SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND GASES Vocabulary and Key Question Review
SOLIDS, LIQUIDS, AND GASES
Vocabulary and
Key Question Review
Directions Click Slide Show Click From Current Slide Read these directions then click. For each slide the definition or clues to
the vocabulary word will show up Click once more AFTER you’ve read the
definition and guessed the word you think is being defined.
Key Questions at the end are from memory, no answer included. Use your book to check your answers.
gas
No definite shape No definite volume Particles move very fast and free to go
where they want
liquid
No definite shape Definite volume Can flow Particles are free to move from place to
place
solid
Definite shape Definite volume Particles are in a fixed position and
packed close together.
Crystalline solid
Particles are arranged in a regular, repeated pattern
Has a specific, or distinct, melting point
Amorphous solid
Particles not arranged in a repeated pattern
Does not have a specific, or distinct, melting point
Glass and rubber are examples of this type of solid
Surface tension
The liquid molecules have an inward pull or force that brings them closer together on the surface
fluid
This is another name for a liquid “substance that flows”
pressure
The force of a gas’s outward push divided by the area of the walls of the container
Measured in Newton’s/meter squared …N/m2
Measured in Pascals, Pa 1 N/m2 = 1 Pa
viscosity
A liquid’s resistance to flowing
melting
Change in state from a solid to a liquid The solid is gaining thermal energy
Melting point
The temperature when melting occurs Specific for different substances Table salt is solid at room temperature
but mercury is not because each have a different ___________ _____________.
freezing
The change from a liquid to a solid The particles are losing thermal energy
vaporization
The change in state from a liquid to a gas Evaporation and boiling are two
examples of vaporization
evaporation
when vaporization takes place only on the surface of a liquid
boiling
When vaporization takes place both below and at the surface level of a liquid
Hint: You do this to water to cook pasta
Boiling point
The temperature at which a liquid boils
Condensation
The change in state from a gas to a liquid You can see this process happen on your
mirror after a shower or the dew on the grass in the morning
Sublimation
Occurs when the particles on the surface of a solid gain enough energy to form a gas.
Skips the liquid state Examples: solid air freshener, dry ice
Charles’s Law
This principle states that when the temperature of a gas at constant pressure is increased, its volume increases. The same principle is applied to if the temperature is decreased, the volume is decreased.
Example: Temperature
Pressure same
Volume
Directly proportional
When a graph of two variables form a straight line.
When the temperature and volume both increase
Charles’s Law demonstrates this
Boyle’s Law
This principle states that when the pressure of a gas at constant temperature is increased, its volume decreases. The same principle is applied to if the pressure is decreased, the volume is increased.
Example: Temperature same
Pressure
Volume
Inversely proportional
When two variables do the opposite thing Boyle’s Law demonstrates thisExample: If the pressure increases, the volume decreases
Key QuestionsClick through to see all questions.
Use your textbook to check your answer after trying to answer from memory.
How do you describe a solid? How do you describe a liquid? How do you describe a gas? What happens to the particles of a solid as it melts? What happens to the particles of a liquid as it
vaporizes? What happens to the particles of a solid as it sublimes? How are the pressure and temperature of a gas
related? How are volume and temperature of a gas related? How are pressure and volume of a gas related? *Bonus*: Show someone you know this video. Now describe to him/her what change of state is happening inside the water heater. Describe to him/her how the temperature, volume, and pressure are related to cause the outcome.