Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications on vSphere WHITE PAPER
Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
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Table of Contents
Audience . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Why Virtualize Critical Apps? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Is Anyone Doing This? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4
Performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Benefits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8
Each Application in Detail . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Exchange . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Oracle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
SQL . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
SAP . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
SharePoint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Java . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Hadoop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Licensing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Support . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Best Practices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Experts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38
Learn More . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
AudienceThis white paper provides solution and product information for educational purposes and assumes a basic knowledge and understanding of vSphere™.
•Architectscanusethisdocumenttoovercomeperceivedhurdlesandchallengestovirtualization.
•Engineersandadministratorscanusethisdocumentasacatalogofbenefits.
•DBAscanusethisdocumenttogainanunderstandingofhowdatabasevirtualizationcanbenefitthem.
•Appownerscanusethisdocumenttogainanunderstandingofhowappvirtualizationcanbenefitthem.
•BusinessstaffandprocessownerscanusethisdocumenttohelpconsolidateReturnonInvestment(ROI)andtime-per-activityoperationalefficienciesachievedwithvirtualization.
Why Virtualize Critical Apps?MostVMwarecustomershavevirtualizedasignificantportionoftheirdatacenter.However,virtualizingbusiness-criticalapplications—databases,ERPsystems,emailservers,andindustry-specificsolutions—feelslikeacompletelydifferentballgame,andyoumaywonderwhethertheriskvs.returnratioisstillworthit.Inaddition,theseapplicationsoftenhaveappownersthatmaynotbefamiliarwithvirtualization.
VMwarevSphere5isthebestplatformtovirtualizeallyourapplications,includingbusiness-criticalapplications.StartingwithvSphere4,andmorerecentlyusingvSphere5,customersarevirtualizingbusiness-criticalapplicationsatanacceleratedpace.ApplicationinfrastructureadministratorsandCIOsseethatthevalueofvirtualizationextendsfarbeyondbasicconsolidation,andthatapplicationsrunbettervirtualized,withfastertimetomarketandimprovedQualityofService(QoS).Laterinthiswhitepaperwewilldetailspecificfeaturesbeneficialtobusiness-criticalapplicationslikevMotion™,DynamicResourceSchedule,StoragevMotion,Hot-addCPU,andSiteRecoveryManager.
Legacyconcernsrelatingtoperformance,support,andlicensinghavebeenaddressed.Since2009,VMwarehascontinuedtofocusoncriticalappsandtheirperformance.WitheachmajorreleaseofvSphere,wemakeenormous improvements to the handling of business-critical applications. vSphere 5 provides sufficient scalabilityforthelargestdatabasesandapplicationsintheworld,manyofwhichhavealreadybeenvirtualized.
Askyourself,“Whatapplicationscanbenefitthemostinmydatacenterfromhighavailabilityanddisasterrecovery?” The correct answer is business-critical applications. See the Benefits section for a full discussion of reasonstovirtualizeeachbusiness-criticalapplication.
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
Is Anyone Doing This?ThousandsofVMwarecustomershavevirtualizedtheirExchange,OracleDatabases,OracleeBusinessSuite,SQL,SAP,andJavaapplications.Theseapplicationsareoftenconsideredthesixbusiness-criticalapplications(BCAs). Therearealsobusiness-criticalappsthatareindustryspecific(suchasforretail,telecom,andhealthcareindustries)aswellasnewlyemergingbusiness-criticalapps(suchasHadoop).AccordingtoarecentVMwaresurvey1,75percentofVMwarecustomersreporttheyvirtualizeatleastonebusiness-criticalapplicationintheirproduction environment.
Thefigurebelowidentifiesmanylargecompaniesthatarecurrentlyvirtualizingtheirbusiness-criticalapplicationswithVMware.Youwillfindadditionalvirtualizationsuccessstoriesatwww.vmware.com/customers.
AmericanTire Alstom Boise ABB
BowdoinCollege AmericanTire CanadaInteriorHealth AstraZeneca
CampbellSchoolDistrict E.ON ClevelandIndians CallawayGolf
CanadaInteriorHealth GreenMountainPower ErdgasSudbayern Columbia
ClevelandIndians IndianaUniversity Kronos EliLilly
IntermediaHosting Revlon Subaru Mazda
NavyMarineIntranet Reisebank TucsonElectricPower SAP
RaymondJames UniversityofBritishColumbia
U.S.DepartmentofEducation
T-Mobile
Figure 1: Companies Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications with VMware
1. Source: VMware customer survey, June 2011.
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
PerformancevSphere delivers the performance required to run business-critical applications in large-scale environments. vSphere 5 provides 16 times2theperformanceofVMwareInfrastructure3whilekeepingvirtualizationoverheadataverylimited2to5percent.Thefactisthatthevirtualizationoverheador“tax”isoftengreatlyexaggeratedandmanyapplicationownersaremanagingapplicationsthathavealreadybeenvirtualizedbytheserverandvirtualizationteams,andtheapplicationsownersdon’tevenknowit.
The Virtualization Tax Is Often Greatly Exaggerated
Performanceisamajorfactorinbusiness-criticalapplications.Virtualmachinesperformthesameastheirphysicalequivalents,aswitnessedinproductionbytheappowners.Thefollowingsetofgraphsillustratesthisperformance across several applications.
VirtualizedOracledatabasesperformthesameasnativedatabasesfromtheapplicationowner’sperspective.3
Oracle TransactionThroughput
0
1
2
2.5
1.5
.5
Number of Physical or Virtual CPUs
2 4
vSphere
Native
Figure 2: Oracle Database Performace Comparison in vSphere 4
Confio,athird-partycompanyunaffiliatedwithVMware,comparedvirtualandphysicalserversinaside-by-sidetest,findingtheperformancewouldbethesametotheDBA.4
Oracle Query Response Time
(in seconds K)
02468
1012141618
20
vSphere
Native
12AM 2AM 4AM 6AM 8AM
Figure 3: Physical vs. Virtual Performance Is the Same to the DBA
2. Source: See Figure 13 in this paper.
3. Source: Virtualizing Performance-Critical Database Applications in VMware vSphere.
4. Source: A Comparison of Oracle Performance on Physical and VMware Servers, 2012. Written by Confio, www.confio.com.
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
VirtualizedSQLdatabasesperformthesameasnativedatabasesfromtheapplicationowner’sperspective. 5
Number of Physical or Virtual CPUs
SQL TransactionThroughput
0
1
2
3
4
2 4
vSphere
Native
Figure 4: Scale-up Performance in vSphere 4 Compared with Native
VirtualizedSAPperformsthesameasnativeequivalentsfromtheapplicationowner’sperspective.6
SAP Number of Users
0%
100%
200%
300%
400%
Number of Physical or Virtual CPUs
Throughput(Normalized to
1 CPU Native Result)
2 4
vSphere
Native
Figure 5: SAP Scale-up in vSphere 4 in Physical and Virtual Environments
5. Source: Performance and Scalability of Microsoft SQL on vSphere.
6. Source: Virtualized SAP Performance with VMware vSphere 4.
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
VirtualizedJavaperformsthesameasnativeequivalentsfromtheapplicationowner’sperspective.7
Java Ops/Sec
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Number of Physical or Virtual CPUs
2 4
vSphere
Native
Figure 6: Single Instance Peak-Throughput for Olio in vSphere 4
VirtualizedHadoopperformsthesameasnativeequivalentsfromtheapplicationowner’sperspective. 8
560
580
600
620
640
660
680
700
720
740
Hadoop Elapsed Seconds
Number of Physical or Virtual CPUs
2 4
vSphere 5
Native
Figure 7: Hadoop Performance in vSphere 5 (Number of VMs Shown is per Host)
7. Source: Performance of Enterprise Java Applications on VMware vSphere 4.1 and SpringSource tc Server.
8. Source: “A Benchmarking Case Study of Virtualized Hadoop Performance on VMware vSphere® 5”, 2012.
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
BenefitsFigure8listssomeofthetopbusinessandtechnicalreasonstovirtualizebusiness-criticalapplications.
APPLICATION TOP REASONS TO VIRTUALIZE
•ProvideavailabilitywithoutthecomplexityandsynchingissuesofExchangeDAG
•ProvisionExchangeserversinminutes
•Enableavailabilityandimplementreliabledisasterrecovery
•4–10xconsolidationofallExchangeroles
•Cloningallowscreationofanoptimizedgoldenimageforrapidprovisioning
•ProvideavailabilitywithoutthecostandcomplexityofOracleRACandDataGuard
•IncreaseutilizationofOraclelicensing
•Reducehardwareby50%with4–20xconsolidation
•Acceleratedatabasedeliverywithon-demandprovisioningandautomatedreleasecycles
•ProvideavailabilitywithoutthecomplexityofMicrosoftclustering
•Cuthardwareandsoftwarelicensecostsbymorethan50%
•4-20xconsolidation
•Cloningallowsfastertimetoservicewithupgradesandimplementations
•ImprovedSAPservicelevelsandriskmanagement
•Optimizedbusinesscontinuityanddisasterrecovery
•LowerTCOandbetterROIwithadynamicSAPITmodel
•4–20xconsolidation
•Moreflexibilityindesign,deployment,andgrowth
•Simple,inexpensive,high-availabilityoptionsforSQLnodes
•Dynamicscalabilityandrapidprovisioning
•4–20xconsolidation
(WebLogic, WebSphere, JBoss)
•Enhanceddynamicscalability
•Optimalavailability(guardagainsthostfailure)
•Businesscontinuity(automaticdisasterrecovery)
•Enhancedmanagement(alltiersvirtualizedinoneplatform)
•4–10xconsolidation
Figure 8: Top Reasons to Virtualize Business-Critical Applications
Note:Consolidationratesareaveragesbasedon“VMwareCustomerReadinessReviews.”Licensingsavingsarecited in the Licensing section of this paper.
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
Benefit 1: Accelerate Upgrades with Cloning
AccordingtofeedbackfromtheDBAswe’veworkedwith,theprimaryreasonDBAsandITarchitectsvirtualizeOracleorSAPisforcloning.
Applicationprovisioningcanbeacauseofmajorinefficiencies.ITadministratorsmustsupporttheoverheadofconfiguringeachapplicationtier,includingthehardware,OS,andapplication.Atthesametime,configurationerrorsandconfigurationdriftareverycommon,oftenleadingtoapplicationdowntime.Tomakemattersworse,provisioningisn’tlimitedtoproductionenvironments,butoftenincludestest,development,andtrainingsystems.Overtime,thesesystemsoftenfalloutofsyncwithproductionsystems,resultingininaccuratetestingandQAcycles.
WithvSphere,onceanapplicationisreadytoberolledoutintoproduction,applicationteamsareabletopackagetheapplicationasavApp,agoldenimageoftheapplicationthatcanbeprovisionedondemandontotheproductioninfrastructure.AvAppisessentiallyatemplateofamulti-tierapplication.Itincludesmultiplepre-configuredvirtualmachinescontainingthedifferentapplicationtiers(e.g.,Web,app,anddatabase). Thevirtualmachinesarepre-integratedthroughnetworkfencing,andthevirtualmachinebootsequencecanbecustomized.
Move changesinto production
Exact copyof production Archive for
fast roll-back
VM VM VM
vApp
vSphere
Production
vSphere
VM VM VM
vApp
Run moretests faster
vSphere
Test
VM VM VM
vApp3
4
2
1
Figure 9: vSphere Cloning of Production Databases and Applications
Case in Point “In a physical server model, cloning our production Oracle Database for test and development was time consuming, complex, and expensive. Virtualizing our Oracle databases with vSphere allows us to quickly create many test and dev environments in minutes. Our ability to virtualize Oracle has saved the bank hundreds of thousands of euro.”
– Andrei Maier, System Architect of Swedbank
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Benefit 2: Guarantee Resource Reservations
Keydatacenterresourcesarecompute,memory,network,andstorage.
Applicationownersaresometimesreluctanttovirtualizebecausetheyfeeltheynolongerget100percentofserverresources.Asitturnsout,featureswithinVMwareallowforbusiness-criticalapplicationstoholdreservationsandminimumstoenablethemtogetthehighestQoSinthedatacenter,eveniftheyaresharingphysical resources with other less critical applications.
ITadministratorsareexpectedtoachievethebusiness’requiredservicelevels—foreverysingleapplicationandapplicationtier.FeatureslikeDistributedResourceScheduler(DRS),NetworkI/OControl,andStorageI/OControlhelpyoumaintainservicelevelsthroughintelligentallocationandperformance.
•DRScontinuouslymonitorsresourceutilizationandintelligentlyallocatesacrossvirtualmachines.Thatmeanstheapplicationsthatyou’verankedasthehighestprioritygettheresourcestheyneed,whentheyneedthem.vSphereDRSdeliverstheperformance,scalability,andavailabilitythatmaybeimpossibletoachieveinaphysicalinfrastructure.Beyondhigherhardwareutilizationandreducedenergyconsumption,businessunitsalsogaindedicatedITresources,empoweringthemtobuildandmanagevirtualmachines—allundercentralizedITcontrol.
•Network I/O Controlenablesperformance.OnceyouconfigurerulesandpoliciestospecifyprioritiesofeachVM,NetworkI/OControlautomaticallyadjustsresourcessoyoucanimproveservicelevelsandvirtualizemore types of workloads.
•Storage I/O Control enables a pre-programmed response when a storage resource becomes contentious. Whencongestionisdetected,StorageI/OControldynamicallyallocatesavailableresourcesbasedonyourpolicies.Further,StorageI/OControlenablesperformanceforyourmostimportantVMs,andprovidesanadditional level of isolation in a private or public cloud.
•CPU Reservations and Memory Reservations provide resource levels for critical apps.
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
Benefit 3: Juice up Apps with Hot-Add
WhentheapplicationrunningonVMsisbusinesscritical,thestakesareevenhighertokeepresourcesavailablewhileaddingmorecapacityonthefly.ItisthismomentwhenHot-AddCPUandRAMbecomenecessary.Hot-Addfeatureshelpyoumanagefluctuatingworkloadswithlessrisk.TheHot-Addfeaturesallowyouto addRAMandCPUdynamically,withoutshuttingdownthevirtualmachineorapplication.Whenrunningbusiness-criticalapplications,downtimeisnotanoption.
Figure 10: Hot-Add CPU and RAM Adds Computer Power to a Running VM Without Taking down the Application
Whenincreasingdemandstartstoimpactperformance,itisoftennecessarytoscaleanapplicationtorestoreservicelevels.Unfortunately,whenrunningondedicatedphysicalservers,re-sizingapplicationsrequiresre-provisioningonlargerphysicalhosts,whichisatime-consumingandhighlydisruptiveundertaking.Databasesareagoodexample.Administratorshavetoforecastcapacityrequirementsyearsinadvanceandtranslatethatestimateintosystemspecs,includingCPUandmemory.Ifconditionschange,theappmustbere-provisioned,causingdowntime,disruption,andseriousunhappinessinthecorneroffices.
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
Benefit 4: Protect Apps from Failure with HA
Ensuringavailabilityofyourapplicationsisdifficult.Eachapplicationcomponentmustbemadehighlyavailable,andoperationsteamsoftenstrugglewithaproliferationofdifferentclusteringandavailabilityoptions.TheWebtierisfairlysimpletoprotectusingnetworkloadbalancing,andtheapplicationtiercanbeclustered,butdatabasesaretypicallythemostdifficulttiertoprotect.DatabasescanbeprotectedusingMicrosoftClustering,databasemirroring,orhigh-endoptionssuchasOracleRAC.
VMwareprovidesarangeofcapabilitiesthatcanextendavailabilityto100percentofapplicationsincludingdatabases,withoutthecomplexityorcostofclustering.Thesecapabilitiesare:
•vMotion–Moverunningvirtualmachinesfromonephysicalservertoanotherwithnoimpacttoendusers.vMotionkeepsyourITenvironmentupandrunning,givingyouunprecedentedflexibilityandavailabilitytomeet the increasing demands of your business and end users.
•High Availability–ProvidesautomatedapplicationrestartintheeventofhostfailureorOSfailurewithinthevirtualmachine.ItisautomaticallyavailableforanyapplicationrunningonvSphere.VMwareHAissimpleanddoesnotrequireOS-orapp-levelclustering.Itisalsoverycosteffectivebecauseitdoesn’trelyondedicatedstandbyservers,andinmanycasesallowstheuseoflower-costOSandapplicationlicenses.
•App-Aware High Availability–Monitorstheapplicationandifitgoesdown,itcanberestarted.App-AwareHAwillrunthefailoveronlywhentheapplicationdoesn’tcomebackupagain.TheunderlyingtechnologydependsontheVMwareHAtoautomaticallyinitiatethefailover.App-AwareHAisanAPIthatallowsuserstopluginoneoftwocurrentlyavailablethird-partyApp-AwareproductsfromSymantecorNeverfail.
•Fault Tolerance –Protectsanyapplicationagainsthostfailurewithcontinuousavailability,withoutdatalossordowntime.VMwareFTcreatesvirtualmachine“pairs”thatruninlockstep—essentiallymirroringtheexecutionstateofavirtualmachine.Totheexternalworldtheyappearasoneinstance(oneIPaddress,oneapplication)—buttheyarefullyredundantinstances.
ThesiloedexampleofavailabilitymethodsshowninFigure11requiresexpensivelicenses,dedicatedstandbyinfrastructure,andhighlyskilledstafftoconfigureandmanage.ThealternativetothisexpensiveapproachisastandardizedapproachusingvSpheretechnology,thoughsomecompanieschoosetoimplementbothapp-specificandVMwaresolutionsrunningintandem.
Local Availability
Availability
Data Protection
RAC
DataGuard
Clusters
Replication
DB Mirroring
Always On
DAG
CCR/SCR
Figure 11: The Confusion That Is Caused When Each Application Has Its Own Silo of Availability and Data Protection—The Alternative Is a Consistent Approach Using vSphere
Toprepareforavailabilityissuesaffectinganentiredatacenter,VMwarevCenter™SiteRecoveryManager(SRM)enablesdatacenterteamstobuild,manage,andexecutereliabledisasterrecoveryplansforallapplications,includingbusiness-criticalapps.Bytakingfulladvantageoftheencapsulationandisolationofvirtualmachines,SRMenablessimplifiedautomationofdisasterrecovery.SRMhelpsmeetrecoverytimeobjectives,reducescoststraditionallyassociatedwithbusinesscontinuanceplans,andachieveslow-riskandpredictableresultsforrecovery of a virtual environment.
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
Benefit 5: Unify App Monitoring with vCOps
Performance,capacity,andconfigurationmanagementarebecominginseparableduetothedynamicnatureofconvergedinfrastructure.Traditionaltoolsandprocessesdesignedforsiloed,static,physicalinfrastructuresdon’tprovidetheautomationandcontrolyouneedtoeffectivelymanagehighlyvirtualizedandprivatecloudenvironments.
vCenterOperationsManagementSuite(vCOps)setstheindustrystandardinoperationalefficiencyandallowsyouto:proactivelyenablevirtual/cloudinfrastructureperformanceforyourbusiness-criticalapplications;providecontinuouscompliancewithoperationalandregulatoryrequirements;and,optimizeresourceutilizationandcost.
Throughtheuseofadapters,VMwarevCenterOperationsManagercancollectperformance,topology,andeventsdatafromOracleEnterpriseManager(OEM),MicrosoftSystemCenterOperationsManager(SCOM),andmanyother third-party monitoring tools to provide a comprehensive and coordinated view across all of the data you collect in your environment.
Figure 12: vCOps Reduces Application Problem-Solving Efforts
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
Benefit 6: Monster App Scalability with vSphere 5
VMwaresupportsrunningMonsterVMs.Applicationperformanceisbasedonfourinfrastructuremeasures.Today,virtualmachinesonvSphere5canscaleto32vCPUs,1TBofmemory,36GB/snetwork,and1millionstorageIOPS.
TheseadvancesinperformancearechartedinFigure13.Andwhattheymeanforyouisthatresource-intensiveapplicationsperformverywellonvSphere.Infact,wehavemeasuredtheresourcerequirementsofmorethan700,000productionapplicationsrunningonx86servers.vSphereisabletosupportmorethan99percentofthose applications.9
% of Apps
vSphere 1
1
2
0.5
5,000
2
3.6
0.9
7,000
4
64
9
100,000
8
256
30
300,000
32
1,000
36
1,000,000
vSphere 2 vSphere 3 vSphere 4 vSphere 5
Compute (CPU/VM)
Memory (GB/VM)
Network (GB/s)
Storage (IOPS)
0%
100%
Figure 13: vSphere 5 Is Ready for the Most Demanding Applications
vSphereisalsoimprovingitsperformanceperoperationincoreareas,suchasvMotion.Forexample,vSphere5decreasedvMotiondurationby44percentfromvSphere4.1.ThisbenefitsapplicationownersbyprovidingvMotion without downtime or delay.
Time (in seconds)
0020406080
100120140160
1
2
2.5
1.5
.5vSphere 4.1
vSphere 5
1 Virtual Machine 2 Virtual Machines
Figure 14: Duration of vMotion on vSphere 4.1 and vSphere 5, for Single and Multiple Exhange Server Deployments 10
9. Source: VMware Capacity Planner™ assessments.
10. Source: VMware vSphere vMotion Architecture, Performance and Best Practices in VMware vSphere 5.
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
Benefit 7: Lowest App Cost of Ownership with vSphere 5
Muchlikeowningacar,thereismoretothecostofownershipthanthestickerprice.Thecar’sfuelefficiency,maintenancecosts,andoverallreliabilitycanhavealargeimpactontheowner’swallet.Abetterwaytoassesstheeconomicvalueofvariousvirtualizationplatformsistolookatthetotalcostofownership(TCO).
Referencingathird-partystudybyPrincipledTechnologies, 11 Figure 15 compares the time to perform common datacenterjobsusingvSpherevs.Hyper-V.Totestthisscenario,PrincipledTechnologiesplacedsixVMs,eachwith10GBofRAM,inathree-servercluster,andthenranamediumdatabaseworkloadoneachofthe18VMs.Thestudymeasuredthetimeittookoneserverintheclustertoentermaintenancemode,evacuateallitsVMstothetworemainingservers,andthenmigratetheVMsbacktotheoriginalserver.ThestudyfoundthesolutionrunningvSphere5reducedthetimetocompletetheshiftingofVMworkloadsby79percentovertheMicrosoft solution.
VSPHERE MICROSOFT HYPER-V R2
1. MigrateallVMsoffnodeandentermaintenancemode 1:06 7.56
2. Provisionnewhost 2:53 7:21
3. Testnon-disruptiveDRrecovery 1:00:10 10:32:50
4. Migrate VM Storage 4:23 1:43:06
5.Isolatestorage-intensiveVM 2:05 1:34:32
Figure 15: vSphere Compared to Microsoft Hyper-V in Terms of Time to Shift VM Workloads
ITarchitectscanrunsimilarcomparisonswiththeirownnumbersusingtheVMware Cost-Per-Application Calculator.
11. Source: Principled Technologies, Total Cost Comparison, VMware vSphere vs. Microsoft Hyper-V, 2012.
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
Each Application in DetailThissectionprovidesmorespecificinformationanddetailabouttheadvantagesofvirtualizingthesixbusiness-critical applications.
What about Exchange?
SUPPORT STATEMENT
VIRTUAL PERFORMS EQUIVALENT TO PHYSICAL
KNOWN LICENSING ISSUES
PERCENT VIRTUALIZED BY VMWARE CUSTOMERS
YES YES NONE 42%
Emailhasbecomeoneofthemostcriticalapplicationsinanorganization’sITinfrastructure.Organizationsincreasinglyrelyonmessagingtoolsforindividualandorganizationaleffectiveness.Asaresult,messagingadministratorsfaceaconstantchallengeastheycontinuallyseektomanagetheconflictingdemandsofavailability,agility,andcost.
MicrosoftExchangeisthemostwidelyusedemailsystemintheworld.It’soperationalandperformancecharacteristicsarewellunderstood,andbestpracticesfordesign,deployment,andoperationsarereadilyaccessible.Exchangecontinuestoevolvethroughenhancedfeaturesandfunctionality,andpreviouslimitationshave been addressed with each successive new version.
WithitsreleaseofExchangeServer2010,Microsofthasaddedmanyfeaturesthatimprovemessagingperformance,reliability,andscalability.Theseprovideamajorstepforward.However,ExchangeServer2010isstillsubjecttomanyoftheshortcomingsinherentinmostapplicationsrunningdirectlyonphysicalhardware,suchashardwareplatformdependence,under-utilizationofservercomputingresources,lackofflexibilitytorespondtochangingworkloads,andheavycostsassociatedwithmaintainingdisasterrecovery,test,anddevelopmentenvironments.ThearchitecturalimprovementsinExchangeServer2010donotfullyaddresstheselimitations.
TheidealplatformforExchangewouldadapteasilytochangingworkloads,provideflexibilitytoaccommodatechangingdemandsonanorganization’sITinfrastructure,remainreliableandresilientdespitesystemoutages,andimprovebothstaffandinfrastructurehardwareeffectiveness.AnewoperationalplatformbasedonvSphere can accomplish these goals.
Case in Point Like many companies that choose VMware virtualization technology, Raymond James Financial began with a server consolidation project that achieved impressive results. By the completion of the initiative, the Florida-based diversified holding company had reduced its web server capital costs by 90 percent. Raymond James started by virtualizing Microsoft Exchange, one of the company’s most critical and high-profile applications. Through virtualization, Raymond James has been able to better meet its business needs. “Right now, around 60 percent of our servers are virtualized,” says Sue Werner, Systems Engineer at Raymond James.
“But our goal is to achieve 87 to 90 percent virtualization.” This will include not only the company’s Microsoft Exchange environment, but also other business-critical systems such as its SQL databases.
“Implementing our new Microsoft Exchange environment has further validated the benefits of VMware,” Werner concludes. “It has enabled us to make significant progress toward our virtualization goal.”
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What about Oracle?
SUPPORT STATEMENT
VIRTUAL PERFORMS EQUIVALENT TO PHYSICAL
KNOWN LICENSING ISSUES
PERCENT VIRTUALIZED BY VMWARE CUSTOMERS
DATABASEYES YES NONE* 28%
MIDDLEWAREYES YES NONE* 34%
*Note: Noknownissues,howevercustomersaresometimesgiveninformationbyOraclethatappearstocontradictOracle’slicensingagreements.Forprocessor-basedlicenses,OracleexpectstobepaidforanyhardwarethatrunsOraclesoftware.CustomersthatrunOraclesoftwareonmoreserversthantheyoriginallyplannedto(whetherthoseserversarephysicalorvirtual)canexpectOracletorequestpaymentfortheadditionaluse.Ontheotherhand,licensesonolder,slowermachines,oronmachinesthatareusedatlessthan15%oftheircapability,needlicensesthatcostthesameasaheavilyusedserver.CustomerstypicallybenefitbyconsolidatingOracleworkloads to a smaller number of high-performance servers and paying for fewer core licenses.
OracleDatabaseisoneofthemostwidelydeployeddatabaseplatformsintheworld,withsomeofthelargestdatabasesintheworld,manyofwhichalsorunonvSphere.VMwareisalsoanOraclecustomer;ourE-BusinessSuiteandSiebelinstancesarevirtualized;andVMwareroutinelysubmitsandreceivesassistancewithissuesforOraclerunningonVMwarevirtualinfrastructure.
OracleandVMwarehavealonghistoryofworkingwelltogether.Unfortunately,VMwarehasbeenmadeawareofOraclesalespeopleoccasionallytryingtousemisinformationtodissuadecustomersfromvirtualizingusingvSphere.Baseduponreliablereportsfromthefield,thefigurebelowaddressessomeexamplesofthismisinformationandVMware’sresponses:
Figure 16: Sample Slide
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ThefollowingtableaddressesVMwareresponsestotheconfusingaccusationsmadeinthesampleOracleslide.
ORACLE MISINFORMATION VMWARE RESPONSE
Duetocustomerfeedbackandexperience,OraclesoftwareisnowonlysupportedinvirtualizedenvironmentsifdeployedinOracleVM,thisisexposuretoacustomerrunninginVMware.
False. Oraclehasnot withdrawn support for its applicationsrunningonVMware,letaloneinresponseto“customerfeedbackandexperience.” Tothecontrary,Oracle’sofficial,publishedpolicyhasand continues to be to provide support for issues thateitherareknowntooccuronthenativeOSorcan be demonstrated not to result from running the applicationonVMware.Infact,Oracle’shighlysophisticatedRACclusteringisfullysupportedonVMware,too.
UsingVMware,Oraclelicensingcostcan accelerateexponentially.
False. Inmostcasescustomerswillsavemoney byconsolidatingtheirOraclelicensesandusingadvancedvSpheretechnologiessuchas“hostaffinity”tosupportcompliancewithOracle’scomplexandpunitivelicensingrules.Formoreguidance on how to reduce costs when running OracleapplicationsonvSphere,seetheLicensing section.
ThelicensecostofVMwareis7to8timesthatversusOracleVMforvirtualizingOracleTier1AppsandTech software.
False.Asnotedabove,mostcustomerscansavemoneyrunningOracleapplicationsonvSpheredespiteOracle’spunitiveapproachthatfavorsOVM.Andofcourse,OraclegivesOVMaway.Lackingacompetitiveproduct,whatchoicedoesOraclehave?VMware’sabilitytorunmoreworkloadsmoreefficientlycanreducethenumberofcoresneeded,creatinglargesavingsinOraclelicensingand support costs.
IfcustomerisunawareoflicensingrulesunderOracle,they can quickly become non-compliant running in VMware and run into large penalties.
False. Asnotedabove,VMwareprovidessophisticated tools to enable license compliance with Oracle’scomplexrules.
Figure 17: VMware Responses to Oracle Field Representative Claims
Somecompanies,notablyiQuate,havedevelopedsoftwaretohelpcustomersmanagetheirOraclelicenses,inavirtualizedornon-virtualizedcontext.VMwareintroducesiQuatetocustomersthatneedhelpmanagingtheirOraclelicenses.LearnmoreaboutiQuatehere:http://www.iquate.com/what-we-do.
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ThecapabilitiesprovidedbyvSpherearewellbeyondtheneedsofalmostalldatabases,includingOracle.Figure18illustratesthestandardCPU,memory,diskandnetworkI/OneededforOracledatabasescomparedwith the capacity of each VM.12Asevidencedbelow,eachVMcanhandlewellovertheresourcerequirementsofOracledatabases.
CPU
32 vCPU
2-4 CPU4% Utilized 4-8GB
50% Utilized 1,200 IOPS 2MB/s
1TB 1,000,000 IOPS > 36GB/s
Memory Disk I/O Network I/O
vSphere 5
Oracle DB
Figure 18: Average Oracle Database Fits Easily in a Virtual Machine
Case in Point “With the help of House of Brick and VMware Professional Services, we have been able to virtualize our most demanding Oracle databases on x86 servers. Where initially we believed that these databases would be too demanding for a virtual machine, we now have the confidence that vSphere can handle our largest transaction-processing databases with ease.”
– Rob Lowden, Director of IT at Indiana University
12. Source: VMware Capacity Planner analysis of >700,000 servers in customer production environments.
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What about SQL?
SUPPORT STATEMENT
VIRTUAL PERFORMS EQUIVALENT TO PHYSICAL
KNOWN LICENSING ISSUES
PERCENT VIRTUALIZED BY VMWARE CUSTOMERS
YES YES NONE WITH SOFTWARE
ASSURANCE
47%
SQLisoneofthemostwidelydeployeddatabaseplatformsintheworld,withmanyorganizationshavingdozensorevenhundredsofinstancesdeployedintheirenvironments.
InSQLServer2012,vMotionofSQLworkloadsisunlimitedwithSoftwareAssurance(SA)andprohibitedwithoutSA(i.e.customermustlicensetheoriginandtargethosttoaccommodatethevMotion).InSQL2008,vMotionofSQLworkloadsisunlimitedwithSAandlimitedtoonceevery90dayswithoutSA.ThislimitationisaMicrosoftlicensinglimitation,notatechnicallimitation.
Thechallengefortheadministratoristoprovidedatabaseservicestoapplicationownerswiththeflexibilityandautonomytheyexpectwhilekeepingtheinfrastructureassimpleandeconomicalaspossible.Theproliferationoflarge,multi-socket,multi-coreservershasledmanyorganizationstoattempttraditionaldatabaseconsolidation,movingsmalldatabasesintolargeshareddatabaseenvironments.Migratingtosuchamodelcanbeanextremelycomplexendeavorrequiringin-depthapplicationremediationattheforefrontandrigorousattentiontooperational processes once implemented for version control and continued application compatibility.
VirtualizingSQLcanallowthebestofbothworlds,simultaneouslyoptimizingcomputeresourcesthroughserverconsolidationandmaintainingapplicationflexibilitythroughroleisolation.SQLServerscanbemigratedintheircurrentstatewithoutexpensiveanderror-proneapplicationremediationandwithoutchangingtheoperatingsystem,applicationversionorpatchlevel.Forhigh-performancedatabases,VMwareandpartnershavedemonstratedthecapabilitiesofvSpheretorunthemostchallengingSQLServerworkloads.Forsmaller,specializeddatabases,vSphereoffershighconsolidationratiosandadvancedresourceschedulingfeatures,givingapplicationownerstheflexibilityandperformancetheyneedwhilesimplifyingandloweringcostsfortheenterprise.
Anotherchallengeisutilization.Mostdatabasesareperformingat0to5percentutilizationallbutafewdaysoftheyear(e.g.,Christmasshopping,quarterend).Figure19showsutilizationofaphysicalSQLDatabaseandavirtualizedandconsolidatedSQLDatabase.13
Figure 19: CPU Utilization on a vSphere Host Before and After Consolidation
HigherutilizationratesofSQLdeploymentsmeanthatITteamsareabletodomorewithless.
13. Source: Microsoft Exchange 2010 on VMware Use Cases.
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What about SAP?
SUPPORT STATEMENT
VIRTUAL PERFORMS EQUIVALENT TO PHYSICAL
KNOWN LICENSING ISSUES
PERCENT VIRTUALIZED BY VMWARE CUSTOMERS
YES YES NONE 28%
SAPandVMwarearecollaboratingtoprovidecustomerswithmodernscalable,flexibleinfrastructuresolutionswithautomatedmanagementtools,services,andsupporttoacceleratetheJourneytoCloudComputing.Forexample,vSphereistheonlyintegratedhypervisorinthenewreleaseofLandscapeVirtualizationManagement,SAP’stoolforvirtualizationandinfrastructureasaservice.CustomerswithSAPNetWeaverbenefitfroman“on-demand”ITenvironmentwithanumberofbenefits:
• ThepressuretoensurehighavailabilityisintenseforSAPmanagers.VMwarevirtualizationtakesadvantageofSAP’shigh-availabilityfeaturestoenablethesoftwaretostayrunning.
•UpgradesareafactoflifeforeverySAPlandscapeandtheycanbecomplexandtime-consumingandoftentheytakehoursordaysinanon-virtualizedplatform.Inavirtualenvironment,newvirtualmachinescanbeprovisionedinminutes,andthendeprovisionedrapidly,recoveringtheresources.
•AsITbudgetscontinuetoshrink,theimperativetoloweroperatingcostsgetsmoreurgent—andvirtualizationcanmakearealdifference.Serverconsolidationtranslatesdirectlyintolowercostsforpower,cooling,andspace—andbooststheorganizations“green”profileinthebargain.
• TheITinvestmentpriorityin2012isvirtualization.71%ofsurveyedcompaniedplantoinvestinSAPvirtualizationinGermany. 14
• 38%ofx86SAPcustomersinGermanyhave100%virtualizedtheirSAPlandscape. 15
SAPsoftwarealsoperformswellonvSphere.Foranapples-to-applescomparisontakealookattwo-tierbenchmarkcertifications2011028(physical)and2011027(vSphere5).Thevirtualresultiswithinsixpercentofphysical,whichiscompletelyimperceptibletotheSAPBasisadmin,butwithallthecloning,provisioning,andreliabilitybenefits.ReadthedetailsoftheSAPbenchmarkcertificationshere:http://www.sap.com/solutions/benchmark/sd2tier.epx.
Case in Point The IT department at Columbia Sportswear Company, the outdoor apparel manufacturer, was looking to get out of the constant churn of physical hardware and into bringing more value to the rest of the business. Exponential growth, combined with the limitations of physical servers, led Columbia to consider virtualizing SAP with VMware and EMC. Through this partnership, Columbia has gained efficiency, reliability, scalability, capacity planning and management, performance tuning and is gaining greater insight into its virtualization layer. The company started by virtualizing IT-based applications, but the new environment proved so beneficial to its business that Columbia decided to move tier-1 workloads, including SAP. Michael Leeper, Senior IT Manager, explained that the decision to virtualize SAP wasn’t a hard one to make. The results Leeper and his team have seen are proof:
“SAP running on VMware, running on our architecture, looks and feels exactly like everything else we run.” Because Columbia was running the rest of the company on a very similar virtual architecture, Leeper explained,
“We had no significant concerns that putting SAP on that architecture would cause any issues. As a matter of fact, it probably helped us with a lot of things.” At this point, Columbia’s operations are 90 percent virtualized, and IT has been able to deliver business intelligence using new technology, not the technology of the past 10 years.
14. Source: DSAG investment survey, 2012.
15. Source: RAAD.
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What about SharePoint?
SUPPORT STATEMENT
VIRTUAL PERFORMS EQUIVALENT TO PHYSICAL
KNOWN LICENSING ISSUES
PERCENT VIRTUALIZED BY VMWARE CUSTOMERS
YES YES NONE 67%
BecauseSharePointencouragesrapidgrowthand“viral”proliferation,usergoalsmayconflictwiththeabilityoftheITstafftodeliverthedesiredserviceswhenneededwithinbudgetaryandmanpowerconstraints.Flexibilityisextremelyvaluableduringthisearlyperiod.Ifrapidgrowthandevolutioncanbesupportedatrealisticcosts,SharePointcanbecomeanimportanttooltorapidlyincreaseeverydayproductivity.vSpherefacilitatesthiscapability,allowingorganizationstoleveragethebenefitsofSharePointonapay-as-you-gobasis.BecausehighavailabilityfeaturesareinherenttothevSphereplatform,thesecanbeleveragedondemand.ByvirtualizingSharePoint,thecommonproblemsofdeployingacomplex,high-growthITservicearealleviated,allowingresourcestobespentonmaximizingthevalueofthetoolinroutinebusinesspractice.
Unlikesomeapplicationsthathaveconsistentworkloadpatternsonaperuserbasis(forexample,ExchangeorSAP),SharePointworkloadscanvarygreatlydependingonhowtheapplicationisusedwithintheorganization.SharePointservicescanbedeployedinawidevarietyofcombinationstoaccommodateveryspecificapplicationusecases.Evenwithinaspecificapplicationusecase,usagepatternscanvarygreatlydependingonfrequencyofuseraccess,timeofday,documentreads/writes,anddocumentsizes.
Outofthebox,vSphereoffersseveralcapabilitiesthatenableyoutoquicklyrespondtochangingusagepatterns.Allocationofprocessorandmemoryresourcestovirtualmachinescanbeeasilychangedtosuitthemostcurrentbusinessrequirementsand,inthecaseofHot-Add,withoutanyinterruptiontotheoperatingsystemorapplication.YoucanusevMotiontomigrateheavilyusedSharePointvirtualmachinestoanotherhosttoalleviatephysicalresourcebottlenecks.Finally,template-basedprovisioningallowstherapiddeploymentofnewSharePointvirtualmachinestosatisfyincreasedload.
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What about Java?
SUPPORT STATEMENT
VIRTUAL PERFORMS EQUIVALENT TO PHYSICAL
KNOWN LICENSING ISSUES
YES YES NONE
WhetheracustomJavaapplicationorthird-partyvendorapplication,allvirtualizerelativelyeasily.Oftenourcustomersnoticeimprovementsinperformanceandscalabilitywhenmovingtoavirtualizedplatform.Javaapplication clusters are known to contain many instances that require increased managment when on a physical infrastructure. Many of our customers look for consolidation opportunities while improving performance and scalability.TheprimereasonforvirtualizingJavaapplicationsthesedaysistheabilitytoreducetheJVMinstancesprawlthatmanyadministratorsdread—andhavetoconsolidatethroughvirtualizationinordertokeepthescalemanageableandfeasible.ManyofourcustomershavevirtualizedIBMWebSphere,OracleWebLogic,JBoss,andTomcat.Inthelastthreeyears,virtualizationofJavaapplicationshasbecomemainstream,asseenwithmanyofourcustomer accounts.
Theresultsofthetestsdiscussedinthispapershowthatenterprise-levelJavaapplicationscanprovideexcellentperformancewhendeployedonVMwarevSphere4.1.TheapplicationusedinthesetestswasOlio,amulti-tierenterpriseapplicationthatimplementsacompletesocialnetworkingWebsite.OliowasdeployedonSpringSourcetcServer,runningbothnativelyandvirtualizedonvSphere4.1.Figure5showsthepeakthroughputforasingleinstanceofOliorunningontcServer,bothnativelyandinaVM,withtwoandfourCPUs.
Case in Point “With our OrderExpress project we upgraded our WebSphere Commerce, Portal, WCM, Service Layer, DB2 Database; migrated from AIX to Linux; virtualized on VMware; moved the application into a three-tier DMZ; increased our transactions by over 150 percent; and added significant new capabilities that greatly improved the customer experience. Changing such a wide range of technology components at once was a huge challenge. However using VMware vSphere and additional architectural changes we were successful in improving performance by over 300 percent; lowered costs in the millions; improved security, availability, and scalability; and how we plan to continue evolving this application to maintain greater than 30 percent yearly growth.”
– Jeff Battisti, Senior Enterprise Architect at Cardinal Health
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What about Hadoop?
SUPPORT STATEMENT
VIRTUAL PERFORMS EQUIVALENT TO PHYSICAL
KNOWN LICENSING ISSUES
YES YES NONE
HadoopisamodernapplicationwithfeaturessuchasconsolidationofjobsandHAthatoverlapwithcapabilitiesenabledbyvirtualization.ThisleadssometobelievethereisnomotivationforvirtualizingHadoop;however,thereareavarietyofreasonsfordoingso.Someoftheseare:
•Scheduling–Takingadvantageofunusedcapacityinexistingvirtualinfrastructuresduringperiodsoflowusage(forexample,overnight)torunbatchjobs.
•Resource Utilization–Co-locatingHadoopVMsandotherkindsofVMsonthesamehosts.Thisoftenallowsbetteroverallutilizationbyconsolidatingapplicationsthatusedifferentkindsofresources.
•Storage Models –AlthoughHadoopwasdevelopedwithlocalstorageinmind,itcanjustaseasilyusesharedstorageforalldataorahybridmodelinwhichtemporarydataiskeptonlocaldiskandHDFSishostedonaSAN.Witheitheroftheseconfigurations,theunusedsharedstoragecapacityandbandwidthwithinthevirtualinfrastructurecanbegiventoHadoopjobs.
•Datacenter Efficiency–VirtualizingHadoopcanincreasedatacenterefficiencybyincreasingthetypesofworkloadsthatcanberunonavirtualizedinfrastructure.
•Deployment–VirtualizationtoolsrangingfromsimplecloningtosophisticatedproductslikeVMwarevCloud™DirectorcanspeedupthedeploymentofHadoopnodes.
•Performance –Virtualizationenablestheflexibleconfigurationofhardwareresources.
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LicensingCostreductionthroughconsolidationremainsastrongdriverforvirtualization.vSpherecandeliverhugesavingsnotonlyinhardware,butalsoinpowerandadministrativecosts.InJanuary2008,CIOMagazinepublishedtheresultsofits“VirtualizationintheEnterprise”surveyofnearly300CIOs.Whenaskedwhytheyhavevirtualizedtheirservers,81percentofthecompaniesresponded:“tocutcostsviaserverconsolidation.”
Thesehighconsolidationratiosarealsocommonwithlarge,business-criticalapplications.The8:1consolidationratioachievedforSAPistypical.Somecustomershavegonebeyondthat,comfortablyachieving10:1consolidationratioswithSAP.Forexample,AstraZeneca,oneoftheworld’sleadingpharmaceuticalcompanies,consolidateditsentireSAPenvironmentto50to60virtualmachineshostedonsixHPservers,andasaresultexpectscostsavingsofmorethan$1millionoverthreeyears.16
ForExchange,consolidationratiosareusuallyintherangeof5:1to10:1.WithoutvSphere,eachExchangeserverrole—mailboxserver,edge,hub,andclient—isdeployedonadedicatedserver.Inaddition,thereareoftendedicatedstandbyserversforavailability,aswellasmultipleExchangehubs,creatingampleopportunityforhighconsolidationratios.OrganizationssuchastheUniversityofPlymouth,medicaldevicemanufacturerNuVasive,andpackagingmanufacturerBoisehavetakenadvantageofthisopportunitytocutdownonhardwarecostsandrampuponefficiency,flexibility,andagility.
Inmanycases,customersarealsoabletoconsolidatesoftwarelicenses,sometimesbyasmuchas10:1. Bestpracticerecommendationssaytostartat1:1andworkupto10:1asthebusiness-criticalapplicationworkload requirements are understood..
•Someapplicationsscanbelicensedby“virtualCPU,”suchasinthecaseofIBMwiththesub-capacitylicensingmodel.Inthisinstance,organizationshavetheopportunitytolicenseonlythecapacitytheyareeffectivelyusing(virtualCPU),asopposedtothefullphysicalcapacityoftheserver.Licenseconsolidationratiosof2:1to4:1arecommonwiththismodel.
•Otherapplicationscanalsobelicensedby“physicalCPU”or“physicalcore,”forexampleOracledatabasesandSQL.OrganizationsthathavemultipleinstancesofsuchanapplicationcancreateadedicatedvSphereclusterfortheapplication.Bylicensingallthephysicalprocessorsinthecluster,theycreatean“allyoucan eat” environment in which an unlimited number of instances and virtual machines can be deployed. Consolidationratiosof5:1to10:1arecommonwiththisapproach.
Here’sanexampleofOraclelicensesavingsassociatedwithvirtualizing,alongwithanimprovementinperformance and reliability.17
2 Servers2 Quad-Core Processors
x 0.5 Intel Multiplier8 Licenses
8 RISC Servers2 Single-Core Processors
16 Licenses
• Newer cores out perform older CPUs• Environment now has failover• Cost to license Oracle is halved
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DBDBDB
DB
DBDBDB
DB
Figure 20: Oracle Licensing Consolidation
16 Source: VMware AstraZeneca Customer Snapshot.
17. Source: iQuate, www.iquate.com.
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Here’sanexampleofSQLlicensesavingsassociatedwithvirtualizing. 18
8 x86 Servers 2 Single-Core Processors
16 Licenses
2 x86 Servers 2 Single-Core Processors
4 Licenses
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DB
DBDB
DB
$100K
$200K
$200K
$400K
$500K
$600K$596K
$100K
$200K
$200K
$400K
$500K
$600KSA
8 Servers
16 EnterpriseEdition Licenses
SA
2 Servers4 Licenses
>70% Cost Reduction $158K
DBDB
DBDB
DBDB
Figure 21: SQL/Oracle Database Consolidation Reduces Software Costs by >70%
Formoreinformationonlicensingreadthiswhitepaper:Understanding Oracle Certification, Support and Licensing for VMware Environments, 2011.
Database Consolidation
DatabaseconsolidationisanincreasinglypopularusecaseforvSphere.Nearlyallapplicationsrequiretheirowndatabase,andmanyorganizationsarefacedwithspiralingdatabasesprawlandcosts.
Databasesalsotendtobethemostover-provisionedapplicationsinthedatacenter,andareveryexpensivedueto high license costs and top-tier infrastructure requirements.
METHODS TO COMBAT DATABASE SPRAWL
STRUCTURE
Traditional multi-instancing MultipleSQLorOracleinstancesonasharedOSimage
Traditional shared-instancing MultipledatabaseswithinasharedSQL
vSpherevirtualization MultipleSQLorOracleinstancesinvirtualizedplatform
Figure 22: Database Consolidation Methods
Traditionalapproacheshavechallenges:
•Nohighavailabilitysolution—asingleOSfailurecouldresultindozensofdatabasesandapplicationsbeingdown simultaneously
•NoisolationofOSconfiguration,security,fault,andresourceisolationbetweendatabases
• Loadbalancingbetweenphysicalhostsrequiresre-provisioningdatabases
18. Source: VMware Infrastructure Solution for Microsoft SQL Server white paper.
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Databasevirtualizationhasbenefitsovertraditionalapproaches:
1. Fast consolidation with P2V – With vSphere, consolidating existing legacy databases is simple. Databases can be migrated with a simple physical-to-virtual (P2V) migration, or re-provisioned in a virtual machine with their existing OS and database configurations. This eliminates the need to re-test and update databases to run on standardized OS and database configurations.
2. Isolation – Databases consolidated on vSphere preserve isolation between instances (configuration, fault, security, and resource isolation). Databases can run on their own OS and SQL version, and a single OS failure will only impact a single database. This is an obvious benefit of virtualization, but not possible with conventional database consolidation approaches.
3. Resource Controls – Control resources with great precision to enable each database to deliver its required service levels, without the risk of misbehaving databases taking over critical resources from other databases.
4. Load Balancing – With vSphere, when a host is running out of capacity, databases can be migrated in real time and with no downtime to other hosts. This eliminates the need to over-provision, and increases consolidation ratios while maximizing database service levels.
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SupportAstheindustrystandardforvirtualization,vSpherehasreceivedstrongISVsupportfrom18,000ISVs,includingsupportstatementsfromthefourlargestISVs:Microsoft,IBM,SAP,andOracle.19
SUPPORT STATEMENT FOR VMWARE
DATABASE
MIDDLEWARE
YES
YES YES YES YES YES
Figure 23: Support Statements for Business-Critical Applications for VMware
Microsoft Support
SupportstatementsforMicrosoftproductscanbefoundattheselinks:
•Windows Microsoft software
•Microsoft server
•Exchange
•SQL
•SharePoint
19. Source: VMware customer surveys, Jan 2010 and June 2011.
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Oracle Support
AlthoughsomeOraclemarketingdocumentsmayimplythatOracledoesnotsupportVMware,andOraclesalesmighttellyouthatVMwareisnotsupported,wearepleasedtoclarifythatOracledoeshaveasupportstatementinplaceforVMware.Oracle’sMetalinknote249212.1,publishedonMyOracleSupport,definesOracle’spolicyforsupportingapplicationsonVMware.Hereisthesupportstatement:
Figure 24: Oracle Support Position for Products Running on VMware Virtualized Environments
ThesecondtolastparagraphstatesthatOraclemayaskacustomertoreplicatetheissueonnon-virtualhardwareifanissuehasn’tbeenpreviouslyseenbyOracle.Thisoccursonlyonceforeachissue(thefirsttime),andwhenitoccursVMwarehasaTotalOwnershipPolicytotakeaccountabilityofthatissueandresolveitforthecustomer.HereistheVMwaresupportstatementtothateffect:“VMwarewillacceptaccountabilityforanyOracle-relatedissuereportedbyacustomer.Bybeingaccountable,VMwareSupportwilldrivetheissuetoresolutionregardlessofwhichvendor(VMware,Oracle,orothers)isresponsiblefortheresolution.Inmostcases,reportedissuescanberesolvedviaconfigurationchanges,bugfixes,orfeatureenhancementsbyoneoftheinvolvedvendors.”Thisstatement is available at http://www.vmware.com/support/policies/oracle-support.html.
Case in Point House of Brick is a large solution provider with expertise in virtualizing the world’s largest databases.
“In our experience virtualizing the world’s largest and most complex tier-1 databases, we have never seen an instance of re-platforming a database off virtualized hardware onto non-virtualized hardware. Once customers virtualize they do not want to go back, and I’ve never seen a case when Oracle made a customer re-platform onto non-virtualized hardware. Virtualizing Oracle databases has become commonplace.”
– David Welch, CTO, House of Brick
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SAP Support
VMwareandSAPhavebeenworkingcloselyforoverfiveyears.In2007,SAPgrantedfullsupporttorunSAPonVMware.In2012,SAPwentevenfurtherandgavesupportforSAPSybaseASE.In2012,VMwareengineersareworkingwithSAPtogainsupportofHANA,SAP’snewin-memorydatabase.
SupportstatementsforSAPcanbefoundattheSAP Community Network.
Support from Other Vendors
vSpheredoesnotintroducefunctionalchangesforapplicationsrunningonit.Hence,customerscanrunapplicationsonvSpherewithoutofficialsupportstatementsfromthesoftwarevendor.Nevertheless,thelargestsoftwarevendorshavestillwrittensupportstatementsforrunningonVMware,asseeninthe followingfigure:
TOP 11 HEALTHCARE VENDORS
TOP 10 FINANCIAL VENDORS
TOP 6 TELECOM VENDORS
TOP 5 BUSINESS INTELLIGENCE VENDORS
TOP 4 OUT OF 5 RETAIL VENDORS
Agfa AdventSoftware Aastra Actuate Epicor
Allscripts CTI Alcatel-Lucent BusinessObjects/SAP
ExactSoftware
Amicas Fiserv Avaya IBM MicrosoftDynamics
CardinalHealth InforGlobal Cisco InformationBuilders
Sage
Cerner JackHenry Mitel MicroStrategy
Epic Kronos SterlingCommerce/IBM
FujiFilm Medical Lawson
GEHealthcare Metavante
McKesson Sage
Sage Verint
SAIC
Figure 25: VMware Has Official Support Statements from the Largest Software Vendors
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Best PracticesThefollowingbestpracticesforvirtualizingbusiness-criticalapplicationscanprovideusefulguidanceforvirtualCPU,virtualmemory,networkingandstoragesetup.
EX
CH
AN
GE
VirtualCPU
• Sizebasedonphysicalprocessorcapabilities• DeterminetheCPUrequirementsbasedonphysicalCPUthroughputand
mailboxprofile• UsetheExchangeProcessorQueryToolandtheExchangeMailboxRoleCalculator• Initialphysicaltovirtualprocessorsizingshouldbe1:1untilasteadystateworkload
is achieved• CPUvirtualizationaddsonlyasmallamountofoverhead• ExchangeisnotNUMA-aware—vSphereis—keepingtheVMsizetowithinthe
NUMAnode
Virtual Memory
• Usememoryreservationstoavoidover-commitment• ProvideavailablephysicalmemorytosatisfyanSLA,ortoreclaimVMswap
filespace• MemorywillbewastediftheExchangeVMsarenotutilizingtheconfigured
memory efficiently• Donotsetmemorylimitsformemory-intensiveapplications
Networking
• Separatemanagementtraffic(vMotion,FTlogging,VMKernel)andvirtualmachinetraffic—eitherusingseparatephysicalNICsorusingVLANtagging
• UsetheVMXNET3para-virtualizedNIC.VMXNET3isoptimizedforvirtualenvironments and designed to provide high performance
• FollowthenetworkingdesignguidelinesinVMworld2010sessionTA8595-VirtualNetworkingConceptsandBestPractices
Storage
• PVSCSIdrivercanprovidebetterthroughputwithlesshostCPUutilization—testfirstforyourenvironment;inlowIOenvironmentLSISASvSCSIdrivermaybeadequate
• DedicateVMFSvolumesforExchangedataunlessproperlysizedtoaccommodatemore• UsemultiplevSCSIadaptersandevenlydistributetargetdevices• WhenusingVMFSforExchangedatacreateVMDKfileseagerzeroedthickoruncheck
Windows“QuickFormat”option
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OR
AC
LE
DA
TAB
AS
E
VirtualCPU
• TotalnumberofvCPUsassignedtoalltheVMsequaltoorlessthanthetotalnumberof physical cores
• CPUvirtualizationaddsonlyasmallamountofoverhead;enablehyperthreading• KeepVMsizetowithintheNUMAnode
Virtual Memory
• Setmemoryreservationstoavoidover-commitment,provideavailable physical memory
• SizethememorysuggestedbyOracleDBA• UseHugePagesforOracle
Networking
• Separatemanagementtraffic(vMotion,FTlogging,VMKernel)• Allocateatleast2NICspervSwitchtoleverageNICteamingcapabilities• UsetheVMXNET3para-virtualizedNIC• UsenetworkI/Ocontroltoconvergenetworkandstoragetrafficonto10GbE
Storage
• UseParavirtualizedSCSIadaptersforOracledatafileswithdemandingworkloads• Creatededicateddatastorestoservicedatabaseworkloads• UsemultiplevSCSIadaptersandevenlydistributetargetdevices• UseOracleAutomaticStorageManagement(ASM)whereeverapplicable• UsevSphereVMFSforOraclesingleinstanceandRACdatabasedeployments• AlignVMFSproperly• EnablejumboframesforIP-basedstorageusingiSCSIandNFS
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SQ
L
VirtualCPU
• Understandexistingworkload,avg.,andpeak• ProperlymanagepCPUallocation
- ForTier1workload,avoidpCPUover-commitment- Forlower-tiereddatabasesworkload,reasonableover-commitmentcanincrease
aggregatethroughput,andmaximizelicensesavings;leveragevMotion,DRSforresource load balancing
• Monitortooptimize- Hostlevel:%RDY,%MLMTD,and%CSTP- VMLevel:ProcessorQueueLength
• KeepNUMAnodesizeinmind- ForsmallerVM,allocatevCPUsto<=coresinaphysicalnode- ForwideVM(ESX5),alignvCPUstophysicalNUMAboundaries,enablevNUMA
onESXtoallowSQLServerNUMAoptimization
Virtual Memory
• Donotover-commitmemoryuntilVCreportsthatsteadystateusageisbelowtheamount of physical memory on the server
• ForcriticalSQLServerworkloads,considersettingmemoryreservation=allocatedmemory to avoid ballooning or swapping
• Ifover-committingmemory,monitorSWAP/MB:r/s,w/sandMCTLSZ• UseActivememorycounterwithcaution;alwaysconfirmusagebychecking
memory counter in perfmon• Donotsetmemorylimitsformemory-intensiveapplications
Networking
• Separatemanagementtraffic(vMotion,FTlogging,VMKernel)andvirtual machine traffic
• SeparateNICsassignedtoseparatevSwitches• UseVLANTagging(802.1q)• AllocateatleasttwoNICspervSwitchtoleverageNICteamingcapabilities• UsetheVMXNET3para-virtualizedNIC.VMXNET3isoptimizedforvirtual
environments and designed to provide high performance• ConsiderinstallingMSKB2344941ifusingWindows2008R2-basedtemplates• FollowthenetworkingdesignguidelinesinVMworld2010sessionTA8595-Virtual
NetworkingConceptsandBestPractices–thisincludesdesignstoefficientlymanage multiple networks and redundancy of network adaptors on vSphere hosts
Storage
• UsePVSCSIdriverforIOintensiveSQLServervolumes;usepatchversionsin http://kb.vmware.com/selfservice/microsites/search.do?language=en_US&cmd=displayKC&externalId=2004578
• DedicateVMFSvolumesforTier-1SQLServerfilesunlessproperlysizedtoaccommodate more
• EnsurediskpartitionalignmentatVMFSandguestOSlevel• UsemultiplevSCSIadaptersandevenlydistributetargetdevices• ProvisionVMDKfilesaseagerzeroedthicktoavoidlazyzeroingforTier-1SQL
Server volumes• SeparateVMDKsforSQLbinary,data,log,andtempdbfiles• Understandthepathtothedrives,i.e.storageprotocol,multi-pathing• UsemultiplesmallerLUNsforbettermanageabilityandperformance
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
SA
P
VirtualCPU
• ForaninitialsizingestimateofproductionSAPsystemstrytoensurethetotalnumberofvCPUsassignedtoallthevirtualmachinesisequaltoorlessthanthetotal number of physical cores
• CPUvirtualizationaddsonlyasmallamountofoverhead;typicallythisismitigatedby newer generation processors
• KnowhowNUMAaffectsyourVMs—keepingtheVMsizetowithintheNUMAnodewillprovidethebestperformance.IfawidedatabaseVMisrequiredsetvirtualNUMAtoalignwiththeNUMAarchitectureoftheESXhost
• TobalanceandlimitavailableCPUresourcesacrossvirtualmachinesuseresourcepools.AvoidsettinglimitsseparatelyforeachVM
Virtual Memory
• ForproductionSAPusememoryreservationstoavoidover-commitment• “Right-size”theconfiguredmemoryofaVMtoavoidmemorywastage• Donotsetmemorylimitsformemory-intensiveSAPapplications• Usethelatestprocessorgenerations(fromIntel:Nehalemmicroarchitecture-based
XEONandsuccessors;fromAMD:10hmicroarchitecture-basedOpteronandsuccessors),duetotheirenhancedsupportforvirtualization—thereisnoperformanceimpactfromtheSAPmemorymodel
Networking
• Separatemanagementtraffic(vMotion,FTlogging,VMKernel)andvirtual machine traffic
• UseseparateNICsassignedtoseparatevSwitchesandleverageVMwareNICteaming capabilities
• UseVLANTagging(802.1q)• UsetheVMXNET3para-virtualizedNIC.VMXNET3isoptimizedforvirtual
environments and designed to provide high performance
Storage
• PVSCSIdrivercanprovidebetterthroughputwithlesshostCPUutilization—testfirstfor your environment
• SpreaddatabaseovermultipleLUNs/datastores—followsimilardesignpracticesasphysicalforI/Operformance
• UsemultiplevSCSIadaptersandevenlydistributetargetdevices• CreateVMDKfilesstoringdatabaseloganddatafilesineagerzeroedthickformat
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
JAV
A
VirtualCPU
• Itisbesttofollowthebestpracticesoutlinedhere:http://www.vmware.com/resources/techresources/1087
• EstablishaworkloadprofileandconductaloadtesttomeasurehowmanyJVMsyoucanstackonaparticularlysizedvirtualmachine.Inthistest,establishabest-casescenarioofhowmanyconcurrenttransactionsyoucanpushthroughaconfigurationbeforeitcanbesafelydeemedagoodcandidateforscalinghorizontallyinanapplication cluster
• Forperformance-criticalenterpriseJavaapplicationsvirtualmachinesinproduction,makesurethatthetotalnumberofvCPUsassignedtoallofthevirtualmachinesdoesnotcausegreaterthan80percentCPUutilizationonthehost- Forexample,ifyourperformanceloadtestdeterminesthattwovCPUisadequate
upto70percentCPUutilization,butinsteadyouallocatefourvCPUtoyourvirtualmachine,thenpotentiallytherecanbetwovCPUsidle,whichisnotoptimal
• Iftheexactworkloadisnotknown,sizethevirtualmachinewithasmallernumberofvCPUsinitiallyandincreasethenumberlaterifnecessary
• AlwaysleaveHTon• Turnoffanypower-savingmodesattheBIOSlevel
Virtual Memory
• Setmemoryreservationforthemostcriticaljavaapplications• Asizingexampleisshownherehttp://blogs.vmware.com/apps/2011/12/sizing-
virtual-machines-for-jvm-workloads-part-2.html
Networking
• TherearenospecialconsiderationsforJavaworkloads
Storage
• VMwarerecommendsaminimumoffourpathsfromahosttoastoragearray,whichmeansthehostrequiresatleasttwoHBAports
Figure 26: Virtualization Best Practices for BCAs
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
When to Virtualize That App
Youcannotaffordformanyapplicationsinyourdatacentertogodown.Withthatinmind,let’slookatwhicheventsmightprovideagoodopportunitytovirtualizeapplicationsinyourdatacenter.Belowaresomequestionstoaskwhenconsideringvirtualization.Ifyouanswer“yes”toanyofthequestions,itmightbetimetovirtualizethatapp.
APPLICATION QUESTIONS
GENERAL •Areyouinneedofahardwareorsoftwarerefresh?•Areyouhavinguptimeorcomplianceissues?•Isyourbusinessundergoingmergersorrapidbusinesstransformations?
•AreyoulookingtoupgradetoExchange2010fromeither2003or2007?•AreyouhavingissueswithDAGorclustering?
•AreyoumigratingfromtraditionalUnix(HP-UX,AIX,SolarisSparc) tox86Linux?
•Areyoulookingtocreatecost-effectivedevelopmentandtestingenvironments quickly?
•DoyouhaveunderutilizedOracleDatabaseserversthatneedconsolidation?
•IsittimeforaSQLversionupgrade(from2005,2008or2012)?•AreyouchangingMicrosoftlicensingfromEnterprisetoDatacenter?
•AreyouundergoinganewSAPinstallorupgradeoraddingnew SAPproducts(e.g.CRM,BW,SCM)?
•Areyouplanningaplatformchange,hardwarerefresh,orUnicodeconversion?
•Isittimeforaversionupgrade(from2007or2010)?•Areyoulookingtomigratefromothercollaborationplatformsorapplications?
•Areyouexperiencingscalabilityissues(e.g.parallelismordatalatency)?•Areyouexperiencingapplicationdowntimeduetofrequentsoftwareand
system upgrades?
UNIX MIGRATION
•Areyoulookingforwaystocutcostsorareyouattheendofalease?•Areyouchangingdatabaseplatforms(e.g.DB2toOracle)?
Figure 27: Application Virtualization Questions to Consider
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
Organizational Best Practices for BCA
Whenembarkingonyourvirtualizationjourney,keepthesekeyorganizationalbestpracticesinmind.
PRACTICE DETAILS
Gain a Solid Understanding of How Virtualization Works
•Virtualizationrequiresalignmentacrossyourservers,network,storage,andapplications.Unitetheteamsbehindeachlayerforthebestchanceofsuccess.
•Specificallywhenvirtualizingbusiness-criticalapplications,itisimportanttoremember that outages and downtime you might have seen in development and testingwillcarryasignificantimpact.
Maintain Proper Insight at All Layers
•Themanagementtoolsinplacemustgivetheservers,network,storage,andapplicationteamsmentionedabovetheproperviewintotheirlayer.Inthisway,theycanplanandtroubleshootaccordingly.
•Everyteammustbeproactivewithcapacity,deliverproperreportsandmetrics,anddefineprocessesthroughout.
Segment a Team to Focus on Business-Critical Applications Support while Virtualizing
•AninternalVMwareBCAsupportteamonthecentralinfrastructuresidecanfocus on unique aspects of managing virtual environments that might not be seen until the migration begins.
Business-Critical Applications Can Lose Millions of Dollars per Minute if They Go Down
•Managetheprocessproactivelytoavoidsignificantlossesintransition. Avoidusinghelpticketsafteraproblemoccurs.
•MakemanualvMotionmovesifneeded.•Changeifissuesarise.
Figure 28: Key Organizational Best Practices for Business-Critical Applications
Where to Start with BCA Design
Basethesizingofyourvirtualenvironmentonphysicalservers.It’scriticaltounderstandyourapplicationrequirementsandhaveagoodsenseofthecapacityandstorageyou’llneed.
•VMware Capacity Planner –HelpsyoutogaininsightintoITresourceutilizationanddevelopavirtualizationroadmap for server containment and consolidation.
•VMware vCenter Application Discovery Manager–Allowsyoutoquicklyandaccuratelymapyourapplication dependencies so you can accelerate datacenter moves.
•Microsoft has Exchange and SQL tools for performing the migration.
Whenyoubeginthemigration,useVMware’svStorageAPIsforArrayIntegrationtosavetimewhilemoving,startingorcreatingVMsbyeliminatingredundantdataflow.WithStorageAPIs,vSpherecanperformfasterwhileconsuminglessCPU,memory,andstoragebandwidth.
Forreferencearchitectures,pleasesee:
• vBlock
•Flexpod
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
Experts VMwarePartnershavetheoptiontocompleteextracourseworktobecomeVBCACompetent.Therearemanypartnerswiththisdesignationgloballytohelpyouvirtualizeyourbusiness-criticalapplications.ThefollowingisapartiallistoftheVBCACompetentpartners.Pleasegotohttp://partnerlocator.vmware.com for a complete list of partners in your area.
North America
AdvizeXAheadEMCGreenPagesGroupwareHouseofBrickIdealIntegrationsITPartnersNexusInformationSystemsVarrow VirtuITVMwareConsultingServices
CognizantHouseofBrickITPartnersNtiretyViscosity TechnologyVMwareConsultingServices
TExpertsVMwareConsultingServices
Europe AssyruscomdivisionConsultingComputacenterEDVCompasKN3NILPQRSIEVERS-SNCSVASystemVertriebAlexanderTecnidata VMwareConsultingServices
PQRB.V.VMwareConsultingServices
AddOnSystemhaus VMwareConsultingServices
Asia CcloudFXPTEData#3DatacomSystemsHPITSolutions2000VMwareConsultingServices
HPITSolutions2000VMwareConsultingServices
HPITSolutions2000VMwareConsultingServices
Figure 29: Global VMware VBCA Competent Partners
Partnersintheabovetablearecertifiedtomeetlearningandexperiencerequirementsvirtualizingbusiness-criticalapps.Workingwiththesepartnersenablescustomerstogetthebestservicepossiblefromanexpert invirtualization.
ClickheretomoreaboutVMware Consulting Services.
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Virtualizing Business-Critical Applications
Learn More•Deployment Guides, Best Practices, Whitepapers
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Conclusion JoinmanyotherVMwarecustomersonthenextstepofyourjourneytotransformyourinfrastructure.Runyourbusiness-criticalapplications,includingExchange,Oracle,SQL,SAP,andJavaonvSpherewithbreakthroughperformanceandoutstandingreliability.Buildaflexiblecloudcomputinginfrastructurethatcandeliverbusiness-criticalapplicationsasdynamic,cost-efficient,andreliableITservices.