Veiko karu green_mining

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Veiko Karu

[email protected]

Tallinn University of Technology

Department of Mining

Estonian Mine Water Heat Pump Project

Experiences

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Presentation outline

• Study area

• Mining technology and water amounts

• Heat pump in Kiikla

• Potential solutions

• Summary

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Location

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Estonian oil shale bed

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Middle part of deposit

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Objects of the study

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- 2 0

- 1 0

0

1 0

2 0

3 0

4 0

5 0

6 0

7 0

8 0

0 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 5 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 2 5 0 0 0

E s t o n ia n o i l s h a le d e p o s i tC r o s s s e c t i o n f r o m n o r t h t o s o u t h

Ab

s

alt

itu

de

,

m

L e n g t h , m

Cross section of oil shale bed

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Oil shale seam

• Mining methods

–Hand mining

–Longwall mining

–Room and pillar

mining

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Lithology Layer Layer

thickness,

m

Height from

layer A, m

F2 0.30 3.03

F1 0.34 2.73

E 0.59 2.39

D/E 0.10 1.80

D 0.07 1.70

C/D 0.29 1.63

C 0.45 1.34

B/C 0.08 0.89

B 0.37 0.81

A/B 0.21 0.44

A 0.23 0.23

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Study area and data collection

• Mining methods

• Classification of

undermined areas

• Groundwater

• Rock parameters

• Geometrical properties of

the waterbody

• Hydrogeology calconditions

• Minewater as heat source

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Closed mines in study area

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Options Kukruse Mine no 2 Käva Käva 2 Mine no 4 Tammiku Sompa Kohtla Ahtme

Mine opening 1921 1949 1924 1924 1953 1951 1948 1937 1948

Mine closing 1967 1973 1972 1972 1975 1999 1999 2001 2001

Working time, year 46 24 48 48 22 48 51 64 53

Field area, km2 13,20 12,30 3,47 14,05 12,70 40,00 33,60 18,30 43,30

Mined field area, km2 15,13 8,57 1,84 11,72 10,43 19,26 18,14 12,14 26,36

Not mined area, km2 -1,93 3,73 1,63 2,33 2,27 20,74 15,46 6,16 16,94

Thickness of

overburden, m

11 13 21 10 12 23 23 15 37

Thickness of oil shale

seam, m

2,83 2,81 2,83 2,82 2,8 2,8 2,77 2,76 2,79

Geological space in oil

shale seam, mln m3

42,82 24,08 5,22 33,05 29,20 53,92 50,24 33,52 73,53

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Hand mined method areas

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Hand mined method

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Room and pillar mining

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Room and pillar mining

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Free space in underground

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Geology Mining method and mineral extraction (m)

A

A'

B/A'

B

C/B

C

D/C

DE/D

E

F1

F2

F3

G/F3

G-H

layers

A/A'

Longwall

face

Hand-mined

Room and pillar

(low roof)

Room and pillar

(high roof)

Limestone

Oil shale layers Limestone layers

Oil Shale seam

Oil

shale

seam

L

ime

-

sto

ne

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Used mining methods

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Mined area

• Hand-mined

– 70.75 km2

• Longwall

– 14.10 km2

• Room and pillar

– 133.60 km2

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Classification of undermined areas

-Steady land -Subsided land -Stable land -Quasistable land

Photo: Estonian Land Board; LIDAR

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Underminined areas stability

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Spatial models (1/2)

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• Layer interpolation

• Grid calculations

• Cross-sections

• Layer properties

• Layer volumes

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Spatial models (2/2)

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• 3D model

• Hydrogeology

modelling

• Water flow

• Water volumes

• Pumping test

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Parameters for modeling

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Spatial modeling

Surface Oil shale seam bottom

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ModFlow model

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ModFlow oil shale seam

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Water in closed mines

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Out flow areas

Ahtme mine

Sanniku stream

Tammiku mine

Rausvere stream

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Water amounts

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Water amount in mines

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Mine water amount distribution

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Water requirments

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Heat

requirement,

MW

Change in

temperature

, OC

Initial water

temperature, O

C

Final water

temperature

after heat

pump, O

C

Water

requirements,

m3/h

10 1 8 7 8 604

10 2 8 6 4 302

10 3 8 5 2 868

10 4 8 4 2 151

50 1 8 7 43 021

50 2 8 6 21 511

50 3 8 5 14 340

50 4 8 4 10 755

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Pumps parameters

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Pumping station

Producer Pleuger pumps Unit

Capacity 1200 m3/h

Head 34 m

Motoroutput 165 kW

Heat pump station

Producer Acwell Unit

Heating capacity 1536 kW

Power input 366 kW

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Potential locations

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Pumping test Ahtme

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Pumping and filling 42 000 m3/h

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Technological solution

• Using minewater in heat pumps, the best

possible technical solution in Ahtme is:

– pumping the water through drillhole onto the

ground surface

– water goes to heat exchanger unit

– minewater temperature will be lowered in

heat pump heat exchanger about 1...4

degrees,

– after that minewater is directed back to the

mine.

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Pilot project in Kiikla

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Pilot project in Kiikla

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Heat pump in Kiikla

Heat exchanger Heat pump

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Technological solution in Kiikla

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Heat pump work

39 Water from

Oil Shale mine

Heat pump

Photo: The Energy Groove

Consumer

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Kiikla 500kW heat pump

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Have been working three years

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Ideas for heat pump locations

• Heat pump complex to

– Viru mine

– Aidu open cast

• Heat pump in Kose settlement

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SUMMARY 42

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Spatial dynamic method

• Spatial models

• Hydrogeological

model

• Stability models

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Minewater as heat source for

heat pumps

• Water amount

• Technological

solutions

• Mine closure

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Photo: Postimees.ee

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Conclusion

• Potential location in Ahtme

• Water requirments for heat pump

complex

• Technological solutions for using mine

water as a heat source

• Pilot project in Kiikla settlement

• Future mine closure ideas

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Thank You!

Veiko Karu TUT Mining Department

[email protected]

http://mi.ttu.ee

Estonia