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Lecture 19, 26 October 2004Chapter 12, Circulation
Vertebrate PhysiologyECOL 437
University of ArizonaFall 2004
instr: Kevin Boninet.a.: Nate Swenson
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1. Circulation2. Term Papers3. Exams Returned Thurs?
Vertebrate Physiology 437
12-10 Randall et al.
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Term Paper Tips:
-Physiology and science should be subject, not researchers and experiments-Hanging your paper on a question or a problem helps give direction and focus-More physiology-Subheadings often helpful
-More sophisticated Future Directions, including gaps in current knowledge, flaws in current studies, proposed detailed experiments, think outside the box
-Synthesize, not serial book reports-Abstract, role is summary of entire paper, not an intro to the intro
-Avoid Pronouns (its, these, this, …which, there are)-Passive voice to be avoided (e.g., Avoid passive voice)-Leading and following zeroes (0.5, .5, .50)-Page numbers-Citation format (Journal of Physiology)
-Turn in old, graded work with each new version
-Peer editing (read quickly, then read for content and writing, lots of comments)-code names (04 November)
R to LO2 poor to systemic via aortic arches(short delay between valves opening)
L to RO2 rich to pulmonary artery(longer delay between valves opening)
Reptilian and Amphibian Circulation
Cardiac Shunts (in 3-chambered heart)
1. temperature regulation2. breath holding (diving, turtle in shell, inflated lizards)3. stabilize O2 content of blood when breathe intermittently
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Mammalian fetus:
Ductus arteriosus (R -> L shunt, lung bypass)-pulmonary artery to systemic arch-when lung inflate resistance down (pulm)-when lose placental circ. resistance up (syst)-closes at birth
Foramen ovale (interatrial shunt R -> L)-hole in wall between atria-closes at birth
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Bird chick:
Chorioallantois= network of vessels under
shell surface
MLQ
Interatrial septum-R -> L shunt, lung bypass-closes after hatching
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Vander 2001
Electrical Activity in the Mammalian Heart
Influenced by autonomic NS
RALA
LVRV
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Sherwood 1997
Cardiac Cells electronically linked by Gap Junctions
(except from atrial to ventricular cells…)
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Vander 2001
Electrical Activity in the Mammalian Heart
(see 12-12)
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Recall AP and refractory period differences…
(12-7)
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Vander 2001
(see 12-5)
Types of Cardiac Cells:
A. Contractile
B. Conducting
~ autorhythmic
~ fast-conducting
SA nodeAV node
InternodalInteratrialBundle of HisPurkinjeEtc.
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Sherwood 1997
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Types of Cardiac Cells:
A. Contractile
B. Conducting
- 1° autorhythmic
-1° fast-conducting
SA nodeAV node
Pacemakers:
-Normally HR driven by SA node
-Others are Latentpacemakers
-Called Ectopicpacemaker when node other than SA driving HR