Volcanoes

Volcanoes 101

Magma - molten rock under the earth

Lava - magma that has reached the surface

Non-explosive Eruptionslava flows - rivers of

hot lava

Lava fountains - sprays of lava from non-explosive eruptions

Is this an explosive or non-explosive eruption?

What is this volcanic formation called?

Explosive Eruptions- clouds of hot gases, lava and solid rock

explode out of volcanoes at super high speeds

Magma composition

Water - The more water the more explosive the volcano will be, like CO2 in a soda can.

Silica - Magma with lots of silica will harden in the vents and cause a pressure build up and a larger explosion. Less silica means runny lava.

Types of lava

1. Blocky Lava

2. Pahoehoe

3. Aa

4. Pillow

Types of Pyroclastic Material

1. Volcanic Blocks

2. Volcanic Bombs

3. Lapilli

4. Volcanic Ash

Volcanoes' Effect on the Earth

1. Flows and Fall out

2. Climatic Changes

Volcanoes

Types of volcanoes1. Cinder cones2. Shield Cones3. Composite cones or

Stratovolcanoes

Label each volcano

Types of volcanoes1. Cinder cones2. Shield Cones3. Composite cones or

Stratovolcanoes

Craters

Vent

Magma Chamber

Lava Plateaus

Caldera

Lava Plateau

Formation of Magma

1. Pressure

2. Temperature

3. Density

Where do volcanoes occur?

Prediction of Volcanoes

1. Measuring small quakes

2. Measuring Slope

Tiltmeter

3. Measuring Volcanic Gasses

4. Measuring Temperature from Orbit