Vice Admiral Conrad C. Lautenbacher, Jr., Ph.D. U.S. Navy (Ret.) Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere and Administrator, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) November 7, 2006 • American Public Health Association 134 th Annual Meeting, Boston, MA. Global Earth Observations A New Approach to Prevention, Early Warning and More Rapid Problem-Solving
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Vice Admiral Conrad C. Lautenbacher, Jr., Ph.D. U.S. Navy (Ret.) Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere and Administrator, National Oceanic.
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Vice Admiral Conrad C. Lautenbacher, Jr., Ph.D. U.S. Navy (Ret.)Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere andAdministrator, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)November 7, 2006 • American Public Health Association 134th Annual Meeting, Boston, MA.
Global Earth ObservationsA New Approach to Prevention, Early Warning and More Rapid Problem-Solving
Global Earth ObservationsA New Approach to Prevention, Early Warning and More Rapid Problem-Solving
WHO reports that about 25% of the total burden of disease can be attributed to environmental and occupational factors.
Neonatal causes
37%
Acute respiratory infections
19%
Diarrheal diseases
(post-neonatal) 17%
Injuries 3%
Other 10%
Main Causes of Death Among Children Under FiveMain Causes of Death Among Children Under Five
World Health Report 2005
Malaria 8%
HIV/AIDS 3%
Measles 4%
2000 - 2003
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10
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DAY
CASES
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Adapted from J. Davis, Climate AdaptationWorkshop, Nov. 2003
Detection/Reporting
First Case
Lab Confirmation
Response
Opportunity for control
Outbreak Detection and ResponseOutbreak Detection and Response
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10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
DAY
CASES
Opportunity for control
Effective Health Early WarningEffective Health Early Warning
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Earth Observations
and Monitoring Information
Adapted from J. Davis, Climate AdaptationWorkshop, Nov. 2003Outreach and stakeholder involvementOutreach and stakeholder involvement
Detection/Reporting
First Case
Lab Confirmation
Response
Opportunity for control
By altering the range and amount of rainfall and related changes in ecosystems, El Niño can have a striking effect on the incidence of malaria.
Malaria Endemic Countries2004
Malaria Endemic Countries2004
NONE
LIMITED RISK
TRANSMISSIONOCCURS WHO, 2004
Rainfall and MalariaWeekly Cases in Niger from 2001 to 2003
Pre
cip
(mm
/day
)
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
2001 2002 2003
Thiaw, W. – NOAA/OHHI
El Niño: Early Warning for CholeraEl Niño: Early Warning for Cholera
Sea Surface TemperatureLinked to Cholera
Sea Surface TemperatureLinked to Cholera
Bay of BengalBay of Bengal Lobitz et al. 2000 PNAS 97:1430
NigeriaNorwayParaguayPhilippinesPortugalRepublic of KoreaRepublic of the CongoRussian FederationSlovak RepublicSloveniaSouth AfricaSpainSudanSwedenSwitzerlandThailandTunisiaUgandaUkraineUnited KingdomUnited StatesUzbekistan www.earthobservations.org
66 Countries and the European Commission43 Organizations
usgeo.gov
U.S. Group on Earth Observations
Department of Commerce
• National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration• National Institute for Standards and Technology
Department of Defense
• U.S. Army Corps of Engineers• Navy• Air Force• National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
Department of Energy
Department of Health and Human Services
• National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences
Department of Homeland Security
• Federal Emergency Management Agency
Department of the Interior
• U.S. Geological Survey
Department of State
Department of Transportation
Environmental ProtectionAgency
National Aeronautics andSpace Administration
National Science Foundation
Smithsonian Institution
Tennessee Valley Authority
U.S. Agency for InternationalDevelopment
U.S. Department of Agriculture
• Agriculture Research Service• U.S. Forest Service
White House Council onEnvironmental Quality
White House Office ofManagement and Budget
White House Office ofScience and Technology Policy
ValueAdded
GEOSS
GEOSS Operating Principles
Open and Transparent Process
Standardized Practices and Protocols
User-friendly Formats
Interoperable Components
Mosquito Surveillance
Social Factors
Demographics
Climate
Global Observations
Sea Surface Temperature
Land Cover
Land Use
Other observations
Local/Regional Observations
Weather
Disease Surveillance
Applications, Products,Model Output
GEONETCast
Malaria Case Example
Predictions, Warnings, Validation
Decision-Making,Implementation
Global PublicHealth Benefits
Preparation, Response, Mitigation
Malaria Case Example
GEONETCast
The goal is to access the right information,in the right format, at the right time, for the right people, to make the right decisions.