Volume 25, Issue 2, 2005/2006

7/30/2019 Volume 25, Issue 2, 2005/2006

1/15

AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443 >

AALILipwaizzir ec zhi Anp Akornrknlw ec Lip Il`anljSeayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443

Lipw

Cer zhi ecckgi ec Skgi Triwkjilz%Triwkjilz Iaigz

Jnskj F, Zyrmnae

Nwwkwznlz Jkrigzer cer Zighlkgna Wirskgiw

Wycceam Ylksirwkz{ Anp Akornr{

Cer zhi ecckgi ec Zrinwyrir (zpe {inr zirf+

Nlli G, Tizirw

Jkrigzer ec Jisiaetfilz

Wegkna Anp Akornr{

Cer zhi ecckgi ec Ijygnzkel Jkrigzer (zpe {inr zirf+

_ioiggn Onajpkl Il`woir`

_icirilgi%Zighlkgna Wirskgiw Akornrknl

^ykllktkng Ylksirwkz{ Wgheea ec Anp Akornr{

AALI Nlleylgiw Wanzi ec Lefkliiw

Zhi AALI ?449 Lefklnzkl` Geffkzzii ec Jnrg{ Mkrm! A{ll _nljnaa nlj Gnzh{ Oriil triwilzij zhi ceaaepkl` wanzi

ec Ecckgirw cer Iaigzkel nz zhi ?449 Nllyna Fiizkl`2

Triwkjilz

Fkghiaai TinrwiOkoake`rnthir cer Nl`ae&Nfirkgnl Anp

Hnrsnrj Anp Wgheea Akornr{

Tnwz Triwkjilz

_n~yia F, Erzk

Hinj ec _icirilgi Wirskgiw

Oewzel Ylksirkwz{ & Tnttnw Anp Akornr{

Wyofkzzij o{ Gnzhirkli Oriil cer zhi Lefklnzkl` Geffkzzii

Kl njjkzkel! gelzklykl` el zhi AALI Oenrj nri2

Wigriznr{

Mnzhaiil J, CaizghirGnznae`ykl` Akornrknl

Crnlmakl Tkirgi Anp Gilzir Anp Akornr{

Ijygnzkel Jkrigzer

Iankli Ntewzean

Anp Akornrknl

Fkrkgm EGelliaa

7/30/2019 Volume 25, Issue 2, 2005/2006

2/15? AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443

Cerpnrj Fifoirwhkt Lipw kzifw zezhi Ijkzer er ze zhi ceaaepkl`2

GelligzkgyzHnrzcerj%Lerzhirl GelligzkgyzWywnl WisireYlksirwkz{ ec GelligzkgyzWgheea ec Anp Akornr{7; Iaknoizh Wz,

Hnrzcerj! GZ 43>49&??>7(834+ 904&9437= cnx2 (834+ 904&9>4:wwisireDanp,ygell,ijy

[nai%Lip HnsilFkghiaai Wyaaksnl[nai Anp Akornr{>?0 Pnaa Wz,

Lip Hnsil! GZ 439?4(?47+ :7?&3::7= cnx2 (?47+ :7?&;3;?fkghiaai,wyaaksnlD{nai,ijy

FnkliA{ll _nljnaaAnp # Ai`kwanzksi _icirilgi Akornr{Wznzi Heywi WznzkelNy`ywzn! FI 4:777

(?40+?80&>344= cnx2(?40+?80&?:30A{ll,_nljnaaDai`kwanzyri,fnkli,`es

FnwwnghywizzwInwzirlMnrkl ZhyrfnlGeffelpinazh ec FnwwnghywizzwEcckgi ec Nzzerli{ @ilirna Akornr{?4zh Caeer! Eli Nwhoyrzel TangiOewzel! FN 4?>48&>3;8(3>0+ 0?0&??44 x?4;= cnx2 (3>0+ 0?0&9038mnrkl,zhyrfnlDn`e,wznzi,fn,yw

PiwzirlOellki A, Meliwmk&PhkzigcpoapDnea,gef

Zrkna Geyrz Anp AkornrkiwGnrea Fkghnyjg%e Ta{feyzh Anp Akornr{Geylz{ Geffkwwkelirw Oykajkl`>> W, _ywwiaa Wz,Ta{feyzh! FN 4?734(3>0+ 0:0&:0;3= cnx2 (948+ 0:3&;088

Lip HnftwhkriMnzh{ Caizghir

Lip Hnftwhkri Anp Akornr{Wytrifi Geyrz Oykajkl`Eli Leoai JrksiGelgerj! LH 4774>(347+ ?0>&7000mcaizghirDgeyrzw,wznzi,lh,yw

_heji KwanljMnril ^ykll_heji Kwanlj Wznzi Anp Akornr{Crnlm Akghz Byjkgkna Geftaix! ?94 Oilickz Wz,Treskjilgi! _K 4?;47(:4>+ ?00&7?09= cnx2 (:4>+ ?00&7839

SirfelzGhrkwzkli _{nlSirfelz Anp WgheeaByakil nlj Skr`klkn Gerliaa Akornr{; Ghiawin Wz,! T,E, Oex 34Weyzh _e{nazel! SZ 49438(84?+ 037&8747 x?::8= cnx2 (84?+ 037&0>9;gr{nlDsirfelzanp,ijy

ZNOAI EC GELZILZW

Cinzyri Nrzkgaiw

Kl Isir{ Kwwyi

Zhi Anp Akornrknlw ec Lip Il`anlj (AALI+ kw n ghntzir ec zhi NfirkgnlNwwegknzkel ec Anp Akornrkiw,AALI Lipw! zhi ghntzir lipwaizzir! kw tyoakwhij~ynrzira{ el zhi AALI piotn`i nz hzzt2%%ppp,nnaaliz,er`%ghntzirw%aali, AALI

jeiw lez nwwyfi nl{ riwtelwkokakz{ cer zhi wznzifilzw njsnlgij o{ zhi gelzrkoy&zerw zeAALI Lipw ler je zhi skipw ixtriwwij ligiwwnrka{ ritriwilz zhi skipw ecAALI er kzw fifoirw, Nl{ ~yiwzkelw gelgirlkl`AALI Lipw klgayjkl` ri~yiwzwcer ritrklzw wheyaj oi jkrigzij ze2

Wywnl F, Cnrn`eOywkliww Fnln`ir! AALI Lipw

Wegkna Anp Akornr{Oewzel! FN 4?>48

(3>0+ 9?7&44>8! Ixz, 74:= cnx (3>0+ 9?7&?:98

8 Anp Akornrknlw ec Lip Il`anlj Oywkliww

Fiizkl`

>? Lipw

: AALI Triwkjilzw Fiwwn`i

9 Hk`h Zigh Hklzw

3 Theze Zeyrw ec Ai`na Akornrkiw

>4 Jinr Fkww Lefir

>> Phnz Nri [ey _injkl`5

>9 Jkrigzer{ ec Ecckgirw nlj Ghnkrw

Cer [eyr Klcerfnzkel

>: AALI Klzrejygzkel ze Ai na _iwinrgh Geyrwi

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AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443 7

AALILipwLipwaizzir ec zhi Anp Akornrknlw ec Lip Il`anlj

Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ? ! ?449%?443

GE&IJKZE_W LEZI

An{eyz Ijkzer

Mkf Jyakl

Nwwegknzi Akornrknl cer

_iwinrgh Wirskgiw

Hnrsnrj Anp Wgheea Akornr{

Nriijn Hnaa 9?3

Gnforkj`i! FN 4?>78

(3>0+ :;3&7?;?

mjyaklDanp,hnrsnrj,ijy

Oywkliww Fnln`ir

Wywnl F, Cnrn`e

Wegkna Anp Akornr{

Oewzel! FN 4?>48

(3>0+ 9?7&44>8! Ixz, 74:

wcnrn`eDwegknanp,gef

Ijkzerw&kl&Ghkic

Behl Tijklk

Jkrigzer ec Fijkn Wirskgiw

Wegkna Anp Akornr{

>?44 Geyrz Heywi

Oewzel! FN 4?>48

(3>0+ 9?7&44>8! Ixz, 770

btijklkDwegknanp,gef

Wywnl Sny`hl

_icirilgi Akornrknl

Fenmai{ Anp Akornr{

Wycceam Ylksirwkz{ Anp Wgheea

>?4 Zrifelz Wzriiz

Oewzel! FN 4?>48

(3>0+ 907&8>;;

wsny`hlDwycceam,ijy

IJKZE_KNA OEN_J

Get{ Ijkzerw

Jinlln Onrfnmknl

_icirilgi Akornrknl

Hnrsnrj Anp Wgheea Akornr{

Nriijn Hnaa 9?>

Gnforkj`i! FN 4?>78

(3>0+ :;3&?>?9

onrfDanp,hnrsnrj,ijy

@kll{ FgSnrkwh

Wirkna Wirskgiw

Pkjilir >;4

Hnrsnrj Ylksirwkz{

Gnforkj`i! FN 4?>78

(3>0+ :;9&?:??

fgsnrkwhDcnw,hnrsnrj,ijy

Whnrel Tirwelw

Cngyaz{ _iwinrgh % Ai`na

Klwzrygzkel Akornrknl

Lerz hi nw zi rl Ylks ir wk z{

Wgheea ec Anp

:44 Hylzkl`zel Nsilyi

Oewzel! FN 4?>>9

(3>0+ 707&7887w,tirwelwDliy,ijy

Phnz oizzir pn{ ze ilbe{ {eyr wyffir sngnzkel! zhnl pkzh n `anww ec kgi zin o{ zhi teea nlj n akzzai ak`hz wyffir rinjkl`! akmi zhkw kwwyi

ec zhiAALI Lipw, [eyr ge&ijkzerw hnsi oiil ilbe{kl` fygh liijij heakjn{w zhifwiasiw! zhyw zhi wak`hz jian{ kl tyoakgnzkel ec zhkw

kwwyi ec zhi lipwaizzir, Eyr nteae`kiw,

Nael` pkzh zhi trefkwij ak`hz wyffir rinjkl`! kl zhi cerf ecFkww Lefir! Zhi Ai`na Akfkz! nlj Phnz nri {ey _injkl`5! jelz fkww

Fkghiai Tinrwiw nrzkgai el GkziYAkmi! n crii okoake`rnthkg fnln`ifilz weczpnri el wzirekjw, Cklj eyz noeyz AALIw fnl{ nggeftakwhfilz

zhkw tnwz {inr kl _n~yiaw Triwkjilzw Fiwwn`i, Cklnaa{! znmi n tinm nz zhi Wycceam Anp Akornr{! kl zhkw ijkzkelw theze&zeyr,

Kc{ey hnsi nl{ ~yiwzkelw cer Fkww Lefir tainwi wilj zhif ze nl{ ec yw nz zhi ifnkaw oiaep, Kc {ey nri klziriwzij kl gelzrkoyzkl` nl

nrzkgai er nlleylgifilz cer eyr lixz kwwyi! tainwi gelzngz Wywnl Sny`hl (wsny`hDwycceam,ijy+! Whnrel Tirwelw(w,tirwelwDliy,ijy+! erBehl Tijklk (btijklkDwegknanp,gef+,

[eyr Ge&ijkzerw

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4/15: AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443

AALI IXIGYZKSI GEFFKZZII

?44:&?449

Triwkjilz

_n~yia Erzk

Skgi&Triwkjilz%Triwkjilz Iaigz

Fkghiaai Tinrwi

Tnwz Triwkjilz

Wywnl Wyaaksnl

Wigriznr{

Mnzhaiil Caizghir

Zrinwyrir

Byaknln Hn{jil

Ijygnzkelna Jkrigzer

Wyi Rn`e

AALI

Triwkjilzw

Fiwwn`i

AALI Triwkjilzw Fiwwn`iBya{ ?449

Zhi zkfi hnw gefi cer f{ cklna perj nlj zhkw zkfi zhi zetkg

gnfi ze fi sir{ ~ykgma{, K hnsi bywz prkzzil AALIw nllyna riterz!

we kz wiifw ckzzkl` ze ksi {ey wefi hk`hak`hzw ec phnz zhkw riterz

klgayjiw, Zhi cyaa riterz! nael` pkzh zhi riterzw ec zhi AALI

ecckgirw nlj geffkzzii ghnkrw! pkaa oi nsnkanoai el zhi AALI

piowkzi kl zhi lixz cip piimw,

IjygnzkelElgi n`nkl! AALI treskjij ~ynakz{ tre rnffkl` cer

eyr fifoirw pkzh zpe fn`lkckgilz fiizkl`w, Kl zhi cnaa! pi fiz nz

Eaj Wzyrorkj`i Skaan`i ze ainrl hep ze je feri pkzh aiww nw pi

cngi lip cklnlgkna rinakzkiw kl eyr akornrkiw nlj klwzkzyzkelw, Eyr

wtrkl` fiizkl` nz Hnrsnrj Anp Wgheea gesirij nlezhir zkfia{

zetkg! klzirlnzkelna bywzkgi riwtelwiw ze zirrerkwf! pkzh `rinz

klcerfnzkel noeyz zhi anp nlj riwinrgh zeeaw cer zhkw zetkg,

GeffylkgnzkelZhrey`h kzw geffylkgnzkelw fijkn! AALI

miitw kzw fifoirwhkt klcerfij noeyz fifoir nlj akornr{ lipw!

anp akornrknlwhkt! nlj isil eyr aegna geffylkzkiw, AALI Lipw

gelzklyiw ze zhrksi nlj kw lep geftaifilzij o{ eyr oae` pkzh

zhi anziwz lipw nlj klcerfnzkel ec klziriwz ze eyr fifoirw, Zhkw

{inrw njjkzkel ec zighleae`{ nlj ezhir geayflw miitw yw

ijygnzij nlj ilzirznklij, Zhi AALI akwzwirs nlj piowkzi reylj

eyz eyr geffylkgnzkelw fijkn o{ treskjkl` nazirlnzksiw cer eyr

fifoirw ze miit yt pkzh lipw noeyz eyr nwwegknzkel,

WgheanrwhktwAALI hnw oiil gelzrkoyzkl` ze eyr fifoirw

treciwwkelna jisiaetfilz iljinserw cer nafewz ?4 {inrw, Zhkw

{inr pi npnrjij n lyfoir ec wgheanrwhktw ze lip nlj gelzklykl`fifoirw ze wytterz zhikr tnrzkgktnzkel kl eyr fiizkl`w nw piaa nw

NNAA, Kl njjkzkel! zhkw {inr fnrmw zhi jisiaetfilz ec n lip

AALI wgheanrwhkt cer n wzyjilz phe whepw trefkwi nw n cyzyri

anp akornrknl,

WirskgiKl njjkzkel ze wirskl` anp akornrknlwhkt! AALIw wirskgi

ze zhi geffylkz{ pnw elgi n`nkl wzrel` zhkw {inr, N wtrkl` jrksi

cer Jriww cer Wyggiww riwyazij kl n pinazh ec jelnzkelw ze zhi

er`nlknzkel, Eyr fifoirw nawe gelzrkoyzij zhikr zkfi nlj feli{

ze n snrkiz{ ec perzh{ gnywiw wygh nw zhi LNFK Pnamnzhel! nlj

zhi geffkzzii trefezij wirskgi etterzylkzkiw ec klziriwz ze eyr

fifoirw,

Tnwz! Triwilz! nlj CyzyriEyr lip Nrghksiw # Hkwzer{

geffkzzii pkaa hiat yw riskwkz nlj jegyfilz AALIw zrnjkzkel ec

ixgiaailgi esir zhi {inrw nlj pkaa ilwyri zhnz eyr triwilz ngzkskzkiwnlj nggeftakwhfilzw nri jegyfilzij cer tewzirkz{, Eyr Tyoakg

_ianzkelw Geffkzzii gelzklyiw ze trefezi AALI nlj kzw fifoirw

skn eyr wigelj fifoir okoake`rnth{! jkwtan{w nz fiizkl`w! nlj

ywkl` eyr ae`e el trefezkelna kzifw, AALIw cyzyri riwzw kl tnr

pkzh eyr iaigzij ecckgirw nlj geffkzzii ghnkrw, [ey pkaa cklj zhi

wanzi ec lefkliiw el zhi gesir ec zhkw kwwyi ecAALI Lipw,

Cklnaa{! isir{zhkl` zhnz AALI nggeftakwhij zhkw {inr peyaj lez

hnsi oiil tewwkoai pkzheyz zhi jijkgnzkel ec eyr seaylziirw

ecckgirw! geffkzzii ghnkrw! nlj geffkzzii fifoirw, K iwtigknaa{

zhnlm Byaknln Hn{jil! Fkghiaai Tinrwi! nlj Wywnl Wyaaksnl cer

zhi geylzaiww heyrw zhi{ hnsi wtilz permkl` pkzh fnzirknaw crefeyr tnwz nlj triwilz ze ilwyri n ork`hz cyzyri cer AALI,

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5/15

AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443 9

Hk hHk hHk hHk hHk h

ZighZighZighZighZigh

HklzwHklzwHklzwHklzwHklzw

Fnln`i Zhewi Gkziw [ey Akmi pkzh GkziYAkmi

Hnsi {ey isir permij el n riwinrgh trebigz nlj pkwhij zhnz {ey

hnj n tangi ze wzeri aklmw ze naa ec zhi nrzkgaiw zhnz {ey nri rinjkl`

iaigzrelkgnaa{! iwtigknaa{ ze whnri zhif pkzh ezhirw5 Kc we!

GkziYAkmifk`hz oi perzh n aeem, Kz kw n crii pio&onwij wirskgizhnz naaepw {ey ze whnri! wzeri nlj er`nlki tntirw nlj nrzkgaiw

zhnz {ey nri rinjkl`, Pkzh kz! {ey gnl grinzi n akornr{ zhnz {ey gnl

nggiww nl{phiri pkzheyz zhi liij cer wtigkna weczpnri, Njjkl`

kzifw ze GkziYAkmi kw cnkra{ wkftai, Kz hnw n oeemfnrmaiz zhnz {ey

gnl ywi cer njjkl` kzifw pkzh n gakgm, Phil {ey nri tewzkl` nl

kzif cref n riweyrgi zhnz kw wytterzij o{ GkziYAkmi! kz pkaa

nyzefnzkgnaa{ ixzrngz gkznzkel jiznkaw cer {ey, Zhi w{wzifw zhnz

nri gyrrilza{ wytterzij o{ GkziYAkmi klgayji2 Nwwegknzkel cer

Geftyzkl` Fnghklir{ (NGF+ terzna! Nfirkgnl @ieth{wkgna

Ylkel! Nfnel! Nfirkgnl Fiziereae`kgna Wegkiz{! GkziWiir! KIII

Xtaeri! Kl`ilznGelligz! BWZE_! FiznTriww! Lnzyri! TAeW

Okeae`{! TyoFij! TyoFij Gilzrna! Wgkilgi! WgkilgiJkrigz! Pkai{

KlzirWgkilgi! Wtrkl`irAklm! Ywilkx! nrXks,er` i&Trklz nrghksi, Kc

nl nrzkgai kw lez cref n wkzi zhnz kw wytterzij! {ey gnl wkfta{ je n

fnlyna tewzkl` phiri {ey z{ti kl zhi gkznzkel klcerfnzkel

{eyrwiac, Kl njjkzkel ze hnskl` onwkg jiwgrktzkel klcerfnzkel!

GkziYAkmi nawe naaepw {ey ze grinzi aklmw ze zhi gelzilz, Phil

ixzrngzkl` zhi jnzn cref n wytterzij jnznonwi! zhi w{wzif pkaa

`ilirnzi n aklm, Pkzh wytterzij er ylwytterzij riweyrgiw! {ey

gnl nawe treskji nlj ijkz n wtigkckg Y_A er JEK cer zhi kzif,

Pkzh wefi aklmw kl akgilwij w{wzifw! {ey fk`hz hnsi ze e zhrey`hzhi akornr{ trex{ wirsir nlj njj wefizhkl` akmi akoitrex{,w{r,ijy%

ae`kl5yra6 ze zhi crelz ec wefi ec zhi nrzkgaiw kl erjir cer zhif ze

perm, Zhi grinzer hnw ngzynaa{ njjij n znoai ec wiaigzij ylksirwkz{

Y_Aw pkzh nyzeriweasir oeemfnrmaizw, Hi nawe aklmw n geytai ec

wherz&zirf hngmw phiri eli gnl prkzi n ryai zrnlwcerfkl` zhi aklm

klze eli cer {eyr ylksirwkz{, Cklnaa{! {ey gnl nawe ytaenj {eyr

epl trksnzi tjc get{ ec zhi nrzkgai ze oi nzznghij ze zhi rigerj,

Phil {ey tewz nl kzif! {ey gnl nwwk`l kz zn`w er mi{perjw

zhnz {ey pnlz nwwegknzij pkzh zhi nrzkgai, [ey gnl nawe nwwk`l k

eli ec zhi ceaaepkl` trkerkzkiw2 zet trkerkz{= K rinaa{ pnlz ze rinj

kz= K pkaa rinj kz= K fk`hz rinj kz= K jelz rinaa{ pnlz ze rinj kz= nlj

Ksi narinj{ rinj kz, [ey nawe hnsi zhi etzkelw ec njjkl` leziw ze

zhi nrzkgai nlj fnmkl` zhif trksnzi, (Wii zhi wegkna weczpnri

nwtigz ec GkziYAkmi filzkelij oiaep,+ Onwij el zhiwi trkerkzkiw

kz pkaa grinzi n ze rinj akwz cer {ey kl {eyr akornr{ Kl {eyr akornr{

{ey gnl nawe winrgh {eyr tewzkl`w o{ snrkeyw ckiajw! klgayjkl`

zhi zn`w er mi{perjw {ey grinzij,

GkziYAkmi cylgzkelw oiwz cer wtigkckg kzifw nw ettewij ze ilirn

pio riweyrgiw, Phkai {ey gnl nawe klgerternzi ilirna piowkziw

{ey peyaj treonoa{ oi oizzir ecc pkzh n oeemfnrm fnln`ir k

zhnz kw phnz {ey rinaa{ jiwkri, Zhi piowkzi isil wy``iwzw zhkw

Zhi riweyrgi kw rinaa{ jiwk`lij ze hnljai wtigkckg nrzkgaiw nlj

kzifw zhnz wegkna oeemfnrm fnln`irw hnsi jkcckgyaz{ gntzyrkl`

Tirhntw {ey pnlz ze `ilirnzi n okoake`rnth{ cref {ey

ricirilgiw5 GkziYAkmi aizw {ey ixterz {eyr gkznzkelw ze IljLezer OkoZix, Zhkw cinzyri kw sir{ hnlj{ phil prkzkl` n tntir e

jekl` n okoake`rnth{ cer zhi akornr{, (GkziYAkmi kw nawe lep eccirkl`

nl ixtirkfilzna cinzyri ec kfterzkl` ricirilgiw cref OkoZix,+

Cklnaa{! GkziYAkmi nawe wirsiw nw wegkna weczpnri o{ treskjkl`

n `eej etterzylkz{ cer zhewi phe pnlz ze perm el n tntir e

trebigz geaanoernzksia{ nlj etila{, Kz naaepw {ey ze whnri {ey

tewzkl`w pkzh ezhirw nlj wii phnz ezhir tietai nri rinjkl`

[ey gnl gheewi ze whnri {eyr akornr{ pkzh n wtigkckg `reyt e

tietai zhnz {ey klskzi er fnmi kz nsnkanoai ze naa, Tietai gnl wi

yt pnzghiw cer {eyr akornr{ nlj isil wyowgrkoi ze nl _WW ciij

cer rigilz njjkzkelw, Zhrey`h zhi pnzghakwz cinzyri! {ey gnl nawe

wiaigz wtigkckg beyrlnaw cer njjkzkelw ec zhikr znoaiw ec gelzilzwZhiri kw nawe n `ilirna winrgh cinzyri zhnz aizw {ey winrgh

isir{eliw tewzkl`w (Isir{eliw Akornr{+ o{ nrzkgai zkzai! nyzhe

wyrlnfi! nowzrngz! beyrlna lnfi nlj zn`, [ey gnl nawe ilirnaa{

orepwi kzifw lipa{ njjij ze GkziYAkmi el zhi crelz tn`i, Phka

{ey nri crii ze tewz nl{ werz ec fnzirknaw ze {eyr epl akornr{! zh

riweyrgi kw rinaa{ jiwk`lij cer whnrkl` ngnjifkg tntirw, (Ce

ixnftai, kzifw zhnz nri tewzij cref lelwytterzij riweyrgiw nlj

cref lel&tiir&riskipij beyrlnaw je lez nttinr el zhi crelz tn`

ec GkziYAkmi,+

Ghigm eyz zhi CN^ cer feri klcerfnzkel noeyz zhi trejygz, Zh

piowkzi klgayjiw n jifelwzrnzkel ec hep GkziYAkmi permw, P

wiz yt n wnftai trebigz cer zhkw geayfl, Kc {ey jigkji ze wk`l ytcer GkziYAkmi! {ey gnl ixtirkfilz pkzh zhi wegkna nwtigz ec zhi

trejygz o{ nwmkl` ze bekl eyr aalizigh `reyt, (Elgi {ey ae` kl

`e ze Skip @reytw yljir @reytw! nlj {ey gakgm zhi aklm el zhi

rk`hz zhnz wn{w nwm ze bekl zhkw `reyt,+

O{ Fkghiaai Tinrwi

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6/153 AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443

Zhi Wycceam Ylksirwkz{ Anp Akornr{ eggytkiw caeerw cksi! wkx nlj wisil ec zhi Anp Wgheea oykajkl`! gesirkl` esir ;3!444 w~ynri ciiz e

wtngi, Zhi Anp Akornr{ ilzrnlgi kw el zhi wkxzh caeer, Esir 794!444 trklzij oeemw nlj fkgreckaf seayfiw nri nsnkanoai hiri! nael` pkzh zpe

akornr{ geftyzir anow nlj eli geftyzir zrnklkl` reef, Zhiri nri nawe ?? wzyj{ reefw nlj ::4 wzyj{ gnrriaw naa pkrij cer Klzirliz

nggiww, Zhi akornr{ hnw wznzi&ec&zhi&nrz skjie cngkakzkiw nlj nawe iftae{w GJ&_EF zighleae`{,

Theze Zeyrw ec Ai`na Akornrkiw

Wycceam Ylksirwkz{ Anp Akornr{

Fnkl rinjkl` reef ec zhi Akornr{ el n wyffir

nczirleel,

Eli ec zhi fnl{ gnrriaw nz zhi Akornr{ jiwk`lij cer

pnzghkl` skjiew ec ganwwiw nlj ezhir fnzirknaw,

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AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443 0

Skip ec zhi wznzi heywi cref zhi 3zh Caeer _injkl`

_eef ec zhi Akornr{,

Zhkw wznklij anww pkljep kw eli ec zhi fnl{ aesia{ nrghkzigzyrna

cinzyriw gelznklij kl zhi Akornr{,

Zhkw kw phiri zhi ngzkel ywynaa{ hnttilw! zhi ricirilgi jiwm,

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8/158 AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443

Anp Akornrknlw ec Lip Il`anlj

Oywkliww Fiizkl`

Ntrka >! ?449

Hnrsnrj Anp Wgheea

Gnforkj`i! Fnwwnghywizzw

Zhi Ntrka >! ?449 AALI Oywkliww Fiizkl` pnw gnaaij ze erjir o{

Triwkjilz _n~yia Erzk nz >2>9 t,f,

Piagefi nlj Zhnlm [eyw

Triwkjilz_n~yia Erzkpiagefij isir{eli ze zhi fiizkl` nlj

wtigkckgnaa{ piagefij zhi ceaaepkl` AALI fifoirw2

M{ai Geyrzli{ Wzyjilz! Wkffelw Geaai`i! Hnrsnrj

Anp Wgheea klzirl

Wzisil Jelpioir Oewzel Ylksirwkz{ Anp Wgheea

Whnllel Jey`anw ykllktkng Ylksirwkz{ Anp Wgheea

Ziriwn E_eyrmi Hnrsnrj Anp Wgheea%Oewzel

Ylksirwkz{ Anp Wgheea

_n~yia nawe zhnlmij AixkwLixkw nlj Piwzanp cer gelzrkoyzkl` ze

zhi gewzw ec zhi fiizkl`,

Triwkjilzw _iterz

Nlleylgifilzw

Zhi nllyna beklz AALI%WLIAAN aylghiel pkaa oi hiaj el Zyiwjn{

Bya{ >;zh nz zhi Fnrrkezz _ksirpnam kl Wnl Nlzelke, Zhi ca{ir cer

zhi fiizkl` pkaa oi jkwzrkoyzij el akli kl zhiAALI Lipw nlj el

zhi AALI Piowkzi,

Lefklnzkl` Geffkzzii

Gnzh{ Oriil hnw seaylziirij ze ghnkr n Lefklnzkl` Geffkzzii

cer lip ecckgirw ec AALI, Whi pkaa oi beklij kl zhnz perm o{

Jnrg{ MkrmnljA{ll _nljnaa, Zhi{ pkaa tyz ze`izhir n wanzi ec

gnljkjnziw ze oi sezij el nz zhi Bya{ AALI Oywkliww Fiizkl`,

Lerzhinwz _i`kelna Fiizkl`

Zhi ceyrzh Lerzhinwz _i`kelna Fiizkl` pkaa znmi tangi el Egzeoir

>0&?4! ?440 nz zhi Fnrrkezz Inzel Gilzri kl Zerelze, Wisirna

fifoirw ec zhi Ixigyzksi Oenrj hnsi seaylziirij ze perm el

zhkw fiizkl`, Ezhir seaylziirw nri piagefij,

Akcizkfi Fifoirwhkt

Zhi Ixigyzksi Oenrj hnw ylnlkfeywa{ sezij ze ixzilj akcizkfi

fifoirwhkt kl AALI zeFnrka{l Aii,

Oeem @ksi&Npn{

O_O Tyoakgnzkelw hnw triwilzij AALI pkzh n geaaigzkel ec kzw

oeemw ze oi `ksil npn{ nw n jeer trki, Gklj{ Anljny ec zhi

Crnlmakl Tkirgi Anp Gilzir pel zhi oeemw,

Ixigyzksi Geffkzzii _ige`lkzkel

Zhi gyrrilz fifoirw ec zhi Ixigyzksi Geffkzzii piri nwmij ze

gefi ze zhi wzn`i, Fifoirw reznzkl` ecc zhi oenrj (Zrinwyrir

Byaknln Hn{jil= Ijygnzkel Ge&ghnkrWyi Rn`e= nlj Kffijknzi

Tnwz Triwkjilz!Wywnl Wyaaksnl+ piri zhnlmij cer zhikr wirskgi

nlj triwilzij pkzh `kczw, Naa ezhir Ixigyzksi Geffkzzii fifoirw

nlj Geffkzzii Ghnkrw piri zhnlmij nlj triwilzij pkzh `kczw,

Skgi Triwkjilzw _iterz Fkghiaai Tinrwi

Le riterz pnw `ksil,

Kffijknzi Tnwz Triwkjilzw _iterz Wywnl Wyaaksnl

Zhi o{&anpw nlj gelwzkzyzkel ec AALI hnsi oiil riskwij, Zhi

riskwij sirwkelw pkaa nttinr el zhi AALI piowkzi, AALI fifoir

pkaa oi noai ze sezi el zhi lip jegyfilzw nz zhi AALI fiizkl` klBya{,

Zrinwyrirw _iterz Byaknln Hn{jil

Gyrrilza{! AALI hnw2

*?4!8;4,43 Ghigmkl`

*>>!:>:,8: Feli{ fnrmiz

*7?!44:,;4 Zezna

Ijygnzkel Ghnkrw _iterz Wyi Rn`e

Zhi Ijygnzkel ghnkrw nri wzkaa aeemkl` cer n hewz cer zhi Wtrkl`

?440 fiizkl`, Zhi ghnkrw ilgeyrn`i geaanoernzkel nlj peyaj

aesi cer n `reyt ze hnsi n fiizkl` nz n lel&zrnjkzkelna wkzi

Zhi Fiizkl` Tanllkl` Fnlyna pkaa weel oi el zhi piowkzi! nlj

zhi Ijygnzkel Jkrigzerw yr`i ceamw ze aeem nz zhi fnlyna nlj

fnmi geffilzw,

Geffkzzii _iterzw

Nrghksiw%Hkwzer{ GeffkzziiFkghnia Hy`hiw

AALI fifoirw nri yr`ij ze znmi zhi AALI Hkwzer{ Zrkskn ykTrkiw pkaa oi npnrjij,

Geffylkgnzkelw%T_ GeffkzziiJknli JNl`iae

Jknli kw tyzzkl` ze`izhir nl AALI fifoirw okoake`rnth{

@ykjiakliw cer wyofkwwkel nri el zhi piowkzi, Jinjakli ce

wyofkwwkel kw Byli >wz,

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9/15

AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443 ;

@esirlfilz _ianzkelwIj Hnrz

Ij kw wzkaa aeemkl` cer seaylziirw cref Lip Hnftwhkri nlj

Gelligzkgyz ze ngz nw aknkwelw ze zhi @esirlfilz _ianzkelw

Geffkzzii, Seaylziirw nri piagefij,

Klzre ze Ai`na _iwinrgh GeyrwiBenl Whinr

Benl nlleylgij zhnz zhi{ heti ze eccir n geyrwi weel, Whi nawepiagefiw nl{ phe peyaj akmi ze seaylziir ze zingh,

Fifoirwhkt JisiaetfilzGnzh{ Oriil

Gnzh{ geyaj lez nzzilj zhi fiizkl`! oyz riterzw zhrey`h _n~yia

zhnz zhi geffkzzii hetiw zhnz fifoirw pkaa lefklnzi wefieli

ze pkl zhi Ij`nr Npnrj,

LipwaizzirWywnl Sny`hl

Zpe lip geayflw hnsi oiil njjij ze AALI Lipwn Jinr

Akornrknl z{ti geayfl gnaaij Fkww Lefir! nlj skwyna zeyrw ec

anp akornrkiw geayfl, Zhi lixz ijkzkel ecAALI Lipw wheyaj oi

riainwij weel, Lipwaizzir Geffkzzii fifoirw ilgeyrn`ij

fifoirw ze gefi ze zhi jifelwzrnzkel ec zhi lip AALI Oae`,

Wgheanrwhktw Fnr`nriz Gknlcnrklk

Gel`rnzyanzkelw zeWhnllel Jey`anwcref ^ykllktkng Ylksirwkz{

Wgheea ec Anp phe pel n wgheanrwhkt ze nzzilj zhkw fiizkl`,

Ntrka ?4! ?449 kw zhi jinjakli ze ntta{ cer nl AALI wgheanrwhkt ze

nzzilj zhi NNAA Nllyna Fiizkl` kl Wnl Nlzelke, AALI pkaa

nawe oi npnrjkl` n Cyaa _i`kwzrnzkel @rnlz cer zhi NNAA Nllyna

Fiizkl`,

Zhi Wgheanrwhkt Geffkzzii kw nawe tainwij ze nlleylgi zhi

grinzkel ec zpe lip wgheanrwhktw ze oi npnrjij ze gyrrilz Anp

Wgheea er Akornr{ Wgheea wzyjilzw klziriwzij kl anp akornrknlwhkt,

Zpe wgheanrwhktw ec *944 pkaa oi npnrjij, Zhi `ykjiakliw cer

zhiwi wgheanrwhktw pkaa oi tewzij el zhi AALI Piowkzi nlj kl

zhiAALI Lipw,

Wirskgi Geffkzzii Tnz Lipgefoi

Tnz riterzw zhnz zhi gaezhkl` jrksi cer Jriww cer Wyggiww nz zhkw

fiizkl` nttinrw ze oi n wyggiww, El Fn{ >:zh! AALI pkaa tyz

ze`izhir n zinf cer zhi pnam cer zhi Lnzkelna Naaknlgi cer zhiFilznaa{ Kaa, Kc nl{eli kw klziriwzij kl pnamkl` er wtelwerkl` n

pnamir! klcerfnzkel pkaa oi tewzij ze zhi piowkzi, Piaa naa rigiksi

nl i&fnka cref zhi zinf geerjklnzer! @kll{ FgSnrkwh! nw piaa,

Nlleylgifilz nlj Klzrejygzkelw _n~yia Erzk

Zpe AALI fifoirw nri gyrrilza{ el zhi Ixigyzksi Oenrj ec

NNAA! Mnzhki Wyaaksnl ec Wyaaksnl Klcerfnzkel Fnln`ifilz

Wirskgiw nljNlli F{irw cref Oewzel Ylksirwkz{ Wgheea ec Anp,

_n~yia nawe eccirij gel`rnzyanzkelw ze Jnrg{ Mkrm phe pnw

rigilza{ iaigzij Wigriznr{ ec NNAA,

NNAA Ixigyzksi Oenrj _iterz Mnzhki Wyaaksnl

Mnzhki Wyaaksnl! AALI nlj NNAA Ixigyzksi Oenrj fifoir! nsi

n riterz ze zhi fifoirwhkt el oihnac ec zhi NNAA Oenrj,

Whi riterzij2

Zhi NNAA Oenrj pnw sir{ tainwij pkzh zhi tnrzkgktnzkel kl zhi

ckrwz el&akli iaigzkel, Kz pnw byj`ij wyggiwwcya nlj el&akli sezkl`

pkaa oi gefkl` ze zhi WKWw nw piaa,

NNAA gelzklyiw ze perm el zhi wzrnzi`kg tanl, Zhi oenrjw en

kw ze hnsi n tanl cer zhi lixz 9&>4 {inrw, Nlezhir `ena kw ze fnmi

zhi tanl akornrknl cegywij,

NNAA Nllyna Fiizkl`Wghijyakl`

Zhkw {inr! cer zhi ckrwz zkfi! fiizkl`w pkaa oi wghijyaij n`nklwz

tre`rnfw, Zhi oenrj fifoirw hnj fkxij ciiakl`w noeyz wizzkl`

yt zhkw wghijyai! nlj zhi{ nri in`ir ze rigiksi ciijongm nczir zhi

fiizkl`,

NNAA Ijygnzkelna Wyffkz

NNAA kw heajkl` nl ijygnzkelna wyffkz kl cnaa ec ?449, Ghntzir

ainjirw pkaa oi `izzkl` ze`izhir ze jkwgyww gelzklykl` akornr{

ijygnzkel,

@esirlfilz _ianzkelw

NNAA kw aej`kl` n cerfna treziwz n`nklwz zhi lip teakgiw ec zhi

@TE, Fnr{ Nakgi Onkghi nljOeo Enmai{ kl Pnwhkl`zel yr`i

naa ec yw ze `iz klseasij,

Zhi NNAA @ykji ze Cnkr Oywkliww Trngzkgiw

Zhi@ykjihnw oiil tyoakwhij, Naa AALI fifoirw nri ilgeyrn`ij

ze znmi eli,

T_ Geffkzzii

Zhi NNAA T_ geffkzzii kw tyzzkl` ze`izhir n Jn{ kl zhi Akci

trebigz, Nl{eli phe pnlzw ze oi klseasij nw n seaylziir kwilgeyrn`ij ze gelzngz NNAA,

Prnt yt nlj Njbeyrlfilz

Zhiri oikl` le ezhir kzifw ec oywkliww! zhi fiizkl` pnw

njbeyrlij nz >299 t,f,

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10/15>4 AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443

Jinr B&B2

Nh! ze i&fnka er lez ze ifnka! zhnz kw zhi ~yiwzkel5 Ph{

lez wmkrz zhi pheai kwwyi o{ prkzkl` n `eej eaj&cnwhkelij

tntir aizzir ze fi! zhi mklj zhnz tietai ywij ze wilj,

Znmi be{ kl tillkl` {eyr caepkl` zhey`hzw elze aesia{

tnrghfilz! jiakgnzia{ ceajkl` zhi pnrf tntir klze n

grinf{ ilsiaeti! akgmkl` nlj wznftkl`! nlj zhil! pkzh

zhi wpiiz znwzi el {eyr aktw nlj n aesia{ wfkai cref {eyr

zhey`hzw ec n ael` o{`eli irn! whrij kz geftaizia{, Je

{ey zhklm Fkww Lefir hnw zkfi ze rinj wlnka fnka phil

whi rigiksiw zheywnljw ec phnzghnfngnaakzw isir{ jn{5

Fkww Lefir

JinrFkww

LefirJinr Fkww Lefir!

HIAT. F{ jkrigzer klwkwzw zhnz pi whnri nreef ze`izhir nz NNAA ze wnsi feli{, Whilisir wzetw zhklmkl` noeyz zhi akornr{w cklnlgiw,

Zreyoai kw! nw n anp akornrknl kl f{ anzi zpilzkiwphe bywz ez f{ ji`riiw! K nf ixhnywzij, Kliij tailz{ ec ~ykiz zkfi nlj ze tngi f{wiac philK `e ze zhiwi gelsilzkelw, El zhi ezhir hnlj! f{jkrigzer! kl hir ckczkiw! aksiw isir{ jn{ ze kzw cyaaiwz,Oiwkjiw tnrz{kl` ael` oi{elj isil zhi akmiw ecsiljerw! whi pkaa jreli el nlj el zhrey`heyz ingh

lk`hz noeyz hep `rinz eyr akornr{ geyaj oi kc piela{ permij wfnrzir lez hnrjir nlj jkj feri pkzhaiww, K gnl hinr hir rk`hz lep oifenlkl` hepzhiri nri lez iley`h heyrw kl zhi jn{ ze `iz zhkl`wjeli, @ksi kz nlj FI n riwz! K wn{, FkwwLefir! phnz wheyaj K je phil K ciia aiww zhnltnrz{ hinrz{5

Waiitaiww Kl Wnl Nlzelke

Jinr WKWN2

TN_Z[5 Fkww Lefir aesiw tnrzkiw. Wn{ zhi phil nlj

zhi phiri nlj Fkww Lefir pkaa oi zhiri, [eyr jkrigzer

weyljw akmi n cyl `na phe geyaj ainrl {ey n zhkl` er zpe,

Le peljir whi kw zhi jkrigzer ec {eyr akornr{, _ifkljw

Jinr Fkww Lefir2

Wheyaj K prkzi i&fnka er ifnka5 K wii zhijkccirilz wz{aiw ywij kl jkccirilz cerfnzw nlj nf zerlnw ze phkgh ze ywi, Nttrigknzi nl{ njskgi {ey

geyaj `ksi,

Be&Be Behlwel&Beliw

fi n aez ec f{ epl ijkzer, O{ zhi pn{! jkrigzerw `iz o{ el

wygh akzzai waiit oignywi zhi{ napn{w miit eli i{i etil

pnzghkl` zhikr ongmw, Tayw! zhi{ wtilj we fygh ec zhikr

zkfi perr{kl` noeyz isir{zhkl` zhnz zhikr fkljw lisir

jigiairnzi cref esirjrksi, Pkzh trngzkgi! {ey zee pkaa

gefi ze nlxkeywa{ nttrigknzi zhkw fnrsia, We! WKWN!

ak`hzil yt! bekl zhi tnrz{! nlj `iz eyz zhiri cyaa&zhrezzai,

[ey pkaa hnsi tailz{ ec zkfi ze gnzgh yt el {eyr wleeiphil {ey nri ongm kl zhi anp akornr{, Kc {eyr oeww isir

znmiw n sngnzkel! zhnz kw,

Fkww Lefir

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AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443 >>

Phnz nri {ey

rinjkl`5

Ijkzij o{ Hkanr{ Z, Cr{i! Ai`na _icirilgi Wtigknakwz!

Gelligzkgyz Wznzi Akornr{

F{ Wkwzirw Miitir! o{ Bejk Tkgeyaz

K rigilza{ rinj n sir{ `eej oeem! F{ Wkwzirw Miitir! o{ Bejk

Tkgeyaz, Zhkw wzer{ noeyz Nlln! n ghkaj gelgiksij ze wnsi hir

wkgm wkwzirw akci! oailjw anp! fijkgna izhkgw! nlj cnfka{

rianzkelwhktw ze pinsi n rksizkl` wzer{,

Onronrn N, Piwz

Piwzirl Lip Il`anlj Geaai`i Wgheea ec Anp

Whyz Eyz N Wzer{ Ec _ngi Nlj Onwionaa Kl Oewzel

o{ Hepnrj Or{nlz,

_eyzaij`i Triww! ?44?, ?;3 tt,

Geea tkgzyriw nlj linz gesir nrz,

Pkzh naa zhi heetan wyrreyljkl` zhi Peraj Wirkiw Ghnftkel

Oewzel _ij Wex (K wzkaa `iz `eewi oyftw phil K prkzi zhnz+ kzw

nafewz inw{ lez ze lezkgi zhi wznkl zhnz hnw fnrrij zhi gayo cer

jignjiw nlj! kl wefi ceamw fkljw! cer eej, Skgzerw eczil iz ze

riprkzi hkwzer{! oyz lezhkl` gnl ghnl`i {inrw ec klzrngznoai

klzeairnlgi! ok`ezr{ nlj tankl wzytkjkz{ zhnz pnw zhi Oewzel _ij

Wex ael`! yltnrjelnoai ai`ng{ ec rngkwf,

Cer`iz Jnl Whny`hliwwi{w Gyrwi ec zhi Onfokle! cer`iz Behll{

Jnfelw wiac&wirskl` ziaa&naa nttretrknzia{ ilzkzaijKjkezer nl{

ec zhi ezhir permw ec nl{eli phe wpkl`w n onz er hnw n gayoheywi

tnww nlj nl nxi ze `rklj, Wiaakl` Onoi _yzh ze zhi [nlmiiw pnw nceeahnrj{ fesi (nazhey`h K wzktyanzi zhnz Onoi _yzh peyaj lez

hnsi oiil zhi Onoi _yzh kc hi hnj wzn{ij pkzh zhi _ij Wex+

oyz zhi rina gyrwi pnw zhi phkzi tnzrkgknl iwznoakwhfilz ec zhi

_ij Wex er`nlknzkel ricywkl` ze wk`l er isil zr{eyz geylzaiww

cyzyri `rinzw wygh nw Bngmki _eoklwel er Pkaaki Fn{w,

Hnac n gilzyr{ oiceri zhikr cnlw hnj zhi ghnlgi ze anskwh aesi nlj

nccigzkel ytel Tijre Fnrzkli nlj Jnskj Ok` Tntk Erzk! zhi

_ij Wex ngzynaa{ hnj n ghnlgi ze orinm zhi geaer onrrkir! oyz

klwzinj zhi{ piri zhi anwz Nfirkgnl Ain`yi zinf ze wk`l n oangm

tan{ir, Zhkw lez ela{ inrlij zhif zhi ilfkz{ ec naa tirwelw ec

geaer oyz nawe gelzrkoyzij ze wefi ixgitzkelnaa{ cer`izznoai zinfw

ec fijkegri phkzi tan{irw kl zhi 94w nlj 34w, Ela{ anzia{ hnw zhi

wkzynzkel kftresij! oyz rinjkl` zhi nggeylzw ec tan{irw phe nri

wzkaa akskl` pkzh zhi tnkl ec jkwgrkfklnzkel nlj li`aigz gnl fnmi

{ey aeem ytel zhi gyrrilz zinf nlj peljir phnz geyaj hnsi

oiil naa nael`,

Nyzher Hepnrj Or{nlz lez ela{ wizw zhi wzer{ cer zhi onaa gayo!

hi ckrwz zngmaiw n cip f{zhw noeyz hkwzerkg Oewzelw zeairnlgi

nlj ixtanklw hep zhi gkz{ kzwiac hnw hnj zhi zhklliwz ec siliirw

cer kzw wterzw wznrw ec geaer, Isil ai`ilj Okaa _ywwiaa! wznr gilzir

cer zhi Giazkgw nlj fifoir ec >7 ghnftkelwhkt zinfw! hnj n sir{

jkcckgyaz zkfi njbywzkl` ze zhi rngkna gakfnzi kl Oewzel,

Or{nlz! n wterzwprkzir nlj Oewzel lnzksi! hnw n ziljilg{ ze

finljir n okz! gefkl` ongm n`nkl nlj n`nkl ze zhrinjw ec zhey`hz

oyz hkw prkzkl` kw wyowznlzkna nlj i{i&etilkl`, Hkw oeem kw n

fywz rinj cer nl{ zrya{ ilak`hzilij _ij Wex cnl,

Behl Tijklk

Wegkna Anp Akornr{

Zhi Akornr{! o{ Wnrnh Wzipnrz! kaaywzrnzij o{ Jnskj Wfnaa! CnrrnrWzrnyww! @kreyx (>;;;+=Zefnw nlj zhi Akornr{ Anj{!o{ Tnz Fern

kaaywzrnzij o{ _nya Geael! Nacrij N, Mletc! (>;;0+=Zhi Akornrknl

ec Onwrn! prkzzil nlj kaaywzrnzij o{ Binlizzi Pklzir! Hnrgeyrz

Klg,! (?449+,

Naa zhrii ec zhiwi ghnrfkl` ghkajrilw tkgzyri oeemw nri onwij el

cngz nlj `ilza{ cewzir nttrigknzkel ec akornrkiw! akornrknlw nlj

oeemw,

Zhi Akornr{ pnw klwtkrij o{ Fnr{ Iaknoizh Orepl! Akornrknl

_injir! Crkilj (>;?4&>;;>+, Zhkw nfywkl` rh{fi jiwgrkoiw zhi

akci ec n oeem&aeskl` kra! Iaknoizh Orepl! phe rip yt ze treskji

n akornr{ cer hir hefizepl, Phil hir geaaigzkel ec oeemw zeemesir hir ilzkri heywi! whi `nsi zhif naa ze zhi zepl ze wznrz n

akornr{ lnfij cer hir, Whi aksij ze n rkti eaj n`i! oerrepkl`

oeemw cref zhi akornr{,

Zefnw nlj zhi Akornr{ Anj{ kw noeyz n akzzai oe{ nlj hkw fk`rnl

cnrf&permir cnfka{, Ingh wyffir! Zefnw nlj hkw cnfka{ zrnsi

cref Zixnw ze Kepn cer zhi hnrsiwz winwel, Kl zhi nczirleelw

Zefnw nlj hkw orezhir wkz kl zhi whnji nlj akwzil ze zhikr `rnljtn

ziaa wzerkiw, Isilzynaa{ Zefnw mlepw naa hkw wzerkiw! nlj hk

`rnljtn wy``iwzw hi `e ze zhi akornr{ ze ainrl wefi lip wzerkiw

Zefnw ckljw n lip hefi kl zhi akornr{ pkzh n akornr{ anj{ phe

wy``iwzw oeemw cer hkf ze rinj nlj ainrlw Wtnlkwh cref hkf, N

zhi ilj ec zhi wyffir! phil Zefnw nlj hkw cnfka{ ainsi ze rizyrlze Zixnw! zhi akornr{ anj{ `ksiw hkf n lip oeem ze orkl` pkzh

hkf! nw n kcz, Zhkw wzer{ kw onwij el zhi ghkajheej ixtirkilgi

ec Zefnw _ksirn! phe oignfi ghnlgiaaer ec zhi Ylksirwkz{ ec

Gnakcerlkn nz _ksirwkji, Zhi akornr{ anj{ kw zhi oiwz werz e

ghkajrilw akornrknl! eli phe fnmiw n jkccirilgi kl n ghkajw akci,

Zhi Akornrknl ec Onwrn kw zhi tek`lnlz wzer{ ec zhi snaknlz

akornrknl phe wnasn`ij zhi Onwrn akornr{ geaaigzkel, Nakn

Fyhnffnj Onmir kw zhi Akornrknl ec Onwrn phil pnr irytzw kl

Krn~, Whi perrkiw zhnz zhi akornr{ nlj kzw oeemw pkaa oi jiwzre{ij

Phil zhi `esirler ricywiw ze `rnlz hir tirfkwwkel ze fesi zhi

oeemw ze n wnci tangi! whi wigriza{ wznrzw orkl`kl` zhif ze hir

hefi, Phil zhi pnr ringhiw Onwrn! whi jigkjiw ze fesi zhi

oeemw klze n riwznyrnlz njbngilz ze zhi akornr{, Whi rigrykzw zhi

ilzkri lik`hoerheej ec whetmiitirw ze hiat nlj zhi fesi kw

geftaizij bywz oiceri zhi akornr{ kw oyrlij ze zhi `reylj, Zhi

akornrknl zhil hkriw n zrygm ze fesi zhi oeemw isil cnrzhir npn{

ze zhi heywiw ec crkiljw nlj lik`hoerw, Nz zhi ilj ec zhi wzer{

zhi oeemw nri wnci! nlj zhi akornrknl jrinfw ec tingi nlj oykajkl`

n lip akornr{,

Skr`klkn FgSnrkwh

Pkjilir Akornr{

Hnrsnrj Ylksirwkz{

7/30/2019 Volume 25, Issue 2, 2005/2006

12/15>? AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443

Zil LIAAGE Klzirlwhktw Tewzij.

Zhi Liaage Klzirlwhktw%Ixghnl`iw Znwm Cergi kw tainwij ze

nlleylgi zhi jisiaetfilz ec kzw piowkzi (gefi skwkz yw yljir

zhi Isilzw%Klkzknzksiw zno+, Pi nri gyrrilza{ eccirkl` zil

klzirlwhktw kl lkli jkccirilz fifoir akornrkiw! klgayjkl` zpe geyrz

akornrkiw! wkx ngnjifkg akornrkiw! nlj zhi Wegkna Anp Akornr{, Ghigm

yw eyz.

[nai Anp Akornr{ Jelnzkel

Zhi [nai Anp Akornr{ hnw rigiksij nl ixzrifia{ ilireyw kcz ec

nttrexkfnzia{ 7444 oeemw! fewza{ rianzkl` ze zhi wegkna wgkilgiw!

`ksil o{ Treciwwer P, Fkghnia _ikwfnl! F{riw W, FgJey`na

Treciwwer ec Klzirlnzkelna Anp nz [nai Anp Wgheea, Zhiwi oeemw

cerfira{ oiael`ij ze zhi anzi Hnreaj Anwwpiaa! phe zny`hz kl zhi

Anp Wgheea nlj Teakzkgna Wgkilgi Jitnrzfilz nz [nai cref >;:3 ze

>;0> nlj pnw eli ec zhi fewz kfterznlz teakzkgna wgkilzkwzw ec zhi

zpilzkizh gilzyr{, Zhi fewz leznoai oeem kl zhkw geaaigzkel kw n

zryi ckrwz ijkzkel ec Zhefnw Heooiww Aisknzhnl (>39>+, Nawe

sir{ leziperzh{ nri ckrwz ijkzkelw ec Binl&Bng~yiw _eywwinyw

Gelciwwkelw (>08?+ nlj Pkaaknf Tizz{w Nl Iwwn{ Gelgirlkl`zhi Fyazktakgnzkel ec Fnlmklj (>38?+,

Crij Whntkre! Nwwegknzi Akornrknl cer Geaaigzkelw nlj Nggiww!

Akaaknl @eajfnl Akornr{

[nai Anp Wgheea

Ak`hz Eli Akzzai Gnljai

Zhi wirskgi geffkzzii tnwwiw nael` zhkw cref Jnrg{ Mkrm,

Ak`hz Eli Akzzai Gnljai pnw ceyljij rigilza{ o{ n pefnl kl Piwz

Hnrzcerj! GZ phe kw j{kl` ec gnlgir, Zhi tyrtewi kw ze treskji

lip ghkajrilw oeemw ze gnlgir&wzrygm tnzkilzw! zhirio{

ilgeyrn`kl` zhif ze ywi rinjkl` nw n pn{ ze oelj nlj gelligzpkzh zhikr {eyl` ghkajril! iwtigknaa{ nz n zkfiw phil oignywi ec

zhikr kaaliww! zhi cyzyri ciiaw we ylgirznkl,

Zhi piowkzi treskjiw klcerfnzkel! klgayjkl` hep ze jelnzi,

Zhi reytw ceyljir kw permkl` pkzh hewtkznaw kl Lip [erm nlj

Oewzel nw piaa nw n tyoakg akornr{ kl Piwz Hnrzcerj! GZ, Jelnzkelw

nri nsnkanoai zhrey`h pkwhakwzw el Nfnel,

Fifoir Lipw

Akaaknl @eajfnl Akornr{ nz [nai Anp

Zhi Klzirakornr{ Aenl ylkz nz zhi Akaaknl @eajfnl Anp Akornr{ hn

wefi ghnl`iw ze riterz, Nczir fnl{ {inrw! Onronrn Nfnze hn

rizkrij cref hir tewkzkel kl zhi Klzirakornr{ Aenl Jitnrzfilz,

Onronrn zkriaiwwa{ ckaaij zhi fewz jifnljkl` ec ri~yiwzw cer eyrcngyaz{! wzyjilzw nlj wzncc, Whi pnw klwzryfilzna kl `izzkl` y

wznrzij ywkl` KAAknj, Fnrki Menmnawe rizkrij zhkw {inr, Whi

pnw riwtelwkoai cer klzirakornr{ ailjkl`, N reylj ec zhnlmw ze

oezh ec zhiwi `rinz iftae{iiw,

Pi nri hntt{ ze piagefi Anyril Mkl`! phe pkaa esirwii na

klzirakornr{ etirnzkelw kl njjkzkel ze permkl` el oerrepkl`, Whi

pkaa oi nwwkwzij o{Nakwel Oyrmi phe pkaa hnljai ailjkl`,

Wywnl Mnrtym hnw oiil hkrij nw Gnznae` Akornrknl nz Akaaknl

@eajfnl Akornr{ nz [nai Anp Wgheea, Oiceri gefkl` ze [nai

Wywnl pnw Gnznae`kl` Akornrknl nz zhi Gelligzkgyz Hkwzerkgn

Wegkiz{ cer ceyr {inrw, Whi nawe hnw >> {inrw ixtirkilgi nw n

gnznae`ir nz zhi Lip [erm Tyoakg Akornr{,

Gel`rnzyanzkelw Nll Wkzmkl.

Nll Wkzmkl! Gnznae`kl` Wirskgiw Akornrknl! Hnrsnrj Anp Wghee

Akornr{! hnw oiil lnfij zhi rigktkilz ec zhkw {inrw _ilii J

Ghntfnl Fiferkna Npnrj ec zhi NNAA Zighlkgna Wirskgiw WKW

Zhi npnrj cer eyzwznljkl` gelzrkoyzkelw kl zighlkgna wirskgiw

anp akornrknlwhkt klgayjij zhi ceaaepkl` gkznzkel2 Mlepl cer hi

perm el gnznae`kl` wznljnrjw! Nll hnw oiil zhi sekgi ec zhi anp

gnznae`kl` geffylkz{ cer fnl{ lnzkelna nlj klzirlnzkelna teakg{

fnmkl` oejkiw, Whi hnw nawe znmil nl ngzksi reai kl NNAA nljzhi Zighlkgna Wirskgiw WKW, Zhi gkznzkel lezij Nllw wirskgi n

Ghnkr ec zhi ZW&WKW Gnznae`kl` nlj Ganwwkckgnzkel Geffkzzii

ritriwilznzksi cref NNAA ze NAN%NAGZW%GGW%GG2JN! fifoir

ec zhi GELWI_ Znwm @reyt el C_O_! fifoir ec zhi Tre`rnf el

Geetirnzksi Gnznae`kl`! Wznljkl` Geffkzzii el Wznljnrjw! nlj

fifoir ec zhi Znwm @reyt ze _iskip _iskwkel ec NNG_?! Ghntzi

>?, Whi hnw wirsij nw klwzrygzer cer NNAA permwhetw nlj n

triwilzir nlj geerjklnzer cer NNAA tre`rnfw, Tainwi eccir Nll

{eyr gel`rnzyanzkelw (nlj nwm hir phnz naa zhewi ngrel{fw finl,

Lerzhinwzirl Ylksirwkz{ Wgheea ec Anp Akornr{

Lerzhinwzirl Ylksirwkz{ Wgheea ec Anp Akornr{ kw sir{ aygm{ zehnsi hkrij zpe lip wzncc fifoirw nlj kw tainwij nlj treyj ze

hnsi trefezij zpe klzirlna gnljkjnziw ze etil tewkzkelw nlj

zrnlwcirrij eli wzncc fifoir,

Pnrril [ii kw zhi lip _injir Wirskgiw Wytirskwer, Pnrril kw kl

ghnr`i ec zhi Gkrgyanzkel Jitnrzfilz nw piaa nw Geyrwi _iwirsiw

nlj Klzirakornr{ Aenl, Hi hnw permij nw n Gkrgyanzkel Wytirskwe

Lipw

7/30/2019 Volume 25, Issue 2, 2005/2006

13/15

AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443 >7

nz zhi Oewzel Tyoakg Akornr{ wklgi >;80, Hi hnw nl Nwwegknzi

ji`rii kl Geftyzir Wgkilgi cref Lipoyr{ Bylker Geaai`i,

Anyrn Tyzzakzkw eyr lip Zighlkgna Wirskgiw Nwwkwznlz, Anyrn kw

n `rnjynzi ec Piaaiwai{ Geaai`i nlj kw gyrrilza{ nzziljkl`

Wkffelw @rnjynzi Wgheea ec Akornr{ nlj Klcerfnzkel Wgkilgi,

Whi hnw nawe permij nw n tnrnai`na cer n Oewzel anp ckrf,

Wzithnlki Hyjlir hnw oiil trefezij ze eyr treciwwkelna

Gnznae`ir tewkzkel, Wzithnlki hnw oiil zhi _injir Wirskgiw

Wytirskwer wklgi >;;0, Trker ze zhnz Wzithnlki permij kl zhi

Zighlkgna Wirskgiw jitnrzfilzw nz zhi Anp Akornr{ nlj nz Wliaa

Akornr{ jekl` gnznae`kl` nlj wirknaw fnln`ifilz, Wzithnlki hnw

hir O,N, kl nrz hkwzer{ cref @eyghir Geaai`i! hir Fnwzir ec

Zighlkgna nlj Treciwwkelna Prkzkl` cref Lerzhinwzirl! nlj whi

kw lep permkl` el hir Fnwzir ec Akornr{ nlj Klcerfnzkel Wgkilgi

nz Wkffelw Geaai`i,

Whnrel Tirwelw hnw oiil trefezij ze Hinj ec _injir Wirskgiw

nlj pkaa fnln`i zhi Gkrgyanzkel nlj _icirilgi Jitnrzfilzw,Whnrel hnw oiil pkzh zhi anp akornr{ wklgi ?44?, Whnrel

geftaizij hir B,J, nz Wznlcerj Anp Wgheea kl >;;3 nlj trngzkgij

anp cer cksi {inrw kl Gnakcerlkn! Lip [erm nlj Fnwwnghywizzw

Whi pnw n Gaklkgna Klwzrygzer nz Hnrsnrj Anp Wgheeaw aep&klgefi

heywkl` gaklkg kl Bnfnkgn Tankl! Fnwwnghywizzw, Whi rigiksij

hir Fnwzirw ec Akornr{ Wgkilgi cref Wkffelw @rnjynzi Wghee

ec Akornr{ nlj Klcerfnzkel Wgkilgi kl Bnlynr{ ?44:,

Fnr{ Ak Orillklmfi{irhnw zrnlwcirrij cref zhi IaigzrelkgWirskgiw%_icirilgi Akornrknl Tewkzkel ze zhi Cngyaz{ _iwinrgh

Ai`na Klwzrygzkel Akornrknl tewkzkel, Fnr{ Ak kw nl nayfln e

Pkaaknfw Geaai`i phiri whi inrlij n Onghiaer ec Nrzw kl Hkwzer{

nlj Tw{gheae`{, Whi zhil nzziljij Oewzel Geaai`i Anp Wghee

phiri whi wirsij nw zhi Ixigyzksi Ijkzer ec zhi Oewzel Geaai`i

Ilskrelfilzna Nccnkrw Anp _iskip, Nczir wirskl` nw n anp gairm

cer Zhi Helernoai Tnya B, Onronjere! Y,W, Jkwzrkgz Geyrz! Jkwzrkg

ec Lip Hnftwhkri Fnr{ Ak pnw nl Nwwegknzi nz Ghenzi! Hna

nlj Wzipnrz kl zhi _ina Iwznzi nlj Akzk`nzkel Jitnrzfilzw, Fnr{

Ak kw gyrrilza{ tyrwykl` hir Fnwzirw ec Wgkilgi kl Akornr{ nlj

Klcerfnzkel Wgkilgi nz Wkffelw Geaai`i @rnjynzi Wgheea e

Akornr{ nlj Klcerfnzkel Wgkilgi, Fnr{ Ak fewz rigilza{ permij

nz zhi Hnrsnrj Anp Wgheea Akornr{ nlj zhi Wegkna Anp Akornr{,

7/30/2019 Volume 25, Issue 2, 2005/2006

14/15>: AALI Lipw! Seayfi ?9! Lyfoir ?! ?449%?443

AALI & Anp Akornrknlw ec Lip Il`anlj

Klzrejygzkel ze Ai`na _iwinrgh Geyrwi

Witzifoir >7 Lesifoir >! ?449

Zyiwjn{w 3274 t,f, & ;244 t,f,

]Le ganww el Zyiwjn{! Egzeoir :V

Nz zhi Oewzel Geaai`i Anp Wgheea

889 Gilzri Wzriiz! Lipzel Gilzri! FN

Geyrwi cii2 *>?9,44 Ghigmw wheyaj oi fnji tn{noai ze AALI,

Tainwi wilj geftaizij cerf ze2

Benl Whinr

Oewzel Geaai`i Anp Akornr{

889 Gilzri Wzriiz

Lipzel Gilzri! FN 4?>9;

^yiwzkelw5 Gnaa er prkzi ze2

Benl Whinr

3>0&99?&?8;9

cnx 3>0&99?&?88;

benl,whinrDog,ijy

_i`kwzrnzkel jinjakli2 Witzifoir ;! ?449

AALI Klzrejygzkel ze Ai`na _iwinrgh Geyrwi

_i`kwzrnzkel Cerf

Lnfi2 UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

Njjriww2 UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

Theli lyfoir2 UUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUUU

Nfeylz ilgaewij2

Je {ey liij n rigiktz5 {iw le

Ze hiat yw oizzir wzrygzyri zhi geyrwi ze fiiz {eyr liijw! tainwi jiwgrkoi nl{ anp! akornr{! er anp akornr{ ijygnzkel er ixtirkilgi {ey

hnsi2

7/30/2019 Volume 25, Issue 2, 2005/2006

15/15

JK_IGZE_[ EC ECCKGI_W NLJ GHNK_W ?44:%?449

ECCKGI_W

Triwkjilz_n~yia Erzk

Hinj ec _icirilgi WirskgiwOewzel Ylksirwkz{ Tnttnw Anp Akornr{039 Geffelpinazh NsilyiOewzel! FN 4??>9(3>0+ 797&8899cnx (3>0+ 797&9;;9rferzkDoy,ijy

Skgi Triwkjilz%Triwkjilz IaigzFkghiaai TinrwiOkoake`rnthir cer Nl`ae&Nfirkgnl AnpHnrsnrj Anp Wgheea Akornr{Anl`jiaa Hnaa >>>>9:9 Fnwwnghywizzw NsilyiGnforkj`i! FN 4?>78

(3>0+ :;3&?>4?cnx (3>0+ :;3&::4;ftinrwiDanp,hnrsnrj,ijy

ZrinwyrirByaknln Hn{jilWnziaakzi AkornrknlY,W, Geyrz ec Nttinaw Akornr{Pnrril O, _yjfnl Y,W, Geyrzheywi99 Tainwnlz Wzriiz! _eef :??Gelgerj! LH 4774>(347+ ??3&07;3cnx (347+ ??3&07;8byaknlnUhn{jilDgn>,ywgeyrzw,`es

Wigriznr{Mnzhaiil CaizghirZighlkgna Wirskgiw AkornrknlLip Hnftwhkri Anp Akornr{Wytrifi Geyrz Oykajkl`Eli Leoai JrksiGelgerj! LH 4774>&3>34(347+ ?0>&7000

Tnwz TriwkjilzWywnl WyaaksnlOewzel Geaai`i Anp Akornr{889 Gilzri WzriizLipzel Gilzri! FN 4?>9;&>>3>(3>0+ 99?&::40cnx (3>0+ 99?&?88;

wyaakswyDog,ijy

Ijygnzkelna JkrigzerWyi Rn`eNwwegknzi JkrigzerLerzhinwzirl Ylksirwkz{ Wgheea ec AnpAkornr{:44 Hylzkl`zel NsilyiOewzel! FN 4?>>9(3>0+ 707&777>cnx (3>0+ 707&8049w,jrkwmeDliy,ijy

GEFFKZZII GHNK_W

Geffylkgnzkelw nlj Tyoakg

_ianzkelwJknli JNl`iae_icirilgi AkornrknlWycceam Ylksirwkz{ Anp Akornr{>?4 Zrifelz WzriizOewzel! FN 4?>48(3>0+ 907&8348cnx2 (3>0+0?7&7>3:

Lipwaizzir WyogeffkzziiBehl TijklkJkrigzer ec Fijkn WirskgiwWegkna Anp Akornr{>?44 Geyrz HeywiOewzel! FN 4?>48(3>0+ 9?7&44>8 x770cnx (3>0+ 9?7&?:98

btijklkDwegknanp,gef

Whnrel TirwelwCngyaz{ _iwinrgh %Ai`na KlwzrygzkelAkornrknlLerzhinwzirl Ylksirwkz{ Wgheea ec AnpAkornr{:44 Hylzkl`zel NsilyiOewzel! FN 4?>>9(3>0+ 707&7887cnx (3>0+ 707&8049w,tirwelwDliy,ijy

Wywnl Sny`hlAi`na _icirilgi AkornrknlFenmai{ Anp Akornr{Wycceam Ylksirwkz{ Wgheea ec Anp>?4 Zrifelz WzriizOewzel! FN 4?>48(3>0+ 907&8>00wsny`hlDwycceam,ijy

Klzirliz Wyogeffkzzii_n~yia ErzkHinj ec _icirilgi WirskgiwOewzel Ylksirwkz{ TnttnwAnp Akornr{039 Geffelpinazh NsilyiOewzel! FN 4??>9(3>0+ 797&8899

cnx (3>0+ 797&9;;9rferzkDoy,ijy

@esirlfilz _ianzkelwIjpnrj HnrzNg~ykwkzkelw % @esirlfilz Jegy&filzw AkornrnklLip Il`anlj Wgheea ec Anp Akornr{>9: Wzynrz WzriizOewzel! FN 4?>>3(3>0+ :??&0?;7cnx2 (3>0+ :??&0747ihnrzDliwa,ijy

Klzrejygzkel ze Ai`na _iwinrgh

GeyrwiGhrkwzkli WpnlWznzi Anp AkornrknlLip Hnftwhkri Wznzi Anp Akornr{Wytrifi Geyrz Oaj`,PEli Leoai JrksiGelgerj! LH 4774>(347+ ?0>&7000cnx (347+ ?0>&?>38GHWpnlDgeftywirsi,gef

Fifoirwhkt JisiaetfilzGnzh{ OriilAnp AkornrknlYlkzij Wznziw Nzzerli{w EcckgiYlkzij Wznziw Geyrzheywi

> Geyrzheywi Pn{! Wykzi ;?44Oewzel! FN 4??>4(3>0+ 0:8&77?>Gnzhirkli,OriilDywjeb,`es

WgheanrwhktwFnr`nriz GknlcnrklkWirknaw AkornrknlHnrsnrj Anp Wgheea Akornr{Anl`jiaa Hnaa>9:9 Fnwwnghywizzw NsilyiGnforkj`i! FN 4?>78(3>0+ :;9&7>0?cnx (3>0+ :;3&::4;gknlcnrkDanp,hnrsnrj,ijy

WirskgiTnzrkgkn LipgefoiNwwegknzi JkrigzerPiwzirl Lip Il`anlj Geaai`iWgheea ec Anp Akornr{>?>9 Pkaornhnf _enjWtrkl`ckiaj! FN 4>>>;&?3;7(:>7+ 08?&>3>3cnx2 (:>7+ 08?&>0:9tlipgefoiDanp,plig,ijy

Onronrn PiwzNwwegknzi Jinl ec Akornr{nlj Klcerfnzkel _iweyrgiwPiwzirl Lip Il`anlj Geaai`iWgheea ec Anp Akornr{>?>9 Pkaornhnf _enjWtrkl`ckiaj! FN 4>>>;&?3;7(:>7+ 08?&>3>3cnx2 (:>7+ 08?&>0:9tlipgefoiDanp,plig,ijy