Vital role as in the mass distribution of ideas,

Printmaking

• Vital role as in the mass distribution of ideas,

– Iconography

– Stylistic traditions

– Conventions of the visual culture

• Printmaking as art form 9th Century CE

• Print is a single impression

• Matrix: the surface upon which the design is made

• Multiple impressions made from the same matrix make an edition ex. 1/5-5/5

• Original print: an impression which is done under and artist supervision or by the artist himself

• AP= artist proof, used by the artist for personal use and exhibition purposes

Relief Process

• Woodcut:

• Wood Engraving:

Woodcut: Printed Book

Title: Frontispiece, Diamond Sutra from Cave 17,

Artist: N/A

Date: 868 CE

1. Diamond Sutra Scroll

1. Mahayana sutra of the

Perfection of Wisdom genre,

which teaches the practice of

the avoidance of abiding in

extremes of mental

attachment.

2. Sutra

1. Rule or manual of rules

3. Non-abiding

4. Freely distributed

5. Only one surviving copy at

the British Library of a printed

book

6. Read in 40 minutes

1. Chanted in Buddhist

Monasteries

Title: The Nuremberg Chronicle: View of Venice

Artist: Hartmann Schedel

Date: 1493

Source/Museum: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

Rogers Fund, 1921.21.36.145.

Medium: Woodcut

Size: Illustration size approx. 10 x 20 in.

History of the World

1. Anton Koberger: first professional book publisher

2. 1800 pictures: 654 blocks employed

1. 44 images of men and women representing

Gutenberg Bible

Gutenberg Bible of the New

York Public Library, bought by

James Lenox in 1847. The first

to come to the USA, national

folklore has it that the officers

at the New York Customs

House removed their hats on

seeing it.

Title: Relief-printing technique

Artist: n/a

Date: n/a

Source/Museum: n/a

Medium: n/a

Size: n/a

Printing a Woodblock

Title: Prophet

Artist: Emile Nolde

Date: 1912

Source/Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C. Rosenwald Collection. © 1999 Board of Trustees, National Gallery of Art. 1943.3.6698. Courtesy Stiftung Seebull, Ada and Emile Nolde.

Medium: Woodcut

Size: Image: 12 5/8 x 8 ⅞ in; Sheet: 15 ¾ x 13 5/16 in.

1. One of the first German Expressionists

2. Expressive qualities of cuts made by the artist

1. High contrast between black and white

2. Emotional depiction

1. Can see the marks left by the gouging of

the wood by the artist

Woodcut

Woodcut: Nishiki-e1. Nishiki-e: brocade images (after

brocade textiles)

1. Calendars

2. Ukiyo-e: pictures of the transient world

1. Yoshiwawa pleasure district of

Edo

3. Harimise: lattice window

4. Graphic simplicity imbued with

Japanese culture and values

1. Philosphical representation of

the eras sexual traditions

5. Representation of unity within diversity

1. Taoist Philosophy of balance and

equilibrium

1. Perfect harmony: yin and

yang

2. Yin: passive, soft, and

nurturing (female)

3. Yang: aggressive, angular,

and hard (male)

Title: The Fickle Type. From the series Ten Physiognomies of Women.

Artist: Kitagawa Utamaro

Date: c. 1793

Source/Museum: Art Resource, New York.

Medium: Woodcut

Size: 14 x 9 ⅞ in.

Ukiyo-e: pictures of the transient

world of everyday life

1. Pleasures of everyday life

1. Embodies the sexuality of the culture

Title: Utamaro's Studio...dosa-hiki (the three primary steps in producing a print

from drawing to glazing). From the series Edo meibutsu nishiki-e kosaku.

Artist: Kitagawa Utamaro

Date: c. 1790

Source/Museum: The Art Institute of Chicago. Clarence Buckingham Collection. 1939.2141. Published by Tsuruya Kiemon. Photo © 1999. The Art Institute of Chicago. All rights reserved.

Medium: Oban triptych, ink and color on paper

Size: 24 ¾ x 9 5/8 in.

1. Mitate: fanciful picture

2. Beautiful girls

3. Sizing: reduction of the natural

absorbency of the paper

(alum)

4. Paper: Mulberry Tree Bark

fibers and bamboo fibers

5. The business in art

1. Publisher

2. Artist

3. Assistant

4. Carver

5. Sharpener

6. Paper Handlers

Mitate

Title: Japonaiserie: The Courtesan (after Kesai Eisen)

Artist: Vincent van Gogh

Date: 1887

Japanese Prints in Europe

1. Cultural influence of the

Japanese culture

2. Women profession:

courtesan

3. Parisian words for prostitutes

1. Grue: crane

2. Grenouille: frog

Title: “Le Japon”

Artist: n/a

Date: May, 1886

Title: “Le Japon”

Artist: n/a

Date: May, 1886

Source/Museum: Cover of Paris Illustré. © van Gogh Museum,

Amsterdam (Vincent van Gogh Foundation).

Medium: n/a

Size: n/a

Title: Shaving a Boy's Head

Artist: Kitagawa Utamaro

Date: c. 1795

Source/Museum: The Minneapolis Institute of Arts. Bequest of

Richard P. Gale. 74.1.153.

Medium: Color woodblock print

Size: 15 1/8 x 10 ¼ in.

Intimate world of Women

1. Domestic life: everyday chores and female

expectations

2. Contrast and Opposing forces

1. Bare Skin and Clothed

2. Patterned (decorative) and Outlined (form)

3. Color and White

4. Cultural Standards

1. Women Sexuality

2. Boy as a symbol of status

1. Fully clothed vs. naked

3. Shaven vs. full head of hair

1. Renouncing the material world

(Buddha)

2. Shimada hairstyle

1. Kanzashi: hairpin

Title: The Bath

Artist: Mary Cassatt

Date: 1890-1891

Source/Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C.

Chester Dale Collection. 1963.10.248.

Medium: Drypoint and aquatint on laid paper

Size: Plate: 12 5/8 x 9 ¾ in.; Sheet: 17 3/16 x 12 in.

Title: Noon-Day Rest in Marble Canyon. From Exploration of the Colorado

River of the West

Artist: J. W. Powell

Date: 1875

Source/Museum: Plate 25 opposite page 75. After an original sketch by

Thomas Moran. Courtesy Colorado Historical Society. 978.06/P871eS.

Medium: Wood engraving

Size: 6 ½ x 4 /38 in.

Wood: Engraving1. White line: image is made by pushing in material

that will not print

Title: Luncheon on the Grass

Artist: Pablo Picasso

Date: 1962

Source/Museum: After Edouard Manet. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. The Mr.&Mrs. Charles Kramer Collection, Gift of Mr.&Mrs. Charles Kramer, 1979. 1979.620.50. Photo © 1983 The Metropolitan Museum of Art/ © 2003 Estate of Pablo Picasso/Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York.

Medium: Linoleum cut, one block printed in black, green, red, violet, blue and yellow: Arches paper

Size: Edition: 50; Sheet: 24 3/8 x 29 5/8 in.; Image: 20 ⅞ x 25 ¼ in.

1. Registration: alignment of color

by using different matrixes for

different colors

1. Multiple drops

2. Linocut: linoleum matrix

3. Order of Registration

1. Yellow

2. Blue

3. Violet

4. Red

5. Green

6. Black

Linocut

Linocut

Title: The Tube Train

Artist: Cyril E. Power

Date: c. 1934

1. Daily Commute of London Workers

1. After work

1. Repetition:

2. Movement

3. Monotony

4. Modern Life

Title: Intaglio printmaking technique, general view

Artist: n/a

Date: n/a

Source/Museum: n/a

Medium: n/a

Size: n/a

Intaglio

Title: Intaglio printmaking technique, side views

Artist: n/a

Date: n/a

Source/Museum: n/a

Medium: n/a

Size: n/a

Intaglio Processes

Title: Snow Storm: Steamboat off a Harbor's Mouth (1842)

Artist: After J. M. Turner

Date: 1891

Source/Museum: © The British Museum, London

Medium: Engraving on steel

Size: n/a

Engraving

Title: Adam and Eve, First State

Artist: Albrecht Dürer

Date: 1504

Source/Museum: Graphische Sammlung, Albertina, Wien.

Medium: Engravings

Size: Each 9 ⅞ x 7 5/8 in.

1. Engraving

2. States of printmaking

Title: Adam and Eve, Second State

Artist: Albrecht Dürer

Date: 1504

Source/Museum: Graphische Sammlung, Albertina, Wien.

Medium: Engravings

Size: Each 9 ⅞ x 7 5/8 in.

Title: Adam and Eve, Fourth State

Artist: Albrecht Dürer

Date: 1504

Source/Museum: Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

Fletcher Fund 1919. 19.73.1.

Medium: Engraving

Size: 9 ⅞ x 7 5/8 in.

25

Figure 23-1 ALBRECHT DÜRER, The Fall of Man (Adam and Eve), 1504. Engraving, 9

7/8” x 7 5/8”. Museum of Fine Arts, Boston (centennial gift of Landon T. Clay).

1. 1st Lawsuit of Artistic Copyright

1. Durer sues an Italian Artist for

copying his art

2. Godson of Anton Koberger in

Nuremberg shop

2. Classical postures of the figures

3. Four Humors: balance of vile in the body

1. Black: elk

1. melancholic or miserable or

despondent

2. Yellow: cat

1. choleric or cruelty easily

angered

3. Blood: rabbit

1. Sanguine or courageous or

sexuality

4. Phlegm: ox

1. Phlegmatic or calm or laziness

5. Parrot: wisdom and language

6. Cat and Mouse

Title: The Angel Appearing to the Shepherds

Artist: Rembrandt van Rijn

Date: 1634

Source/Museum: Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam.

Medium: Etching

Size: 10 ¼ x 8 ½ in.

1. Hard ground: acid resistant

1. Soft ground

2. Hard ground

2. Plate: substrate

3. Etch: biting or eating away of plate

through acid

4. Stopping out

1. Strength or intensity of

individual lines

Etching1. Christian Narrative

1. “Let there be Light”

2. Light and dark

Title: Death, Woman and Child

Artist: Käthe Kollwitz

Date: 1910

Source/Museum: Museum of Modern Art, New York. Gift of Mrs. Theodore

Boettger. Licensed by Scala-Art Resource, New York. Photo © 1999 Museum of Modern Art © 2003 Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York/VG Bild-Kunst, Bonn.

Medium: Etching, printed on dark brown

Size: Plate: 16 1/8 x 16 3/16 in.

Etching

1. Emotional conflict

1. Contrast of black and

white

Figure 35-9 KATHE KOLLWITZ, Woman with Dead Child, 1903. Etching and soft-ground etching, overprinted lithographically with a gold tone plate, 1’ 4 5/8” X 1’ 7 1/8”. British Museum, London.

28

Post-war Expressionism

1. Maternal loss and grief

1. Series of Mother and child

2. Animalistic passion

1. Precedent (Christian Pieta)

2. Primal depiction of emotions

3. Son died in World War I

1. Age 21

Title: The Map (The Lesson)

Artist: Mary Cassatt

Date: 1890

Source/Museum: The Art Institute of Chicago. Joseph Brooks Fair

Collection. 1933.537. Photo © 1999 The Art Institute of Chicago. All rights

reserved.

Medium: Drypoint

Size: 6 3/16 x 9 3/16 in.

Drypoint

1. Burr, ridge along the incision

where material is displaced

2. Velvety soft texture and edges

3. Very limited edition

1. The image is progressively

erased as more prints are

made

Title: The Standard Bearer

Artist: Prince Rupert

Date: 1658

Source/Museum: The Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.

Harris Brisbane Dick Fund, 1933.32.52.32.

Medium: Mezzotint

Size: 11 x 11 ⅞ in.

1. Mezzotint: negative subtractive

process

2. Rocker:

Mezzotint

Title: Stairwell

Artist: Jane Dickson

Date: 1984

Source/Museum: Mount Holyoke College Art Museum, South Hadley, Massachusetts. The Henry Rox Memorial Fund for the Acquisition of Works by Contemporary Women Artists.

Medium: Aquatint on Rives BFK paper

Size: 35 ¾ x 22 ¾ in.

Aquatint

1. Roughness: underscores the loneliness of the subject

1. Physiological states

Sand Blasting Aquatint

Title: The Races (Les Courses)

Artist: Edouard Manet

Date: 1865

Source/Museum: National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C. Rosenwald Collection. © 1999 Board of Trustees, National Gallery of Art. 1943.3.9084 (B-11151). Photo: Dean Beasom.

Medium: Lithograph

Size: 14 5/8 x 20 ½ in.

1. Stone writing

2. Plano graphic print making process

3. Alois Senefelder: 1790’s

1. Munich

2. Limestone on streets

4. Grease and water do not mix

1. Acid, water,

2. gum arabic: substance from

the acacia tree

Lithography

Title: Rue Transnonain

Artist: Honoré Daumier

Date: April, 1834

Source/Museum: The Art Institute of Chicago. The Charles Derring

Collection. 1953.530. Photo © 1999 The Art Institute of Chicago. All rights

reserved.

Medium: Lithograph

Size: 11 ½ x 17 5/8 in.

Title: Lascaux #4

Artist: Elaine de Kooning

Date: 1984

Source/Museum: Mount Holyoke College Art Museum, South Hadley, Massachusetts. Gift of the Mount Holyoke College Printmaking Workshop. Printed by John Hutcheson at Mount Holyoke College.

Medium: Lithograph on Arches paper

Size: Sheet: 15 x 21 in.

Lithography

1. Directness

2. Spontaneity

3. Timeless and per menace

of her image

1. History and the

present

Title: Stellar Roil, Stellar Winds 5

Artist: June Wayne

Date: 1978

Source/Museum: © June Wayne/Licensed by VAGA, New York,

New York.

Medium: Lithograph

Size: Image: 11 x 9 ¼ in.; Paper: 18 ¾ x 14 ¾ in.

Title: Wind Veil, Stellar Winds 3

Artist: June Wayne

Date: 1978

Source/Museum: © June Wayne/Licensed by VAGA, New York,

New York.

Medium: Lithograph

Size: Image: 11 x 9 ¼ in.; Paper: 18 ¾ x 14 ¾ in.

Title: Knockout

Artist: June Wayne

Date: 1996

Source/Museum: © June Wayne/Licensed by VAGA, New York,

New York.

Medium: Lithograph

Size: Image: 28 ¼ x 35 1/8 in.; Paper: bleed

Title: Accident

Artist: Robert Rauschenberg

Date: 1963

Source/Museum: Collection of The Corcoran Gallery of Art. Gift of the

Women's Committee. © Robert Rauschenberg/Licensed by VAGA, New York, New

York.

Medium: Lithograph on paper

Size: 41 x 29 in.

tusche

Lithography

1. Printed at West Islip Studio

Title: Design for a Colossal Clothespin Compared to Brancusi's Kiss

Artist: Claes Oldenburg

Date: 1972

Source/Museum: Philadelphia Museum of Art. From the Friends

of Philadelphia Museum of Art.

Medium: Silkscreen

Size: 21 ½ x 13 ⅞ in.

1. Graphos : to write

1. Greek

2. Seri: silk

1. Latin

3. Serigraph Silkscreen Screen-print

Title: San Francisco Silverspot

Artist: Andy Warhol

Date: 1983

Source/Museum: From the Endangered Species series. Courtesy Ronald Feldman

Fine Arts, New York. Photo: D. James Dee. © 2003 The Andy Warhol Foundation for the

Visual Arts, Inc./Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York.

Medium: Screenprint

Size: 38 x 38 in.

Title: Marilyn Monroe

Artist: Andy Warhol

Date: 1967

Source/Museum: Chazen Museum of Art, University of Wisconsin, Madison. Robert

Gale Doyon Fund and Harold F. Bishop Fund Purchase. 1978-252. © 2003 The Andy Warhol

Foundation for the Visual Arts, Inc./Artists Rights Society (ARS), New York.

Medium: Silkscreen print

Size: 37 ½ x 37 ½ in.

Title: Dream Horse G

Artist: Fritz Scholder

Date: 1986

Source/Museum: Courtesy of the artist

Medium: Monotype

Size: 30 x 22 in.

monotype