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Verification of UGC / Eyewitness Media: Verification of UGC / Eyewitness Media: Challenges & Approaches
Jochen SpangenbergInnovation Manager // Deutsche Welle & REVEAL Project
Note: this is a slightly adapted version of the presentation held at news:rewiredNote: this is a slightly adapted version of the presentation held at news:rewiredon 16 July 2015 in LondonIt is made available to participants and others interested in the topic verificationof eyewitness media (or UGC, as it is often called, too)
Copyright notice: Copyrights, trademarks, logos etc remain with respectivecopyright holders. Usage of logos, images, screenshots etc in this presentationis for non-commercial demonstration purposes only. Respective rules for usageapply.
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Source: Georg Mittenecker (CC BY-SA 2.5)
Sources of all images: see http://revealproject.eu/for respective copyright holders
Finding out how journalists deal with eyewitness media: issues, challenges, wishes, concerns (extracts of selected interviews on www.revealproject.eu)
Wishful thinking …
Source: Scientology „e-meter“. Image by Salimfadhley. (CC BY-SA 3.0)
Reality check
Verification of UGC / eyewitness media
• can be laborious• can be laborious
• can be time-consuming
• requires particular (new) skill sets
• Does not (yet) follow industry-wide rules / practices
ButBut
Source: Janis Krums, who took the photo in Jan 2009 on his iPhone and posted on TwitPic / shared via Twitter, from where it was picked up by numerous news outlets. See https://twitter.com/#!/jkrums/status/1121915133)
Source: images circulating on Twitter, claiming to show crashed Germanwings flight 9525
Source (of first manipulation): unknown
So what to do?So what to do?
Dealing with (Verification of) UGC / Eyewitness Med ia
Media organisations: be a facilitator
Journalists:
- value of established (and useful) journalistic practices / skills ...
- knowledge of useful tools (usage, benefits / shortcomings) ...
Sources: Screenshots of Suncalc, Google Maps & Translate, Tweetdeck, Followerwonk, Mentionmapp, Topsy, Storyful Pro, Jeffrey’s Exif Viewer, Panoramio, Pipl
Source: screenshot of a Source: screenshot of a Google Reverse Image Search
Source: screenshot of a Tineye image search
Source: screenshot of a Wolfram Alpha weather check for New Jersey on 29 Oct 2012 (supposed date of photo with shark in New Jersey)http://www.wolframalpha.com/
Source: screenshot of an Exif data check performed with Jeffrey‘s Exif Viewer. http://regex.info/exif.cgi
Sources: screenshots of Twitter ProfilesSource: screenshots of mentionmapp analysis
followerwonk analysis
Where?
Source: Panoramio screenshot
Source: Flickr, by sarflondondunc, (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
Source: Panoramio screenshot
Source: Flickr, by Paul Stein, (CC BY-SA 2.0)
Source: Flickr, by s1lang, (CC BY-NC-ND 2.0)
When?
Source: YouTube metadata screenshot
Source: Flickr, by Petr Dosek, (CC BY-SA 2.0)
Why?
Source : Screenshot of Twitter profiles of IDF and Al Qassam Brigades
Source: REVEAL / Linda Rath-Wiggins
The REVEAL approach
• Can we teach (develop) algorithms that can distinguish truths from lies / facts from manipulations (assuming that there is such a thing called ”truth“)?
ContributorCC
C
ontributorontent
ontext
The REVEAL approach
R&D dealing with, among others
Contributor• Who contributed what?
• What did they do in the past?
• Who follows him/her? With whom do they interact? How? What’s their reputation? Tustworthiness?
• How long did social accounts exist? What can be derived from it?
• Links to profile pages, affiliates, contact data?
• Text analysis (stylometry, accuracy, comparisons)
• (Rudimentary video analysis > not in focus)
• ...
The REVEAL approach
R&D dealing with, among others
Context• Who says what how about the same / related topic, and what is being
said how?
• Who are the people contributing? What did they do previously? How did they act/react? Can patterns be detected?
• How can information be connected sensibly and beneficially with other resources. (E.g.: correlate Social Media activities with information from disaster management / relief agencies / natural catastrophe centres etc)
• ...
User-driven GUI/interface development
Source: REVEAL
Functionalities
Source: REVEAL / http://demo.truthnest.com/
Work on 41 functionalities (we call them modalities)
Exemplary modality
Geospatial, social and topical context information (developed by IT Innovation)Source: REVEAL / IT Innovation
Some final remarks
Direct contact with source (but there are exceptions)
Source: plenty.r. (Flickr, CC BY-SA 2.0)
Source protection / security of sources
Source: Dina Regine (Flickr, CC BY-SA 2.0)
Crediting, sourcing and getting permission
Source: Extract from a ZDF TV Programme / news report
Ethical aspects
Source: Jordi Mir, on YouTube here
Our business
Source: Flickr, Terry Johnston , CC BY 2.0
”Getting it wrong once can be more powerful than getting it right 1000 times“
Useful resources
Useful resources
Source: http://revealproject.eu/
Useful resources
Source: screenshots of respective publications (all available online)