Vital signs / Vital signs / Terminology #1 Terminology #1 Temperature Temperature Aural (ear) Aural (ear) Axilla Axilla Celsius Celsius Fahrenheit Fahrenheit
Dec 26, 2015
Vital signs / Terminology #1Vital signs / Terminology #1
TemperatureTemperature
Aural (ear)Aural (ear)
AxillaAxilla
CelsiusCelsius
FahrenheitFahrenheit
Vital Signs / Terminology #2Vital Signs / Terminology #2
FebrileFebrile
MetabolismMetabolism
MucosaMucosa
PyrexiaPyrexia
Vital Signs / Terminology #3Vital Signs / Terminology #3
PulsePulse
ApicalApical
BrachialBrachial
CarotidCarotid
RadialRadial
arrhythmiaarrhythmia
Vital Signs / Terminology #4Vital Signs / Terminology #4
BradycardiaBradycardia
TachycardiaTachycardia
BoundingBounding
Pulse deficitPulse deficit
threadythready
Vital Signs / Terminology #5Vital Signs / Terminology #5
RespirationRespiration
ApneaApnea
Cheyne-StokesCheyne-Stokes
OrthopneaOrthopnea
Shallow breathingShallow breathing
Kussmaul’s respirationKussmaul’s respiration
Vital Signs / Terminology #6Vital Signs / Terminology #6
HyperventilationHyperventilation
CyanosisCyanosis
DiaphragmDiaphragm
dyspneadyspnea
Vital Signs / Terminology #7Vital Signs / Terminology #7
Blood pressureBlood pressure
Aneroid manometerAneroid manometer
DiastolicDiastolic
HypertensionHypertension
HypotensionHypotension
diaphragmdiaphragm
Vital Signs / Terminology #8Vital Signs / Terminology #8
SphygmomanometerSphygmomanometer
StethoscopeStethoscope
SystolicSystolic
bellbell
Vital Signs / PurposesVital Signs / Purposes
Temperature,pulse,respiration and Temperature,pulse,respiration and blood pressureblood pressure
Assess functioning of vital organsAssess functioning of vital organs
Signify changes in the bodySignify changes in the body
Vital Signs / ObservationsVital Signs / Observations
Color and temperature of the skinColor and temperature of the skin
How is the patient actingHow is the patient acting
What does the patient tell you about What does the patient tell you about the way he/she feelsthe way he/she feels
TemperatureTemperature
Balance between heat gained and Balance between heat gained and heat lostheat lost
The hypothalamus is the regulation The hypothalamus is the regulation centercenter
Heat productionHeat production
Heat is produced by cellular activity, Heat is produced by cellular activity, food metabolism, muscle activity, food metabolism, muscle activity, and some hormonesand some hormones
InfectionInfection
Brain injuryBrain injury
External factorsExternal factors
Heat lossHeat loss
Heat is lost from the body through Heat is lost from the body through the skin, the lungs in breathing, and the skin, the lungs in breathing, and by eliminationby elimination
SweatingSweating
Increased respiratory rateIncreased respiratory rate
Increased flow of blood to skinIncreased flow of blood to skin
Heat conservationHeat conservation
Reducing perspirationReducing perspiration
Decreasing the flow of blood to the Decreasing the flow of blood to the skinskin
ShiveringShivering
Nursing measures to raise the Nursing measures to raise the temperaturetemperature
Increase the temperature in the Increase the temperature in the roomroom
Add coverings to the bodyAdd coverings to the body
Provide hot liquids to drinkProvide hot liquids to drink
Give warm baths or soaksGive warm baths or soaks
Nursing measures to lower the Nursing measures to lower the temperaturetemperature
Decrease the temperature in the Decrease the temperature in the roomroom
Remove coverings from the bodyRemove coverings from the body
Offer cool liquids to drinkOffer cool liquids to drink
Provide cool bath or spongingProvide cool bath or sponging
Direct fan toward bodyDirect fan toward body
Major Pulse sitesMajor Pulse sites
Carotid Carotid
ApicalApical
BrachialBrachial
RadialRadial
FemoralFemoral
PoplitealPopliteal
Dorasalis pedisDorasalis pedis
Factors that increase pulseFactors that increase pulse
ExerciseExercise
Strong emotionsStrong emotions
FeverFever
PainPain
ShockShock
HemorrhageHemorrhage
AnemiaAnemia
Factors that decrease pulseFactors that decrease pulse
Rest Rest
DepressionDepression
DrugsDrugs
Respiratory center depressionRespiratory center depression
RespirationRespiration
Respiration is defined as the Respiration is defined as the exchange of oxygen and carbon exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the lungsdioxide in the lungs
It is regulated in the brain by the It is regulated in the brain by the medullamedulla
Factors that increase respiratory Factors that increase respiratory raterate
Exercise Exercise
Strong emotionStrong emotion
InfectionInfection
Increased body temperatureIncreased body temperature
Increased metabolismIncreased metabolism
Factors that decrease respiratory Factors that decrease respiratory raterate
Rest / SleepRest / Sleep
DepressionDepression
Respiratory center depressionRespiratory center depression
Qualities of RespirationQualities of Respiration
RateRateRhythmRhythmDepthDepthEffort Effort DiscomfortDiscomfortPositionPositionSoundsSoundsColorColor
Abnormal breathing patternsAbnormal breathing patternsLaboredLaboredOrthopneaOrthopneaStertorousStertorousAbdominalAbdominalShallowShallowDyspneaDyspneaTachypneaTachypneaBradypneaBradypnea
Blood pressureBlood pressurePressure exerted against walls of Pressure exerted against walls of blood vesselsblood vesselsSystolic pressureSystolic pressureDiastolic pressureDiastolic pressureThumping soundsThumping soundsSounds correspond to numbersSounds correspond to numbersFirst sound heard is systolic pressureFirst sound heard is systolic pressureLast sound heard is diastolic pressureLast sound heard is diastolic pressure
Factors that raise blood pressureFactors that raise blood pressure
Strong emotionStrong emotionExerciseExerciseExcitementExcitementPainPainDecrease of blood vessel sizeDecrease of blood vessel sizeDigestionDigestionCuff that is too narrow or too looseCuff that is too narrow or too looseCuff below heart levelCuff below heart level
Factors that lower blood pressureFactors that lower blood pressure
Rest/SleepRest/Sleep
Lying downLying down
DepressionDepression
ShockShock
HemorrhageHemorrhage
Cuff that is too wideCuff that is too wide
Cuff above the heart levelCuff above the heart level
Equipment needed to measure Equipment needed to measure blood pressureblood pressure
ManometerManometer
CuffCuff
StethoscopeStethoscope
Guidelines to take blood pressureGuidelines to take blood pressure
Is commonly measured at the Is commonly measured at the brachial arterybrachial arteryDo not use arm that is injured, has Do not use arm that is injured, has an intravenous infusion, or is in a an intravenous infusion, or is in a castcastPatient should be at restPatient should be at restApply blood pressure cuff to bare Apply blood pressure cuff to bare armarmUse appropriate sized cuffUse appropriate sized cuff
Charting vital signsCharting vital signsReport abnormal TPR and blood Report abnormal TPR and blood pressure to nursepressure to nurseRecord on hospital flow sheets, Record on hospital flow sheets, graphic records, and nurse assistant graphic records, and nurse assistant notesnotesWrite the blood pressure as a Write the blood pressure as a fraction: systolic/diastolic e.g., fraction: systolic/diastolic e.g., 120/80120/80Note location,e.g., 150/90, thighNote location,e.g., 150/90, thigh