Virtual private networks (vpn)

VIRTUAL PRIVATE NETWORKS (VPN)

Name = Aviansh nath B.tech – 2 year ( I T )

Traditional Connectivity

1. Virtual Private Network is a type of private network that uses public telecommunication, such as the Internet, instead of leased lines to communicate.

2. Became popular as more employees worked in remote locations.

3. Terminologies to understand how VPNs work.

What is VPN?

Who uses VPN ? VPN’s can be found in homes, workplaces, or

anywhere else as long as an ISP (Internet Service Provider) is available.

VPN’s allow company employees who travel often or who are outside their company headquarters to safely and securely connect to their company’s Intranet

Private Networks vs.

Virtual Private Networks1. Employees can access the network (Intranet)

from remote locations.

2. Secured networks.

3. The Internet is used as the backbone for VPNs

4. Saves cost tremendously from reduction of equipment and maintenance costs.

5. Scalability

Remote Access Virtual Private Network

1. Two connections – one is made to the Internet and the second is made to the VPN.

2. Datagrams – contains data, destination and source information.

3. Firewalls – VPNs allow authorized users to pass through the firewalls.

4. Protocols – protocols create the VPN tunnels.

Brief Overview of How it Works

1. Authentication – validates that the data was sent from the sender.

2. Access control – limiting unauthorized users from accessing the network.

3. Confidentiality – preventing the data to be read or copied as the data is being transported.

4. Data Integrity – ensuring that the data has not been altered

Four Critical Functions

Encryption Encryption -- is a method of “scrambling” data before transmitting it onto the Internet.

Public Key Encryption Technique

Digital signature – for authentication

Tunneling A virtual point-to-point connectionmade through a public network. It transportsencapsulated datagrams.

Two types of end points: Remote Access Site-to-Site

In information technology, a protocol is the special set of rules that end points in a telecommunication connection use when they communicate. Protocols specify interactions between the communicating entities.Protocols exist at several levels in a telecommunication connection. For example, there are protocols for the data interchange at the hardware device level and protocols for data interchange at the application program level.

What is protocol ?

The TCP/IP  Internet protocols, a common example, consist of:

• Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), which uses a set of rules to exchange messages with other Internet points at the information packet level

• Internet Protocol (IP), which uses a set of rules to send and receive messages at the Internet address level

• Additional protocols that include the Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) and File Transfer Protocol (FTP), each with defined sets of rules to use with corresponding programs elsewhere on the Internet

Four Protocols used in VPNPPTP -- Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol

L2TP -- Layer 2 Tunneling Protocol

IPsec -- Internet Protocol Security

SOCKS – is not used as much as the ones above

VPN Encapsulation of Packets

Types of Implementations

What does “implementation” mean in VPNs?

3 typesIntranet – Within an organizationExtranet – Outside an organizationRemote Access – Employee to Business

Device Types• What it means

• 3 types• Hardware• Firewall• Software

Device Types: Hardware• Usually a VPN type of router

Pros• Highest network throughput• Plug and Play • Dual-purpose

Cons• Cost• Lack of flexibility

Device Types: Firewall• More security.

Pros• “Harden” Operating System• Tri-purpose• Cost-effective

Cons• Still relatively costly

Device Types: Software• Ideal for 2 end points not in same org.• Great when different firewalls implemented

Pros• Flexible• Low relative cost

Cons• Lack of efficiency• More labor training required• Lower productivity; higher labor costs