Virtual is Ed MikroTik by Tom Smyth

8/6/2019 Virtual is Ed MikroTik by Tom Smyth

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Copyright Wireless Connect Ltd 2007 1

Installing and Configuring MikroTik in a Virtualised

Hardware Environment

Trainer: Tom SmythClass: 13/06/2007

Virtualised MikroTik




Objectives●

Understand What is Virtualisation● Receive a high-level overview of Vmware

Server

●

Understand the basics of Vmware VirtualNetwork Configuration

● Understand how to configure a virtual machinefor use with Router OS 2.9 & Router OS 3

● Understand how to configure a virtual machine

● Understand where Virtualisation can help

● Understand where Virtualisation can not help




What is Virtualisation?

● Abstraction of physical hardware

– The same virtual hardware is presented to theguest operating system despite the underlying

hardware of the server ● Logical division of physical hardware

– single powerful host server can be divided intomany discrete separate virtual servers.

– Each of these servers can run different operatingsystems.




What is Virtualisation?




What is Vmware Server

● Vmware server installs and runs as anapplication on top of a host Windows or Linuxoperating system.

● A thin virtualisation layer partitions the physicalserver so that multiple virtual machines can berun simultaneously on a single server.

●

Vmware Server isolates each virtual machinefrom its host and other virtual machines.

● Data does not leak across virtual machines andapplications can only communicate over

configured network connections






Increased Availability using Vmwareand VRRP




Security & Flexibility with SinglePurpose MikroTik Appliances




Creating a Virtual Test Network




Securing a Laptop with a MikroTikVirtual Router Firewall




●

Run MikroTik on incompatible hardware suchas

– Raid Controllers,

– SCSI Disks

– Custom Network hardware

● Flexibility for proactive Disaster recovery in theevent of hardware failure

● Increased hardware usage through morecomprehensive driver support (DMA) in theunderlying operating system

●

Break up individual router tasks into separatevirtual Machines. Scalabilit and Securit

The Power of Virtualisation




Virtual Machines

● A virtual machine is like a server, but instead of an electronic mother board it uses a softwaremother board.

● All configuration and data are stored as files.● All VMs are hardware independent and run on

Vmware server on any x86 physical server.

●

Can access physical host hardware resourcesthrough emulated hardware

● Are completely isolated and secure.




Increased Flexibility

● Responsive DR functionality full systems canbe easily moved from one physical server toanother, even while in operation.

●

Can be built and distributed as plug-and-playvirtual appliances (help sales and exposeproduct to new markets and new customers)




● Core of Networks – Using VRRP for increased availability

– Linux Clusters for maximum availability

– Provide an end to end MikroTik Solutions

–

Provide high performance multigigabit throughput** – Provide Multi purpose logically separate services

● Laptops (fire walling & Security)

● Marketing – Place Host server in Data Centre containing Demo Network Configuration

showing Dude & MikroTik Power and Ease of use

● Test labs – Testing Dynamic Routing Protocol Configuration

– Testing QOS policies

Virtualisation Applications




● Virtualisation is not practical in all cases arethere alternatives?

– RB1000 better applied in Distribution Networks

– Cluster 2x RB 1000s for high availability – Do you need to have scalability ?

– Do you need to add complexity ?

● Virtualisation requires good hardware tofunction – Xeon /Opteron Processors

– Multiple PCI/X busses

–

Multiple PCIExpress lanes – Memory on the host server must be of adequate capacity

Virtualisation Advice




● Virtual Processor

– Intel Pentium II or later, or AMD Athlon or later, depending on hostprocessor;

– Intel EMT64VT (experimental support)

– Single and multiprocessor per virtual machine on symmetricmultiprocessor (SMP) systems.

● Virtual Chipset

– Intel 440BX based motherboard with NS338 SIO chip and

82093AA IOAPIC

● Virtual BIOS

– PhoenixBIOS 4.0 Release 6 with VESA BIOS

– DMI/SMBIOS compliant for system management agent support

Virtual Machine Core Specifications




Virtual Machine StorageSpecifications

● Virtual Memory

– Up to 3600MB of memory per virtual machine,depending on the host system's configuration and

the amount of memory on the physical host● Virtual IDE Drives

– Up to four devices: IDE HDDs, CDROM or DVD

–

Hard disks can be virtual disks or physicaldisks.IDE virtual disks up to 950GB

– CDROM can be a physical device or an ISO imagefile








● Setup of Physical and virtual NICs

– If Firewall remove IP address from all physicalinterface on the host OS

– Minimise Virtual Adapters on the host – Setup additional Vmware Vmnets (virtual networks)

● Minimise vmnets for performance (Production boxes)

● Maximise vmnets for testing flexibility (test/training boxes)

● Disable Vmware Server Nat Service

● Disable Vmware DHCP Config Service

Vmware Server Preparationon Windows /Linux




Preparing A Vmware Server on Windows for MikroTik




Check The Memory Allocation




Note the Maximum totalamount of RAM allocated to VMs




Setting Up theVirtual Networks




Look at the summarywatch out for NAT & DHCP




Limit the amount of Host Virtual Adapters




Remove all DHCP NetworksStop DHCP Server Service




Disable NAT Service




Configure Physical/Virtual Network Connections




● Note that MT ROS 2.9.XX is based on the 2.4Linux kernel series.

● Note that MT ROS2.9.XX supports 1 CPU

● Note that MT ROS2.9.XX requires a min 32MB(X86) of RAM up to a max 1GB of RAM

● Note that MT ROS2.9.XX requires IDE Storage

● All virtual disks should be preallocated fixedsize files (better performance)

Creating a Virtual Machine for MikroTik Router OS 2.9.XX




Vmware Main Console Screen




New Virual Machine Wizard




Select the Correct Guest OS




Name the Virtual Machine




Make Virtual Machine Private




Select Machine User Context

Processor Configuration




Processor ConfigurationMikroTik 2.9.XX

Supports 1 Processor only




Configure 1st Network Card




Create New Virtual Disk




Select I/O Adapter (not Relevant for MikroTik)




Select IDE Storage(essential for MikroTik operation)








Virtual Machine Bare Bones




Add Network Cards to the VirtualMachine




Configure the Network Adapter




Add Hardware Wizard








Select Virtual Network Connection

V Vi t l M hi




Vmware Virtual MachineHardware Screen

I t CD ROM i




Insert CD ROM inVirtual Machine




Start the Virtual Machine




The Virtual POST Screen

Mik Tik ISO Li




MikroTik ISO LinuxBoot Screen




System Package Selection




MikroTik Installation Progress





Mik Tik L l




MikroTik LocalConsole Login Prompt

Practical Excercise




Practical ExcerciseNow it's Your Turn!

● Create a MikroTik Virtual Machine with thefollowing specifications to run Router OS2.9.XX

–

32 MB RAM – 100 MB HDD Storage

– 4 Ethernet Network Interfaces

Creating a Virtual Machine for




● Note that MT ROS 3 is based on the 2.6 Linuxkernel series.

● Note that MT ROS 3 supports 1 CPU up 2 CPU

(SMP Experimental support)● Note that MT ROS2.9.XX requires a min 32MB

(X86) of RAM up to a max 2GB of RAM

●

Note that MT ROS 3 supports IDE & SATAStorage

● All virtual disks should be preallocated fixedsize files (better performance)

Creating a Virtual Machine for MikroTik Router OS 3

Virtual Machine Network




Virtual Machine NetworkSpecifications




Virtual Machine Wizard




Select Custom Settings





















Specify Processor Option




Specify Processor Option1 or 2 CPUs Your Choice




Virtual Machine Memory Config





Virtual Machine NetworkUse Bridged Networking

Select I/O Adapter




Select I/O Adapter (Irrelevant for Mikrotik)






Select IDE Storage for




Select IDE Storage for MikroTik Router




Specify Disk Size

Specify Virtual Disk




Specify Virtual DiskFile Location

Bare Bones




Bare BonesSystem Configuration






Start the Virtual Machine




The Virtual POST Screen

MikroTik ISO Linux




MikroTik ISO LinuxBoot Screen



Mik Tik I t ll ti P





Mik Tik I t ll ti P





MikroTik Local




MikroTik LocalConsole Login Prompt

F th R di



Further Reading

● http://mikrotik.com● http://shop.wirelessconnect.eu/

● http://vmware.com

● http://centos.org

● http://redhat.com

● http://microsoft.com/virtualserver

http://mikrotik.com/

http://shop.wirelessconnect.eu/

http://vmware.com/

http://centos.org/

http://redhat.com/

http://microsoft.com/virtualserver

http://microsoft.com/virtualserver

http://redhat.com/

http://centos.org/

http://vmware.com/

http://shop.wirelessconnect.eu/

http://mikrotik.com/

Virtual is Ed MikroTik by Tom Smyth

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