values shall be measured on the original retained

specimen or the unexposed area of the specimen.

NOTE 1513: New colors, whether formulated by a coatings manufacturer or blended by an applicator according to a pain

coating manufacturer’s specifications, may be qualified without the exposure test per Section 7.13.21 provided they are:

1. produced with the same pigments in the same coating resin system as a color on which acceptable 2900 MJ

TUVR year test data or 10 years South Florida direct exposure is available and

2. within the ± 10 Hunter Units in lightness (L) of that color in accordance with ASTM D2244.

7.13.51.3 Chalk Resistance

7.13.5.1.3.1 Procedure

After weathering exposure (per Section 7.13.21), evaluate the exposed coated surface per ASTM D4214, Test Method A

and using photographic reference standard No. 1 (Method ASTM D659). Chalking shall be evaluated on the coated,

exposed and unwashed surface of the specimen.

NOTE 1614: An agreement on the type of fabric (wool, felt, velvet or velveteen) and fabric color should be determined

prior administering the test procedure.


Chalk rating shall be no moregreater than or equal to that represented by a No. 8 rating for colors and No. 6 for whites,

based on ASTM D4214, Test Method A (Method ASTM D659) after exposure at the test site.

7.13.61.4 Gloss Retention

7.13.61.4.1 Procedure

After weathering exposure (per Section 7.13.21.), measure 60° gloss of exposed and unexposed areas of a test site

exposure panel following ASTM D523. The exposure specimen may be washed lightly with clear water and a soft cloth to

remove loose surface dirt. Heavy scrubbing or any polishing to restore the surface is not permitted where gloss

measurements are made.

7.13.6.1.4.2 Performance

Gloss retention shall be a minimum of 50% after the exposure test per Section 7.13.21. expressed as:

% Retention = X 100% 60° Gloss Exposed

60° Gloss Unexposed


7.13.71.5 Resistance to Erosion

7.13.71.5.1 Procedure

After weathering exposure (per Section 7.13.21.), measure dry film thickness of exposed and adjacent unexposed areas

of exposure specimens using a Tooke gauge or Bore as defined in ASTM D4138 or ASTM D5796, respectively, or other

instrumental methods of equal precision.


There shall be less than 10% film loss after the exposure test per Section 7.13.21, expressed as a percent loss of total

film:

8.0 TEST REPORT ANDAND RESULTS

8.1 Test report shall include the following information:

8.1.1 Date when tests were performed and date of issue of report.

8.1.2 Identification of organic coating and/or coating system tested, including the production date, lot number, cure

conditions and pretreatment data, manufacturer thereof and the name of the company submitting the coated specimens

used in the test.

8.1.3 Copy of drawings submitted showing exposed surfaces.

8.1.4 Test results.

8.1.5 A statement indicating that organic coating and/or coating system tested passed all tests or failed one or more.

8.1.6 In case of failure, which test(s) and description of failure(s).

8.1.7 Statement that all tests were conducted in accordance with this standard.

8.1.8 Name and address of the laboratory which conducted the tests and issued the report.

Dry Film Thickness Exposed Dry Film Thickness Unexposed X 100 % Loss = 100 –

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