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Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding
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Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

Jun 07, 2018

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Page 1: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement UncertaintyReading and understanding

Page 2: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

The ruler

Page 3: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

For an uncertainty of about 1%

a) a ruler, marked in mm, is useful for making measurements of distances of about 10cm or greater.

Page 4: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

Reading a ruler

THE READING IS SLIGHTLY OVER 4.3 Should the result be stated as 4.3 ½ a division NO the measurement is made at 2 ends!!

Page 5: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

Reading a ruler

Every measurement is really a subtraction

6.3(0.05)cm - 2.0 (0.05)cm = 4.3 (0.1)cm

Page 6: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

Reading a Vernier

Page 7: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

Note 10 divisions on the vernier scale cover nine divisions on the main scale

The vernier works because of this discrepancy.

Page 8: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

On this cm scale the reading is 1.23cm

Page 9: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

The vernier part of the reading is really a subtraction:

x = d - d'

x = 3mm - 3(0·9)mm = 3(0·1)mm

Page 10: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

The level of precision depends on the difference between the size of the smallest division on the main scale and the size of the smallest division on the Vernier scale.

Main scale (1mm) - Vernier scale (0.9mm) = 0.1mmThe reading above is 1.23 0.01 cm

Page 11: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

756.0

What is the uncertainty?

Smallest measurement on the main scale- Smallest measurement on the Vernier

1 - 0.9 = 0.1

The reading is written 756.0 0.1

Page 12: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

756.5 0.1

Page 13: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

756.7 0.1

Page 14: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

Different Verniers

Page 15: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

What will the precision of this scale be?

main scale smallest division = 1mm

vernier scale smallest division 49/50 mm

1-49/50 = 1/50 mm = 0.02mmAll measurement are to 0.02mm

Page 16: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

The Micrometer

Reading the micrometer

Page 17: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

Each mark here is = 0.01mm

Reading = 6.57mm

Page 18: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

Using the micrometer

Do not over tighten the micrometer Do not store with closed Jaws When measuring the diameter of a wire

take readings across several points at 90 degrees to each other.

Page 19: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

6.57mm

Page 20: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

4.07mm

Page 21: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

6.22mm

Page 22: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

1.02mm

Page 23: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

6.52mm

Page 24: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

10.97mm

10.5mm

0.47mm

Page 25: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

Micrometer Uncertainty

The micrometer may not close on zero.

We take a zero point reading which we add to our reading.

This affects the uncertainty of our micrometer reading

Page 26: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

6.52 0.005mm + (-0.01) 0.005mm = 6.520.01mm

If the zero reading was -0.01mm

This reading is 6.52mm

Page 27: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

Digital micrometers and vernier callipers

The uncertainty of a correctly set digital micrometer is 10 times less than that of a simple micrometer.

Similarly the uncertainty of digital callipers is 10 x less than that of a simple vernier calliper

Page 28: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

The digital calliper

12.17mm

on zero

Switch on and make sure the callipers are set in mm.- blue button

Fully close the caliper and set the zero-yellow button

The uncerainty on a single reading is 0.01mm

Mm/inch

Page 29: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

The digital micrometer

2.317abs

On/off

set

Abs/inch

unit

C-/©

The uncertainty on this single reading is 0.001mm

Page 30: Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty - …€¦ · PPT file · Web view · 2012-01-13Rulers, Verniers, Micrometers and Measurement Uncertainty Reading and understanding

The digital micrometer

2.317abs

On/off

set

Abs/inch

unit

C-/©

Using only the ratchet close the caliper.

Press the on off button for more than 2 seconds until “set” appears in the window above the number. The micrometer now reads zero.

Make sure that the unit is not reading in inches