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Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego. Ramachandran has formulated what he calls eight laws of aesthetics. According to Ramachandran, art will always tend to be a sort of exaggeration of the reality. Venus of Willendorf Indian female temple sculptures caricature drawings
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Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Aug 02, 2020

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Page 1: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego. Ramachandran has formulated what he calls eight laws of aesthetics. According to Ramachandran, art will always tend to be a sort of exaggeration of the reality. Venus of Willendorf Indian female temple sculptures caricature drawings

Page 2: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Another founder of our discipline is V.S. Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego. Ramachandran has formulated what he calls eight laws of aesthetics. According to Ramachandran, art will always tend to be a sort of exaggeration of the reality. Venus of Willendorf Indian female temple sculptures caricature drawings

Page 3: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Another founder of our discipline is V.S. Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego. Ramachandran has formulated what he calls eight laws of aesthetics. According to Ramachandran, art will always tend to be a sort of exaggeration of the reality. Venus of Willendorf Indian female temple sculptures caricature drawings

Page 4: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Another founder of our discipline is V.S. Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego. Ramachandran has formulated what he calls eight laws of aesthetics. According to Ramachandran, art will always tend to be a sort of exaggeration of the reality. Venus of Willendorf Indian female temple sculptures caricature drawings

Page 5: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Another founder of our discipline is V.S. Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego. Ramachandran has formulated what he calls eight laws of aesthetics. According to Ramachandran, art will always tend to be a sort of exaggeration of the reality. Venus of Willendorf Indian female temple sculptures caricature drawings Ramachandran labels this exaggeration the peak shift effect. He finds the same mechanism in work in the animal world.

Page 6: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Another founder of our discipline is V.S. Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego. Ramachandran has formulated what he calls eight laws of aesthetics. According to Ramachandran, art will always tend to be a sort of exaggeration of the reality. Venus of Willendorf Indian female temple sculptures caricature drawings Ramachandran labels this exaggeration the peak shift effect. He finds the same mechanism in work in the animal world. An interesting experiment has focused on seagulls feeding their chicks. The beak of the seagull, which is yellow, has a red stripe on it which the chickens pecks at when they ask for food.

Page 7: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Another founder of our discipline is V.S. Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego. Ramachandran has formulated what he calls eight laws of aesthetics. According to Ramachandran, art will always tend to be a sort of exaggeration of the reality. Venus of Willendorf Indian female temple sculptures caricature drawings Ramachandran labels this exaggeration the peak shift effect. He finds the same mechanism in work in the animal world. An interesting experiment has focused on seagulls feeding their chicks. The beak of the seagull, which is yellow, has a red stripe on it which the chickens pecks at when they ask for food.

Page 8: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Another founder of our discipline is V.S. Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego. Ramachandran has formulated what he calls eight laws of aesthetics. According to Ramachandran, art will always tend to be a sort of exaggeration of the reality. Venus of Willendorf Indian female temple sculptures caricature drawings Ramachandran labels this exaggeration the peak shift effect. He finds the same mechanism in work in the animal world. An interesting experiment has focused on seagulls feeding their chicks. The beak of the seagull, which is yellow, has a red stripe on it which the chickens pecks at when they ask for food.

Page 9: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 10: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 11: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 12: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 13: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

´Nixon stimulus`sent to the limbic system

Page 14: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

´Nixon stimulus`sent to the limbic system, from which feedbac loopes will leed back to the early visual centres to reinforse the ´Nixon module`, which turns the ´Nixon stimulus` into a ´Nixon super stimulus`.

Page 15: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

The artist has here created what Ramachandran will designate a «super stimulus» of female beauty and sexuality. This super stimulus captures the rasa of feminine pose and grace which will tap into the limbic system of the beholder resulting in an emotional response.

Page 16: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 17: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 18: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 19: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 20: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
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Page 22: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 23: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
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Page 25: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 26: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 27: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
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Page 31: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 32: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 33: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

The face and the eyes as «superstimulus». Cubism, here Picasso

Page 34: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 35: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 36: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Ramachandran: «Perhaps some movements in the history of art can be understood as driven by a logic of peak shift: the new art form finds and amplifies the essence of a previous one (sometimes many years previous, in the case of Picasso and African art).

Page 37: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 38: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 39: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 40: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
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Page 45: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 46: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 47: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
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Page 49: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 50: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 51: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Isolating a single module leads to allocating attention

Page 52: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 53: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 54: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 55: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 56: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 57: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Nadia 4 years old Leonardo da Vinci Normal child drawing, 5 years old

Page 58: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Nadia has an extraordinary ability to deploy all attentional sources to the ´visual form representation channel`enabling her to grasp the horse module and representing it a la Leonardo.

Page 59: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 60: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 61: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 62: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 63: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 64: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Marmor av typen cipolla plassert symmetrisk. Hagia Sofia, Istanbul. Foto B. Kiilerich

Page 65: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 66: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 67: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Villa Rotonda, Vicenza 1566

Page 68: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
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Song of Songs

Page 77: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.
Page 78: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

beauty – goodness – trustworthy/truth Afrodite of Knidos

Page 79: Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology …...Vilayanur Ramachandran, professor in neurobiology at the Center for Brain and Cognition, University of California, San Diego.

Christ, Museo Nazionale, Rome, c. A.D. 380