Violence In Sports

The Analysis of Violence Among Sport Spectators

Kris NoltSam Swanseger

Casey DoyleJason Sand

• 11-20-2009• Riot outside Algerian Embassy• 11 police and 24 protesters were

injured

• May 9th, 2001• Accra, Ghana• Fans Rowdy• Police Fire Tear Gas• Fans Stampede• 126 Fans Die

• July 5, 2000• Thomas Junta • Argument over rough play• Beat Michael Costin to

death• Claimed Self-Defense• Sentenced to 6-10 years

• Violent Acts Internationally– Hooliganism

• Violence Among Sports Fans in Professional Sports– Factors of Violence– Spectator Agression– NFL Fan Experiences

• Parental Violence in Youth Sports• Analysis of Alcohol Consumption• Solution to Violence in Sport

• Violent, destructive, and hostile behavior by fansat sporting events

• Serious problem since 1960s• Violence was mainly within

futbol stadiums during 1960-70s

• Moving Outside Stadiums Today

• Influence of alcohol is a disputed factor

• Media Contribution (video games, TV, etc…)

• Public Order Act of 1986• Futbol Spectators Act of

1989

• 3,842 arrests for futbol-related crimes at international matches in England and Wales

• 67% of matches (1.21 arrests per game)

• Number of banning orders: 3,172 (1,048 new cases since last year)

• 94% of people whose banning orders have expired are no longer creating a risk to futbol disorder

• 14-15 year olds arrests went up 19% since 2002-03

• Arrests for racist chanting went up by 57%

• Arrests during games played in England and Wales increased from 68-261

• 121 arrests during 2002-03 season (division’s second highest total)

• Public Intoxication• Ticket Scalping• Underage Drinking• Student Party

Riots• Littering• Loitering• Traffic Congestion

• Verbal• Gesturing• “Missile” throwing• Warming• Property

destruction• Physical

• "A Raiders fan had a sock full of loose change, used it to club a Broncos fan and knock him out.“

• "With a 5-year-old, we were totally surrounded by drunks using "F" bombs the whole game."

• "I saw a little girl, about 10, get put in a trash can because she was wearing a Giant's jersey.“

• "Browns fans were being pelted with snowballs, but then again, that was pretty funny."

• Lack of statistics• Big problem in early

part of century• Highly Publicized

Cases• Sports Rage

• View sports as way to fame or glory

• Over-identification• Breakdown in Societal

Norms

• Tailgating• Bored fans• Unfavorabe Game

Outcome• Drinking settings

attract aggressive people

• Varying cultures

• Mentally– Power and control– Reduced fear– Reduced sensitivity

• Perception• Motor Skills• Cognitive Skills

• Regulate drinking hours• Serve low alcohol beverages• Lower prices of food and

water• Control patrons bringing

alcohol into venues• Smaller serving sizes• Have properly trained staff

and security on hand

• Accessible facilities• Plan ahead:– Traffic management– Public transportation

• Designated family areas• Keep the fans happy• Communicate and Inform

• Pressure Government to Create More Laws Regarding Hooliganinism

• Employ More Police Officers in Stadiums• Make All Parents Sign a ‘Code of Conduct’• Banning Alcohol From Stadiums• Regulating Tailgating Parties• Breathalizers at Gates

Allsop, S., Dr., Pascal, R., & Chikritzhs, T., Dr. (2005, September). Management of Alcohol at Large-Scale Sports Fixtures and other Public Events. Retrieved from National Drug Research Institute website: http://ndri.curtin.edu.au/ local/ docs/ pdf/ publications/ R190.pdf

Heinzmann, G. S. (2002). Parental Violence in Youth Sports: Facts, Myths, and Videotape. Retrieved from http://youthsports.rutgers.edu/resources/ general-interest/parental-violence-in-youth-sports-facts-myths-and-videotape

Madensen, T. D., & Eck, J. E. (2008, August). Spectator Violence in Stadiums (Rep. No. 54). Retrieved from U.S. Department of Justice website: http://www.cops.usdoj.gov/ files/ RIC/ Publications/ e080828167.pdf

Mosher, J. (2005, February 5). Why Sports Should Sober Up. Retrieved from http://www.pire.org/ external/ documents/ Newsroom/ WashingtonPost_WhySportsSoberUp_02_05_05.pdf

NFL Stadium Rankings. (2009). Retrieved from http://sportsillustrated.cnn.com/ football/ nfl/ specials/ fansurvey/ 2008/ index.html

Opdyke, J. D., & Kesmodel, D. (2009, September 12). Beer Sales Make a Comeback at College Stadiums. Retrieved from http://online.wsj.com/ article/ SB125271416817105157.html

Peachey, P. (2003, August 19). New Generation of Teenage Hooligans Threatens Football. Retrieved from http://www.independent.co.uk/ news/ uk/ crime/ new-generation-of-teenage-hooligans-threatens-football-536387.html

Statistics on Football Related Arrests & Banning Orders. (2008, November). Retrieved from Home Office website: http://www.homeoffice.gov.uk/ documents/ football-arrests-0708?view=Binary

Steinbach, P. (2006, January 1). Last Call: Administrators Continue to Struggle With Decisions Regarding the Sale of Alcohol at Sporting Events. Retrieved from http://www.athleticbusiness.com/ articles/ article.aspx?articleid=1136&zoneid=2