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中国远程教育
中国远程教育 DISTANCE EDUCATION IN CHINA
虚拟世界在远程教育中的应用:机会与挑战□ [澳大利亚] 海伦·法利
肖俊洪 译
【摘 要】
虚拟世界为我们制订创新性课程计划以提高远程教育质量提供诸多机会。在虚拟世界环境中,学
生能够参加类似于现实生活中的任务和场景的各种真实学习活动。此外,有些学习任务如果在现实生
活中开展,不但费用高而且危险性大,虚拟世界则为学生提供完成这种学习活动的平台。有些真实环
境能促进最优化学习,如果我们精心设计相应的模拟环境,尤其是它们能具备触觉精度和触觉反馈能
力时,我们便能够在虚拟环境中模拟这些真实环境,既无风险又有成本效益。本文首先对虚拟世界做
一个概述,然后分析虚拟环境的教育用途,并阐述虚拟世界应用于远程教育给教育工作者和学生带来
的机会和挑战。文章最后简要探讨在未来远程学习中学习者可能以哪些方式与虚拟世界互动。
【关键词】 虚拟世界;高等教育;Second Life(第二人生);多用户虚拟环境
【中图分类号】 G420 【文献标识码】 B 【文章编号】 1009—458x(2015)11—0034—11
Second Life 进行交互。同样,通过改变 NintendoWii Balance Board的程序,现在不用手就能够在虚
拟环境做动作(Farley, 2011)。虚拟世界可以成为探索之地、奇妙之地,只要我
们希望得到的东西都能在虚拟世界出现。但是,虚拟
世界也是危险之地。最大的危险是在虚拟世界中我们
的教师仍然按照物理世界的方式做事——新工具、旧
方法。换言之,我们在进行教学准备的过程中没有考
虑教学对象和教学环境与以往的不同以及职场也一直
在变化这些情况,因此,我们无法发挥虚拟环境在提
供丰富、引人入胜和以学生为中心的学习活动这方面
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中国远程教育 DISTANCE EDUCATION IN CHINA
的巨大潜力。要把教学融入虚拟世界,我们就必须精
心策划,投入时间和资金,心无旁骛,才能赢得持怀
疑态度人士的支持。我们必须为此而努力。
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