VOLUME ONE PART FOURal-mostabserin.com/.../uploads/2019/06/vol.-1.4.pdf1 out of 49 عئارشلا للع REASONS FOR THE LAWS ه 183 ةنس ىفتملا هر يم Øلا هيباب

Illal Al Sharaie www.hubeali.com

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علل الشرائع

REASONS FOR THE LAWS

ه 183الشيخ الصدوق أبي جعفر محمد بن علي ابن الحسين بن موسى بن بابويه القمي ره المتوفى سنة

AL SHEYKH AL SADOUQ ABU JA’FAR MUHAMMAD BIN ALI IBN AL HUSAYN BIN MUSA BIN BABUWAYH AL QUMMY – DIED 381 AH

الجزء االول

VOLUME ONE – PART FOUR

Note – This is an extract from the original. We have not included reports and certain Ahadeeth narrated by the Nasibis and those which contained elements of insults to the Peopleasws of the Household


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TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME ONE – PART FOUR .............................................................. 1

Chapter 97 – The reason for the recognition and ingratitude ....................................................... 4

Chapter 98 – The reason for the Veiling of Allahazwj Mighty is Hisazwj Majesty, from Hisazwj creatures ................................................................................................................................................ 5

Chapter 99 – Reason for the affirmation of the Prophetsas and the Mursilsas, and reason for the difference in theiras evidences (Miracles) ................................................................................... 6

Chapter 100 – Reason for the Miracle ............................................................................................. 10

Chapter 101 – The reason due to which the Determined Ones (Ul Al Azam) were named as ‘The Determined Ones’ (Ul Al Azam) ............................................................................................... 11

Chapter 102 – The reason due to which Allahazwj Commanded for the obedience to the Rasoolsaww and the Imamsasws ........................................................................................................... 12

Chapter 103 – The reason due to which there is a need to the Prophetsaww and the Imamasws

.............................................................................................................................................................. 12

Chapter 104 – The reason due to which the Prophetsaww came to be higher than the (rest of the) Prophetsas .................................................................................................................................... 13

Chapter 105 – The reason due to which the Prophetsaww was called ‘Al-Ummy’ ...................... 14

Chapter 106 – The reason due to which the Prophetsaww was named as ‘Muhammad’, and ‘Ahmad’, and ‘Abu Al Qasim’, and ‘Basheer’, and ‘Nazeer’, and ‘Da’aiy’, and ‘Mahiya’, and ‘Aaqib’, and ‘Haashira’, and ‘Aheed’, and ‘Moqafa’, and ‘Maqaba’ .............................................. 16

Chapter 107 – The reason due to which Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Said to Hisazwj Prophetsaww [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you ......................................................................................................... 19

Chapter 108 – Reason for the Prophetsaww greeting the children................................................ 21

Chapter 110 – The reason due to which Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Made Hisazwj Prophetsaww to be an orphan ............................................................................................................. 21

Chapter 111 – The reason due to which a son did not remain for Rasool-Allahsaww ................ 22

Chapter 112 – Reason for the Ascension (Mi’raaj) ........................................................................ 22

Chapter 113 – The reason due to which the Prophetsaww did not ask hissaww Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic for the lessening from hissaww community, from fifty Prayers, until Musaas asked himsaww to do so; and the reason due to which heas did not ask for the lessening them from the five Prayers ................................................................................................................................... 24


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Chapter 114 – Reason for the love of the Prophetsaww for Aqeel Bin Abu Talibas with two loves ..................................................................................................................................................... 25

Chapter 115 – The reason due to which Rasool-Allahsaww used to love (eating) the arm (of the sheep) much more than the rest of the parts of the sheep .................................................. 26

Chapter 116 – The reason due to which the most prestigious names to Allahazwj the High are Muhammadsaww, and Aliasws, and Fatimaasws, and Al-Hassanasws, and Al-Husaynasws .................. 26

Chapter 117 – The reason due to which the love of Allahazwj Blessed and High, and the love for Hisazwj Rasoolsaww, and the Peopleasws of hissaww Household is Obligated upon the servants .............................................................................................................................................................. 32

Chapter 118 – The Reason why falsehood is adored.................................................................... 33

Chapter 119 – Reason for the love for the Sake of Allahazwj, and the hatred with regards to it, and the friendship to be Made to be Obligatory ....................................................................... 33

Chapter 120 – The reason that the love for the Peopleasws of the Household is due to the goodness of the birth, and that the reason for hatred for themasws is due to the evilness of the birth ............................................................................................................................................... 34

Chapter 121 – The reason due to which the people neglected Aliasws and turned away from himasws to someone else, despite of their recognition of hisasws merits ...................................... 39

Chapter 122 – The reason due to which Amir Al-Momineenasws did not fight against hisasws adversaries........................................................................................................................................... 41


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بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم الحمد هلل رب العالمين، وصلى هللا على سيدنا محمد وآله الطاهرين، وسلم تسليما.

In the Name of Allahazwj the Beneficent, the Merciful. The Praise is for Allahazwj Lordazwj of the Worlds, and Blessing be upon our Chief Muhammadsaww and hissaww Purified Progenyasws, and greetings with abundant greetings.

علة المعرفة والجحود( - 79)باب

Chapter 97 – The reason for the recognition and ingratitude

أبى رحمه هللا قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد هللا، عن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسن بن علي بن فضال، عن ابن بكير، عن واشهدهم على زرارة قال: سألت أبا جعفر " ع " عن قول هللا عزوجل: )وإذ أخذ ربك من بني آدم من ظهورهم ذريتهم

انفسهم ألست بربكم؟ قالوا: بلى( قال ثبتت المعرفة ونسوا الموقت وسيذكرونه يوما،، ولوال ذلك لم يدر أحد من خالقه وال من رازقه.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Ibn Bakeyr, from Zarara who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [7:172] And when your Lord brought forth from the Children of Adam, from their backs, their descendants, and made them testify against their own souls: Am I not your Lord? They said: Yes! Heasws said: ‘The recognition was affirmed, and it had been forgotten temporarily, and they would be remembering it one day, and if it were not for that, no one would realise Who Created him nor Who Sustains him’.1

حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل قال: حدثنا عبد هللا بن جعفر الحميري عن احمد بن محمد، عن الحسن بن محبوب، عن عبد الرحمان بن كثير، عن داود الرقى عن أبى عبد هللا " ع " قال: لما أراد هللا عزوجل ان يخلق الخلق خلقهم

سول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله وأمير المؤمنين واالئمة صلوات ونشرهم بين يديه ثم قال لهم من ربكم؟ فاول من نطق ر عليهم أجمعين فقالوا: أنت ربنا،

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Mutawakkil narrated to us, from Abdullah Bin Ja’far Al Humeyri, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Abdul Rahman Bin Kaseer, from Dawood Al Raqy,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘When Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Intended to Create the creatures, Created them, and Displayed them in front of Himazwj, then Said to them: “Who is your Lordazwj?” So the first ones to speak were Rasool-Allahsaww and Amir Al-Momineenasws, and the Imamsasws. So theyasws said: ‘Youazwj are ourasws Lordazwj!’

فحملهم العلم والدين، ثم قال للمالئكة هؤالء حملة ديني وعلمي وامنائي في خلقي وهم المسئولون، ثم قيل لبني آدم أقروا هلل بالربوبية ولهؤالء النفر بالطاعة والوالية فقالوا نعم ربنا اقررنا، فقال هللا جل جالله للمالئكة اشهدوا، فقالت المالئكة

شهدنا على ان ال يقولوا غدا إنا كنا عن هذا غافلين أو يقولوا إنما أشرك آباؤنا من قبل وكنا ذرية من بعدهم أفتهلكنا بما فعل المبطلون، يا داود، االنبياء مؤكدة عليهم في الميثاق.

Thus, Allahazwj Blessed themasws with the Knowledge and the Religion, then Said to the Angels: “Theyasws are carrying Myazwj Religion, and Myazwj Knowledge, and Myazwj Trustees among Myazwj creatures, and theyasws would be Questioned”. Then Allahazwj Said to the Children of Adamas: ‘Do you all accept Allahazwj for the Lordship, and for

1 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 97 H 1


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these persons for the obedience and the Wilayah?’ So they said, ‘Yes, our Lordazwj, we accept!’ So Allahazwj Mighty is Hisazwj Majesty Said to the Angels: “Bear witness upon that lest tomorrow they say Surely, we were heedless of this [7:173] Or you should say: But rather, only our fathers associated others (with Allah) before, and we were an offspring after them: Will You then Destroy us for deeds of the wrong-doers?’ O Dawood! The Prophetsas confirmed against them with regards to the Covenant’.2

أبى رحمه هللا قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد هللا، عن احمد بن محمد، عن محمد ابن اسماعيل بن بزيغ، عن صالح بن عقبة، عن عبد هللا بن محمد الجعفي وعقبة جميعا عن أبى جعفر " ع " قال: ان هللا عزوجل خلق الخلق فخلق من أحب مما

غض مما أبغض وكان ما أبغض أن خلقه من طينة النار، ثم أحب وكان ما أحب ان خلقه من طينة الجنة، وخلق من أببعثهم في الظالل، فقلت وأي شئ الظالل؟ فقال ألم ترإلى ظلك في الشمس شئ وليس بشئ، ثم بعث منهم النبيين فدعوهم

إلى االقرار باهلل وهو قوله عزوجل: )ولئن سئلتهم من خلقهم ليقولن هللا(

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad, from Muhammad Ibn Ismail Bin Bazi’e, from Salih Bin Uqba, from Abdullah Bin Muhammad Al Ju’fy and Uqba altogether,

Abu Ja’farasws has said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Created the creatures, so Allahazwj Created the ones Heazwj Loved from what Heazwj Loved, and what Heazwj Loved was the clay of the Paradise. And Heazwj Created the one Heazwj Hated from what Heazwj Hated, that Heazwj Created him from the clay of the Fire, then Sent them into the shadows’. So I said, ‘And which thing is the shadow?’ So heasws said: ‘Have you not seen your own shadow in the sun, it is a thing (an image) but it is not something (on its own)? Then Allahazwj Sent the Prophetsas from them, so theyas invited them (the people) to the acceptance of Allahazwj and these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [43:87] And if you should ask them who created them, they would certainly say: Allah.

ثم دعوهم إلى االقرار بالنبيين فأنكر بعض وأقر بعض ثم دعوهم إلى واليتنا فاقر بها وهللا من أحب وانكرها من أبغض وهو قوله عزوجل: )ما كانوا ليؤمنوا بما كذبوا به من قبل( ثم قال أبو جعفر " ع ": كان التكذيب ثم.

Then Allahazwj invited them to the acceptance of the Prophetsas. So some of them rejected and some of them accepted. Then invited them to ourasws Wilayah, so by Allahazwj, the only ones who were Beloved (to Allahazwj) accepted it, and the ones who were Hated, rejected it. And these are the Words of the Mighty and Majestic [10:74] but they would not believe in what they had belied before’. Then Abu Ja’farasws said: ‘The belying is from then’.3

علة احتجاب هللا جل جالله عن خلقه( - 78)باب

Chapter 98 – The reason for the Veiling of Allahazwj Mighty is Hisazwj Majesty, from Hisazwj creatures

حدثنا الحسين بن احمد، عن أبيه قال: حدثنا محمد بن بندار، عن محمد ابن علي، عن محمد بن عبد هللا الخراساني خادم الرضا قال: قال بعض الزنادقة البي الحسن " ع ": لم احتجب هللا؟ فقال أبو الحسن عليه السالم: ان الحجاب عن الخلق

ذنوبهم فاما هو فال تخفى عليه خافية في آناء الليل والنهار، قال فلم، ال تدركه حاسة البصر؟ قال للفرق بينه وبين لكثرة خلقه الذين تدركهم حاسة االبصار ثم هو أجل من أن تدركه االبصار أو يحيط به وهم أو يضبطه عقل،




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Al Husayn Bin Ahmad, from his father, from Muhammad Bin Bandaar, from Muhammad Ibn Ali, from Muhammad Bin Abdullah

Al-Khurasany, a servant of Al-Rezaas, said, ‘One of the Atheists said to Abu Al-Hassanasws, ‘Why is Allahazwj Veiled?’ So Abu Al-Hassanasws said: ‘The Veil is from the creatures due to the frequency of their sins. Heazwj is not Concealed from them out of fear, neither day or the night’. He said, ‘So why can’t the vision visualise Himazwj?’ Heasws said: ‘The difference between Himazwj and Hisazwj creatures to be able to see Himazwj by the sense of the vision. Heazwj is Higher than to be Visualised by the vision, or imagined by the imaginations, or to be grasped by the intellect’.

ل قال: فحده لي؟ قال انه ال يحد، قال لم؟ قال: النه كل محدود منتاه إلى حد، فإذا احتمل التحديد احتمل الزيادة، وإذا احتم الزيادة احتمل النقصان، فهو غير محدود وال متزايد وال متجزئ وال متوهم.

He said, ‘So (define) Hisazwj limits to me’. Heasws said: ‘Heazwj has no limits’. He said, ‘Why not?’ Heasws said: ‘Because Hisazwj every limit is limited to a certain extent, so if the limitation is defined, the increase is defined, and if the increase is defined, the deficiency is defined. Thus Heazwj is without limitations. Neither can there be an increase, nor can Heazwj be exceeded, nor imagined’.4

اخبرني علي بن حاتم قال: حدثنا القاسم بن محمد قال: حدثنا حمدان بن الحسين، عن الحسين بن الوليد، عن عبد هللا بن سنان، عن أبى حمزة الثمالي قال: قلت لعلي بن الحسين عليهما السالم الي علة حجب هللا عزوجل الخلق عن نفسه؟ قال:

تبارك وتعالى بناهم بنية علي الجهل فلو انهم كانوا ينظرون هللا عزوجل لما كانوا بالذي يهابونه وال يعظمونه، الن هللانظير ذلك أحدكم إذا نظر إلى بيت هللا الحرام أول مرة عظمه فإذا آتت عليه أيام وهو يراه ال يكاد أن ينظر إليه إذا مر به

وال يعظمه ذلك التعظيم.

Ali Bin Hatim informed me, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from Abdullah Bin Sinan, from Abu Hamza Al Sumaly who said,

‘I said to Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws, ‘For which reason has Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Veiled Himselfazwj from the creatures?’ Heasws said: ‘Because Allahazwj Blessed and High Built their foundations upon the ignorance. So, if they had been able to see Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, they would have neither Revered (Honoured) Himazwj nor Magnified Himazwj. That is like one of you looking at the House of Allahazwj (Kabah) for the first time, he reveres it, but if he comes to it every day and he sees it, or even barely sees it when he passes by it, he would not revere it with that reverence (which he had the first time)’.5

علة إثبات االنبياء والرسل صلى هللا عليهم وعلة إختالف داليلهم( - 77)باب

Chapter 99 – Reason for the affirmation of the Prophetsas and the Mursilsas, and reason for the difference in theiras evidences (Miracles)

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن احمد ابن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسين بن علي، عن عمرو بن أبى المقدام، عن اسحاق بن غالب، عن أبى عبد هللا " ع " في كالم له يقول فيه: الحمد هلل المتحجب بالنور دون

الشامخ والملك الباذخ، فوق كل شئ عال ومن كل شئ دنا فتجلى لخلقه من غير ان يكون خلقه، في االفق الطامح والعز يرئ، وهو يرى وهو بالمنظر االعلى، فاحب االختصاص بالتوحيد إذا إحتجب بنوره، وسما في علوه واستتر عن خلقه 4 Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 98 H 1



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ويحيى من حيى عن بينة وليعقل ليكون له الحجة البالغة وابتعث فيهم النبيين مبشرين ومنذرين ليهلك من هلك عن بينة العباد، عن ربهم ما جهلوا وعرفوه بربوبيته بعدما أنكروا، ويوحدوه بااللهية بعد ماعندوا.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Al Asffar, from Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Ali, from Amro Bin Abu Al Maqdam, from Is’haq Bin Ghalib,

From Abu Abdullahasws in a speech of hisasws, saying in it: ‘The Praise is for Allahazwj, the Veiled by the Light besides Hisazwj creatures, in the high horizons, and the lofty splendour, and the Grand King, Exalted above everything, and near to everything. So Hisazwj Manifestation to Hisazwj creatures is from without being seen, and Heazwj Sees, and Heazwj is at the Exalted Station. Thus, Heazwj Loves the Specialisation in the Oneness when Heazwj is Veiled by Hisazwj Light, and Hisazwj Towering Elevation and Veiling from Hisazwj creatures in order for the Evident Proof to be for Himazwj. And Heazwj Established the Prophetsas, and the Heralds of good news, and warners among them, so that the destroyed one would be destroyed by the proofs, and the revived one would be revived by the proof and it would make sense to the servants, from their Lordazwj, what they were ignorant of, and they would recognise Himazwj by Hisazwj Lordship after what they had denied, and they would accept Hisazwj Oneness after having turned away from it’.6

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن بن احمد بن الوليد رضى هللا عنه قال: حدثنا محمد بن الحسن الصفار، عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى، عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن النضر بن سويد، عن عبد هللا بن سنان قال: سئل أبو عبد هللا " ع " عن قول هللا

ن مختلفين إال من رحم ربك( ولذلك خلقهم فقال: كانوا أمة عزوجل: )ولو شاء ربك لجعل الناس أمة واحدة وال يزالو واحدة فبعث هللا النبيين ليتخذ عليهم الحجة

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan Bin Ahmad Bin Al Waleed narrated to us, from Muhamad Bin Al Hassan Al Saffar, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Al Nazar Bin Suweyd, from Abdullah Bin Sinan who said,

‘Abu Abdullahasws was asked about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [11:118] And if your Lord had so Desired it, He would have Made people as a single nation, and they will not stop differing [11:119] Except for those on whom your Lord has Mercy; and it is for that did He Create them. So heasws said: ‘They were one community, so Allahazwj Sent the Prophetsasws in order to take the argument against them’.7

حدثنا حمزة بن محمد العلوي قال: أخبرني علي بن ابراهيم، عن أبيه، عن العباس بن عمرو الفقيمي، عن هشام بن الحكم، عن أبى عبد هللا " ع " انه قال للزنديق الذي سأله من أين أثبت الرسل واالنبياء فقال: انا لما أثبتنا ان لنا خالقا صانعا

ذلك الصانع حكيما متعاليا لم يجز أن يشاهده خلقه ويالمسوه ويباشرهم ويباشروه متعاليا عنا وعن جميع ما خلق وكان ويحاجهم ويحاجوه

Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ibrahim, from his father, from Al Abbas Bin Amro Al Faqeymi, from Hisham Bin Al Hakam,

Abu Abdullahasws has said to the atheist who asked himasws, from where would heasws be proving the Mursilsas and the Prophetsas, so heasws said: ‘When weasws have proved that there is a Creator for us, a Maker, Exalted from us, and for all that Heazwj Created, and that Maker is Wise, Exalted, not permissible for the creatures to see




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Himazwj and to feel Himazwj, and Heazwj Holds discussion with them and they hold discussions with Himazwj, and Heazwj Argues with them and they argue with Himazwj.

ثبت ان له سفراء في خلقه يعبرون عنه إلى خلقه وعباده ويدلونهم على مصالحهم ومنافعهم وما به بقائهم وفي تركه فنائهم

It is thereby proved that there are ambassadors for Himazwj among Hisazwj creatures, bringing Messages from Himazwj to Hisazwj creatures and Hisazwj servants, and pointing them towards their own correctness, and their benefits, and what their remaining would be due to, and what destruction would be for them in its neglect.

نبياء وصفوته من خلقه حكماء فثبت اآلمرون والناهون عن الحكيم العليم في خلقه والمعبرون عنه عزوجل وهم اال مؤدبون بالحكمة مبعوثون بها غير مشاركين للناس في شئ من أحوالهم، مؤيدين من عند الحكيم العليم بالحكمة،

So, it is proved that the enjoiners and the forbidders (coming) from the Wise, the All-Knowledgeable, are among Hisazwj creatures, and the bringers of the Messages from Himazwj, the Mighty and Majestic, and theyas are the Prophetsas, and Hisazwj Elites from Hisazwj creatures, educating with the wisdom, having Sent with it, not association with the people in anything from their conditions, teaching from the Presence of the All-Wise, the All-Knowing, with the wisdom.

ثم ثبت ذلك في كل دهر وزمان ما أتت به الرسل واالنبياء من الداليل والبراهين لكيال تخلو أرض هللا من حجة يكون معه علم على صدق مقالته وجواز عدالته.

Then that is affirmed in every time period and era, what the Rasoolsas and the Prophetsas came with, from the evidences and the proofs, so that the earth of Allahazwj would not be devoid of a Proof to be with it, a knower of the truthfulness of Hisazwj Speech and having Reasons for Hisazwj Justice’.8

حدثنا علي بن احمد رحمه هللا قال: حدثنا محمد بن أبى عبد هللا الكوفي عن موسى بن عمران، عن عمه الحسين بن يزيد، عن علي بن أبى حمزة، عن أبى بصير عن أبى عبد هللا " ع " أنه سأله رجل فقال: الي شئ بعث هللا االنبياء والرسل إلى

فقال لئال يكون للناس على هللا حجة من بعد الرسل ولئال يقولوا ما جائنا من بشير وال نذير وليكون حجة هللا عليهم الناس أال تسمع هللا عزوجل يقول: )حكاية عن خزنة جهنم واحتجاجهم على أهل النار باالنبياء والرسل )ألم يأتكم نذير قالوا بلى

من شئ ان انتم إال في ضالل كبير(.قد جائنا نذير فكذبنا وقلنا ما نزل هللا

Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al Kufy, from Musa Bin Imran, from his uncle Al Husayn Bin Yazeed, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having been asked by a man, so he said, ‘For which thing did Allahazwj Send the Prophetsas and the Mursilsas to the people?’ So heasws said: ‘So that there would not be an argument for the people against Allahazwj from after the Apostles (having been Sent) that perhaps they would be saying, ‘There did not come to us any Herald, nor a warner’, and it would become an Argument of Allahazwj against them. Have you not heard Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Saying, Relating from the keeper of Hell, and the pleading of the inhabitants of the Fire, regarding the Prophetsas and the Rasoolsas [67:8] Did there not come to you a warner? [67:9] They shall say: Yes! Indeed there came to us a warner,



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but we rejected (him) and said: Allah has not Revealed anything, you are only in a great error’.9

أبى رحمه هللا قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد هللا عن احمد بن أبى عبد هللا عن أبيه، عن غير واحد، عن الحسين بن نعيم الصحاف قال: قلت البي عبد هللا عليه السالم أيكون الرجل مؤمنا قد ثبت له االيمان ينقله هللا بعد االيمان ألى الكفر؟ قال

العدل وإنما بعث الرسل ليدعوا الناس إلى االيمان باهلل وال يدعوا أحد إلى الكفر، قلت فيكون الرجل كافرا قد ان هللا هو ثبت له الكفر عند هللا فينقله هللا بعد ذلك من الكفر إلى االيمان؟ قال: ان هللا عزوجل خلق الناس على الفطرة التي فطرهم

كفرا بجحود ثم ابتعت هللا الرسل إليهم يدعونهم إلى االيمان باهلل حجة هللا عليهم هللا عليها ال يعرفون أيمانا بشريعة وال فمنهم من هداه هللا ومنهم من لم يهده.

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from his father, from someone else, from Al Husayn Bin Naeem Al Sahaaf who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Can it happen that the Believing man for whom the belief has been affirmed for, Allahazwj would Turn him to the disbelief after the belief?’ Heasws said: ‘Verily, Allahazwj, Heazwj is Just. But rather, Heazwj Sent the Rasoolsas to invite the people to the belief in Allahazwj, and did not invite anyone to the disbelief’. I said, ‘So, can it happen than the disbelieving man, for whom the disbelief has been affirmed for with Allahazwj, so Allahazwj would Turn him, after that, from the disbelief to the belief?’ Heasws said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Created the people upon the nature which Allahazwj has Natured them upon that they neither recognised the belief with a Law, nor disbelief with ingratitude. Then Allahazwj Sent the Rasoolsas to them inviting them to the belief in Allahazwj, as an Argument of Allahazwj against them. Thus, among them was one whom Allahazwj Guided, and among them was one whom Allahazwj did not Guide’.10

مد بن مسرور رحمه هللا قال حدثنا الحسين بن محمد بن علي قال حدثنا أبو عبد هللا السياري عن أبى حدثنا جعفر بن محيعقوب البغدادي قال: قال ابن السكيت البي الحسن الرضا " ع " لماذا بعث هللا عزوجل موسى بن عمران بالعصا ويده

وآله بالكالم والخطب البيضاء وآلة السحر وبعث عيسى بالطب وبعث محمدا صلى هللا عليه

Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masroor narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Muhammad Bin Ali, from Abu Abdullah Al Sayari, from Abu Yaqoub Al Baghdady who said,

‘Ibn Al-Sakeet said to Abu Al-Hassan Al-Rezaasws, ‘Why did Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Send Musaas Bin Imranas with the (miracles of) the staff, and the white hand, and Miracles of the magic, and Sent Isaas with the medicine, and Sent Muhammadas with the ‘بالكالم والخطب’ speech and the sermons?’

هللا تبارك وتعالى لما بعث موسى عليه السالم كان االغلب على أهل عصره السحر فأتاهم من فقال: أبو الحسن " ع " ان عند هللا عزوجل بما لم يكن في وسع القوم مثله وبما أبطل به سحرهم واثبت به الحجة عليهم

So Abu Al-Hassanasws said: ‘When Allahazwj Blessed and High Sent Musaas, the magic was pre-dominant over the people of hisas era. So heas came to them from the Presence of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic with what the people did not have the happening of something similar to it, and with that heas invalidated their magic, and proved by it the argument against them.




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وان هللا تبارك وتعالى بعث عيسى عليه السالم في وقت ظهرت فيه الزمانات وأحتاج الناس إلى الطب فأتاهم من عند هللا عزوجل بما لم يكن عندهم مثله وبما احيى لهم الموتى وابرء لهم االكمه واالبرص باذن هللا عزوجل واثبت به الحجة

عليهم

And that Allahazwj Sent Isaas during a time in which such diseases had become apparent that the people were needy for the medicine. So heas gave to them, from the Presence of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic with that, the similar to it was not with them, and with what heas revived for them the dead, and cured the blindness for them, and the leprosy, by the Permission of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, and proved the argument against them.

ه الخطب والكالم واظنه قال وان هللا تبارك وتعالى بعث محمدا صلى هللا عليه وآله في وقت كان االغلب على أهل عصر والشعر فأتاهم من كتاب هللا عزوجل ومواعظه واحكامه ما أبطل به قولهم واثبت به الحجة عليهم

And that Allahazwj Blessed and High Sent Muhammadsaww during a time during which the sermons and the speeches and eloquence were pre-dominant over the people, and the poetry. So hesaww gave to them from the Book of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic, and its Sermons and its Ordinances, by which their speech was invalidated, and by it hesaww proved the argument against them’.

رأيت مثلك اليوم قط فما الحجة على الخلق اليوم فقال " ع " العقل يعرف به الصادق على هللا فقال ابن السكيت تاهلل ما فيصدقه، والكاذب على هللا فيكذبه فقال ابن السكيت هذا هو وهللا الجواب.

So Ibn Al-Sakeet said, ‘Exalted is Allahazwj! I have not seen the likes of youasws today, at all. So what is the Proof over the people today?’ So heasws said: ‘The intellect by which the truthful can be recognised so heasws (the Proof of Allahazwj) can be ratified (approved), and the liar to Allahazwj, so that he can be belied’. So Ibn Al-Sakeet said, ‘By Allahazwj! This is the answer’.11

علة المعجزة( - 311)باب

Chapter 100 – Reason for the Miracle

حدثنا علي بن احمد قال حدثنا محمد بن أبى عبد هللا عن موسى بن عمران عن عمه، عن علي بن أبى حمزة، عن أبى علة اعطى هللا عزوجل أنبيائه ورسله وأعطاكم المعجزة؟ فقال: ليكون دليال على بصير قال: قلت البي عبد هللا " ع " الي

صدق من أتى به والمعجزة عالمة هلل ال يعطيها إال أنبيائه ورسله وحججه ليعرف به صدق الصادق من كذب الكاذب.

Ali Bin Ahmad narrated to us, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Musa Bin Imran, from his uncle, from Ali Bin Abu Hamza, from Abu Baseer who said,

‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘For which reason did Allahazwj Give to Hisazwj Prophetsas and Hisazwj Rasoolsas, the Miracles?’ So heasws said: ‘In order for there to be an evidence to the truthfulness of the one who comes with it. And the Miracle, it is a Sign of Allahazwj, been Given to Hisazwj Prophetsas, and Hisazwj Rasoolsas in order for the truthfulness of the truthful can be recognised, from the lies of the liars’.12

11

Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 99 H 6 12

Al Illal Al Sharaie – V 1 Ch 100 H 1


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العلة التى من أجلها سمى أولوا العزم أولى العزم( 313)باب

Chapter 101 – The reason due to which the Determined Ones (Ul Al Azam) were named as ‘The Determined Ones’ (Ul Al Azam)

عن سعد بن عبد هللا بن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن علي ابن الحكم عن المفضل بن صالح بن جابر بن أبى رحمه هللايزيد عن أبى جعفر " ع " في قول هللا عزوجل ولقد عهدنا إلى آدم من قبل فنسى ولم نجد له عزما قال عهد إليه في محمد

سمى أولوا العزم النهم عهد إليهم في محمد واالوصياء من واالئمة من بعده فترك ولم يكن له عزم فيهم انهم هكذا وانما بعده والمهدي وسيرته فاجمع عزمهم ان ذلك كذلك واالقرار به.

My father, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ali Ibn Hakam, from Al Mufazzal Bin Salih Bin Jabir Bin Yazeed,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Ja’farasws regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [20:115] And We had Given a Covenant to Adam before, but he forgot; and We did not find determination in him. Heasws said: ‘Covenanted with himas in regards to Muhammadsaww and the Imamsasws from after himsaww, and there was no determination for himsaww regarding themasws that theyasws are like this. But rather, the Determined Ones (Ul Al-Azam) have been named as such because a Covenant was Taken with them in regards to Muhammadsaww and the successorsasws after himsaww, and Al-Mahdiasws, and hisasws way, so theyas unanimously agreed that, that is like that, and the acceptance by it’.13

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Hamdany, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazaal, from his father,

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رضى هللا عنهم قال حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن سعيد الهمداني قال حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن فضال عن أبيه عن أبى الحسن الرضا " ع " قال: انما سمى اولوا العزم اولى العزم النهم كانوا أصحاب العزايم والشرايع وذلك ان كل نبي كان بعد نوح " ع " كان على شريعته ومنهاجه وتابعا لكتابه إلى زمان إبراهيم الخليل

" ع "

Abu Al-Hassan Al-Rezaasws has said: ‘But rather, the Determined Ones (Ul Al-Azam) have been named as ‘The Determined Ones’ (Ul Al-Azam), because they used to be the owners of the Resolutions and the Law, and that is that every Prophetsaww who was after Noahas was upon hisas Law and hisas Manifesto and the follower of hisas Book up until the era of Ibrahim the Friendas.

وكل نبي كان في أيام إبراهيم وبعده كان على شريعة إبراهيم ومنهاجه وتابعا لكتابه إلى زمن موسى " ع " وكل نبي كان في زمن موسى " ع " وبعده كان على شريعة موسى ومنهاجه وتابعا لكتابه إى أيام عيسى " " وكل نبي كان في أيام

تابعا لكتابه إلى زمن نبينا محمد صلى هللا عليه وآله عيسى " ع " وبعده كان على منهاج عيسى وشريعته و

And a Prophetas who was during the days of Ibrahimas, and after himas was upon the Law of Ibrahimas and hisas Manifesto, and a follower of hisas Book up until the era of Musaas. And every Prophetas during the era of Musaas and after himas was upon the Law of Musaas and hisas Manifesto, and a follower of hisas Book up until the days of Isaas. And every Prophetas who was during the days of Isaas and after himas was upon the Manifesto of Isaas, and hisas Law, and a follower of hisas Book up until the era of our Prophetsaww.

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فهؤالء الخمسة هم اولوا العزم وهم أفضل االنبياء والرسل " ع " وشريعة محمد صلى هللا عليه وآله ال تنسخ إلى يوم فدمه مباح لكل من سمع ذلك منه.القيامة وال نبي بعده إلى يوم القيامة فمن ادعى بعد نبينا أو أتى بعد القرآن بكتاب

Thus, these are the five who are ‘The Determined Ones’ (Ul Al-Azam), and they are the highest of the Prophetsas and the Rasoolsas, and the Law of Muhammadsaww would not get Abrogated until the Day of Judgement, nor will there be a Prophetsaww after himsaww up to the Day of Judgement. So the one who claims (to be a Prophetas) after our Prophetsaww, or comes with a Book after the Quran, so his blood is Permissible (to be shed) by everyone who hears that from him’.14

العلة التى من أجلها أمر هللا تعالى بطاعة الرسل( )واالئمة صلوات هللا عليهم( - 311)باب

Chapter 102 – The reason due to which Allahazwj Commanded for the obedience to the Rasoolsaww and the Imamsasws

السعد آبادي عن احمد بن أبى عبد هللا عن حدثنا محمد بن موسى بن المتوكل رضى هللا عنه قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسين أبيه عن حماد بن عيسى عن ابن اذينة عن ابان بن أبى عياش عن سليم بن قيس قال سمعت أمير المؤمنين " ع " يقول انما الطاعة هلل عزوجل ولرسوله ولوالة االمر وانما أمر بطاعة أولى االمر النهم معصومون مطهرون وال يأمرون

بمعصيته.

Muhammad Bin Musa Bin Al Mutawakkal narrated to us, from Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Sa’ad Abady, from Ahmad Bin Abdu Abdullah, from his father, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Ibn Azina, from Aban Bin Abu Ayyash, from Suleym Bin Qays who said,

‘I heard Amir Al-Momineenasws saying: ‘But rather, the obedience is to Allahazwj and Hisazwj Rasoolsaww and the Mastersasws of the Command (Wali Al-Amr). But rather, Heazwj Commanded for the obedience to the Mastersasws of the Command because theyasws are Infallible, Purified, and they are not enjoining for the disobedience’.15

العلة التى من أجلها يحتاج إلى النبي واالمام عليهما السالم( - 311)باب

Chapter 103 – The reason due to which there is a need to the Prophetsaww and the Imamasws

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رضى هللا عنه قال حدثنا عبد العزيز بن يحيى قال حدثنا المغيرة بن محمد قال حدثنا رجاء بن سلمة عن عمرو ابن شمر، عن جابر بن يزيد الجعفي، قال: قلت البي جعفر محمد بن علي الباقر

عليه وآله واالمام؟ فقال لبقاء العالم على صالحه وذلك ان هللا عزوجل عليهما السالم الي شئ يحتاج إلى النبي صلى هللا يرفع العذاب عن أهل االرض إذا كان فيها نبي أو أمام قال هللا عزوجل وما كان هللا ليعذبهم وأنت فيهم

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abdul Aziz Bin Yahya, from Al Mugheira Bin Muhammad, from Raja’a Bin Salma, from Amro Ibn Shimr, from Jabir Bin Yazeed Al Ju’fy who said,

‘I said to Abu Ja’far Bin Muhammadasws Bin Ali Al-Baqirasws, ‘For which thing is there a need to the Prophetsaww and the Imamasws?’ So heasws said: ‘For the remaining of the knowledgeable one for his correctness, and that is the (reason that) Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Raised the Punishment from the people of the earth if there was

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a Prophetas or an Imamasws in it. Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Said [8:33] But Allah was not going to Punish them whilst you were among them.

ه النجوم أمان الهل السماء وأهل بيتي أمان الهل االرض فإذا ذهبت النجوم اتى اهل السماء وقال النبي صلى هللا عليه وآلما يكرهون وإذا ذهب اهل بيتي اتى أهل االرض ما يكرهون يعني باهل بيته االئمة الذين قرن هللا عزوجل طاعتهم

ر منكم( وهم المعصومون المطهرون الذين ال بطاعته فقال )يا أيها الذين آمنوا اطيعوا هللا واطيعوا الرسول وأولى االميذنبون وال يعصون وهم المؤيدون الموفقون المسددون بهم يرزق هللا عباده وبهم تعمر بالده وبهم ينزل القطر من السماء وبهم يخرج بركات االرض وبهم يمهل اهل المعاصي وال يعجل عليهم بالعقوبة والعذاب ال يفارقهم روح القدس وال

ونه وال يفارقون القرآن وال يفارقهم صلوات هللا عليهم أجمعين.يفارق

And the Prophetsaww said: ‘The stars are a security for the inhabitants of the sky, and the Peopleasws of mysaww Household are a security for the inhabitants of the earth. So if the stars were to go away, there would come to the inhabitants of the sky what they dislike, and if the Peopleasws of mysaww Household go away, there would come to the inhabitants of the earth what they dislike’ – meaning by the Peopleasws of the Household, the Imamsasws, the obedience to whom Allahazwj has Paired as being obedience to Himazwj, so Heazwj Said [4:59] O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Rasool and those in authority from among you, and theyasws are the Infallible, the Purified who are not committing any sins nor are theyasws disobeying (Allahazwj), and theyasws are the supporters, the conciliators, the Guides due to whom Allahazwj Sustains Hisazwj servants. It is due to themasws that Hisazwj Countries survive, and it is due to themasws that there are drops (of rain) from the sky, and it is due to themasws that the Blessings come out from the earth, and it is due to themasws that the Torment and the Punishment is delayed and is not hastened upon the people of the disobedience. Neither will the Holy Spirit separate from them nor would theyasws separate from it. Neither will theyasws separate from the Quran, nor would it separate from themasws’.16

العلة التى من أجلها صار النبي صلى هللا عليه وآله( )أفضل االنبياء عليهم السالم( - 311)

Chapter 104 – The reason due to which the Prophetsaww came to be higher than the (rest of the) Prophetsas

سعيد الكوفي قال: حدثنا جعفر بن حدثنا الحسن بن علي بن احمد الصايغ رضى هللا عنه قال: حدثنا احمد ابن محمد بن عبيدهللا عن الحسن بن محبوب عن صالح بن سهل عن ابى عبد هللا " ع " قال ان بعض قريش قال لرسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله باي شئ سبقت االنبياء وفضلت عليهم وأنت بعثت آخرهم وخاتمهم قال انى كنت أول من أقر بربي جل جالله

اخذ هللا ميثاق النبيين واشهدهم على انفسهم الست بربكم قالوا بلى فكنت اول نبي قال بلى فسبقتهم واول من أجاب حيث إلى االقرار باهلل عزوجل.

Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Ahmad Al Sani’e narrated to us, from Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Kufy, from Ja’far Bin Ubeydullah, from Al Hassan Bin Mahboub, from Salih Bin Sahl,

Abu Abdullahasws has said: ‘One of the Qureysh said to Rasool-Allahsaww, ‘With what thing do youasws preceded the (other) Prophetsas and have preference over themas, and yousaww have been Sent at the end of themas, and as theiras last one?’ Hesaww said: ‘Isaww was the first one who accepted mysaww Lordazwj, Majestic is Hisazwj Majesty, and the first one who answered when Heazwj Took the Covenant from the Prophetsas, [7:172] and made them testify against their own souls: Am I not

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your Lord? They said: Yes! We testify. So Isaww preceded them all to the acceptance of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic’.17

العلة التى من أجلها سمى النبي صلى هللا عليه وآله االمي( - 311)باب

Chapter 105 – The reason due to which the Prophetsaww was called ‘Al-Ummy’

أبى رحمه هللا قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد هللا عن احمد بن محمد بن عيسى عن ابن عبد هللا محمد بن خالد البرقى عن جعفر بن محمد الصوفى قال: سألت ابا جعفر محمد بن علي الرضا عليهما السالم فقلت يا بن رسول هللا لم سمي النبي االمي؟

مى االمي النه لم يحسن ان يكتب فقال: ما يقول الناس قلت يزعمون انه انما س

My father said, ‘Sa’ad Bin Abdullah narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Isa, from Ibn Abdullah Muhammad Bin Khalid Al Barqy, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Al Sowfy who said,

‘I asked Abu Ja’farasws Muhammadasws Bin Aliasws Al-Rezaasws, ‘O sonasws of the Rasool-Allahsaww, why has the Prophetsaww been called ‘Al-Ummy?’. Heasws said: ‘What are the people saying?’ I said, ‘They are alleging that hesaww has been called ‘Al-Ummy’ because heasws could not write well.’

يِّيَن َرُسوًلا ِمنأهُمأ يَتألُوا »عليه السالم(: فقال ) ُمِّ كذبوا عليهم لعنة هللا، أنى ذلك و هللا يقول في محكم كتابه: هَُو الَِّذي بََعَث فِي اْلأ

َمةَ فكيف كان يعلمهم ما لم يحسن؟ و هللا لقد ك يِهمأ َو يَُعلُِّمهُُم الأِكتاَب َو الأِحكأ ان رسوول هللا )لولى هللا عليوه و َعلَيأِهمأ آياتِِه َو يَُزكِّ

و سبعين لسانا، و إنما سمي اْلمي ْلنه كان من أهل مكة، و مكة من أمهات القور،، -أو قال بثالثة -آله( يقرأ و يكتب باثنين

لَها. و ذلك قول هللا عز و جل: لِتُنأِذَر أُمَّ الأقُر، َو َمنأ َحوأ

Heasws said: ‘They lie! Upon them be the Curse of Allahazwj, Iasws for that, say that Allahazwj has Said in the Decisive (Verse) of Hisazwj Book [62:2] He is the One Who Sent among the inhabitants of Mecca a Rasool from among themselves, reciting to them His Communications and purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Wisdom, How does hesaww teach them whilst not been well learned? By Allahazwj, the Rasool-Allahsaww was able to read and write seventy two’ - (or said) - ‘seventy three languages, and Heasws has been called ‘Al-Ummy’ because hesaww was from the inhabitants of Mecca, and Mecca is the mother of all towns, and that is in the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [6:92] And that you may warn the mother of towns (،أُمَّ الأقُر) and those around it’.

18

عنه قال حدثنا سعد بن عبد هللا قال حدثنا الحسن بن موسى الخشاب، عن علي بن حسان حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رضى هللا وعلي بن اسباط وغيره رفعه عن أبى جعفر " ع " قلت ان الناس يزعمون ان رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله لم يكتب وال

الذي بعث في االميين رسوال منهم يتلو يقرأ فقال كذبوا لعنهم هللا أنى يكون ذلك وقد يكون وقد قال هللا عزوجل )وهوعليهم آياته ويزكيهم ويعلمهم الكتاب والحكمة وان كانوا من قبل لفى ضالل مبين( فكيف يعلمهم الكتاب والحكمة وليس يحسن ان يقرأ ويكتب، قال قلت فلم سمي النبي االمي قال النه نسب إلى مكة وذلك قول هللا عزوجل لتنذر أم القرى ومن

ا قام القرى مكة فقيل أمي لذلك.حوله

And it has been narrated from Muhammad Bin Al-Hassan, from Sa’d Bin Abdullah, from Al-Hassan Bin Musa Al-Khashaab, from Ali Bin Hasaan, and Ali Bin Asbaat, and someone else, with a chain going up to,

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It was asked from Abu Ja’farasws that, ‘The people claim that Rasool-Allahsaww could not write or read.’ Heasws said: ‘They lie! Curse of Allahazwj be upon them. Iasws for that say that Allahazwj has Said [62:2] He it is Who Sent among the inhabitants of Mecca a Rasool from among themselves, reciting to them His Communications and purifying them, and teaching them the Book and the Wisdom, although they were from before in clear error. How did hesaww teach them the Book and the Wisdom, without being good at reading and writing?’ I said, ‘Why was the Prophetsaww called ‘Al-Ummy?’ Heasws said: ‘Heasws was established in Mecca, and that is the Statement of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [6:92] And that you may warn the mother of towns and those around her, and the mother of towns is Mecca. Thus, hesaww was Referred to as Ummy because of that.’19

حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن يحيى العطار رحمه هللا قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد هللا قال: حدثنا عبد هللا بن عامر عن عبد عبد هللا " ع " قال: سئل عن قول هللا عزوجل ىأبالرحمان بن أبى نجران عن يحيى بن عمران الحلبي عن ابيه عن

قال بكل لسان ()وأحى إلى هذا القرآن ال نذركم به ومن بلغ

Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Yahya Al Ataar narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah, from Abdullah Bin Aamir, from Abdul Rahman Bin Abu Najran, from Yahya Bin Imran Al Halby, from his father,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having been asked about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [6:19] and this Quran has been Revealed to me that with it I may warn you, and whomsoever it reaches. Heasws said: ‘By every language’.20

الحسين بن أبى الخطاب عن شريف بن سابق حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رحمه هللا قال: حدثنا سعد بن عبد هللا بن محمد ابن التفليسي، عن الفضل بن ابى قرة عن أبى عبد هللا " ع " في قول يوسف أجعلني على خزائن االرض انى حفيظ عليم، قال

حفيظ بما تحت يدي عليم بكل لسان.

Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Sa’ad Bin Abdullah Bin Muhammad Ibn Al Husayn Bin Abu Al Khatab, from Shareef Bin Sabiq Al Tafleysi, from Al Fazal Bin Abu Qarat,

(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws regarding the words of Yusufas [12:55] He said: Place me (in authority) over the treasures of the land, I am a good keeper, knowing well. Heasws said: ‘A keeper of whatever was under hisas hand (control), and a knower of every language’.21

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رضى هللا عنه قال: حدثنا أبو العباس احمد بن اسحاق الماذرانى بالبصرة عبد الملك بن محمد قال حدثنا غانم بن الحسن السعدي قال: حدثنا مسلم بن خالد المكي عن جعفر ابن قال: حدثنا أبو قالبة

محمد عن أبيه عليهما السالم قال: ما أنزل هللا تعالى كتابا وال وحيا إال بالعربية فكان يقع في مسامع االنبياء عليهما السالم فإذا كلم به قومه كلمهم بالعربية فيقع في مسامعهم بلسانهم وكان احدنا ال بألسنة قومهم وكان يقع في مسامع نبينا بالعربية

يخاطب رسول هللا باي لسان خاطبه إال وقع في مسامعه بالعربية كل ذلك يترجم جبرئيل " ع " عنه تشريفا من هللا عزوجل له.

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Abu Al Abbas Ahmad Bin Is’haq Al Maazarany at Al Basra, from Abu Qalba Abdul Malik Bin Muhammad, from Ghanim Bin Al Hassan Al Sa’ady, from Muslim Bin Khalid Al Makky,

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from Ja’far Ibn Muhammadasws, from hisasws fatherasws having said: ‘Allahazwj did not Send down a Book, nor a Revelation except in Arabic. So it used to occur in the hearing of the Prophetsas in the language of theiras people, and it used to occur in the hearing of our Prophetsaww in Arabic. So whenever theyas used to speak to theiras people, did so in Arabic, and it used to occur in their hearings in their own language. And one of us would not address Rasool-Allahazwj in whichever language except that it would occur in hissaww hearing in Arabic. All that was translated by Jibraeelas in hissaww honour, from Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic’.22

العلة التى من أجلها سمى النبي صلى هللا عليه وآله محمد وأحمد( )وأبا القاسم وبشيرا ونذيرا وداعيا - 311)باب واحيد وموقفا ومعقبا(وماحيا وعاقبا وحاشرا( )

Chapter 106 – The reason due to which the Prophetsaww was named as ‘Muhammad’, and ‘Ahmad’, and ‘Abu Al Qasim’, and ‘Basheer’, and ‘Nazeer’, and ‘Da’aiy’, and ‘Mahiya’, and ‘Aaqib’, and ‘Haashira’, and ‘Aheed’, and ‘Moqafa’, and ‘Maqaba’

حدثنا محمد بن علي ماجيلويه رضى هللا عنه قال: حدثنا عمي محمد بن أبى القاسم عن احمد بن ابى عبد هللا، عن ابى الحسن علي بن الحسين البرقى، عن عبد هللا بن جبلة، عن معاوية بن عمار، عن الحسن بن عبد هللا بن آبائه عن جده

ن اليهود إلى رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله فسأله اعلمهم فيما سأله الحسن بن علي بن أبى طالب " ع " قال: جاء نفر م فقال الي شئ سميت محمد وأحمد وابا القاسم وبشيرا ونذيرا وداعيا؟

Muhammad Bin Ali Majaylawiya narrated to us, from an uncle of Muhammad Bin Abu Al Qasim, from Ahmad Bin Abu Abdullah, from Abu Al Hassan Ali Bin Al Husayn Al Barqy, from Abdullah Bin Jabala, from Muawiya, from Amaar, from Al Hassan Bin Abdullah, from his forefathers,

(It has been narrated) from his grandfatherasws Al-Hassanasws Bin Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws having said: ‘There came a number of Jews to Rasool-Allahsaww. So they asked himsaww, and hesaww let them know with regards to what they had asked himsaww. So (one of them) asked, ‘For which thing (reason) have yousaww been named as ‘Muhammad’, and ‘Ahmad’, and ‘Abu Al-Qasim’, and ‘Basheer’, and ‘Nazeer’, and ‘Da’aiy’?’

فقال النبي صلى هللا عليه وآله أما محمد فإنى محمود في االرض وأما احمد فإنى محمود في السماء وأما أبو القاسم فإن ويقسم قسمة الجنة فمن آمن بى واقر هللا عزوجل يقسم يوم القيامة قسمة النار فمن كفربي من االولين واآلخرين ففى النار

بنبوتي ففي الجنة وأما الداعي فإنى أدعوا الناس إلى دين ربى عزوجل وأما النذير فإنى انذر بالنار من عصاني وأما البشير فإنى ابشر بالجنة من أطاعني.

So the Prophetsaww said: ‘As for ‘Muhammad’, so Isaww am the praised one in the earth; and as for ‘Ahmad’, so Isaww am the praised one in the sky; and as for ‘Abu Al-Qasim’, so Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic would Divide the Fire on the Day of Judgement, so the one who rejected mesaww, from the former ones and the later ones, so he would be in the Fire. And Heazwj would Divide a division of the Paradise, so the one who believe in mesaww, and accepted with mysaww Prophet-hood, so he would be in the Paradise. And as for ‘Al Da’aiy’, so Isaww call the people to the Religion of mysaww Lordazwj Mighty and Majestic. And as for ‘Al-Nazeer’, so Isaww warn

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of the Fire to the one who disobeys mesaww. And as for ‘Al-Basheer’, so Isaww give the good news of the Paradise to the one who obeys mesaww’.23

حدثنا محمد بن إبراهيم بن اسحاق الطالقاني رضى هللا عنه قال: حدثنا احمد بن محمد بن سعيد الكوفي قال حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن فضال عن أبيه قال سألت ابا الحسن " ع " فقلت له لم كنى النبي صلى هللا عليه وآله بابى القاسم؟ فقال النه

كان له ابن يقال له قاسم فكنى به

Muhammad Bin Ibrahim Bin Is’haq Al Talaqany narrated to us, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Bin Saeed Al Kufy, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazaal, from his father who said,

‘I asked Abu Al-Hassanasws, so I said to himasws, ‘Why was the Prophetsaww teknonymed with ‘Abu Al-Qasim’?’ So heasws said to him: ‘Because hesaww had a son called ‘Qasim’, thus hesaww was teknonymed due to him’.

قال فقلت له يابن رسول هللا فهل تراني أهال للزيادة؟ فقال نعم، أنا علمت ان رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله قال: أنا وعلي ابوا هذه االمة قلت بلى، قال اما علمت ان رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله أب لجميع أمته وعلي " ع " فيهم بمنزلته؟ فقلت

بلى

He (the narrator) said, ‘So I said to himasws, ‘O sonasws of Rasool-Allahsaww! So do youasws see me as one deserving of the increase (in the information)?’ So heasws said: ‘Yes. Do you know that Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Isaww and Aliasws are the two fathers of this community?’ I said, ‘Yes’. Heasws said: ‘But, do you know that Rasool-Allahsaww is the father of the entirety of hissaww community, and Aliasws is among them, is of hissaww status?’ So I said, ‘Yes’.

قال اما علمت ان عليا قاسم الجنة والنار قلت بلى قال فقيل له أبو القاسم النه أبو قسيم الجنة والنار فقلت له وما معنى ذلك؟ فقال ان شفقة النبي صلى هللا عليه وآله على أمته شفقة اآلباء على االوالد وأفضل امته علي " ع " ومن بعده شفقة

عليه وآله النه وصيه وخليفته واالمام بعده فلذلك قال صلى هللا عليه وآله انا وعلى علي " ع " عليهم كشفقته صلى هللا أبوا هذه االمة،

Heasws said: ‘But, do you know that Aliasws is the Distributor of the Paradise and the Fire?’ I said, ‘Yes’. Heasws said: ‘So hesaww was referred to as ‘Abu Al-Qasim’ because hesaww is the father of the Distributor of the Paradise and the Fire’. So I said to himasws, ‘And what is the meaning of that?’ So heasws said: ‘The compassion of the Prophetsaww upon hissaww community is that of the compassion of the fathers upon the children, and the best of hissaww community is Aliasws. And after himsaww, is the compassion of Aliasws upon them, just like hissaww compassion, because heasws is hissaww successorasws, and hissaww Caliph, and the Imamasws from after himsaww. Thus, it is due to that, hesaww said: ‘Isaww and Aliasws are the two fathers of this community’.

وصعد النبي صلى هللا عليه وآله المنبر فقال من ترك دينا أو ضياعا فعلي والي، ومن ترك ماال فلورثته فصار بذلك أولى وكذلك امير المؤمنين " ع " بعده جرى ذلك له مثل ما جرى بهم من آبائهم وأمهاتهم وصار أولى بهم منهم بانفسهم

لرسول هللا صى هللا عليه وآله وسلم.

And the Prophetsaww ascended the Pulpit and said: ‘The one who leaves debts or losses, so it (responsibility) is upon mesaww and to mesaww, and the one who leaves wealth, so it is for his inheritors’. Thus, by that hesaww became closer to them than their own (biological) fathers and mothers, and became closer to them than their own

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selves. And like that is Amir Al-Momineenasws after himsaww. That flowed for himasws like what flowed for Rasool-Allahsaww’.24

Abu Al Husayn Muhammad Bin Ali Bin Al Shah narrated to us, from Abu Bakr Muhammad Bin Ja’far Bin Ahmad Al Baghdady, from his father, from Ahmad Bin Al Sakht, from Muhammad Bin al Aswad Al Waraq, from Ayoub Bin Suleyman, from Hafs Bin Al Bakhtary, from Muhammad Bin Hameed, from Muhammad Bin Am Mankadar, from Jabir Bin Abdullah who said,

حدثنا أبو الحسين محمد بن علي بن الشاه قال: حدثنا أبو بكر محمد بن جعفر بن احمد البغدادي بآمد قال: حدثنا ابى قال: السخت قال حدثنا محمد بن االسود الوراق عن أيوب بن سليمان عن حفص بن البختري عن محمد بن حدثنا احمد بن

حميد عن محمد بن المنكدر عن جابر بن عبد هللا قال: قال رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله انا اشبه الناس بآدم وإبراهيم وبين هللا وصفي وبشرني على لسان كل رسول بعثه أشبه الناس بى خلقه وخلقه وسماني هللا من فوق عرشه عشرة اسماء

هللا إلى قومه وسماني ونشر في التوراة اسمى وبث ذكري في اهل التوراة واالنجيل وعلمني كتابه ورفعني في سمائه

‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Isaww am the one who resembles Adamas the most from the people, and Ibrahimas resembles mesaww the most from the people, in hisas creation and hisas manners, and Allahazwj has Named meas from above Hisazwj Throne with ten names and Described mesaww, and Gave mysaww glad tidings upon the tongues of every Rasoolsaww that Allahazwj Sent to hisas people, and Named mesaww, and Publicised mysaww name in the Torah, and Broadcast mysaww remembrance among the people of the Torah, and the Evangel, and Taught mesaww Hisazwj Book, and Raised mesaww to Hisazwj sky.

وهو محمود وأخرجني في خير قرن من أمتي وجعل اسمي في التوراة احيد وشق لي أسما من اسمائه فسماني محمدا فبالتوحيد حرم اجساد امتي على النار وسماني في االنجيل احمد فانا محمود في اهل السماء وجعل أمتي الحامدين وجعل

ا فانا محمود في اسمي في الزبور ماحي محى هللا عزوجل بي من االرض وعبادة االوثان وجعل اسمي في القرآن محمد جميع القيامة في فصل القضاء ال يشفع احد غيري

And Heazwj Endowed for mesaww a Name from Hisazwj Names, so Heazwj Named mesaww as ‘Muhammad’, and Heazwj is the Praised One, and Raised mesaww among the best generation of mysaww communities. And Heazwj Made mysaww name to be in the Torah as ‘Aheed’. So, it was due to the Oneness that Heazwj Forbade the bodies of mysaww community upon the Fire. And Heazwj Named mesaww in the Evangel as ‘Ahmad’. Thus, Isaww am the praised one among the inhabitants of the sky, and Heazwj Made mysaww community to be the praising ones. And Heazwj Made mysaww name in the Psalms to be ‘Mahiya’, so Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic would Obliterate (Mahou) the worshipping of the idols from the earth. And Heazwj Made mysaww name in the Quran to be ‘Muhammad’, so Isaww am the praised one among the gathered ones on the Day of Judgement with regards to the Decision and the Judgement. No one would intercede apart from mesaww.

القيامة حاشرا يحشر الناس على قدمى وسماني الموقف أوقف الناس بين يدي هللا عز وجل وسماني العاقب وسماني في انا عقب النبيين ليس بعدي رسول وجعلني رسول الرحمة ورسول المالحم والمقتفى قفيت النبيين جماعة وانا المقيم

الكامل الجامع

And Heazwj Named mesaww for the Day of Judgement as ‘Haashira’, the people being crammed to be in front of mesaww. And Hesaww Named mesaww as ‘Al-Mowqaf’, for Isaww would be pausing the people in front of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic. And Heazwj Named mesaww as ‘Al-Aaqib’, (because) Isaww am the end result of the Prophets, there

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not being any Rasoolas to come after mesaww. And Heazwj Made mesaww to be the Rasoolsaww of the Mercy, and a Rasoolsaww of the epic (after a long series of Prophetsas), and ‘Al-Muqtafi’, being similar to the group of the Prophetsas. And Isaww am ‘Al-Muqeem’, and Isaww am a fully inclusive resident.

ومن علي ربي وقال لي يا محمد صلى هللا عليك فقد ارسلت كل رسول إلى أمته بلسانها وارسلتك إلى كل احمر واسود من خلقي ونصرتك بالرعب الذي لم انصر به احدا واحللت لك الغنيمة ولم تحل الحد قبلك واعطيتك لك والمتك كنزا من

لك وألمتك االرض كلها مسجداو ترابها طهورا واعطيت لك كنوز عرشي فاتحة الكتاب وخاتمة سورة البقرة وجعلت والمتك التكبير وقرنت ذكرك بذكري حتى ال يذكرنى احد من امتك إال ذكرك مع ذكري فطوبى لك يا محمد والمتك.

And mysaww Lordazwj Favoured upon mesaww and Said to mesaww: “O Muhammadsaww! May Blessings be upon yousaww, Iazwj have Sent every Rasoolas to hisas community with its language, and Sent yousaww to every red one, and black one from Myazwj creatures, and Helped yousaww with the awe (wonder) which Iazwj did not Help anyone (else) with, and Made Permissible for yousaww, the war booty, and have not Made it Permissible to anyone before yousaww and Given yousaww, for yousaww and for yoursaww community, a treasure from the treasures of Myazwj Throne – the Opening of the Book (Surah Al-Fatiha) and the end part of the Surah Al-Baqarah. And Iazwj have Made the earth, to be for yousaww and for yoursaww community, all of it, as a Masjid (a place of Prostration), and its dust to be a means of purification. And Iazwj Gave to yousaww and to yoursaww community, the Exclamation of Greatness (Takbeer), and Paired yoursaww mention and Myazwj Mention, to the extent that no one from yoursaww community would mention Meazwj, except that he would (have to) mention yousaww along with Myazwj Mention. So Good News be to yousaww, O Muhammadsaww, and to yoursaww community’.25

العلة التى من أجلها قال هللا عز وجل لنبيه صلى هللا( )عليه وآله فان كنت في شك مما أنزلنا اليك فاسأل - 319)باب الذين( )يقرؤن الكتاب من قبلك(

Chapter 107 – The reason due to which Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Said to Hisazwj Prophetsaww [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you

بن محمد ابن مسعود، عن أبيه، قال: حدثنا حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوي )رضي هللا عنه(، قال: حدثنا جعفر

علي بن عبد هللا، عن بكر بن لالح، عن أبي الخير، عن محمد بن حسان، عن محمد بن عيسى، عن محمد بن إسماعيل

أن موسى -و كان ممن يصحب موسى بن محمد بن علي الرضا )عليه السالم( -الداري، عن محمد بن سعيد اإلذخري

ا أَنأَزلأنا أخبره، أن يحيى بن أك ثم كتب إليه يسأله عن مسائل، فيها: و أخبرني عن قول هللا عز و جل: فَإِنأ ُكنأَت فِي َشكٍّ ِممَّ

ئَِل الَِّذيَن يَقأَرُؤَن الأِكتاَب ِمنأ قَبألَِك من المخاطب باًلية؟ فإن كان المخاطب بها النبي )للى هللا عليه و آله( أليس قد إِلَيأَك فَسأ ل هللا عز و جل إليه؟ و إن كان المخاطب غيره فعلى غيره إذن أنزل القرآن؟شك فيما أنز

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Al Alawy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Ibn Masoud, from his father, from Ali Bin Abdullah, from Bakr Bin Salih, from Abu Al Khayr, from Muhammad Bin Hisan, from Muhammad Bin Isa, from Muhammad Bin Ismail Al Dary,

(It has been narrated) from Muhammad Bin Saeed Al-Azkhary – and he was from the ones who were the companions of Musa Bin Muhammad Bin Ali Al-Rezaasws – that Musa informed him that Yahya Bin Aksam wrote to him asking him about a

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problem, and in it was, ‘And inform me about the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you, who is being Addressed by this Verse? For, if it was the Prophetsaww who was being Addressed, did hesaww have doubt in what Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic had Revealed unto himsaww? And if it was someone else, so is it upon someone else that the Quran had been Revealed?’

ئَِل »فسألت أخي علي بن محمد )عليهما السالم( عن ذلك، فقال: قال موسى: ا أَنأَزلأنا إِلَيأَك فَسأ أما قوله: فَإِنأ ُكنأَت فِي َشكٍّ ِممَّ

ز و الَِّذيَن يَقأَرُؤَن الأِكتاَب ِمنأ قَبألَِك فإن المخاطب بذلك رسول هللا )للى هللا عليه و آله(، و لم يكن في شك مما أنزل هللا ع

و لكن قالت الجهلة: كيف ًل يبعث إلينا نبيا من المالئكة؟ إنه لم يفرق بينه و بين غيره في اًلستغناء عن المأكل و جل،

المشرب و المشي في اْلسواق.

Musa said, ‘So I asked my brotherasws, Aliasws Bin Muhammadasws about that, so heasws said: ‘As for Hisazwj Words [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you, so the one Addressed by that is Rasool-Allahsaww, and it was not the doubt about what Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic had Revealed unto himsaww, but the ignoramuses said, ‘How come there has not been Sent to us a Prophetas from the Angels?’ They could not differentiate between himsaww and others with regards to being self-sufficient from the eating, and the drinking, and the walking in the markets.

ئَِل الَِّذيَن يَقأَرُؤَن الأِكتاَب ِمنأ قَبألَِك بمحضر من الجهلة، هل بعث هللافأوحى هللا عز و جل إلى نبيه )للى هللا عليه و آله(: فَسأ

رسوًل قبلك إًل و هو يأكل الطعام و يمشي في اْلسواق؟ و لك بهم أسوة، و إنما قال: فَإِنأ ُكنأَت فِي َشكٍّ و لم يكن ، و لكن

ُع أَبأناَءنا َو أَبأناَءُكمأ َو نِساَءنا َو نِساَءُكمأ َو أَنأفَُسنا َو أَنأفَُسُكمأ ثُمَّ نَبأتَِهلأ كما قال له )للى هللا عليه و آله(:لينصفهم، ا نَدأ فَقُلأ تَعالَوأِ َعلَى الأكاِذبِيَن و لو قال: تعالوا نبتهل فنجعل لعنة هللا عليكم. نََت هللاَّ َعلأ لَعأ فَنَجأ

So, Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Revealed unto Hisazwj Prophetsaww ask those who read the Book before you in the presence of the ignorance, ‘Has Allahazwj ever Sent a Rasoolas except that heas ate the food, and walked in the markets? And for yousaww theyas were examples. But rather, Heazwj Said [10:94] But if you are in doubt, and did not Say, ‘But in order to do justice to them’, just as Heazwj Said to himsaww [3:61] then say: Come let us call our sons and your sons and our women and your women and our selves and your selves, then imprecate, so let the Curse of Allah be upon the liars. And Heazwj could have Said: “Come, let us imprecate, so let the Curse of Allahazwj be upon the liars”.

سالته، و ما هو من الكاذبين، و كذلك عرف لم يكونوا يجيبون للمباهلة و قد عرف أن نبيه )للى هللا عليه و آله( مؤد عنه ر

«.النبي )للى هللا عليه و آله( أنه لادق فيما يقول، و لكن أحب أن ينصف من نفسه

They (the Christians of Najran) would not have been able to answer to the imprecation and would have recognised that hesaww is indeed Allahazwj Prophetsaww, a performer in accordance with Hisazwj Message, and hesaww is not from the liars, and thus recognise the Prophetsaww that hesaww is a truthful with regards to what hesaww is saying, but Iazwj Loved it that hesaww should do justice from himself’.26

حدثنا محمد بن الحسن رضى هللا عنه قال: حدثنا الحسين بن الحسن ابن أبان، عن الحسين بن سعيد، عن حماد بن عيسى، عن إبراهيم بن عمير رفعه إلى أحدهما في قول هللا عز وجل لنبيه صلى هللا عليه وآله )فان كنت في شك مما انزلنا اليك

قبلك( قال: قال رسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله ال أشك وال أسأل.فاسأل الذين يقرؤن الكتاب من

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Muhammad Bin Al Hassan narrated to us, from Al Husayn Bin Al Hassan Bin Abaan, from Al Husayn Bin Saeed, from Hamaad Bin Isa, from Ibrahim Bin Umar,

It was asked from the one of the two (5th or 6th Imamasws) regarding the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic to Hisazwj Prophetsaww [10:94] But if you are in doubt as to what We have Revealed to you, ask those who read the Book before you. Heasws said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘Isaww do not doubt, nor do Isaww Question’.27

علة تسليم النبي صلى هللا عليه وآله على الصبيان( - 318)باب

Chapter 108 – Reason for the Prophetsaww greeting the children

حدثنا المظفر بن جعفر بن المظفر العلوي السمرقندي رضى هللا عنه قال: حدثنا جعفر بن محمد بن مسعود عن أبيه ابى النصر محمد بن مسعود العياشي قال: حدثنا علي بن الحسن بن علي بن فضال قال: حدثنا محمد بن الوليد عن العباس ابن هالل عن علي بن موسى الرضا " ع " عن أبيه موسى بن جعفر عن أبيه جعفر ابن محمد عن ابيه محمد بن علي عن

ي بن أبى طالب عليهم السالم قال: قال رسول هللا صلى هللا أبيه علي بن الحسين عن أبيه الحسين بن علي عن أبيه علعليه وآله خمس ال أدعهن حتى الممات االكل على الحضيض مع العبيد وركوبي الحمار مؤكفا وحلبي العنز بيدي ولبس

الصوف والتسليم على الصبيان ليكون ذلك سنة من بعدي.

Al Muzaffar Bin Ja’far Bin Al Muzaffar Al Alawy Al Samarqandy narrated to us, from Ja’far Bin Muhammad Bin Masoud, from his father, from Abu Al Nasar Muhammad Bin Masoud Al Ayyashi, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Ali Bin Fazaal, from Muhammad Bin Al Waleed, from Al Abbas Ibn Hilal,

(It has been narrated) from Aliasws Bin Musa Al-Rezaasws, from hisasws fatherasws Musaasws Bin Ja’farasws, from hisasws fatherasws Ja’farasws Bin Muhammadasws, from hisasws fatherasws Muhammadasws Bin Aliasws, from hisasws fatherasws Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws, from hisasws fatherasws Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws, from hisasws fatherasws Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws having said: ‘Rasool-Allahsaww said: ‘There are five (characteristics) that Isaww shall not leave till the death – Eating upon the low ground along with the slaves, and riding the donkey with the saddle, and milking the goat with mysaww own hands, and wearing wool, and the greeting to the children, in order for that to be a Sunnah from after mesaww’.28

من أجلها أيتم هللا عز وجل نبيه صلى هللا عليه وآله(العلة التى - 331)باب

Chapter 110 – The reason due to which Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Made Hisazwj Prophetsaww to be an orphan

الحسن بن حدثنا حمزة بن محمد العلوي رضى هللا عنه قال: حدثنا أبو العباس احمد ابن محمد الكوفي، عن علي بن فضال عن اخيه عن احمد بن محمد ابن عبد هللا بن مروان عن ابن أبى عمير عن بعض أصحابه عن أبى عبد هللا " ع "

قال ان هللا عز وجل أيتم نبيه صلى هللا عليه وآله لئال يكون الحد عليه طاعة.

Hamza Bin Muhammad Al Alawy narrated to us, from Abu Al Abbas Ahmad Ibn Muhammad Al Kufy, from Ali Bin Al Hassan Bin Fazaal, from his brother, from Ahmad Bin Muhammad Ibn Abdullah Bin Marwan, from Ibn Abu Umeyr, from one of his companions,

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(It has been narrated) from Abu Abdullahasws having said: ‘Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Made Hisazwj Prophetsaww to be an orphan that there would not happen to be anyone hesaww had to be obedient to’.29

العلة التى من أجلها لم يبق لرسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله ولد( - 333)باب

Chapter 111 – The reason due to which a son did not remain for Rasool-Allahsaww

أخبرنا علي بن حاتم القزويني فيما كتب إلى قال: اخبرنا القاسم بن محمد قال حدثنا حمدان بن الحسين عن الحسين بن الوليد عن عبد هللا بن حماد عن عبد هللا ابن سنان عن ابى عبد هللا " ع " قال: قلت له الي علة لم يبق لرسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله ولد قال الن هللا عز وجل خلق محمدا صلى هللا عليه وآله نبينا وعليا عليه السالم وصيا فلو كان لرسول هللا ولد من بعده لكان أولى برسول هللا صلى هللا عليه وآله من امير المؤمنين فكانت ال تثبت وصية امير المؤمنين عليه

السالم.

Ali Bin Haatim Al Qazwiny informed us with regards to what was written to him, from Al Qasim Bin Muhammad, from Hamdan Bin Al Husayn, from Al Husayn Bin Al Waleed, from Abdullah Bin Hamaad, from Abdullah Ibn Sinan,

(The narrator says) ‘I said to Abu Abdullahasws, ‘Why did there not remain a son for Rasool-Allahsaww?’ Heasws said: ‘Because Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic Created Muhammadsaww as our Prophetsaww, and Aliasws as a successorasws. So if there was a son for Rasool-Allahsaww from after himsaww, he would have been closer with Rasool-Allahsaww than Amir Al-Momineenasws, so the successorship of Amir Al-Momineenasws would not have been affirmed’.30

علة المعراج( - 331)باب

Chapter 112 – Reason for the Ascension (Mi’raaj)

حدثنا محمد بن احمد بن السنانى وعلي بن احمد بن محمد الدقاق والحسين ابن إبراهيم بن احمد بن هشام المؤدب وعلى بن عبد هللا الوراق رضى هللا عنهم قالوا حدثنا محمد بن ابى عبد هللا الكوفي االسدي، عن موسى بن عمران النخعي عن

عن أبيه عن ثابت بن دينار قال سألت زين العابدين على بن الحسين بن عمه الحسين بن يزيد النوفلي عن على بن سالم على بن أبى طالب " ع " عن هللا جل جالله هل يوصف بمكان فقال تعالى عن ذلك

Muhammad Bin Ahmad Al-Sanany narrated to us, from Ali Bin Ahmad Bin Muhammad Daqaq, and Al-Husayn Bin Ibrahim Bin Hisham Al-Mowdab, and Ali Bin Abdullah Al-Waraq, from Muhammad Bin Abu Abdullah Al-Kufy Al-Asady, from Musa Bin Umran Al-Nakha’ie, from his uncle Al-Husayn Bin Yazeed Al-Nowfaly, from Ali Bin Salim, from his father, from Sabit Ibn Dinar who said,

‘I asked Zayn Al-Abideenasws Aliasws Bin Al-Husaynasws Bin Aliasws Bin Abu Talibasws about Allahazwj Majestic is Hisazwj Majesty, can Heazwj be described with a place?’ So heasws said: ‘Allahazwj is Higher than that’.

ليريه ملكوت السماوات و ما فيها من عجائب لونعه و بودائ »السماء؟ قال: قلت: لم أسر، بنبيه )للى هللا عليه و آله( إلى

نى؟ قال: «.خلقه َسيأِن أَوأ أَدأ ذاك رسول هللا )للى هللا عليوه و آلوه(، دنوا »قلت: فقول هللا عز و جل: ثُمَّ َدنا فَتََدلَّى فَكاَن قاَب قَوأعليه و آله( فنظر من تحته إلى ملكوت اْلرض، حتى ظن أنوه من حجب النور، فرأ، ملكوت السماوات، ثم تدلى )للى هللا

«.في القرب من اْلرض كقاب قوسين أو أدنى

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I said, ‘Why did Heazwj Make Hisazwj Prophetsaww to ascend to the sky?’ Heasws said: ‘To Make himsaww see the Kingdoms of the skies and whatever is in these from the wonders of Hisazwj Making and Hisazwj creatures’. I said, ‘So (what about) the Words of Allahazwj Mighty and Majestic [53:8] Then he approached, so he bowed [53:9] So he was the measure of two bows or even closer?’ Heasws said: ‘That is Rasool-Allahsaww, approaching the Veils of the Light.

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