Vaskularisasi Pada Tubuh

Dr. Tri Suciati

DistalepiphysisProximal epiphysisdiaphysisyellow marrowepiphyseal lineperiosteumcompact bonespongy boneEndosteumhyaline cartilageSharpeys fibers

Pengantar

Circulatory SystemThree basic components:Heart - serves as pump that establishes the pressure gradient needed for blood to flow to tissuesBlood - transport medium within which materials being transported are dissolved or suspendedBlood vessels - passageways through which blood is distributed from heart to all parts of body and back to heart

Functions Of Blood Vessels

Arteries - carry blood away from heart Arterioles - small arteries that deliver blood to capillariesCapillaries thin walled vessels allow for exchange between blood and tissue cells Venules - collect and drain blood into veinsVeins - return blood to heart

Structural DifferencesArteries have thicker tunica media and narrower lumensVeins have thicker tunica externaArteries have more elastic and collagen fibersVeins have larger lumens and valves

Types Of ArteriesElastic arteries the largest arteries Diameters range from 2.5 cm to 1 cmIncludes the aorta and its major branchesSometimes called conducting arteriesHigh elastin content dampens surge of blood pressure

Types Of ArteriesMuscular (distributing) arteriesLie distal to elastic arteriesDiameters range from 1 cm to 0.3 mmIncludes most named arteriesTunica media is thickUnique features Internal and external elastic laminae

Types Of ArteriesArteriolesSmallest arteriesDiameters range from 0.3 mm to 10 m Larger arterioles possess all three tunicsDiameter of arterioles controlled by:Local factors in the tissuesSympathetic nervous system

CapillariesSite-specific functions of capillariesLungs oxygen enters blood, carbon dioxide leavesSmall intestines receive digested nutrientsEndocrine glands pick up hormonesKidneys removal of nitrogenous wastesTendons and ligaments poorly vascularizedEpithelia and cartilage avascular, receive nutrients from nearby CT

Pulmonary CirculationConsists of blood vessels that take the blood to and from the lungs for the purpose of gas exchangePulmonary Trunk: oxygen-poor blood leaves the right ventricle via the pulmonary trunk; large artery that branches to left and right pulmonary arteriesPulmonary Arteries : take the blood to the lung where oxygen is picked up and CO2 is left off Pulmonary Veins: blood returns to the heart via four pulmonary veins that go to the left atrium

Systemic CirculationConsists of blood vessels that extend to and from the heart delivers oxygen and nutrients to body tissues picks up CO2 and waste products

Sirkulasi SistemikSirkulasi portal hepatikSirkulasi PulmonerSirkulasi Fetal

ARTERI SUBCLAVIAARTERI ILIACA EXTERNA

Aorta ascenden

Kepala dan Otak --Arteri

Kepala dan Otak --Vena

Lanjutan aorta ascendensJalannya menurun, berakhir pada discus invertebralis antara vertebra 4-5, menjadi aorta thoracicusPanjang 4-5 cmTiga cabang utama: truncus brachiocephalicus, carotid communis kiri, dan subclavia kiriA.Subclavia kiri merupakan cabang ketiga , distribusi darah ke a. vertebral kiri dan pembuluh darah ekstremitas superiorCabang a. Subclavia kiri dan kanan memiliki penamaan yang sama

Ekstremitas Superior

Ekstremitas Superior- Vena

Aorta Thoracica

Aorta Abdominalis

Ekstremitas Inferior

Ekstremitas Inferior