Mar 29, 2016
s]m^. t‰m_n≥ Xntbm- n-temkv
hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬
Ah-Xm-cnI
Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-bm-Øns‚ P\-bn-Xmhpw hcm-∏pg
]pØ≥]≈n skan-\m-cn-bnse kpdn-bm-\n, eØo≥ `mj-I-fnse
s]m^kdpw Bbn-cp∂ hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚ 84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jn-
Ihpw At±-l-Øns‚ A\-¥n-c-h\pw hmg-°pfw sk‚ v tPm¿÷v tlmkv]n-‰-ens‚ ÿm]-
\-I-\p-amb m. tPmkv hen-b-ho- n¬]-d-ºnens‚ 60˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jn-Ihpw hmg-°pfw sk‚ v
tPm¿÷v s^mtdm\m tZhm-e-b-Øn¬ h®v 2013 s^_p-hcn 23 \v hen--bho- n¬]-d-ºn¬
IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fp-sSbpw hmg-°pfw CS-h-bp-sSbpw kwbp-‡m- n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ hn]p-e-ambn
BN-cn-°p-I-bm-W-t√m. AXn-t\m-S-\p-_-‘n®v Hcp kvac-WnI ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-hm≥ km[n-
®p F∂-Xn¬ hf-sc-tbsd kt¥m-j-ap-≠v. 1851 ¬ P\n-°p-Ibpw 1929 ¬ I¿Øm-hn¬
\nZ-]m-]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚ ]utcm-lnXy
kph¿Æ Pq_nen 1924 sabv 30 \v At±-l-Øns‚ amXr-C-S-h-I-bmb hmg-°p-fØv h®v
Xs∂ hn]p-e-ambn BN-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]kvXpX Pq_nen BtLm-j-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v
Hcp kvac-WnI A∂pw ]pd-Øn-d-°nbn-cp-∂p. ‘Zo]n-I’ , ‘ tIm´bw ]-Xn-I’ , ‘Zmk≥’,
‘A\-¥- m-cXn’ F∂o- h¿Ø-am-\-]-X-߃ Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚ Poh-N-cnXw, A]-Zm-\-
߃, Pq_n-en-bm-tLmjw apX-em-b-hsb A[n-I-cn®p hne-tb-dnb A`n-]mb ]I-S-\-
߃ \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. tIm´bw hn. Pn. ]n¬ \n∂pw ]pd-s∏- n-cp∂ ‘A\¥- m-cXn’
Hcp hnti-jm¬ ]Xn-Xs∂ Pq_nen kw_-‘n®p ]kn-±o-I-cn-®p. Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØp
\n∂p-]p-ds∏´ncp∂ ‘Zmk≥’ F∂ h¿Ø-am-\-]Xw At±-l-Øns‚ Poh-N-cnXw ]kn-
≤o-I-cn-®n- p-≠v.
“henbho- n¬ Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿ Poh-N-cnXw” F∂ KŸw 1948 ¬ Beph
am¿tXm-am-«olm ]n¬ \n∂pw A®-Sn-®p ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n- p-≈-Xm-Wv. ]km-[-I≥ ]n.
sP. B≥Uqkpw KŸ-I¿Ømhv hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬ butk∏v IØ-\mcpamWv.
]kvXpX Poh-N-cnX KŸ-Øn\p Ah-Xm-cnI Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv A∂v awK-e-∏pg skan-
\m-cn-bn¬ s]m -k-dm-bn-cp∂ ^m. amXyp hS-t°¬ BWv. ]kvXpX Ah-Xm-cn-Ibnse
Hcp `mK-amWv Ct∏mƒ Fs‚ Hm¿Ω-bn¬ hcp-∂-Xv.
“sh. _lp. Koh¿§ok®≥ hen-b-ho-´n¬ P\n-®v hen-b-t\-´ßtfmSp-IqSn henb
cq]-X-bpsS krjvSn ÿnXn-bn¬ ]s¶-SpØp henbh\mbn A¥-cn-®p. At±lw Hcp
henb aev]m\mbn-cp-∂p.” kmlnXyImc≥amcm-bn-cp∂ m. _¿Wm¿Zv, sF.-kn. Nmt°m,
Fw.H. tPmk v s\Spw-Ip∂w F∂n-h¿ Xß-fpsS IrXn-I-fn¬ Fd-Wm-Ipfw cq]Xm ÿm]n-
\-sØ-°p-dn®pw hen-b-ho- n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m-s\-°p-dn®pw ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n- p-≠v. -]-
kvXpX Poh-N-cn-X-Øn¬ \n∂p≈ Nne AXn-]-[m\ A≤ym-b-ß-fpw Cu kvaWn-I-bn¬
Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. Bb-Xn-\m¬ tIcf ItØm-en°m k -bpsS hcpw Xe-ap-d-Iƒ°v
B henb aev]ms‚ Hm¿Ω-Iƒ ]I¿∂p \¬Ip-hm≥ Cu kvac-WnI Hcp klm-bn-
bmhpw F∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. Cu kwcw- -Øn\pw A\p-kva-cW ktΩf-\-Øn\pw \n¿tem-
-amb klm-b-k-l-I-c-W-߃ \¬In-b-h¿ \nc-h-[n-bm-Wv. Fd-Wm-Ipfw cq]X ]kn-
≤o-I-c-W-amb ‘kXy-Zo-]-’Øns‚ Akn. Ub-d-IvS¿ dh. ^m. tPmkv sImfp-Øp-sh-≈n¬,
hmg-°pfw sk‚ v tPm¿÷v s^mtdm\ ]≈n hnImcn dh. ^m. t]mƒ s\SpºpdØv (dn- .
]n≥kn-∏mƒ, \yqam≥ tImtfPv, sXmSp-]p-g) F∂n-h-cpsS klm-b-k-l-I-c-W-߃ \µn-
tbmsS kvacn-°p-∂p. Cu kvac-Wn-I-bn-te°v Biw-k-k-tµ-i-߃ \¬Inb A`n-hµy
]nXm-°-∑m¿, a¥n-am¿, sshZoI tijvT¿, kntÃgvkv XpS-ßn-b-h¿°pw ]tXyIw \µn
]Im-in-∏n-®p-sIm-≠v.......
s]m^. t‰m_n≥ Xotbm- n-temkv
+ I¿±n-\mƒ am¿ tPm¿÷v Be-t©cn
taP¿ B¿®v _nj-]v, Fd-Wm-Ip-fw- -A-¶-amen
Biwk
hcm-∏pg ]pØ≥]≈n skan-\m-cn-bnse s^m -k-dmbpw ]n∂oSv hmg-°p-
fw, \mI-∏p-g, ssae-s°m-ºv, Bc-°pg F∂o ]apJ CS-h-I-I-fpsS hnIm-cn-
bmbpw hnZym-e-b-ß-fpsS amt\-P-cmbpw k`m-cw-KØpw kmaq-ly-X-e-Ønepw
hnP-b-I-c-ambn k]cy ]q¿Øn-bm-°nb hen-b-ho- n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv a¬∏m-
\-®s‚ Nc-a-hm¿jnIw hmg-°p-fØv h®v BN-cn-°p∂p F∂-Xn¬ kt¥m-jn-
°p-∂p. ]q¿∆n-I-cpsS kvacW ]pXp-°p-∂Xv hcpw Xe-ap-dbv°v am¿§-Z¿i-I-
amIpw F∂p-≈-Xp-sIm≠v AXn\p ap≥ssI FSpØ IpSpw-_-°m-tcbpw
]tXyIw AXn\p t\XrXzw \¬Ip∂ sPbnwkv Sn. amfn-tb-°-en-s\bpw
A`n-\-µn-°p-∂p.
ssZhw \nßsf A\p-K-ln-°-s´.
+ I¿±n-\mƒ am¿ tPm¿÷v Be-t©cn
taP¿ BN¿®v _nj-]v, Fd-Wm-Ip-fw- -A-¶-amen
am¿ tPm¿÷v aT-Øn°≠-Øn¬
tImX-aw-Kew saXm≥
Biwk
Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-bm-Øns‚ P\-bn-Xmhv hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬
Koh§okv aev]m≥ ssZh-a-l-Xz-Øn\pw ssZh-P-\-Øn\pw th≠n PohnXw
ka¿∏n® hy‡n-bm-Wv. AXn-]p-cm-X-\-amb hen-b-ho- n¬]-d-ºn¬ IpSpw-_-
Øn¬ P\n® At±lw Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ kmln-Xy-Im-c≥, hn-⁄m-\-]-Z-amb
]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS cN-bn-Xmhv F∂n-ßs\ hnhn[ Xe-ß-fn¬ hy‡n-apZ ]Xn-
∏nN-®n-- p≈ hy‡n-bm-Wv. Ct±-lØns‚ 84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jn-Ihpw A\p-kva-
cW ktΩ-f-\hpw hmg-°pfw sk‚v tPm¿÷v s^mtdm\ ssZhm-e-b-Øn¬
h®v kap-Nn-X-ambn BN-cn-°p-∂psh∂v Adn-™-Xn¬ hf-sc-tbsd kt¥m-
jn-°p-∂p. hcp-X-e-ap-d-I-fn¬ A®s‚ kPo-h-kva-cW F∂pw \ne-\n¬°p-∂-
Xn-\mbn Hcp kva-c-WnI ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-hm≥ ap≥ssI-sb-SpØ hen-b-h-
´n¬]-d-ºn¬ IpSpw-_mw-K-ßsf ]tXyIw A`n-\-µn-°p-∂p. kvac-Wn-I°v F-
√m-hn[ Biw-k-Ifpw t\cp-∂p.
ssZhw F√m-h-cp-sSbpw kar-≤ambn A\p-K-ln-°-s´...
F∂v
am¿ tPm¿÷v aT-Øn-°-≠-Øn¬
tImX-aw-Kew saXm≥
am¿ tPm¿÷v ]p∂-t°m-´n¬
ap≥ tImX-aw-Kew cq]--Xm-≤y-£≥
Biwk
hen-b-ho- n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚ 84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jnIw 2013
s^_p-hcn 23 \v hmg-°pfw sk‚v tPm¿÷v s^mtdm\ tZhm-e-b-Øn¬ h®v
hn]p-e-ambn BN-cn-°p∂p F∂-dn-bp-∂-Xn¬ Gsd kt¥m-j-ap-≠v. 1874 apX¬
1929 hsc-bp≈ 55 h¿j-°mew sshZnI\mbn Pohn®v Ncn-X-sa-gpXn IS-∂p-
t]mb hy‡n-bmWv At±-lw. Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ _lp- mjm ]WvUn-X-\pw, aev]m-
\p-am-bn-cp∂ Ct±lw skan-\m-cn-bnse A≤ym-]-I-\m-bn- mWv ]utcm-ln-Xy-
Po-hn-X-Øns‚ BZy 16 h¿j-߃ Nne-h-gn-®-Xv. AXn-\p-ti-j-ap≈ Ime-b-f-hn-
emWv C∂sØ tImX-aw-Kew cq]-X-bnse hmg-°pfw ]tZ-isØ CSh-I-I-
fp-ambn KmV-amb _‘w ]pe¿Øp∂Xn\v CS-bm-Ip-∂-Xv. Bc-°p-g, ssae-
s°m-ºv, \mI-∏pg, hmg-°pfw F∂o ]pcm-X\ CS-h-I-I-fn¬ hnIm-cn-bmbn
kvXpXz¿l-amb tkh\w ImgvN-h-bv°p-hm≥ At±-l-Øn\v km[n®p F∂
Imcyw kt¥m-j-tØmsS Hm¿°p-I-bm-Wv.
hmg-°pfw ]tZ-isØ P\-ß-fpsS \m\m-ap-J-amb hf¿®°pw
Db¿®°pw th≠n AXy-≤zm\w sNbvX anI® Hc-P-]m-e-I-\m-bn- mWv At±-
lsØ Rm≥ A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Xs‚ Adn-hpw, kº-Øpw, ]mWvUn-Xyhpw
I¿Ω-Ip-i-e-Xbpw P\-\-∑bv-°mbn At±lw ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Sp-Øn. skan-\m-
cn-°msc ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn kº-Øns‚ Hcp mKw \o°n-h-®p. ssZh-kvt\-
lhpw ktlm-Z-c-kvt\-lhpw anj-\dn XojvW-Xbpw HØn-W-ßnb Hcp k`m-
kvt\-ln-bm-bn-cp∂p Koh¿§okv A®≥ F∂Xv \ap°v A`n-am-\-tØmsS
Hm¿°mw. A®-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ Zo]vX-amb kvac-W-Iƒ F∂pw \ne-\n¬°p-∂-
Xn\v Cu kph\nb¿ klm-b-I-am-Is´. CXn\v ]n∂n¬ ]h¿Øn® Gh-scbpw
A`n-\-µn-°p-∂p. hen-b-ho- n¬]d-ºn¬ IpSpw-_mw-K-߃°v ]tXyIw Biw-
k-Iƒ t\cp-∂p. ssZhw F√m-h-scbpw kar-≤-ambn A\p-K-ln-°-s´.
kvt\l]q¿∆w,
am¿ tPm¿÷v ]p∂-t°m- n¬
ap≥ tImX-aw-Kew cq]--Xm-≤y-£≥
DΩ≥Nm≠n
apJy-a-¥n, tIcfw
Biwk
Fd-Wm-Ipfw cq]-X-bpsS ÿm]-I-t\-Xmhv Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚ 84˛mw
Nc-a-hm¿jn-I-tØmSv A\p-_-‘n®v Hcp kvac-WnI ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂p F∂-
dn-™-Xn¬ kt¥m-jw.
Fd-Wm-Ipfw cq]-X-bpsS Ncn-X-Øn-te°v shfn®w hoip-∂Xpw
Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚ tkh-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]pXp-X-e-ap-dsb t_m[-h-XvI-cn-
°p-∂-Xp-amIpw kvac-WnI F∂v ]Xo-£n-°p-∂p.
F√m Biw-k-I-fpw t\cp-∂p.
F∂v
DΩ≥Nm≠n
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
16.01.2013
sI. Fw. amWn
[\-Im-cy-a-¥n, tI-cfw
Biwk
Fd-Wm-Ipfw cq]-X-bpsS ÿm]-I-t\-Xmhv Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚
84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jn-I-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v Hcp kvac-WnI ]pd-Øn-d-°p-I-bm-
sW-∂-dn-™-Xn¬ kt¥m-jw. amXr-Im-]-c-amb kwcw- -Øn\v Biw-k-Iƒ
t\cp-∂p.
F∂v
sI. Fw. amWn
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
10.12.2012
]n. sP. tPmk^v
Pe-hn- h hIp-∏v a¥n, tIcfw
Biwk
Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-bm-Øns‚ P\-bn-Xmhv hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬
Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚ 84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jn-I-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂
kph-\o-dn\v F√m-hn[ Biw-k-Ifpw t\cp-∂p.
_lp- mjm ]WvUn-X-\mb aev]m≥ k`bv°pw kaq-l-Øn\pw \¬Inbn-
´p≈ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ it≤-b-am-Wv. ]pXp Xe-ap-dbv°v Ct±-l-sØ-°p-dn®v IqSp-
X¬ Adn-bphm≥ kph-\o¿ D]-I-cn°pw F∂-Xn¬ kwi-b-an-√. ]kvXpX kwcw-
-Øn\v F√m-hn[ Biw-k-Ifpw t\cp-∂p.
]n. sP. tPmk^v
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
16.01.2013
hn. Fkv. ANyp-Xm-\-µ≥
]Xn-]-£-t\-Xmhv, tIcfw
Biwk
ItØm-en°m k -bpsS Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-bm-Øns‚ ÿm]-I\pw
kpdn-bm\n ]Wv-Un-X-\p-am-bn-cp∂ Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚ 84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jn-I-
tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v Hcp kvac-WnI ]kn≤o-Icn°p∂psh-∂-dn-bp-∂-Xn¬
kt¥mjn°p-∂p. k`m Ncn-Xhpw \mƒh-gn-bnse ][m\ kw -h-ßfpw Dƒs∏-
Sp-∂-XmIpw Cu kvac-WnI F∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂p.
Cu kwcw- -Øn\v F√m hnP-bhpw Biw-kn-°p-∂p.
kvt\l-]q¿∆w,
hn. Fkv. ANyp-Xm-\-µ≥
Xncp-h-\-¥-]pcw
17--.01.2013
s^_p-hcn 201311
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ IØ\m¿am¿°vhmg-°pfw CS-h-I-bpsS ]Wmaw
dh. ^m. t]mƒ s\Sp-ºp-dØv(dn´. ]n≥kn-∏mƒ \yqam≥ tImtfPv sXmSp-]pg)
hnImcn, hmg-°pfw s^mtdm\ ]≈n
hmg-°pfw CS-h-I-
bpsS A`n-am-\-`m-P-\-amb
hen-b-ho- n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§o
kv aev]ms‚ 84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿
jnIhpw At±-l-Øns‚ A\-
¥n-c-h≥ hen-b-ho- n¬]-d-ºn¬
butk∏v IØ-\m-cpsS 60˛mw
Nc-a-hm¿jn-Ihpw 2013 s^_p-
hcn 23˛mw XobXn hn]p-e-amb
NS-ßp-I-tfmsS hmg-°pfw
sk‚v tPm¿÷v s^mtdm\
]≈n-bn¬ h®v BtLm-jn-°p-
I-bm-W-t√m. AtXm-S-\p-_-
‘n®v B alm-\p-`m-h-∑m-sc-
°p-dn®v Hcp kvac-WnI ]k-
≤o-I-cn-°pI kap-Nn-X-am-Wv.
k`bv°pw kaq-l-Øn\pw B
sshZo-I-ti-jvT¿ \¬In-bn-
´p≈ kw`m-h-\-Iƒ C∂sØ
Xe-ap-d-bv°p-Xs∂ A⁄m-X-
am-bn-cn-s°, hcpw-X-e-ap-d-Iƒ
IqSn Ahsc ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-
Øp-∂-Xn\pw Ah-cn¬\n∂v
]tNm-Z\w kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn
\pw AXphgn-sbm-cp-°pw.
tIc-f-k-`m-N-cn-X-Øn
se D÷zeamb hen-b-ho- n¬]-
d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿
1851 Pqsse 17˛\v hmg-°p-f-
Øv P\n-®p. tIc-fØnse
BZysØ hyh-ÿm-]nX ssh
ZoI ]cn-io-e-\-tIµw F∂p
hnti-jn-∏n-°m-hp∂ ]pØ≥
]≈n skan-\m-cn-bnse BZy-hn-
Zym¿∞n-bmbn Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂
At±lw 1874 sabv 30˛\v X
s‚ 23˛masØ hb-n¬
]utcmlnXyw kzoI-cn -®p.
AXn-\p-ap-ºp-Xs∂ skan-\m-
cn-bn¬ A≤ym-]-I-hrØn°v \n
tbm-Kn-°-s∏´ At±-l-Øns‚
]mWvUn-XysØ Ipdn®v ]-
tXyIw ]cm-a¿in-t°-≠-Xn-√.
_lp-`mj ]WvUn-X-\m-bn-
cp∂ At±lw kpdn-bm-\nbpw
eØo-\p-amWv ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-∂-Xv.
ae-bm-f-Øn\pw Cw•o-jn\pw
]pdsa kwkvIr-Xhpw Xangpw
C‰m-en-b≥ `mjbpw At±-l-
Øn\v hi-am-bn-cp-∂p. sshZo-
I-cpsS D]-tbm-K-Øn-\mbn
“FwIn-cn-Zn-tbm≥” F∂ kpdn-
bm\n KŸhpw Hcp kpdn-bm
\n \nL≠phpw cNn-®n-´p≈
At±lw At\Iw teJ\ß
fpw “Aev]≥” F∂ XqenIm
\ma-Øn¬ B\p-Im-enI ]kn-
≤o-I-c-W-ß-fn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-
®n-cp-∂p. ‘C·m-kn-tbm-kns‚
[ym\w” “ amem-J-bv°-SpØ
]pWyw” F∂o ]pkvX-I-ß-fp
sS ]km-[-I-\mbpw At±lw
]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≠v.
]Xn -t\ -gp -h¿jsØ
]pØ≥]≈n skan-\m-cn-bnse
A≤ym-]-\-Øn-\p-tijw 1890
apX¬ hmg-°pfw I¿Ωe
skan-\m-cn-bn¬ Xma-kn-®p-
sIm≠v C∂sØ Fd-Wm-Ip
fw AXn-cq-]-X-bpsS apt∂m-
Snbmb Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-
bm-Øns‚ ÿm]-\-Øn-\p-th-
≠n -bp≈ Xoh-i-a -ß-fn¬
G¿s∏-´p. C°m-e-b-f -hn¬
hmg-°p-fØv BZy-ambn Hcp
Cw•ojv kvIqƒ ÿm]n®v
A≤ym-]-I-hrØn XpS¿∂p.
At±-l-Øn-s‚bpw kl-ssh-
Zo-I-cp-sSbpw \nc-¥-c-]-cn-i-a-
Øns‚ ^e-ambn 1896 ¬ Fd-
Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-bmØv ÿm
]n-°-s∏- p. A°mew apX¬ 29
h¿j-tØmfw ssae-s°m-ºv,
Bc-°p-g, \mI-∏p-g, hmg-
BapJw
s^_p-hcn 201312
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
°pfw F∂o tZhm-e-b-ß-fn¬
hnIm-cn -bmbn AP-]m-e -I-
hrØn \n¿∆-ln-®p. 1917 apX¬
1923 hsc Bdv h¿j-tØm-f-
amWv At±lw kz¥w CS-h-
I-bmb hmg-°p-gØv hnIm-cn-
bmbn kvXpXy¿l-amb tkh
\w A\p-jvTn-®-Xv.
]≈n-bpsS B`n-ap-Jy-
Øn¬ Nn´n Bcw- n®v CS-h-I-
bpsS `mhn-]-h¿Ø-\-߃°v
Bh-iy-amb aqe-[-\-k-am-l-
cWw \S-Øp-∂-Xn\v At±lw
t\XrXzw \¬In. C∂sØ
751˛mw \º¿ kl-I-c -W-
kwLw Bcw- n-°p-∂-Xn-s\-°p-
dn®v Btem-Nn-°p-∂Xn\v 1924
¬ ]≈n -ta -S -bn¬ IqSnb
tbmK-Øn¬ Koh¿§okv IØ-
\m¿ kw_-‘n-°p-Ibpw ]h¿
Ø-\-aq -e -[ -\ -Øn\v Xs‚
hnlnXw \¬Ip-Ibpw sNbv
Xn-´p-≠v. Ab¬ CS-h-I-Iƒ
°pw IqSn amXr-I-bm-°m-hp∂
]cn-jv°m-c-ß-fmWv At±lw
A∂v hmg-°p-fØv \S-∏n-em-
°n-b-Xv.
HutZym-Kn-I-amb AP-
]m-e-\-]-h¿Ø-\-Øn¬ \n
∂pw hnc-an® At±-l-Øns‚
]utcm-ln-Xy-kp-h¿Æ-Pq-_nen
1924 sabv amk-Øn¬ kvac-
Wn-I-]-km-[\w Dƒs∏-sS-
bp≈ NS-ßp-I-tfm-Sp -IqSn
BtLm-jn -°p -Ibp -≠m-bn.
hmg-°pfw ]≈n-bn¬ hni-a-Po-
hn-Xw \bn-®p h∂ At±lw
1929 P\pcn 19˛mw XobXn Znhw-
KX-\mbn. At±-l-Øns‚
`uXo-I-i-cocw hmg-°pfw ]≈n-
bn¬ A¥y-\n-Z-sIm-≈p-∂p.
C∂v At±-l-Øns‚
]mh-\-kva-cW hmg-°pfw CS-
h-I-bnepw s]mXp-k-aq-l-Øn
epw Zo]vX-ambn \ne-sIm-≈p-
∂Xv At±-l-Øns‚ ]n≥Xp
S¿®m-h-Im-in-sb∂p hnti-jn-
∏n-°m-hp∂ hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-
ºn¬ tPmkv A®s‚ Zo¿L-
ho-£-W-Øn-s‚bpw XymK-_p-
≤n-bp-sSbpw ^e-am-bn-´msW
∂v ]d-bmw. Koh¿§okv IØ-
\m-cpsSbpw Xs‚bpw IpSpw-
_-kz-Øns‚ hnln-Xw hn¬∏-
X-]-Imcw hmg-°p-fØv Hcp
Bip-]Xn ÿm]n®p \S-Øp-
∂-Xn-\p-th≠n \o°n-h-®Xv _.
tPmkv A®-\m-Wv. A]-Imcw
e`n® 7500 cq]-bmWv 1955 ¬
Bip-]Xn \n¿Ωm-W-Øn\v
ASn-ÿm\ aqe-[-\-ambn D]-
I-cn-®-Xv. IqSmsX I√p-¶¬ _.
eq° A®≥ kw`m-h\sNbvX
1200 cq]bpw BsIm-√sØ
InkvXp-akv Itcmƒ C\-Øn
¬ e`n® 1900 cq]bpw amX-am-
Wv Bip-]Xn Bcw-`n -°p-
tºmƒ aqe-[-\-ambn D≠mbn
cp∂-Xv. hmg-°pfw Bip-]-Xn-
bpw CS-h-I-k-aq-lhpw A`n-h-
µy-cmb hen-b-ho-´n¬]dºn¬
Koh¿§okv IØ-\m-tcmSpw
tPmkv A®-t\mSpw AXy-[n
Iw IS-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂p. IrX-⁄-
Xm-\n¿ -c-amb lrZ-b-ß-tfm-sS-
bmWv CS-hI P\-߃ Cu
tijvT-ssh-Zn-I-cpsS A\p-
kva-c-W-®-S-ßp-I-fn¬ kw_-
‘n-°p-∂-Xv.
60˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jnIw
BN-cn-°-s∏-Sp∂ dh. ^m.
tPmkv hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬
`qPm-X-\m-b-Xv 1884˛emWv.
1914˛¬ At±lw sshZo-I-]´w
kzoI-cn-®p. tdmanse Du¿_≥
tImtf-Pn¬ D]-cn-]-T\w \S-
Øn-bn- p≈ At±lw Imc-°p-
∂w, aqhm-‰p-]p-g, Bb-h-\,
Ieq¿, Icn-a-Æq¿, hcm-∏p-g,
]pØ≥]-≈n, aqgn -°p -fw,
Nmen, s]cn-ß-g, s\Sn-b-Im-Sv,
tImSn-°pfw ]≈n-I-fn¬ ]u
tcmln-Xy-ip-iqj sNbvXn-´p-
≠v. 1952 Unkw-_¿ 18 \v \n-
cym -X-\mb At±-l-Øns‚
`uXo-Im-h-in-jvS-߃ hmg-
°pfw ]-≈n-bn¬Øs∂bm
Wv AS°w sNbvXncn°p∂-Xv.
hmg-°pfw CS-h-I-bp
sS hnizm-k-]m-c-º-cy-Øn¬
]¶m-fn-Ifpw AXns‚ t]mj-
I-\p-amb hen-b-ho -´n¬]-d-
ºn¬ Koh¿§okv IØ-\m-cp-
sSbpw tPmkv A®-s‚bpw
al-\ob hy‡n-Xz-߃°p-ap-
∂n¬ hmg-°pfw CS-h-Imw-K-
߃ HØp-tN¿∂v ]Wmaw
A¿∏n-°p-∂p.
v
s^_p-hcn 201313
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
Most information on Thomas the
Apostle is found in John’s Gospel.Thomas
was undoubtedly a loyal and devoted
follower of his Master: When Jesus knew
about the death of Lazarus, he then wanted
inmmediately to go to Bethany. His disciples
then, for fear of his enemies who wanted to
kill Jesus, dissuaded him from going through
Judea. Thomas was ‘singular’ to go “and
die with him” (Jn 11.7-16).
Again, when his fellow disciples
told Thomas, “we have see the Lord”
thomas adamantly “refused to believe”.
Then after, when Jesus himself again stood
in front of them all, identifying Himself to
Thomas, Thomas exclaimed, “My Lord
and my God!” (Jn 20.24-28)
In much later Christian tradition
and legend, Thomas is said to have brought
the good news to Persia, even venturing
farther east to India. According to the
recently discovered apocryphal Gospel of
St. Thomas, the “Christians of St.
Thomas” along the Malabar coast of India
claim him as the apostolic founder of their
Church. Tradition also holds that in the fourth
century a certian Thomas Cana and a
number of families from Mesopotamia
settled in Malabar.
The descendants of Thomas
Cana (Southists) and thomas Christians
(Northists) were to- gether known as
St. Thomas of Malabar until the historic
Synod of Diamber in June 1959. Their litur-
gical language was Aramaic Syriac. They
were then administrared by the “Metropoli-
tans of all India” who were ordained by
the Syro-Oriental Patriarch of Mesopotamia.
After arrival of Portuguese and
their missionaries, the St. Thomas Chris-
tians were places under the administration
of Latin Bishops. Those St. Thomas
Chritians who accepted the ‘Latin-Adminis-
tration’ at the famous “Coonan Cross Dec-
laration” at Mattancherry in January 1963
became known as the “Pahayakuttukar”
(old party); and those who rejected the
ruling of latin Bishop became known as
“Puthankuttukar” (new party). The
“Pazhaya kuttukar” who then remained
in communion with Rome was
constituted as the “Syro-Malabar Church”
The “Puthankuttu kar” however later
accepted the ruling of Jacobite from Persia
in 1965.
Rev. Prof. Ghee-Varghese Valia-
veettilparambil, the founder of Ernakulam
Vicariath, after his ordination to the priest-
hood 1n 1874, wanted to be loyal and
devoted like St. Thomas to his ‘Master-
Church’ of rome - being himself a priest
in service of both the Latin Church and
of the Syro-Malabar Church of Rome.
He noticed large number of families between
Muvattupuzha and Angamaly faithful to
Rome without an administrative Centre. He
organized some fifty parishes with their
priests and parish representatives, and
united with them began their efforts to have a
vicariate/diocesan centre established by
rome for this faithful of the parishes lying
between Muvattupuzha and Angamali.
Throgh his representing leadership, they
started to appeal for the purpose to the Popes
and Sacred Congregation of Propagation of
Faith.
In 1887, Pope Leo XIII created
for Syro-Malabar Faithful the first Vicariates
of Kottayam and Trichur, but the Vicars
Apostolic appointed for them were of the
Latin Rite. Rev. Ghee-Varghese and his fifty
priests and Representatives made again
many appeals to the Holy Father, Propa-
ganda Fide and the Papal Nuncio for estab-
lishing a diocesan Centre for the faithful
communities lying in between Kottayam and
Trichur.
At last in 1986, the two Vicariates
of Kottayam and Trichur were reorganized
into three Vicariates of Thrichur, Ernakulam
and Changanassery for the Syro-Manabar
Church, having the Vicars Apostolic of its
own rite. And, in 1911 the Vicariate of
Kottayam was re-created for the ‘Suddists’
of the Syro-Malabar Rite, the descendants
of the emigrants in 345 A.D. from Edessa
(Syria) of Thomas Cana. Prof. Ghee-
Varghese Kathanar had been immensely
happy about the result. All the more
improtantly, in spite of all the efforts they to-
gether made throgh his leadership, on De-
cember 24, 1923 Pope Pius XI established
the Syro-Malabar Hierarchy in India with
Ernakulam as the Metropolitian See and
Changana-cherry and Trichur as its
suffr-agans. (Kottayam was also raised later
to the status of a diocese.)
Having been jubilant over the
historically memorable results of his efforts
for the Syro-Malabar Church, Having
celebrated his Sacerdotal Golden Jubilee
and continued to live five more years the
happy memories of his life-time efforts, our
Ghee-Varghese Kathanar of Valiyavee-
ttilparambil House was invited on June 19,
1929 for his ‘eternal reward’ for Good!.
v
ST. Thomas Christians of Malabar And
Prof. Ghee- Varghese Valiaveettilparambil Kathanar
Rev. Dr. Joseph Kannath,Founder Director of P.O.C
s^_p-hcn 201314
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ A®-t\mSvam≤yÿw At]-£n-°p-I...
ae-bmf kpdn-bm\n I
tØm-en-°m-k-`-bn¬ Akm-
[m-c-W-amb ssZh-Ir] e`n®
Hcp sshZoI ]ap-J-\m-bn-
cp∂p hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬
Koh¿§okv aev]m≥. aqhm-‰p-
]pg Xmeq-°nse hmg-°pfw
CS-h-I-bn¬ ]kn-≤-amb hen-
b-ho -´n¬]d-ºn¬ IpSpw-_-
Øn¬ 1851 Pqsse 17˛\v A
t±lw P\n-®p. ]mY-anI hnZym-
`ymkw Ign™v hmg-°pfw
I¿Ωe sImth-¥-tbmSp tN
¿∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂ ssa\¿ sk
an-\m-cn-bn¬ tN¿∂v ]Tn-®p. 3
h¿jsØ ]T\w Ign™v 1866-
˛¬ hcm-∏pg ]pØ≥]≈n
taP¿ skan-\m-cn-bn¬ tN¿∂v
XXz-im-kvXhpw ssZh-im-
kvXhpw ]Tn®v ]q¿Øn-bm-
°n. 1874 sabv 30˛\v Xs‚
23˛mw asØ hb-n¬ ]utcm
lnXyw kzoI-cn-®p. ]pØ≥
]≈n skan-\m-cn, hcm-∏pg
saXm-\-®s‚ A[n-Im-c-ko-a-
bn¬s∏´ eØo≥, kpdn-bm-\n,
doØp-Iƒ°v s]mXp -hmb
taP¿ skan-\mcn Bbn-cp-∂p.
Cu skan-\m-cn-bn¬ ]Tn-®n-
cp∂ hcn-e-[n-Ihpw ]WvUn-X-
cmb hntZ-i-˛-I¿Ω-eoØm H.
kn.--Un. sshZo-I-cm-bn-cp-∂p.
]pØ≥ ]≈n skan-\m-cn-bn
se ]T-\-Im-eØv Cw•o-jv,
eØo≥, kpdn -bm\n `mj-
Iƒ°v ]pdsa Xangv, kwkv
IrXw, C‰m-en-b≥ apX-emb
`mj-I-fnepw Koh¿§o-k-®≥
]K-¤-\m-bn-cp-∂p. XXz-im-
kvXw, ssZh-imkvXw F∂o
imkvX-]-T-\-ßfn¬ ka¿∞-
\p-am -bn -cp -∂p. AX-dn™
saXm -\ -®≥ At±-lsØ
]pØ≥]-≈n skan-\m-cn-bnse
kpdn-bm\n aev]m-\mbn \nb-
an-®p. eØo≥ `mj-bn¬ A
t±lw ]Tn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. 1890
hsc GXm≠v 15 h¿j-Øn-e-
[nIw Koh¿§okv aev]m≥
]pØ≥]≈n skan-\m-cn-bn¬
s]m^-kdm--bn-cp-∂p. A°m-
eØv Hcp kpdn-bm\n \nLWv
Uphpw, sshZo-I-ip-iq-j-I-
fpsS Ia-]p-kvXI-amb “F≥
In-cn-Zn-tbm≥” F∂ ssI]p-kv
X-Ihpw a‰p ]e-K-Ÿ-ßfpw
At±lw cNn -®p. ]n∂oS v
]ptcm-ln-X-]´w sImSp-°p∂
“tdma≥ s]m¥n- n-°mƒ” F∂ ]pkvXIw eØo-\n¬ \n∂v
kpdn-bm\nbnte°v X¿ ÷na
sNøp-hm≥ At±lw klm-
bn-®n-´p-≠v. A∂sØ \km-
Wn- Zo]nIbnepw kXy-\mZw
hmcn-Ibnepw At±lw ]e
teJ-\-ßfpw Fgp-Xn-bn- p-≠v.
1653˛¬ a´m-t©-cn-bn¬
h®v t]m´p-Kokv `c-W-Øn-s\-
Xn-cmbn kpdn-bm\n k`mw-K-
߃ \S-Ønb “Iq\≥ Ipcn
ipkXysØ” XpS¿∂v kpdn-
bm\n k`bnse Hcp mKw B
fp-Iƒ At¥ymIym-bnse bm
t°m-_mb ]mXn-b¿°o-kns‚
t\XrXzw kzoI-cn®v bmt°m-
_mb k`-bmbn th¿s∏-´p-
t]m-bn. Cu ]nf¿∏ns‚ hnhcw
_‘-s∏-´-h¿ tdman¬ Adn
bn®-t∏mƒ 1659˛¬ tIcf
kpdn-bm\n ItØm-en-°m-k-
`sb sFIy-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw `cn-
°m\pw kpdn-bm-\n-Im¿°mbn
saXms\ hmgn-°m\p≈ A
[n-Im-c-tØmSpw IqsS, C‰-en-
°m-c-\pw, I¿Ω-eoØm (H.-kn.-
Un. ) k`mw -K -hpamb am¿
sk_-kvXym\n saXms\
^m. tPmk^v ]pt√m-]n-≈n¬ CMI
sk‚ v B‚-Wokv samWm-kvSn, Beph
s^_p-hcn 201315
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
am¿]m∏ tIc-f-Øn-te-°-b-®p.
A°mew apX¬ 1659 -˛1887
hsc hntZi I¿Ω-eoØm H.-
kn.-Un. saXm-∑m-cmWv tIcf
kpdn -bm\n ItØm-en°m
k`sbbpw eØo≥ k`-sb
bpw Hcp-an®v hcm-∏pg Bÿm-
\-am°n cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. B hntZ-
iobsaXm-∑m¿ eØo≥ doØp-
Imcpw ae-bmf `mj-bnepw
kpdn-bm\n Bcm-[-\m-\p-jvTm-
\-ß-fnepw th≠X ]cn-⁄m-
\-an -√m -Ø-h-cp -am -bn -cp -∂p.
X∑qew kpdn -bm-\n -Im¿°v
kztZ-in-sa-Xm-∑msc e`n-°p-
hm-\mbn tIc-f-Ønse ]K-¤-
cmb kpdn-bm\n sshZo-I¿
tdmam -knw -lm -k-\ -tØmSv
At]-£n-®p.
1875˛¬ A∂sØ (kn.-
Fw. -sF) I¿Ω-eoØm k`-
bnse ]tg-]-d-ºn¬ fqbnkv
(‰n. -H. -kn.Un) (kn. -Fw.sF)
A®s‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ am∂m
\w Bi-a-Ønse ]Øn-e-[nIw
kn.-Fw.-sF. sshZo-Icpw CS-
hI sshZoIcn¬ ]WvUn-
X\pw ][m-\n-bp-amb \n[o-cn-
°¬ amWn IØ-\mcpw Ipsd
CS-hI sshZo-Icpw am∂m-
\Øv ktΩ-fn®v \m´p-saXm
s\ e`n-°m-\mbn At]£
FgpXn tdman-te-°-b-®p. BZy-
sam∂pw adp-]Sn e`n-®n-√. ]n
t∂bpw ]e At]-£-Ifpw
ta¬∏-d™ sshZoI t\Xm
°fpw A\p-bm-bn-Ifpw tN¿
∂v, ]Xym-i-tbmsS ]m¿∞n-®p-
sIm≠v tdman -te -°-b -®p.
hnhcw hcm-∏pg saXm≥ Adn-
™-t∏mƒ AXns‚ t]cn¬
hcm-∏pg saXm-\n¬ \n∂v
iIm-c-hpw in£bpw l¿Pn-
°m-cmb kn.-Fw.-sF. A®-
∑mcpw cq]Xm sshZo-Icpw
G¬t°-≠-h-∂p. F¶nepw
ssZhw kpdn-bm\n sshZn-I-
cpsS At]£ ssIsIm-≠p.
1887 sabv 20 \v kpdn-bm\nIm
¿°mbn Xriq¿, tIm´bw F∂
c≠p cq]-X-Iƒ ÿm]n-®p-
sIm≠v 13˛mw setbm≥ am¿
]m∏ DØ-c-hn-´p. ]kvXpX
Xncp-sh-gpØp ]Imcw Xriq¿
cq]-X-bn¬ (hn-Im-cn-bm-Øn¬)
Cw•ojv hwi-P-\mb AtUm
ƒ^v saUv ent°m-´pw tIm´
bw hnIm-cn-bm-Øn¬ (cq-]-X-
bn¬) ^©pImc-\mb Nmƒ
kv ehn™v Fkv.sP. bpw
saXm-∑m-cmbn \nb-an-°-s∏- p.
]s£ kpdn-bm\n cq]-X-I-fp
sS saXm-∑m¿ eØo≥ doØn
¬ s] -hcpw hntZ-in-Ifpambn-
cp∂p F∂Xv ho≠pw kt¥m-
jvIp-d-hn\v Imc-W-am-bn. Cu
Ah-k-c-Øn-emWv ]pØ≥
]≈n taP¿ skan-\mcn kpdn-
bm\n A≤ym-]-I-\mb hen-b-
ho-´n¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥
ssZh-t]-c-W-bm¬ cwK]th-
i\w sNbvX-Xv.
“ \Spanw-I£n”kpdnbm\n ItØm-en-
°¿°v c≠v hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-
Iƒ (cq-]-X-Iƒ) am¿]m∏ ÿm
]n-®p. ]s£, H∂v hS°v Xriq-
cn-epw, c≠m-a-tØXv sX°v
tIm´-bØpw Bbn-cp-∂-t√m.
(A∂v ae-_m-dn¬ ItØm-en-
°¿ hnc-f-am-bn-cp-∂p) Cu
ÿnXn-bn¬ Xriq-cn\pw tIm -
b-Øn\pw \Sp-hn¬ kpdn-bm-
\n -°m¿ A[n-I-ap≈ ]gb
A¶-amenbntem, Fd-Wm-Ip-f-
tØm, AXp-a-s√-¶n¬ kpdn-
bm-\n-°m-cpsS Ing-°≥ tIµ-
amb aqhm-‰p-]pgbntem Hcp
\Sp-anw (cq-]-X) D≠m-tI-
≠Xv AXym-hiy -am -sW∂v
hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿
§okv aev]m≥ BK-ln-®p. A
Xn-\p-th≠n tdman-te°v A
t]-£-Iƒ Ab-°p-hm\pw a‰p
\S-]-Sn-Iƒ°pambn At±lw
ap≥ssI FSpØv Hcp kwLw
sshZo -I -tcbpw A¬amb
]am-Wn-I-sfbpw kwL-Sn-∏n-®p.
B kwL-Øns‚ t]cmW v
“\Sp-an-w-I£n”. Cu kwL-
Øn¬ A≥]tXmfw kpdn -
bm\n ItØm-en°m sshZo-
Icpw A¬amb t\Xm-°fpw
HØp-Iq -S n , hen -b -ho -´ n¬
Koh¿§okv aev]ms\ AXns‚
A≤y -£-\m -°n. hcm -∏pg
]pØ≥]≈n CS-hI ]pXp-
t»cn ]utemkv IØ-\msc
skI- -dn-bmbpw sXc-s™-Sp-
s^_p-hcn 201316
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
Øp. \Sp-anw cq]o-I-cn-°p-∂-
Xn-\pth≠n 48 sshZo-Icpw
H∏n´v At]-£-Iƒ tdmante°-
b-®p. Ah¿ Xoh-ambn ]m¿
∞n-®p. tIm´bw, Xriq¿ sa
Xm-∑m¿°v \Sp-anw D≠m-Ip-
∂-Xn\v AX XmXv]cyw C√m-
bn-cp-∂p. F¶nepw ssZh]cn-
]m-e-\-bm¬ 1896 Pqsse 28˛\v
`mKy-kva-c-Wm¿l-\mb 13˛mw
setbm≥ am¿]m∏ “Quare rei
Sacre” F∂ Xncp-sh-gp-Øp-h
gn ae-bmf kpdn-bm\n ItØm-
en-°m-k-`°v Xriq¿, Fd-Wm-
Ipfw, Nß-\m-t»cn F∂o aq
∂v hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-Iƒ (cq-]-X-
Iƒ) ÿm]n-®-Xmbn ]Jym-]n-
®p. Cu aq∂v cq]-X-bnepw
kztZ-in, ae-bm-fn, kpdn-bm\n
saXm-∑m-scbpw \nb-an-®p.
Xriq¿ cq]-Xbv°v am¿
tbml-∂m≥ ta\m-tNcn, Fd-
Wm-Ipfw cq]-Xbv°v am¿
fqbnkv ]tg-]-d-ºn¬ (kn.-Fw.-
sF), Nß\mt»cn am¿ aØm
bn am°o¬ F∂n-h-cmWv `mc
X kpdn-bm\n ItØm-en-°m-k-
`-bpsS BZy sØ kztZin
saXm-∑m¿.
1911 BKÃv 29˛\v hn.
]Ømw ]obqkv am¿]m∏
kpdn-bm\n ImtØm-en-°m-k- -
bnse sX°pw mK-°m¿°mbn
tIm´bw cq]X ÿm]n®v hµy
am°o¬ aØmbn saXms\
AXns‚ A≤y -£-\m -°n.
AtXm-sSm-∏w-Xs∂ I≠-Øn
¬ am¿ BK-kvXn-t\m-kns\
Fd-Wm-Ipfw cq]-X-bpsS
klmb saXm-\mbpw Ipcym-
f-t»cn am¿tXmΩm saXms\
Nß-\m-t»cn cq]-X-bpsS sa
Xm-\mbpw sXc-s™-Sp-Øp.
1919 Unkw-_¿ 9˛\v ]tg-]-d-
ºn¬ fqbnkv saXm≥ acn-®-
t∏mƒ I≠-Øn¬ am¿ BK-
kvXn-t\mkv saXm≥ Fd-Wm-
Ipfw cq]-X-bpsS saXm-\mbn
ÿm\-ta-‰p.
1923 Unkw-_¿ 21˛\v
]Xn-s\m∂mw ]obqkv am¿]m
∏ Fd-Wm-Ipfw AXn-cq-]-
Xmbpw Xriq¿, Nß-\m-t»-cn,
tIm´bw kma-¥-cq-]-X-I-fm
bpw ]Jym-]n-®p. I≠-Øn¬
am¿ BK-kvXn-t\m-kns\ Fd-
Wm-Ipfw AXn-cq-Xn-bpsS B
ZysØ saXm-t∏m-eo-Ø-bmbpw
]Jym-]n-®p-sIm≠v kpdn-bm\n
k`bv°v kz¥-amb `c-W-kw-
hn-[m\w lb-cm¿°n ÿm]n-®p.
CsX√mw I≠\p -hn®v ssZ-h-
Øn\v \µn ]d-bm≥ hen-b-ho-
´n¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m\pw k`
apgp-h\pw `mKy-ap-≠m-bn.
]pØ≥]≈n skan-\m-
cn-bn¬ \n∂v hnc-an-®-tijw
Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ Bc-°p-g,
\mI-∏p-g, ssae-s°mºv, hmg-
°pfw XpS-ßnb henb CS-h-
I-I-fn¬ tkh\a\p-jvTn-®p.
A°m-eØv ]e ]pXnb tZhm-
e-b-ßfpw ]≈n-tbmSv tN¿ ∂v
]≈n-°qS-ßfpw ÿm]n-°p-
hm≥ At±lw klm-bn-®p.
hmg-°pfw CS-h-I-bnse BZy
kvIqƒ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥
ÿm]n-®-Xm-sW-∂Xv FSp-Øp-
]-d-tb-≠-Xm-Wv. Xriq-cn\pw
tIm -b-Øn\pw \Sp-hn¬ \Sp-
an--amb Fd-Wm-Ipfw cq]X
ÿm]n-X-ambXp apX¬ “\Sp-
anwI£n-” bpsS t\Xmhpw
Fd-Wm-Ipfw cq]XbpsS Ing-
°≥ tZi-Øp-\n-∂p≈ aev]m
\pamb hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬
Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ Fd-Wm-Ip
fw AXn-cq-]-X-bpsS saXms‚
Btem-N-\m-k-an-Xn-bnse Aw
K-ambn \nb-an-X-\m-bn-cp-∂p.
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬
IpSpw-_-tbm-K-Øn¬ \n∂pw
ssZh-hnfn kzoI-cn®v skan-\m-
cn-bn¬ tNcp-∂-h-cpsS ]T\
sNe-hn-te°v th≠n At±-l-
Øn\v tijn-®n-cp∂ 5 G°¿
Ic `qanbpw 40 ]dbv°v \ne
hpw hn´p-sIm-Sp-Øp. hen-b-ho-
´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m-
\-®s‚ kvac-W-bv°mbn hmg-
°p-fØv CS-h-I-bn¬ ÿm]n--
X-am-bn-cn-°p∂ sk‚v tPm¿
÷v tlmkv]n-‰-ens‚ \n¿Ωm-
W-Øn-te°v th≠n At±-l-
Øns‚ tPyjvTs‚ aI≥ dh.
^m. tPmkv hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-
ºn¬ (1884˛1952) At±-l-
Øns‚ IpSpw-_-kz-Øns‚
hnlnXw hn¬]-X- ]-Imcw
7500 cq] aqe-[-\-ambn \¬In-
bn-´p-≠v.
tijw 22˛mw t]Pn¬
s^_p-hcn 201317
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
kvt\lm-Z-c-thmsSA`n-am-\-tØm-sS....
]n. kn. tPmk^v (Ex. MLA)sNb¿am≥, tIcfm ^oUvkv
tIcf ItØm-en-°m-k-
`-bnse Akm-[m-c-Wamw hn
[w ssZhn-Im-\p-Klw kn≤n®
Hcp sshZnI tijvT-\m-bn-
cp∂p hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬
Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿. At±-l-
Øns‚ 84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jnIw
2013 s^_p-hcn 23˛\v hmg-
°pfw sk‚v tPm¿÷v s^m
tdm\ tZhm-e-b-Øn¬ h®v \S-
Ø-s∏-Sp∂Xnepw AXn-t\m-S-
\p-_-‘n®v ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂
Cu kvac -Wn -I -bn¬°qSn
At±-lsØ kvacn-°p-hm≥
Hcp Ah-kcw e`n-®-Xnepw
At±-l-Øns‚ ktlm-Z-cn -
bpsS s]m. ]uX≥ F∂ \ne-
bn¬ Rm≥ hfscb[nIw
kt¥m-jn-°p-Ibpw AXn-ep-
]cn A`n-am\w sIm≈p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p.
Fs‚ AΩ, mcX k`
apgp-h≥ A`n-am-\-tØmsS
kva-cn-°p∂ tIc-fob kaq-l-
Øn¬ ]e-Xn\pw Bcw`w
Ipdn®v Ime-Øn\v aptº \S
∂ \oßnb \n[o-cn-°¬ amWn
IØ-\m-cpsS ktlm-Z-cs‚
sIm®p-a-I-fm-Wv. AXp-t]mse
Xs∂ Fs‚ ]nXmhpw tIc-
fob k -bpsS NcnX \n¿Ωm-
W-Øn\v henb kw`m-h\
sNbvX hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬
Koh¿§okv a¬]ms‚ A\-¥n-
c-h-fpsS aI-\m-Wv.
CXbpw AXn-i-‡-
amb Bflob .-ss]-Xr-Iw amXr-
]nXr hgn ]mc-º-cy-ambn e`n
s®∂p-≈Xv Btc-bpw-t]mse
Rm\pw A`n -am -\ -tØmsS
t\m°n-°m-Wp-∂p.
Xs‚ ssZho-I-hn-fnsb
hfsc kt¥m-j-tØmsS
I≠ At±lw B hnfn kzoI-
cn®v hcp-∂-hsc t]m’m-ln-
∏n-°m≥ F∂pw ian-®n-cp-∂p.
AXp-sIm-≠mWv At±-l-
Øns‚ hn¬]-X-Øn¬ “At©-°¿ Ic`qanbpw \m¬]Xp
]d-bv°v Ccp∏v \nehpw hmg-
°pfw CS-hI ]≈n°v \¬Ip-
Ibpw AXns‚ BZm-b-Øn¬
\n∂pw ]Xn-amkw Hmtcm ]m
´p-Ip¿∫m-\bpw sNdn-b- H-∏o
kpw acn® Xob-Xn-bn¬ Hcp
dmkbpw henb H∏okpw \S-
Øm\pw _m°nbp≈ BZmbw
sIm≠v F√m ImeØpw Hcp
Ip´nsb sshZoI A¥-kn-
te°v ]Tn-∏n-°p-hm\pw” hyh
ÿ h®-Xv.
Ct±-l-Øn‚ amXm-]n-
Xm-°fpw hen-b-ho- n¬]-d-ºn¬
IpSw-_-Øns‚ ÿm]-Icpw
Bb C´n sF∏v, tdmk Zº-
Xn-I-fpsS `uXo-Im-h-in-jvS-
߃ Hcp Xma-t]-S-I-Øn¬
B°n hmg-°pfw CS-hI ]≈n-
bpsS hS-t°- n-Øn-bpsS \Sp-
hn-em-bn h®n-cn-°p-∂p.
Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cnb-
mØns‚ ÿm]-\-Øn\v t\Xr
Xzw hln® At±lw ]pØ≥
]≈n skan-\m-cn-bnse s]m -
k-dm-bn-cp-∂p. At±lw Pohn
® ImeØv Xm≥ ]h¿Øn-®n-
cp∂ taJ-e-bn-se√mw t\Xr
Xzw hln-°phm≥ Ign-™p-
sh∂p≈Xv kaq -l-Øn¬
thdn´v Nn¥n-°m≥ Ign-bp-∂-
h¿°p ssZhw \¬Ip∂ Ir]-
bm-W-t√m.
B henb ]nXm-hns\
Ipdn®p≈ kvt\l... kva-c-W-
I-tfmsS...... At±-l-Øns‚
ktlm-Z-cn-bpsS s]m ]uX≥.
v
s^_p-hcn 201318
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
hen-b-ho- n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥Hcp A\p-kva-cWwHcp A\p-kva-cWwHcp A\p-kva-cWwHcp A\p-kva-cWwHcp A\p-kva-cWw
kn. _nPn‰v apØp-πm-bv°¬ S.A.B.S
aZ¿ s]mhn≥jy¬, Bcm[\m aTw
Ime-Øns‚ Nph-sc-
gp -Øp -Iƒ hmbn -® -dn™v
]Xyp-Ø-cn-°m≥ i‡nbpw
kn≤nbpw \¬In ssZhw
Imem-Im-e-ß-fn¬ Xs‚ sXc-
s™-Sp-°-s∏- -hsc Cu temI-
Øn-te°v Ab-bv°m-dp-≠v.
hnip-≤n-bpsS ]cn-afw ]c-Øn-
b-h¿, Bflo-bm-Nm-cy -∑m¿,
kmaq-ly-]-cn -jvI¿Øm-°ƒ
cmjvSo-b-ao-amw-k-I¿ XpS-ßn-b-
h¿ Cu KW-Øn¬s∏-´-h-cm-
Wv. hmgvØ-s∏´ Nmhd Gen-
bmkv Ipcym-t°mkv A®≥,
hmgvØ-s∏´ tXh¿]-d-ºn¬
Ip™-®≥, [\y≥ am¿ tXma
kv Ipcym-f-t»cn XpS-ßnb
hnip -≤m-flm-°-sf-s°m≠v
19˛mw \q‰m-≠nse tIc-f-k`
[\y-am-°-s∏-´n -cp-∂p. 19˛mw
\q‰m-≠ns‚ DØ-cm¿≤-Øn¬
tIc-f-k-`m-hn-lm-b-n¬ DZ
bw sNbvX Hcp DP z-e-Xm-c-
amWv hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬
_. Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿. Pohn-
Xw-sIm≠p Ncn-X-sa-gp-Xnb
Hcp ]pWym-t«m-I≥, I¿Ωw-
sIm≠v I¿Ω- q-ansb [\y-am-
°nb Im¥-Z¿i\n, kaq-l-
Øns‚ ka-K-h-f¿®-bv°p-
th≠n PohnXw ka¿∏n® bXn-
h-cy≥, kpdn-bm\n ItØmen-
°-cpsS Ah-Im-i߃°pw,
hf¿®-bv°pw-th≠n ]-S-hm-sf-
SpØ [oc-]-S-bm-fn, _lp-`m-
jm-]-WvUn-X≥, k¿t∆m-]cn
\ew XnI™ B≤ym-fln-Im-
Nm -cy≥, CsXm -s°-bmWv
Koh§okv A®-s\-°p -dn®v
Hm¿°p-tºmƒ at\m-ap-Ip-c-
Øn¬ sXfn-bp-I. P∑w-sIm
≠pw I¿Ωw-sIm≠pw tIcf-k-
-bp-sSbpw kpdn-bm\n ItØm-
en-°-cp-sSbpw CS-bn¬ FÆ-
s∏´ Hcp I¿Ω-tbm-Kn-bmbn
At±lw ÿnc-]-XnjvT t\Sn.
Fd-Wm-Ipfw cq]-X-bpsS
ÿm]-I-\mbn At±lw Adn-
b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
1851 Pqsse 17˛\v B
bn-cp-∂p B ]pWy-P-\-\w.
hmg-°pfw CS-h-I-bnse ]pcm-
X\ ]kn-≤-amb hen-b-ho-
´n¬∏-d-ºn¬ C´n sF∏v, tdm
k F∂n-h-cm-bn-cp∂p amXm-]n-
Xm-°ƒ. amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cpsS
ssIkvX-h-Po-hn-X-km-£yw,
ssZh-hn-izm-k-Ønepw `‡n-
bnepw hf¿∂p -h -cp -hm≥
Ip´nsb klm-bn-®p. sshZo-I-
\m-I-W-sa∂v sNdp-∏-Ønse
lrZ-b-Øn¬ \mºn´ BK-l-
]q¿Øn-°mbn 12˛mw hb-n¬
hmg-°pfw I¿Ω-eoØ sImth-
¥-tbmSv tN¿∂v ]h¿Øn-®n-
cp∂ s]‰n skan-\m-cn-bn¬
tN¿∂v sshZo-I-]-T-\-Øn\v
Bcw- w Ipdn-®p. aq∂p h¿j-
Øn-\p-tijw ]T\w XpS-ßp-
∂Xv B ImeØp ÿm]n-X-
amb hcm-∏pg ]pØ≥]≈n
skan -\m -cn -bn -em -bn -cp -∂p.
Ahn-SpsØ BZysØ hnZym¿
∞n F∂ ]tXy-I-Xbpw At±-
l-Øns‚ t]cn-t\mSp tN¿°-
s∏- p. 1874 sabv 30 \v 23˛mw
hb-n¬ Koh¿§o-k-®≥ ]u
tcm-lnXyw kzoI-cn-®p. ]utcm-
ln-Xy-]-Zhnbnte°v Db¿Ø-
s∏Sp∂Xn\p aptº-Xs∂
]kvXpX skan-\m-cn-bnse
A≤ym-]-I-\mbn \nb-an-X-\m
bn F∂Xv At±-l-Øns‚
]mWvUn-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw ]Iz-X-
bp-sSbpw AwKo-Im-c-ambn ]cn-
K-Wn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. sshZo-I-]-T-
\-Øn-\n-S-bn¬ ae-bm-fw, Xan-
gv, kwkvIr-Xw, Cw•o-jv, em‰n
≥, kpdn-bm\n, C‰m-en-b≥ F
∂o mj-I-fn¬ ]mK¤yw t\Sn.
s^_p-hcn 201319
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
Cu Ime-bn-f-hn¬ Xs∂ XXzw,
thZm-¥w, k∑m¿§w BZn-
bmb imkvXß-fnepw Bg-
amb ]mhoWyw t\Sm\pw Ign-
™p. At±-l-Øn¬ ]I-S-
amb A\n-Xc km[m-c-W-amb
Cu kn≤n-Iƒ kl-]m-Tn-I-
sfbpw k`m-≤y-£-∑m-scbpw
Hcp-t]mse BI¿jn®Sp∏n-
°m≥ ]cym-]vX-am-bn-cp-∂p.
]utcm-ln -Xy -kzo -I-c -
Wm-\-¥cw Cu bph-ssh-Zo-
I≥ skan-\m-cn-bnse A≤ym-
]-\-Øn-se-∂-t]mse ]utcm-
ln-Xy-[¿Ω \n¿∆-l-W-Ønepw
Gsd D’p-I-\m-bn. skan-\m-
cn-bn¬ kpdn-bm\n `mj ]Tn-
∏n-°p∂ aev]m\mbpw, eØo
≥, k∑m¿§-imkvXw F∂n-h-
bpsS s]m^-k-dmbpw 16
h¿jw At±lw tkh-\-a-\p-
jvTn-®p. tIc-f-k-`-bnse ]K-
¤-cmb ]e sshZoIcpw At±-
l-Øns‚ injy-K-W-Øn¬s∏-
´-h-cm-bn-cp∂p. skan-\m-cn-bn-
em-bn-cns° kpdn-bm\n Inkv
Xym-\n-Iƒ°p kz¥-amb hnIm-
cn-bm-Øp-Iƒ thW-sa-∂p≈
Bhiyw D∂-bn-®p-sIm≠v ]cn.
am¿]m-∏bv°pw s]m∏-Km¥
Xncp-kw-L-Øn\pw At]-£-
Iƒ Ab-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂Xv
_lp. Koh¿§o-k-®s‚ t\Xr-
Xz-Ønepw \nb-¥-W-Øn-ep-am-
bn-cp-∂p. 1887˛¬ kpdn-bm-\n-
°m¿°mbn Xriq¿, tIm´bw
hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-Iƒ ÿm]n-®p-
sIm≠v ]cn. knwlm-k-\-Øn
¬ \n∂pw I¬]\ h∂p. F
∂m¬ Cu c≠p tIµ-߃°p-
an-S-bn¬ kpdn-bm\n InkvXym-
\n-Iƒ Xnßn-∏m¿°p∂ ÿe-
߃ Ah-K-Wn-°-s∏´p F∂
Bt£-]-ap-b¿∂p. X∑qew
Xriq-cn\pw tIm´-b-Øn-\p-an-S-
bn¬ Hcp hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-IqSn
A\p-h-Zn -®p-In-´-W-sa-∂p≈
At]£ _lp. Koh¿§o-k-
®s‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ sshZo-
Icpw Aevam-bcpw H‰bv°pw
Iq´mbpw tdman-te°v Ab-®-
sIm-≠n-cp-∂p. _lp. A®s‚
\nc-¥-c-amb ]cn-i-a-Øns‚
^e-am-bn- mWv 1986˛¬ Xriq¿,
Nß-\m-t»-cn, Fd-Wm-Ipfw
F∂o hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-Iƒ ÿm
]n-X-am-b-Xv. Aßs\ Fd-Wm-
Ipfw cq]-XbpsS ÿm]-I≥
F∂ _lp-aXn _lp. Koh¿
§ok-®\p kz¥-am-bn.
]K-¤-\mb A≤ym-]-I-
\pw, k`m-kvt\-ln-bpw, Bflo-
bm-Nm-cy-\p-am-bn-cp∂ _lp.
Koh¿§o-k-®\v _‘-s∏-´-h-
cpsS kzm¿∞-Xm-Xv]-cy -ß
ƒ°p-th-≠n 1890˛¬ skan-\m-
cn-bn¬ \n∂pw hnc-an-t°-≠n-
h∂p. A[n-Im-cn-I-fpsS I¬
]\ ssZh-I-ev]-\-bmbnI≠v
\n›-bn-°-s∏´ s]cn-ß-g-bn-te
°v Xmakw am‰n. Ahn-sSbpw
At±lw \nw-K-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√.
Xma-kn-°msX hmg-°p-f-sØ
Øn. I¿Ωe skan-\mcn sI´n-
S-Øn¬ Xma-k-am-°n-s°m-≠m
Wv ]pXnb hnIm-cn-bm-Øn-\p-th≠n ]cn-i-an-®Xpw ^ew I≠-Xpw. AhnsS h®v Xs‚ ]u
tcm-ln-Xy-Po-hn-X-Øns‚ ]pXn-sbmcp A≤ym-b-Øn\p XpS°-an-´p. hmg-°pfw ]tZ-isØ
G‰hpw anI® AP-]m-e-I-\pw,kmaq-ly-]-cn -jvI¿Øm-hpw,hnZym-`ym-k-]-h¿Ø-I-\p-ambn
At±lw cwK-Øp-h-∂p. ]pXnb ]pXnb CS-h-I-Ifpw kvIqfp-Ifpw ÿm]n-°-s∏- p. 1890˛
¬ hmg-°p-fsØ BZysØCw•ojv aoUnbw kvIqfn\v At±lamWv XpS°w Ipdn-®-Xv.
Xs‚ ImesØ Adn-bs∏´ncp∂ Hcp kmln-Xy-Im-c≥ IqSn-bm-bn-cp∂p _lp.Koh¿§o-k-®≥ F∂p NcnXw
km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. A∂sØ k`m-]-kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ CuSp‰
teJ-\-߃ ]e-t∏mgpw ]Xy-£-s∏-Sm-dp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. IqSmsX Hcp kpdn-bm\n `mjm
\nLWvUphpw a‰v ]e KŸ-ßfpw At±lw cNn-®n-´p-≠v.Xt±i hntZi `mj-I-fn-ep≈
\nc-h[n KŸ-k-ap -®-b-a -S -ßp∂ Hcp sse_-dnbpwAt±-l-Øn\p kz¥-am-bn-´p-
≠m-bn-cp-∂p.]utcm-ln -Xy -Øns‚
kph¿Æ-Pq-_nen BtLm-j-
Øn-\ptiw 5 h¿jw IqSnB [\y-Po-hnXw \o≠p. 1929P\p-hcn 19 \v B ]pWy-Zo]w
s]men-™p.v
s^_p-hcn 201320
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
dh. ^m. tXmakv tN¿t°m´vAn. Ub-d-IvS¿
sI.-kn.-ssh.-Fw. tImX-aw-Kew cq]X
Koh¿§okv aev]m≥
tIc-f-k- -bnse I¿Ω-tbmKn
Ign™pt]mb Ime-
ß-tfm¿°p-hn≥, Xe-ap-d-I-fn-eq
sS IS-∂p-t]mb h¿j-߃ A
\p-kva-cn-°p-hn≥ (\n-b-a. 32/7)
]n∂n´ h¿j-ß-fn-eq-sS-
bp≈ Xncn-™p-t\m´w apt∂m-
´p≈ hgn-I-fn¬ shfn-®-am-Ipw.
B shfn-®-Øn¬ sXfn-™p-
Im-Wp∂ apJ-ßfpw sNbvXp
Xo¿Ø IrXy-ßfpw tXSn-h∂
Ir]-Ifpw FÆ-a-‰-h-bm-Wv.
lrZbw \nd™ \µn-tbmSpw
kvt\l-tØmSpw IqSn, Hm¿Ω-
bn¬ ambmsX \n¬°p-∂Xpw,
Gh¿°pw ]b-¶-c-\p-am-bn-
cp∂ bixicoc-\mb Koh¿
§okv aev]ms‚ kvac-W°v
apºn¬ BZcm-⁄-en -Iƒ
A¿∏n-°p-∂p.
Nne¿ CXn-lmkw cNn-
°p-∂p. a‰p-Nn-e¿ CXn-lmkw
]Tn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ thsd Nn
e¿ kz¥w hy‡nXzw sIm≠v
CXn-lmkw krjvSn-°p-∂p.
kz¥w IpSpw-_-Øntem CS-h-
I-bntem amX-a√ tIcfw apgp-
h≥ \nd-™p-\n¬°p∂ hy
‡n ]`m-h-Øm¬ kz¥-amb
I¿Ω-cw -K -ßfpw X\-Xmb
Pohn-X-ssi-enbpw ssIap-X-
em°n Gh¿°pw ]nb-¶-c-\m
b Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ P\-lr-
Z -b-ß-fn¬ ÿnc-] -XnjvT
t\Sn. Hcp Ncn-X-\n-tbmKw
t]mse kpIr-Xyhpw kuly-
Zhpw HØn-W-ßnb Cu aev]m
s‚ Pohn-Xw, kpZo¿L-ambn
Bkz-Zn-°m≥ `mKyw e`n-®-h-
cmWv tIcf ItØmen-°¿.
tIcf ItØm-en-°m-k-
`sb kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw
hf-sc-tbsd ]m[m-\y-ap≈
Hcp sshZn-I-ti-jvT-\mWv
hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿
§okv aev]m≥. 19˛mw \q‰m-≠n
s‚ DØ-cm¿≤-Øn¬ tIc-f-
Ønse kpdn-bm\n ItØm-en-
°-cpsS Ncn-X-Øn¬ ]ap-J-am
b Hcp ÿm\w t\Snb _lp-
`m-jm-]-WvUn-X\pw hcm-∏pg
]pØ≥]≈n skan-\m-cn-bnse
s]m^-kdpw Bbn-cp∂ Cu
sshZo-I-ti-jvT≥ Fd-Wm-
Ipfw cq]-X-bpsS BZy-cq-]-am-
bn-cp∂ Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-
bm-Øns‚ P\-bn-Xmhv F∂m
Wv Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
hmg-°pfw CS-h-Ibn
se hen-b-ho- n¬]-d-ºn¬ C´n
sF∏v-˛-tdmk Z\-º-Xn-I-fpsS
]pX-\mbn 1851 Pqse 17 \v
P\n® At±lw Xs‚ 12˛mw
hb-n¬ skan -\m-cn -bn¬
tN¿∂p sshZn-I-]-T\w Bcw-
`n-®p. 1874 sabv 30˛\v Bbn-cp
∂p ]utcm-lnXy kzoI-c-Ww.
Xs‚ ]utcm-ln-Xy -Po -hn -X-
Øns‚ Bcw`w Xs∂ hmcm-
∏pg ]pØ≥]≈n skan-\m-cn-
bnse A≤ym-]-I-hr-Øn-bn-eq-
sS-bm-bn-cp-∂p F∂Xv At±-
l-Øns‚ ]mWvUn-Xy-Øns‚
G‰hpw henb DZm-l-c-W-am-
Wv. 1887 ¬ Xriq¿, tIm´bw
hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-Iƒ ÿm]n-X-
am-b-Xns\ XpS¿∂v CS-hbv°v
CS-bn-ep≈ kpdn-bm\n ItØm-
en -°¿°mbn Hcp hnIm-cn -
bmØv ÿm]n-°-s∏-tS-≠-Xm-
sW∂ Bhiyw i‡-am-bn.
1890 apX ¬ CXn-\p≈ \nth-Z-
\-߃ hen-b-ho- n¬ ]d-ºn¬
IØ-\m-cpsS t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬
tdman-te°v Ab-°p-hm≥ XpS-
s^_p-hcn 201321
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
ßn. ]pXnb hnIm-cn-bm-Øns‚
ÿm]-\Øn-\mbn \Sp-an-kw-
I£n F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp ]
ÿm\-Øn-\p-Xs∂ IØ-\m¿
XpS°w Ipdn-°pI-bp-≠m-bn.
hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿
§okv IØ-\m¿ ]kn-U‚m
bpw ]pXp-t»cn ]utemkv
IØ-\m¿ skI-´-dn-bmbpw
]h¿Øn-®n-cp∂ \Sp-an-kw-I-
£n-bn¬ 48 AwK-ssh-Zn-I-
cmWv D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. B
]ÿm-\hpw AwK-ssh-Zn-I-
cpsS \ntbm-K-_-en-Ifpw Fd-
Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-bm-Øns‚
ÿm]-\-Øn-\m-bp≈ ]h¿Ø-
\-߃ i‡n-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\v
hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿
§okv aev]m\v Hcp ]tXyI Du
¿÷hpw i‡nbpw ]Zm\w
sNbvXn-cp-∂p. HSp-hn¬ 1896˛
¬ Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-bm
Øv ÿm]n-X-am-b-Xn¬ C]-Im
cw hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Ko
h¿§okv aev]ms‚bpw At±-
l-Øns‚ \Sp-an-kw-I-£n-bp-
sSbpw ]h¿Ø-\-߃ henb
]¶p-h-ln-®p. ]n∂oSv kotdm ae-
_m¿ sslcm¿°n ÿm]n-X-am-
b-t∏mƒ Fd-Wm-Ipfw AXn
s‚ Bÿm-\-ambn h∂Xv I
Ø-\m¿ D∂-bn®v hm-Z-K-Xn-Iƒ
°p≈ \oXn-I-c-W-hp-am-bn.
skan-\m-cn-bnse aev]m
≥ ]Zhn Hgn-™-tijw Xs‚
amXr-C-S-h-I-bmb hmg-°pf
Øpw kao-]-]-tZ-i-ß-fnepw
anI® AP-]m-e-I\pw kmaq-
ly-]-h¿Ø-I\pw hnZym-`ym-k-
]-h¿Ø-I-\p-ambn Xs‚ Pohn-
X-Ønse as‰mcp kp]-[m-\-
amb A≤ymbw cNn® At±-
lw, ssae-s°m-ºv, Bc-°p-g,
\mK-∏p-g XpSßn a‰v ][m\
CS-h-I-I-fnepw hnIm-cn-bmbn
tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn-®n-´p-≠v. Cu
Ime-bn-f-hn¬ kaq-l-Øn¬
Cw•ojv hnZym-`ym-k-Øns‚
Bh-iyI-Xbpw ][m-\yhpw
a\-n-em-°nb IØ-\m¿ hmg-
°pfw Dƒs∏sS hnhn[ CS-h-
I-I-fn¬ Cw•ojv aoUnbw
kvIqfp-Iƒ°pw XpS°w Ipdn-
®p. 1917 emWv IØ-\m¿ hmg-
°pfw CS-h-I-bpsS hnIm-cn-bm-
Ip-∂-Xv. 6 h¿j-°m-esØ A
t±-l-Øns‚ tkh\w hmg-
°pfw CS-h-I-bnepw B \mSn-
\p-X-s∂bpw FX-tØmfw
A`n-am-\-I-c-ambncp-s∂∂v
hni-Zo-I-cn-°hø. At±-l-Øn
s‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn-emWv hmg-
°pfw CS-h-I-bn¬ BZyambn
Nn´n Bcw- n-°p-∂-Xv. hmg-°p
fw CS-h-I°v kmº-Øn-I- -Z
X ]Zm\w sNøp-∂-Xn\v B
Nn´n hf-sc-tbsd klm-bn-®n-
cp∂p F∂v hmg-°pfw Ncn-X-
Im-c-∑m¿ hy‡-am-°p-∂p-≠v.
_lp-`m-jm-]-WvUn-X-
\mb hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬
IØ-\m¿ Xs‚ ImesØ
Adn-b-s∏-Sp∂ Hcp kmln-Xy-
Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. ItØm-en-
°m-tZ-hm-e-b-߃°pw sshZn-
I¿°pw klm-bnbmbn At±
lw Fgp-Xnb FwIn-cn-Zn-tbm≥
At±-l-Øns‚ IrXn-I-fn¬
][m-\-am-Wv. Gsd°mew kp
dn-bm-\n-ssh-Zn-I¿ CXv D]-tbm-
Kn-®n-cp-∂p. Hcp kpdn-bm\n
\nJ-WvUphpw a‰v ]e KŸ-
ßfpw At±lw FSp-Xn-bn--´p-
≠v. A°m-esØ ]apJ k`m
]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ß-fm-bn-cp∂
kXy-\m-Zw, \km-Wn-Zo-]nI F
∂n-h-bnepw IØ-\m-cpsS hn
⁄m-\-]-Z-amb cN-\-Iƒ \nc-
¥cw ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p.
tZiØpw hntZ-iØpw \n∂p
≈ ]pkvX-I-ßfpw amkn-II
fpw hcp-Øp-hm\pw Xs‚ sse
_-dn-bn¬ tiJ-cn-°p-hm\pw
At±lw henb i≤ hln-®n-
cp-∂p.
]utcm-ln-Xy-kzo-I-c-W-
Øns‚ kph¿Æ-Pq -_nen
BtLm-jn®p ]ns∂bpw 5 h¿
j-߃ IqSn ]n∂n´ tijw
1929 P\p-hcn 19 Bbn-cp∂p
At±-l-Øns‚ \ncym-Ww. hen-
b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv
IØ-\m-cpsS kvac-Wm¿∞w
hmg-°p-fØp ]Wn-I-gn-∏n-®n-cn-
°p∂ sk‚v tPm¿÷v tlm
kv]n-‰¬ ]h¿Ø-\-am-cw- n-°p-
∂-Xn-\p≈ kw`m-h\ \¬In-
bXv At±-l-Øns‚ A\-¥n-
c-h\pw sshZn-I-\p-amb ^m.
tPmkv hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn-
em-Wv.
s^_p-hcn 201322
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬
Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚ 84˛mw Nc-
a-hm¿jn-Im-N-c-W-Øns‚ `mK-
ambn ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p∂ Cu
kvac-Wn-I-bn-eqsS At±-l-
sØ kvacn-°p-hm≥ km[n-®-
Xn¬ F\n-°p≈ A`n-am-\hpw
kt¥m-jhpw hfsc hep-Xm-
Wv. ^m. tPmkv hen-b-ho-´n
¬]-d-ºn¬ KŸ-I¿Øm-hm-
bp≈ “hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬
Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿ Poh-N-
cnXw” F∂ 1948 ¬ ]kn-≤o-
I-cn® ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ AXn\v
Ah-Xm-cnI Fgp-Xnb awK-e-
∏pg skan-\m-cn-bnse A∂
sØ s]m -k-dm-bn-cp∂ ^m.
amXyp hS-t°-ens‚ hcn-I-
fmWv Cu \nanjw Fs‚ Hm¿
Ω-bn¬ FØp-∂-Xv. “_lp.
Koh¿§o-k-®≥ hen-b-ho-´n¬
P\n®v henb t\ -ß-tfm-Sp-Iq
Sn henb cq]-X-bpsS krjvSn-
ÿn-Xn-bn¬ ]s¶-SpØv hen-b-
h-\m bn A¥-cn-®p. At±lw
Hcp henb aev]m-\m-bn-cp-∂p.”Aßs\ InkvXo-b-X-bpsS
tXP-kns\ t]mP z-en -∏n®
\∑-bpsS kwkvIm-c-Øn\v
cq]w \¬Inb Ime-Øn\pw
Ncn-X-Øn\pw k`bv°pw AS-
bm-f-߃ \¬In IS-∂p-t]mb
Koh¿§okv aev]m-s\-°p-dn-®p
≈ A`n-am-\hpw BZ-chpw A
Xn-tesd \µnbpw \nd™ Hm¿
ΩIƒ a\-n¬ Db¿∂p-h-cn-
I-bm-Wv.
\∑ sNøp∂h≥ acn-
®mepw Pohn-°pw, P\-lr-Z-b-ß-
fn¬ ÿm\w ]nSn-°pw. Ah-
cpsS ssNX\yw F°m-ehpw
\ne -\n¬°pw. Koh¿§okv
aev]m≥ C∂pw P\-lr-Z-b-ß-
fn¬ PohnXw XpS-cp-I-bm-Wv.
At\-I-cpsS a\-n¬ A¤p-
X-߃ hcp-Øn-b-˛-Imew ad-
°mØ XymK-Øns‚ ]cym-b-am-
bn-cp∂ B I¿Ω-tbm-Knsb
tIc-f-Øns‚ aW¬ Xcn-Iƒ
°p-t]mepw ad-°m-\m-hn-√. aev
]ms‚ A\-iz-c-amb Hm¿Ω-I
ƒ a\-n¬ kq£n-®p-sIm≠v
Znhy-ssN-X\yw Xpfp-ºn-\n¬
°p∂ a\p-jyXzw \nd™p \n
¬°p∂ Cu [\y-amb PohnX
amXrI \ΩpsS hgn-I-fn¬ am¿
§-Zo-]-ambn Xocs´ F-∂v B-iw-
kn-°p-∂p. IS-∂p-t]mb Ime-
ß-fnepw hgn-I-fnepw \ap°pw
\∑-bpsS tijn-∏p-Iƒ _m°n-
bm-°mw. Cu aev]ms\ A\p-
I-cn®v IS-temfw kvt\l-hm-
’-ey-߃ A]-c-¿°v ]I¿t∂-
°mw. Aßs\ \∑-bpsS, kv
t\l-Øns‚, emfn-Xy-Øns‚
hgn-hn-f-°p-I-fm-Imw.
v
16˛mw t]Pv XpS¿®....
ae-bmf kpdn -bm\n
lb-cm°n ÿm]-\-Øn\v A
SnØ-d- ]m-Inbhcn¬ ][m-\n-
I-fmb ]tg-]-d -ºn¬ hµy
fqbn kv saXm\pw hµy \n[n-
co-°¬ amWn IØ-\m¿°pw
H∏w kpdn-bm\n k` _lp-am-
\n-°p∂ Hcp hµy sshZoI
Kpcp-h-c-\mWv hen-b-ho- n¬]-
d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥.
1924˛¬ At±-l-Øns‚
]utcm-lnXy kph¿Æ Pq_n
en BtLm-jn-®p. ]ns∂bpw 5
h¿jw IqSn Ign™v 1929 P\p-
hcn 19--˛\v At±lw I¿Øm-
hn¬ \nZ-]m-]n-®p. arX-tZlw
At±-l-Øns‚ kz¥w CS-h-
I-bmb hmg-°p-fw sk‚v
tPm¿÷v s^mtdm\ ]≈n-
bn¬ kwkvI-cn-°-s∏- p. B¿.-
sF.-]n. \Ωƒ B ]nXm-hn\v
th≠n ]m¿∞n-°-Ww. F∂m
¬ AXnepw ][m-\ -ambn
84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jnIw BN-cn-
°p∂ Cu Ah-k-c-Øn¬ Cu
`qan-bn¬ Pohn-®n-cn-°p∂ \Ω
ƒ B hµy ]nXm-hn-s\-t∏mse
ssZh-Øns‚ 10 Iev]-\-Ifpw
Xncp-h-N-\-ßfpw tdmam- am¿]m-
∏-bpsS ]t_m-[-\-ß-fpw Xncp-
k- -bpsS Iev]-\-Ifpw hnizm-
k-tØmSpw ]Xym-i-tbmSpw
IqsS A\p-k-cn®v Pohn®v
kz¿§w ]m]n-°p-hm≥ “hen-
b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv
aev]m-\®m R-߃°p-th≠n
At]-£n -°-W-ta” . F∂v
At±lØns‚ am≤yÿw
At]-£n-°mw. ssZh-Øn\p
\µn.v
s^_p-hcn 201323
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
dh. ^m. B¬_¿´v \ºym-]-d-ºn¬ C.M.I
Ub-d-IvS¿, D]m-k\, sXmSp-]pg
Hm¿Ω-Iƒ G‰p-hm-ßp-tºmƒ
Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-
bmØns‚ P\-bn-Xmhv hen-b-
ho -´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv
aev]ms‚ 84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jn
Iw hmg-°pfw sk‚v tPm¿
÷v s^mtdm\ ]≈n-bn¬ \S-
°p∂p F∂v Adn -bp -∂p.
At±-l-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ß-
sf-∏‰n hmbn-®-dn-bm≥ km[n-
® -Xn¬ kt¥m-jn -°p -∂p.
At±lw Pohn-®n-cp∂ Ime-b-
f-hn¬ ]q¿Æ-amb A¿∏W
t_m[-tØmsS kz¥w kap-Zm-
b-Øns‚ \m\m-X-c-Øn-ep≈
A`n-hr-≤n-°mbn Pohn-X-a¿∏n-
®p. Cu \m´nse ]e CS-h-I-I-
fn¬ hnIm-cn -bmbn tPmen
sNbvXp. Ah-ImißfpsS
e£y ]m]vXn-°mbn \Span
kwî F∂ t]cn¬ ]hm-NI Zr
jvSn-tbmsS Ct±lw kl-]-h-
¿Ø--I-tcm-sSmØv h® ImeSn
Iƒ FSp-Øp-]-d-tb-≠-Xm-Wv.
kmln-Xy-cw-KØv _lp-`mj
]WvUn-X-\m-bn-cp∂ hen-b-ho-
´n¬]d-ºn¬ A®≥ am\-hn-I-
X -bpsS ]ptcm -K -Xn -°mbv
sNbvX tkh-\-ßsf \µn-
tbmsS Hm¿°p-∂p.
Rm≥ kvIqfn¬ ]Tn-
°p∂ ImeØv hmg-°p-fsØ
\m´p-Imcpw ho´p-Imcpw hen-b-
ho -´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv
aev]m-s\-∏‰n kvXpXn®p ]d-
bp-∂Xv tI´n -´p -≠v. A∂v
AhcpsS hm°p-I-fn¬ \nd-
™p-\n -∂n -cp∂Xv \nd™
\µn-bm-Wv. hb-em-dns‚ Hcp
hmNIw Hm¿Ω-bn¬ hcp-∂p.
“F∂n-ep≠v CtX-hsc Pohn
® kwkvIm-c-߃, F∂n-ep
≠v C\n-bsØ hnScpw kwkv
Im-c-߃” Hcp ImeØv \ s√m
cp kwkvImcw cq]-s∏-Sp-Øp-
hm≥ th≠n Pohn-Xw \o°n
sh® Hcp sshZnI tijvTs‚
Hm¿Ω-bm-N-cn-°p-tºmƒ \ap-
s°m∂p sNømw \mta‰p hm
ßp∂ B kwkvIm-cw, \Ωp
sS-sbms° ]cn-]m-h\ ss]
Xr-Iw, \ΩpsS N¶pw tN¿Øv
`mhn-X-e-ap-d°v ssIam-dmw.
v
hmg-°pfw 751˛mw \º¿ k¿∆okv kl-I-cW
_m¶ns‚ ÿm]-I-t\-Xm-°-fn¬ Hcm-fmb hen-b-
ho- n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚ 84˛mw Nc-a-
hm¿jn-Im-N-c-W-Øn\v Biw-k-Iƒ....
THE VAZHAKULAM SERVICE
CO-OPERATIVE BANKLtd No. 751, Vazhakulam
Vazhakulam P.O., Muvattupuzha
Jose Perumbillikunnel Robert Charlee
President Secretary
Mob: 9447160054 Mob: 9446138224
s^_p-hcn 201324
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
tIc-f-k- -bpsS ]pWy-\-£Xw
\∑ sNbvXp IS-∂p-
t]mb tbip-hns\ ASp-Ø-
\p-I-cn®v Poh\pw Pohn-Xhpw
ssZh-a-l-Xz-Øn\pw ssZh-P-\-
Øn\pw th≠n ka¿∏n® BZ-
c-Wo-b-\mb hy‡n-bmWv hen-
b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv
aev]m≥. ssZh-`-‡cmb am
Xm-]n-Xm-°-fn¬ \n∂pw P∑w-
sIm≠v, ssZh-hn-izm-k-Øn
epw ssZh- -‡n-bnepw ASn-bp-
d®v _mey-Imew ]n∂n´v, ]u
tcm-lnXy Pohn-X-Øn-eqsS
\qX-\hpw ZrV-hp -amb
Im¬h-bv]p-I-fn-eqsS P\-lr-
Z-b-ß-fn¬ ÿm\w ]nSn® al-
Xvhy-‡n-Xz-Øns‚ DS-a-bmWv
Cu sshZo-I≥. At±-l-Øn
s‚ hnim-e-amb ho£-Whpw
I¿Ω-ti-jnbpw A\-\yhpw
kvXpXy-l-hp-amb tkh-\-hpw
A¤p-Xm-h-l-amb ew kpdn-
bm\n ItØm-en°mk`°v
\¬Inbn -´p≠v F∂-Xn¬
Gh¿ °pw A`n-am-\n-°m-hp-∂-
Xm-Wv. kzm¿∞-X-bpsS hgn-I-
fn¬ Ncn-°p∂ kaq-l-Øn
\pw IpSpw-_-Øn\pw ssZh-
kvt\-lm-\p- hw km[y-am-°m
≥ hfsc ]cym-]vX-am-bn-cp∂p
Ct±-l-Øns‚ ka-tbm-Nn-X-
amb CSs]-S-ep-Ifpw Imtem-
Nn-X-amb ]Xyp-Ø-c-ß-fpw.
A\ -\ y -km -[ m - cW
]mWvUnXyw e`n® hy‡n, A
dn-b-s∏-Sp∂ kmln-Xy-Im-c≥,
kmaq-ly-]-h¿Ø-I≥, hnZym-
`ymk ]h¿Ø-I≥, _lp-
`mjm]WvUn-X≥, hn⁄m-\-
]-Z-amb ]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS cN-
bn -Xmhv F∂o \ne-I-fn¬
kpdn-bm\n k`-°v, Fd-Wm-
Ipfw AXn-cq-]-X°v, hnIm-cn-
bmbn tkh-\-a-\p-jvTn® F√m
CS-h-I-Iƒ°v ivfmL-\o -b-
amb ]ptcm-KXn A®s‚ t]
jnX Pohn-X-Øn-eqsS t\Sn-sb-
Sp-°m≥ km[n-®p. Du¿÷
kze-amb am¿§-Z¿in-\n-bmb
Ct±lw Xs‚ D÷ze ]`m-
j-W߃, CuSp‰ teJ-\-߃,
]_-‘-߃, Kth-jW Ipdn-
∏p-Iƒ F∂n-h-bn-eqsS tIcf
k -bn¬ Ne-\-߃ krjvSn-®p.
Xs‚ P∑-\m-Smb hmg-
°pfw ]tZ-isØ anI® AP-
]m-e -I-\mbncp∂ Ct±lw
]pXnb tZhm-e-b-߃°pw
hnZym-e-b-߃°pw XpS°w
Ipdn® Hcp I¿ΩtbmKn IqSn-
bm-Wv.
Fd-Wm-Ipfw AXncq-
]X ÿm]I t\Xm-hmb hen
bho´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv
IØ-\m-cpsS kvac-W-°mbn
hmg-°p-fØv ]Wn-I-gn-∏n-®n-cn-
°p∂ sk‚v tPm¿÷v Bip-
]-Xn-bpsS Bcw`w Ct±-l-
Øns‚ hnemi a\-ns‚ kw
`m-h\ aqe-am-sW-∂pw, Cu B
ip-]-Xn-bpsS Bcw`w apX¬
tcmKn-I-fmb ktlm-Z-c-ßsf
kuJy -Øn -te°pw c£-bn -
te°pw \bn-°m≥ Fw.-F-kv.-
sP. kntÃ-gvkns‚ tkh-\-
Øn-eqsS km[n-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-
°p∂p F∂-Xnepw F\n°v
AXoh kt¥m-j-ap-≠v.
84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jnIw
hn]p-e-ambn BN-cn-°p-tºmƒ,
Cu hµy sshZo-Is‚ kz¿§ob
am≤y -ÿ-Øm¬ C\nbpw
[mcmfw \∑-Iƒ ssZh-P-\-
Øn\v e`n-°s´ F∂v ]m¿∞n-
°p-Ibpw hen -b-ho -´n¬]-d -
ºn¬ IpSpw -_mw -K -߃°v
F√m-hn[ A\p-tam-Z-\-ßfpw
\∑-Ifpw Biw-kn-°p-Ibpw
sNøp-∂p.
v
Sr. Sancta MSJProvincial Superior
Medical Sister of St. Joseph, Dharmagiri,Kothamangalam
s^_p-hcn 201325
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
hen-b-ho- n¬]-d-ºn¬
butk∏v IØ-\m¿
hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬
sImss®-∏n-s‚bpw sIm®p-a-dn-
bm-Ω-bp-sSbpw GI k¥m-\-
amb hen-b-ho- n¬ butk-∏p-
I-Ø-\m¿ 1884 G]n¬ 16˛\v
amXr-Kr-l-amb Bb-h\ Im°-
\mSv IpSpw-_-Øns‚ imJ-
bmb aWn-°p-gn-bn¬ P\n-®p.
A∂v Im°-\m´pIm-cpsS CS-
h-I-bm-bn-cp∂ Imc-°p-∂Øp
]≈n-bn¬ h®v G]n¬ 23˛\v
]men-bØp _. h¿°n-b-®≥
inip-hn\p ⁄m\-kv\m\w
\¬In. ]nXmhv sImss®∏v
1884 HmKÃv 7˛\v acWw ]m]n-
®p. A∂p apX¬, 1893 P\p-
hcn 9˛\v Koh¿§o -k-®s‚
IqsS ]Tn-°m≥ t]mb-Xp-h-sc,
butk∏v IØ-\m¿ amXr-Kr-l-
Øn¬ hf¿∂p. AhnsS h®p
sXmΩ-\m-im≥, sNºn-em-im≥
apX¬t]¿ \ne-sh-gpØpw
IW°pw Iq´n-hm-b-\bpw ]Tn-
∏n-®p. Koh¿§o-k-®≥ hmg-°p-
fØv ÿm]n®p \S-Øn-h∂
sk‚v tPmk^vkv Pw•ojv
kvIqfn¬ 8 h¿jhpw 8 amk
hpw ]mb-am-b-t∏mƒ 1893 P\p-
hcn 9˛ \v hn. sP. tPmk^v
F∂ t]cn¬ Cw•ojv ]Tn-
°m≥ XpS -ßn. 1896 hsc
Koh¿§ok®≥ ae-bm-f-`m-j
bpw Km¿ssØz-‰ns‚ ae-bmf
hymI-c-Whpw Cw•ojv aqe-]-
T-\hpw ]Tn-∏n-®p. \√ hS-nhn¬
Hme FgpØp hi-ap-≠m-bn-
cp∂ Hcp A£-c-N-¥-\mb I.
\n. aq. k. IWn-∏n-≈n¬ _.
Ckn-tZm-c-®-\mWv Hme-bn¬
Fgp-Xn-s°m-SpØp Ip¿∫m-
\°p IqSm≥ ]Tn-∏n-®-Xv. ]cn.
Ip¿∫m\ ssIs°m-≈n-∏n -
®Xpw ]pWy-t«m-I-\mb Ct±-
l-am-Wv. hn. sP. tPmk^v
1897 Pq¨ 5˛\v Fd-Wm-Ipfw
sk‚v B¬_¿´vkv Cw•ojv
sslkvIq-fn¬ ^Ãvt^man¬
tN¿∂p. AhnsS 1902 hsc
]Tn-®p. 1903˛¬ aSn-°p-te-j≥
¢mn¬ Nß-\m-t»cn sk‚v
_¿°p-am≥kv sslvIq-
fn¬ ]Tn-®n-cn-°-bn¬, tdman¬
t]m-Ip∂Xn\mbn Fd-Wm-Ip
fw hn. A∏-kvtXm-en-°m, am¿
fqbnkv saXm≥ Iev]n-®-]-
Imcw 1903 HIvtSm-_¿ 17˛\v
]sØm-º-Xm-asØ hb-n¬
Bb (B-ÿ-∏m-S v) ]´w
kzoI-cn®v 23˛\v t_mw s_°v
h≠n Ib-dn. Koh¿§o-k-®≥
B¿t°m-Ww-hsc kl-bmX
sNbvXp ]ncn-™-tijw At±
lw ssa-em-∏q-cn¬ t]mbn am¿
tXmΩm-ap-Ø-∏s‚ Ih-dnSw
hW-ßn-t]m-∂p-h-sX.
B¿t°m -W -Øp -\ n
∂pw butk∏v siΩmiv GIm-
In-bmbn cmXn t_mws_-°p
≈ sabn¬ sS-bn-\n¬ bmX
sNbvXp. c≠p cmXnbpw Hcp
]Iepw bmX sNbvXv, ]pe¿
s® sk‚v tkthygvkv tImtf-
Pn¬ FØn Xm-a-kn-°p-Ibpw
\hw-_¿ 1˛\v Bhp-kvXo-b≥
tembnUv Iº-\n -°m-cpsS
Cº-c-XnIvkv F∂ I∏-en¬
bqtdm-∏n-te°p bmX-]p-d-s∏-
Sp-Ibpw sNbvXp. 18˛\v Snsb-
lWn hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬
s^_p-hcn 201326
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
Ãn¬ FØn AhnsS \n∂p
sh\o-kn-te-°p≈ IS-Øp-I-∏-
en¬ Ibdn sh\o-kn¬ Cd-
ßn. AhnsS \n∂pw cmXn-
bn¬ h≈w Ibdn kvXmƒUn
sImth-¥-bn¬ FØn Xma-kn-
®p. ASp -Ø-Zn -hkw 18˛\v
cmXn h≠n-°p tdman-te°p
bmX ]pd-s∏- p. 20˛\v D®-tbm
sS t]m∏-Km-¥- skan\mcn-
bn¬ tNcp-Ibpw ASp-Ø-Zn-
hkw skan-\m-cn-hI Du¿_≥
tImtf-Pn¬ lypam-\n-‰n -¢m-
n¬ ]T\w Bcw- n-°p-I bpw
sNbvXp. 1904˛¬ sd‰-dnIv
¢mn¬ ]ikvXamw hÆw
Pbn-®p. ^ntem-k^n ¢mkv
XpS-ßp-hm≥ Ign-bmsX A\m-
tcmKyw \nanØw 1905˛¬ HIv
tSm-_¿ 18˛\v XncnsI t]mtc-
≠n-h-∂p. ae-_m¿Imcmbn
t]m∏-Km-¥-bn¬ D≠m-bn -
cp∂ aT-Øn¬]-d-ºn¬ siΩm
ipw ta\m-t®-cnbpw XncnsI
t]m∂v, acn-®p-t]m-bn. butk
∏v siΩmiv B sIm√w NnIn-
’-bn¬ ho´n¬ Xma-kn-°p-
Ibpw c≠p-sIm√w Ac-a-\-bn
¬ Xma-kn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Ac-a-\-bn¬ Xma-kn-®-Im-eØv
Cw•o-jn¬ \n∂pw X¿÷na
sNbvXv A®-Sn-∏n-®-XmWv “ In-
bvXob kRvPo-hn\n” F∂ ]p
kvX-Iw. “aq∂mw-k` I¿Ω-eo
Øm k\ym-kn-\n-I-fpsS \n_-
‘-\-Iƒ” F∂ ]pkvXIw C
‰m-en-b≥ `mj-bn¬ \n∂pw
fqbnkv saXm-\-®≥ At±-l-
sØ-s°m≠p X¿÷na sNøn
®v F¬Øp-cp-Øn¬ ASn-∏n-
®p. tdman-te°v t]mIp-∂-Xn
\pw Xncn-®p-h-∂-Xn¬ ]n-s∂
bpw am¿ fqbnkv saXm-\-®
s‚ Zbm-[nIyw At±-lsØ
hebw sNbvXn-cp-∂p-sh∂p
IrX-⁄-Xm-]q¿∆w A\p-kva-
cn-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. t]m∏-
Km-¥-sk-an-\m-cn-bnte B≤ym-
fln-tIm-]-tZ-jvSm-hmb tZmw
_qWn-bp-sSbpw Icp-Wm-]p-c-
-c-amb klm-b-ßfpw hfsc
A[n-I-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1909 am¿®v
18˛ \v Koh¿§o-k-®-t\m-Sp-IqSn
butk-∏v si-Ωmiv ]pØ≥
]≈n skan-\m-cn-bn¬ tNcp-I-
bpw, AhnsS ^ntem-k^n
¢mkn¬ sdIvS¿ s_m\n-^m-
kns‚ Iogn¬ ]T\w XpS-ßp-
Ibpw sNbvXp. 1910˛11 Cu
h¿j-ß-fn¬ butk-∏p-si-Ωm-
ins‚ ]Xm-[n -]-Xy -Ønepw
`mKy-kva-c-Wm¿l-\mb If--∏p-
c-°¬ A¥-tbmkv aev]m-\-
®s‚ amt\-Pvsa‚nepw “ssh
ZoI≥” amknI \S-Ø-s∏-´p.
1912 Unkw-_¿ 22˛\v 5˛mw ]´w
am¿ fqbnkv saXm-\-®-\n¬
\n∂pw kzoI-cn-®p. 1914 Unkw-
_¿ 21˛\v Ip¿∫m-\-∏´w I≠-
Øn¬ am¿ BK-kvXn-t\mkv
saXm-t∏m-eoØ Ah¿Iƒ
sImSp-°p-Ibpw Unkw-_¿
29˛\v skan-\m-cn-°-t∏-f-bn¬
]pØ≥Ip¿∫m\ sNm√p-I
bpw sNbvXp.
1915 P\p-hcn 1˛\v hmg-
°pfw Akn-kvtX¥n hnIm-cn-
bmbn \nb-an-°-s∏- p. AXp-I-
gn™p bYm-Iaw Imc-°p∂w,
aqhm-‰p--]pg, Bb-h-\, Ieq¿,
Icn-a-Æq¿, hcm-∏pg, ]pØ≥]-
≈n, aqgn-°p-fw, Nmen, s]cn-ß-
g, s\Sn-b-Im-Sv, tImSn-°pfw
F∂o ]≈n-I-fpsS hnIm-cn-bm
bn At±lw tkh\w A\p-
jvTn-®n-´p-≠v.
At±lw hnIm-cn-bm-bn
Ccp-∂-Im-e-sams°bpw ssZh-
Øn\pw tZhm -e -b -Øn -\pw
th≠n At\Iw _p≤n-ap-´p-
Iƒ Ign-®n- p-≠v. kvIqfp-Iƒ
ÿm]n-°p-I, knan-tØ-cn-Ifpw
]≈n-s°-´n-S-ßfpw ]Wn-bp-I,
]≈n-bpsS IS-߃ Xo¿°p-I,
apX-emb At\Iw _p≤n-ap-
´pƒ At±lw Ign-®p- p-≠v. Ch-
bv°n-S-bn¬ kmln-Xy-kw-cw-`-
ß-fn¬ At±lw DZyp-‡-\m-
Im-Xn-cp-∂n-√. “temtIm¬∏
Øn AYhm krjvSn-I¿Ωw h
gn°p≈ temI-Øns‚ D¤
hw” F∂ XXz-im-kvX-KŸw
At±-l-Øn-t‚-Xm-Wv. A®-Sn-
∏n-°m-Ø-Xmbn “tIcfØnse
ItØm-en-°m-k`” “B tdm
km-]pjv]w” apX-embn ]e K
Ÿßfpw At±lw Fgp-Xn-bn-
´p-≠v. HSp-hn-esØ ]pkvX-I-
amWv “henbho-´n¬ Koh¿§o
kv IØ-\m¿ Poh-N--cnXw” ]e
]X-am-kn-I-I-fp-sSbpw teJ-
I\mbpw At±lw Ccp-∂n- p-
≠v. 1952 Unkw-_¿ 18˛\v At±
lw A¥-cn-®p. At±-l-Øns‚
`uXo-I-i-cocw hmg-°pfw ]≈n-
bn¬ A¥y-\nZ sIm≈p-∂p.
v
s^_p-hcn 201327
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
Koh¿§okv aev]m≥Hcp kmln-Xy-Im-c≥
Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-
bm-Øns‚ P\-bn-Xmhv hen-b-ho -´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv
aev]m≥ Ct∏mgsØ tImX-aw-Kew cq]-X-bn¬s∏´ hmg-°pfw CS-h-I-bnse AXn-]p-cm-
X\amb IpSpw-_-Øn¬ C´nsF∏v- -tdmk F∂ amXm-]n-Xm-°-∑m-cn¬ \n∂v 1851 Pqsse
17˛\v P\n-®p. Ct±-l-Øn\vaq∂v tP yjvT-k-tlm-Z-∑m cpwc≠v A\p-P-k-tlm-Z-cn-Ifpw
BWv D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. _me-hn-Zym- ymkw kztZ-i-amb hmg-°pfw ASpØp≈ a™-≈q¿
Xs∂-I-gn-®-tijw ssZh- -‡-cmb amXm-]n -Xm-°-∑m-cn¬\n∂v e`n®v X∂n¬ hf¿∂p-
h∂ ssZh-hn-izmkw ssZh-`‡n CXym-Zn -]p-Wy-ß-fm¬t]cn-X-\mbn ]¥-≠m-asØ
hb-n¬ hmg-°pfw I¿ΩesImth-¥-tbmSv tN¿∂v D≠m-bn-cp∂ sNdp-sk-an-\m-cn-bn¬
]th-in-®p. AXn-\p-tijw ]T-\]q¿Øo-I-c-W-Øn-\mbn hcm-∏pg ]pØ≥]≈n skan-\m-cn-
bpsS DZvLm-S-\-Zn-h-k-amb 1866BKÃv 13-- \v Xs∂ AhnsStN¿∂p. AhnsS h®v C‰m-en-
b≥ tZio-b-\mb tUmIvS¿a¿kn-en-t\mkv saXm-\-®-\-h-
dp -I-fpsS hm’-ey -Ønepw
kwc-£-W-Ønepw ae-bm-fw,Xan-gv, kwkvIr-Xw, Ch IqSmsX Cw•ojv, em‰n≥, kpdn-bm-
\n, C‰m-en-b≥ F∂o ]m›mXy`mj-I-fnepw Akm-[m-cW]mWvUnXyw e`n-®p. F´p-sIm-
√-߃ sIm≠v XXzw, thZm-¥w, k∑m¿§w BZn-bmb imkvX-ß-fn¬ ]mhoWyw kºm-
Zn-°p-Ibpw kl-]m-Tn-I-fp-sSbpw aX-ta-e-≤y-£≥am-cp-sSbpw ]oXn°pw aXn-∏n\pw kv
t\l-Øn\pw ]mX-am-hp-IbpwsNbvXp. C]-Imcw ssZh-`-‡\pw imkvX⁄\pamb
Ct±lw 1874 sabv 30˛\v 22˛mwhb-n¬ hnti-jm-e-\p-a-Xn-tbm-Sp -IqSn ]utcm-lnXyw
kzoI-cn-®p. 1974 sabv 31-˛\vskan-\mcn It∏-f-bn¬ h®v\h-]q-P-Iƒ A¿∏n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp.1873 apX¬ 1889 hsc
hcm-∏pg ]pØ≥]-ffn skan-
\m-cn-bn¬ kpdn-bm\n aev]m-
\mbpw em‰n≥ `mj-bp-sSbpwk∑m¿§-im-kvX-Øn-s‚bpws]m -kdmbpw tkh\w A
\p-jvTn-®n-cp-∂p.kpdn-bm\n ItØm-en-
°-cpsS CS-bnse Adn-b-s∏- n-
cp∂ Hcp kmln-Xym-Im-c-\m-bn-cp∂p hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬Koh¿§okv aev]m≥. 1952 HmK
Ãv 13 se kXy-Zo-]-Øn¬ ]kn-≤-km-ln-Xy-Im-c≥ kn. sI.a‰w ]ptcmln-X-cmb ]Øv ]
apJ kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑msc ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≠v. AXn¬Hcmƒ Ct±-l-am-Wv. Ct±-l-
Øns‚ ]apJ IrXn-Iƒ ae-¶c kpdn-bm\n k`m-N-cn-Xw,sIm®p-tXky ]pWy-h-Xn-bpsS
NcnXw (X¿÷n-a), hn. Ct·-jy-kns‚ [ym\w (X¿÷n-a),⁄m\-Zo-]w, F≥Inco-Zntbm
≥, Xe°-s∏- -tZ-jßfpw ]pWy-ß-fpw, At]w aev]ms‚ IrXn-
Iƒ F∂n-h-bm-Wv.v
tPmk^v hen-b-ho-S≥
LIDIYA EYE HOSPITAL & OPTICALSMANNARKKAD, PALAKKAD
PH: 0492 4226706, 9447624182
Dr. Lucy Valiyaveettilparambil MBBS, MS, DOFellow, LF Hospital, Angamali
Biw-k-I
ƒ...
Biw-k-I
ƒ...
Biw-k-I
ƒ...
Biw-k-I
ƒ...
Biw-k-I
ƒ...
s^_p-hcn 201328
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
bmZr›n-I-am-bn-´mWv
Rm≥ hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿ Poh-N-cnXw F∂ KŸw hmbn-°p-
hm≥ CS-bm-b-Xv. AXphmbn®p Ign-™-t∏mƒ F\n°v a\-n-embXv “]tcm-]-Im-cm¿∞w
CZw-i-cocw” F∂ hmIyw kzPohn-X-Øn¬ ]I¿Ønb Hcp-Zn-hy-\mb hy‡n-bm-bn-cp∂p
hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ F∂-XmWv. At±l-Øns‚ A¥xIcWw F
t∏mgpw ip ≤-am-bn-cp-∂p. hn\-bw, ssZh-`-bw, IrXy-\n-jvS,anX- m-j-Ww, Nn¥m-ioew Ch-
sbms° At±-l-Øns‚ KpW-hn -ti -j -ß-fm -bn -cp -∂p.Bfl-]-iwk At±-lsØ
Xo≠n-bn-´n-√.
G‰hpw IqSp-X-embn
F∂ BI¿jn®Xv At±-l-Øns‚ hn¬]-Xw BWv. At±-l-Øns‚ kzØp-°ƒ apgp-
h\pw At±lw hnIm-cn-bm-bn-cp∂ Bc-°p-g, hmg-°p-fw, ssae-s°mºv XpS-ßnb ]≈n-Iƒ°p
kw`m-h\ sNbvX-Xm bn ImWp-∂p. At\Iw ]pkv XI-ßfpwteJ-\-ßfpw hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-
ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ Fgp-Xn-bn- p-≠v. Cu teJ-\-ß-fn¬NneXv Ch-bm-Wv. AXym-h-iy-am-
bp≈ ]cn-jv °mcw, sshZn-I-ta-e-≤y-£≥ amtcm-Sp-≈-h-W-°w,InkvXo-bm-Nm-c-\-S-]-Sn-Iƒ, tIc-
f-Ønse kpdn-bm\n `mj-I-fp-sSbpw kpdn-bm\n sshZo-I-cp-sSbpw hnem-]-ÿnXn, \ΩpsS
thZ`m-j.
Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿Hcp ssIkvXh k`mkvt\ln
Pn_p Fw. Fw. amS-∏-d-ºn¬
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬
Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚ Pohn-X-
Im-e-Øv Rm≥ ]Xn-\n-[m\w
sNøp ∂ k` “]pØ≥ Iq‰p-
Im¿” F∂mWv Adn-bs∏´ncp-
∂Xv. Rß-fpsS kap-Zm-b-
tØmSv BIm-eØv G‰hpw
IqSp-X¬ kvt\lhpw sFIy
hpw ]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cp-∂Xv hen-b-
ho -´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv
aev]m-\m-bn-cp-∂p F∂p-≈Xv
it≤-b-am-Wv. Fd-Wm-Ipfw
cq]X ÿm]-I-\mb hen-b-ho-
´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m
s‚ 84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jn-I-Zm-\m-
N-c-W-Øn\pw A\p-kva-c-W-
Øn\pw F√m-hn[ Biw-k-
Ifpw t\cp-∂p.
v
Biw-k-Iƒ....
ST. GEORGE HOSPITAL
VAZHAKULAM, MUVATTUPUZHA
PH: 0485 2260222, 2260262
k General Medicine Paediatrics k
k Orthopaedics & Physiotherapy Pain & Paliative Care Unit k
24 HOURS CASUALTY SERVICE
Rev. Fr. Paul NedumpurathuParish Priest & Director
s^_p-hcn 201329
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
\Sp-an-w-I£n1890 am¿®v amk-Øn
¬ tIm´bw hn. At∏m-kvtXm-en°m Koh¿§o-k-®s\ ]pØ
≥]≈n skan-\m-cn-bnse A≤ym-]-I-]o-T-Øn¬ \n∂v am‰n-bXv ASn-ÿm-\-c-ln-X-ß-fmb
Inwh-Z-¥n-Isf A[n-I-cn-®m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, Koh¿§o-k-®≥A°m-cy-Øn¬ \n¿tZm-jn-bm-
sW∂p X\n°p ]q¿Æ-t_m[w h∂n-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂pw, BsIm√w apgp-h\pw \S∂ Fgp-
Øp-Ip-Øp-I-fpsS ^e-ambntUm. eho™v Koh¿§o -k-®s\ tcJm-aqew Adn-bn-°p-I-
bp-≠mbn. ssZh- -‡n, kXyw,\oXn, B¿÷-hw, hn\bw XpS-ßnb KpW-]u-jvI-ey-Øm¬
]tim- n-X-\m-bn-cp∂ Koh¿§o-k-®≥ Hcp bm¿∞ A[n-Im-tcm-]m-k-I≥ Xs∂ Bbn-cp-
∂-Xp -aqew A[n -Im -csØ[n°-cn®p ]h¿Øn-®p -sh-∂p≈ Btcm-]Ww X\n°p
a¿Ω-t`-Z-ambn Xo¿∂-Xp-sIm-≠mWv C°m-cy-Øn¬ CX\njvIr-jvS -ambn ]h¿Øn-
∏m≥ At±lw DZyp-‡-\m-b-Xv.A\-¥cw At±lw
Xs‚ ho£-W-K-Xnsb k`m-
kw-_-‘hpw kmap-Zm-bn-I-hp-amb kwK-Xn-I-fn-te°p Xncn-®p. Ah-Km-V-amb Btem-N-
\-I-fpsS ^e-ambn tIm´-bw,Xriq¿ F∂ c≠p hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-I-fpsS at≤y aq∂m-a -
sXmcp hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-IqSnÿm]n-°-s∏-tS≠Xv. at≤ytIc-fo-b-cmb kpdn-bm-\n-°m-
cpsS Hcp Bhiyw Xs∂-bm-sW∂v At±-l-Øn\v ]q¿Æ-t_m-[y -ambn; X≥\n-anØw
AXn-\mbn ^tem-Z-bw-hsc]b-Xv\n-∏m≥ ZrV-\n-›bwsNøp-Ibpw sNbvXp.
Bcw-`-iq-cXzw F∂KpWm- mkw Ahn-Zycpw Aev]-hn -Zycpw A`y -kvX-hn -Zycpw
Bb tIc-fo-bsc H∂-S¶w_m[n-°p-∂p. Zpc-`n-am-\hpwZpc-l-¶m-chpw ]c-kv]-c-a-’-
chpw Ah-cn¬ IpSn-sIm-≈p-∂p. kzm¿Ø-tem-ep-]-Xbpw`ocp-a-\-kvX-Xbpw Ah-cn¬
]KmVw ]‰n-∏n-Sn-®n´p≈ CØn-°-Æn-I-fm-Wv. kzIm-cy-em-` -Øn-\p-th≠n e÷m-h-l-
amb `n£p-a-\-ÿn-Xnbpw Aev]-]-km-Zn-Xzhpw ]c-Zq-j-W-ßfpw IqSntb Ignbq F∂v
Ah¿ Icp-Xp-∂p. F∂m¬ÿnc-\n-›-bhpw Aim-¥-]-cn-i-a-hpw-sIm≠v Xs‚ ]ÿm-
\sØ ^e-h-Øm-°n-Øo¿°-W-sa∂v Koh¿§o-k-®\v Bcw-`-Ønse BK-l-ap-≠m-bn-cp-
∂p. B DtZ-iysØ ap≥\n¿Øn-bmWv At±lw “ \Sp-anw I£n” cq]h¬°-cn-®-
Xv. a≤y tIc-f-Ønse 50˛¬]cw CS-h-I-I-fn¬ \n∂p 48sshZo-Icpw 50 Hmfw A¬am
b ]h-c-∑mcpw AS-ßnb BkwL-S-\-bpsS A≤y-£-\mbnKoh¿§o-k-®≥ Xs∂ sFIy-I-
WvtT\ Xnc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p.AXns‚ P\-d¬ skI-´-dn-bmbn hcm-∏pg ]pØ≥]≈n
CS-hI ]pXp-t»-cn¬ ]utem-k-®≥ \nb-an -X-\m-bn. CukwL-S-\-bpsS ]tXy-I-X, CXn
s‚ AwK-ß-fn¬ Gh-cp -sSbpw A`n-]m-b-߃ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn, Ahsb Ah-cpsS
t]¿°v A[n-Im-c-ÿm-\-ß-fn¬ Adn-bn -°p-∂-Xn -\p≈]q¿Æm-[n-Imcw CXns‚ A
≤y-£-\p-s≠-∂p≈Xmbn-cp-∂p. CXn-\mWv ap‡ym¿ AYhm A[n-Im-c-Zm-\-]Xw Fgp-
Xn-sIm-Sp-°pI F∂p ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv.
H∂m-aXp ktΩfn-X-
amb s]mXptbmK-Øn¬ h®p-X-s∂, a≤y tIc-f-Øn¬ H∂vAYhm c≠v hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-
Iƒ ÿm]n-X-am-I-W-sa-∂p≈A`n-]mbw k¿∆-k-Ω-X-ambnDd-∏n-°-s∏-´p. AXp km[n-X-
^m. tPmkv Fgp-Xn-bXpw ^m. amXyp hS-t°¬ (s]m- . awK-e-∏pg skan-\m-cn) Ah-Xm-cnI Fgp-Xn-bXpw io. ]n.sP. B≥Uqkv ]km-Z-I-\p-am-bp≈ 1948 ¬ Beph am¿tØmΩ ]n¬ A®-Sn-®-Xp-amb “henbho- n¬]-d-ºn¬Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿˛Poh-N-cnXw” F∂ KŸ-Ønse Nne kp]-[m\ A≤y-mbß-fmWv NphsS tN¿°p-∂-Xv.
s^_p-hcn 201330
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
]m-b-am-Ip-∂-Xn-\p≈ kIeFgp-Øp-Ip-Øp-Ifpw Xß-fpsS \ma-Øn¬ \S-Øp-∂-Xn-\p≈ ]q¿Æm-[n-Imcw Koh¿§o-k-®\p sImSp -°p-∂-Xmbn]e¿ tbmPn®pw Nne¿ X\n®pwap‡ym¿ FgpXn kz¥w ssIsøm-∏p-h®p sImSp-Øp.
Cu ]mcw` ]h¿Ø-\-ß-sf-∏-‰n, kwLm-S\m skI-´ -dn -bm-bn -cp∂ ]pXp-t»cn]utem-k-®s‚ B”n-I-Øn¬ (U-b-dn) Cßs\ ImWp∂p.“hcm∏pg sa-Xm-t∏m-eo-Øm-®≥ ae-bm-f-Øn-ep≈ F√mInkvXym-\n-I-sfbpw `cn-®p-t]m-cp-tºmƒ CS-°m-e-Øn¬1877 HIvtSm-_¿ 20 \v At±-l-Øns‚ tImAZyp-tØm-cmbn a¿k-eo-t\mkv saXm-\-®s\ \nb-an-®-Xn¬, Ct±lwAhsc ]tXy-I-hn-[-Øn¬`cn-®p-h-∂p. B ImeØv ip≤knwlm-k\Øn¬ \n∂p tIm--bw, Xriq¿ F∂p c≠p hnIm-
cn-bm-Øp-I-sf IqSn ÿm]n-°p-Ibpw tIm´bw A[n-Im-cn-bmbn eho™p saXm\®-s\bpw Xriq¿ A[n-Im-cn -bmbn saU-en-t°m´p saXm-\-®-s\bpw \nb-an -°p-I-bpw,Ah¿ ]tXy-I-hn-[Øn¬ Ccp-an--P-\-ß-sfbpw `cn-®p-t]m-cp-Ibpw sNbvXp. Aß-s\-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Cu c≠p an-߃°pw at≤y aq∂m-asXmcphnIm-cn-bmØp ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn\p sshZn-Icpw P\-ßfpwH-cp-an®v Btem-N\ \S-Øp-Ibpw AXn-\p≈ Fgp-Øp-Ip-
Øp-Iƒ tdmam-knw-lm-k-\-Ønte°v Ab-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn]pØ≥]≈n skan-\m-cn-bn¬kpdn-bm\n aev]m-\m-bn-cp∂hen-b-ho-´n¬ Koh¿§o-k-®s\\n›-bn -°p -Ibpw At±-l-Øn\p ] -°m-cpsSbpw P\-ß-fp-sSbpw Hcp ap‡ym¿ FgpXnsImSp-°-Ø-°-hÆw \n›-bn-®-X-\p-k-cn®v ap‡ym¿ H∏n-Sp-hn-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn ]pXp-t»cn]utem-k-®s\ G¬∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp” . C]-Imcwa≤y tIc-f-Ønse sshZo-IcpwA¬ta-\n-Ifpw AS-ßnb HcpkwL-S-\-bmbncp∂p “\Sp-anw I£n” . ipc-Xzw-sIm≠vBcw- n-°p-Ibpw `ocp-Xzw-sIm≠v ]cm-Mvap-J-∑m-cmbn AwKXzw shSn™v Bƒ Hfn-hn¬ad-™m-epw, ap‡ym¿]XwaptJ\ H∏p-h®p sImSp-Øn-´p≈ kΩ-Xn-Zm\w C√msXhc-cpXv F∂p≈ ap≥I-cp-X¬B I£n-°p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.
Cu \Sp-anw I£n\mw I≠-Xp-t]mse Hcp ka-c-I-£n-b√; AXn\p ]Xn-Zz-µn-I-fn√; AXv Bscbpw Zpjn-°m-\pw, Ducpw t]cpw hbv°msX hmtdme Fgp-Xm\pw th≠n-bp-≈-X-√. 6 Dw 9 Dw Hfn-b-ºp-Iƒ Føm-\p-a-√. CXns‚]c-tam-t±iyw alØpw kv]rl-Wo-b-hp-am-b-Xm-Wv. AXvtIc-fo-b-cmb ItØm-en°mI¬Zmb kpdn-bm-\n-Im¿°vA∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂ tIm´bw,Xriq¿ hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-Iƒ°v]pdsa Xncp -knw -lm-k\w
c≠p hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-IƒIqSnÿm]n-°p-Ibpw Ah-bn¬H∂ns\ Iam¬ A[o-i-cq-]-X-bmbn Db¿Øp-Ibpw a‰p-≈-hsb A[o-\-cq-]-X-I-fm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp-sIm≠v tIc-f-Øn¬ ]hn-X- -cWw (Heirarchy)
ÿm]n°W-sa-∂m-bn-cp-∂p.AXn-te°p ]kvXp X kwL-S-\m-t\Xm-hmb Koh¿§o-k-®≥Xøm¿ sNbvX kqX-]mXCXm-bn-cp-∂p. tIm´bw hn.At∏m-kvtXm-en°m tUm.eho™v `c-W- m-cw Itø-‰n´vGsd-°mew Ign-bp-∂-Xn-\p-ap-ºp-Xs∂ GXm≠v 1889 ¬hnIm-cn -bm -Øns‚ hSs°AXncp ssh°hpw, ssh°wImb-en¬ \n]-Xn-°p∂ aqhm-‰p -]pg Bdpw, sXmSp-]pgAs√-¶n¬ ]pfn-°¬ BdpwB°-Ww. Cu AXn-cp-IƒsX°pw, Bep-hm-bn¬ IqSntNµ-aw-Kew hgn sImSp-ß-√q¿Imb-en¬ hogp∂ s]cn-bmdphS°pw AXn-cp-I-fmbn \n¿Æ-bn®v Ch-bpsS \Sp-hn-ep≈`qhn- mKw Hcp ]pXnb hnIm-cn-bm-Øm-°-Ww. CXns‚ Xe-ÿm\w aqhm-‰p-]p-gtbm Xr∏q-Wn-Ø-dtbm B°mw. s]cn-bm¿ sX°pw Nme-°p-Sn-bm¿hS°pw AXn-cp-I-fmbn thsdmcp hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-IqSn ÿm]n®v arX-]m-b-amb A¶-am-ensb D≤-cn-®v, AXns\ CuhSs° hnIm-cn-bm-Øns‚ Xe-ÿm-\-am-°-Ww. Cßs\ \mep hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-Iƒ (tIm- -bw, aqhm-‰p-]p-g, A¶-am-en,
s^_p-hcn 201331
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
Xr»n-h-t]-cq¿) ]`m-hsØ]m]n-°p-tºmƒ ]hn-X- -cWwkpX-c-am-bn-Øo-cpw.
CuZriyw al-ØmbBZ¿i-ßsf ap≥\n¿Øn]h¿Ø-\-am-cw-`n-°m≥ t]mIp∂ \Sp-anwI£n, Imt\m≥ \nb-a-]-cn-[n-Isf AXn-ew-Ln®v H∂pw ]h¿Øn-®p-IqSmF∂p Koh¿§o-k-®\v \n¿_-‘-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. AXns‚am¿§--Zo-]-߃ kXyw, \oXn,B¿÷-hw Ch-bm-bn-cn-°-Ww.tIhew Hcp kXy-K-ln-Xs∂Bbn-cp∂ B amXr-Im-t\-Xm-hn\v kXyw amX-am-bn-cp∂pBew-_hpw i‡n-bpw. At±-l-Øns‚ Dt±-i-kn-≤n-°mbnD∂X ÿm\-ß-fn¬ ip]m¿isNøp-∂-Xn\v kXy-hXzhpwBflm¿∞-X-bp-a-√msX thsdBcp-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. kap-Zm-b-kvt\-lnbpw DXvIr-jvSm-i-b-\p-amb At±-lsØ am¿]m∏Ign-™m¬ ItØm-en-°m-k-`-bn¬ D∂-X-ÿm\w hln-°p∂ t]m∏-Km¥ Xncp-kw-L-Øns‚ A≤y-£-\m-bn-cp∂tP ymhm\n I¿±n-\mƒ knan-tbm\n “kpdn-bm\n°mcpsSt\Xmhv” F∂v A`n-kw-t_m-[\w sNø-Ø-°-h◊w At±-l-Øns‚ k¿∆-P-\-k-Ω-Xn,kzm¿∞w shSn-™p≈ s]mXp-°m-cy-]-k‡n, bp‡n-bp-‡hpw kc-f-tIm-a-f-hp-ambem‰n≥ `mjm-c-N-\m-]m-ShwapX-emb KpW-]u-jvI-ey-߃-A-t±lØns‚ teJ-\-]-c-º-c-I-fn¬ ]Xn-_nw-_n®p ImWm-
am-bn-cp-∂p.\Sp-anwI£n°p \n
b-a-km-[pX e`n-®Xv a™p-tΩ¬ h®v Ze-Km-Z-∏-kvtXm-en°m AbqØn Xncp-a-\-nse au\m-\p-hm-Z-tØm-Sp-IqSnBbn-cp-∂p-h-s√m. AXns‚Ahn-X¿°nX t\Xmhv hmg-°pfw hen-b-ho- n¬ Koh¿§okvIØm-\mcpw AXns‚ A`n-hr-≤n-°p-th-≠n Bim-¥-a-im¥w ]cn-i-an-®-h-\mb kwL-S-\m-Im-cy-Z¿in ]pXp-t»-cn -]u-temkv A®\pw Bbn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw \mw D]cn I≠p-h-t√m. B kwL-S-\-bn¬ a≤y-tI-c-f-Ønse Aº-tXmfw CS-h-I-I-fn¬ \n∂p 48 sshZn-Icpw AX-Xs∂ Aƒta-\n-]-h-ccpw tN¿∂n-cp-∂p-sh∂pw]utem-k-®s‚ Ub-dn-bn¬\n∂v hnZn -X -am -Ip -∂p -≠v .F∂m¬ Koh¿§o-k-®s‚ tcJm-k-ap-®-b-Øn¬ sshZo-I-cpsS t]cp-Iƒ Ipdn-s®-Sp-Øn-´p≈ IS-emkv amXta I≠p-In- n-bn- p-≈q. Aƒta-\n-I-fpsSt]cp-Iƒ A¬ l¿÷n-I-fn¬ \n∂p Ipdn-®p-sh-bv°m≥hn´p-t]m-b-Xm-bn-cn°mw Ah\jvS-s∏-´-Xn-\p≈ Imc-Ww.sshZo-I¿ Iq´m-ambn ap‡ym¿]-Xw Fgp-Xn-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xm-bn, Ah¿ H∏n- n- p≈ IS-em-p-I-fn¬ \n∂pw ImWmw. Nne-cpsS ap‡ym¿]-X-ß-fn¬,]pXp-Xmbn ÿm]n-°-s∏-Sp∂hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-I-fn¬ H∂n¬ÿm\-sam-gn-™n-cn-°p∂ hcm-∏pg kmlm-b-sa-Xm≥ am¿
a¿k-eo-t\m-kns\ \nb-an-°m≥At]-£n-°-Wsa∂pw a‰pNne-cpsS kΩ-Xn-Zm-\-]-X-ß-fn¬ \m´p-Im-cmb I¿Ω-eoØsshZo-Isc CS-h-I-]-≈n-I-fp-sS-taepw Im¿ΩnI sshZo-I-cpsStaep≈ A[n-Im-c-]-I-S-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm-°p∂Xn\vl¿Pn-I-fn¬ kqN-\-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cn-°-W-sa∂pw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. F∂m¬, Gh-cp-sSbpw k¿∆-]-[m-\-hp-amb]m¿ØnXw anw ÿm]-\-am-bn-cp-∂p. kwL-Øns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-Øn-te°p amkw-tXmdpwHmtcm Ip¿∫m\ Koh¿§o-k-®s‚ Dt±-im-\p-k-cWw sNm√m-sa∂p sshZo-I-cn¬ an°-t]cpw kΩ-Xn-®n-cp-∂-XmbpwtcJ-bp-≠v. ap‡ym¿]-Xn-I-I-fpsS icn-]-I¿∏v Koh¿§o-k-®s‚ tcJm-kw-ln-X-bn¬ \ns∂-Sp-Øp Xmsg tN¿°p∂p.
_. hen-b-ho- n¬ Koh¿§o-k-®\p Xmsg-t]-sc-gpXnH∏n- n-cn°p-∂-h¿ Fgp-Xn-s°m-Sp-Øn-cn-°p∂ A[n-Im-c-]-Xw.
ip≤-am\ knwlm-k\w \ap-°mbn Ct∏mƒ c≠phnIm-cn-bmØp ÿm]n-®n- p-≈-Xn¬ H∂p hSs° A‰Øpwa‰Xp sXt° A‰Øpw Bbn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ \Sp-`m-K-°m-cmb \ap°v \ntbm-Kn-®n-cn-°p∂ KpW-߃ kn≤n-∏m≥Akm-≤y-am-bn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. Ct∏mƒ Nß-\m-t»-cn -bn¬ saXm-k\w Dd-∏n-°p-∂Xv FX-amXw _p≤n-ap- n-\n-S-bm-bn-cn-°pw. IqSmsX ]≈n-
s^_p-hcn 201332
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
h-Ibpw Z¿i-\-h-Ibpw Bbn-´p≈ apX-en¬ \msem∂pw ] -°m-cn¬ \n∂pw P\-ß-fn¬\n∂pw a‰pw hcn-∏-Whpw ]ncn-°p∂ Imcy-Øn¬ hfsc Ie-l-Øn\pw Ak-am-[m-\-Øn\pw CS-h-cp-∂Xp IqSmsX]≈n-I-fn¬ s]cp-∂mƒ apS-ßp-∂-Xn\pw ioiva h¿≤n-°p-∂-Xn\pw IqsS Imc-W-am-Ip-∂p. CXp-sIm-≠p≈ Rß-fpsS k¶-Shpw \Sp-`m-KØvHt∂m ct≠m an-߃ ÿm]n®p In´p-∂-Xn-\p≈ At]-£bpw th≠p∂ \ymb-߃ImWn®p Xncp-knw-lm-k-\-Ønepw a‰-[n-Im-c-ÿm-\-ß-fn-epw _. A®≥ l¿Pn-Iƒ FgpXn Rß-fpsS t]cpw H∏pwh®v t_m[n -∏n -°p -∂-Xn\pR߃ At]-£n-°p-∂p. Imcy -km≤yw hcp -∂-Xp -hscFX ]mhiyw thW-sa-¶nepwSn l¿Pn-Iƒ Rß-fpsS t]cpwH∏pw h®p t_m[n-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\p _. A®-\p- ]q¿Æ A[n-Im-chpw kzmX-¥yhpw R߃ F√mhcpw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpwkza-\-m-sebpw \n¿_‘wIqSm-sXbpw Xcp-∂p.
hen-b-ho-´n¬ Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿
A≤y-£≥, hmg-°pfw1. ]pXp-t»cn ]utemkv IØ-\m¿
kwLS\m skI- -dn, ]pØ≥]≈n2. ]pXp-t»cn iucym¿ IØ-\m¿,
]pØ≥]≈n3. apt™en butk∏v IØ-\m¿,
]pØ≥]≈n4. ]pfn-°-em≥ butk∏v IØ-\m¿,
tNcm-a-√q¿
5. thg-∏-d-ºn¬ butk∏v, IØ-\m¿, Im™q¿
6. aW-hm-f≥ (Nn-d-°¬) ]utem kvIØ-\m¿, IØn-b-tXmSv
7. am\m-S≥ K¿∆m-kov IØ-\m¿,Be-ßmSv
8. ]ø-∏n≈n tk_-kvXym-t\mkvIØ-\m¿, Idp-Ip‰n
9. tImbn-°c butk∏v IØ-\m¿,Ing-°-ºew
10.sh´n-°p-g-®m-en¬ h¿°n IØ-\m¿, hmg-°pfw hnImcn
11. FS-∏-g -Øn¬ bmt°m_vIØ\m¿, hmg-°pfw
12. \ºym-]-d-ºn¬ aØmbn IØ-\m¿,hmg-°pfw
13. \ºym-]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿, hmg-°pfw
14. sh´p-I-√pw-]p-dØv butk∏vIØ-\m¿, hmg-°pfw
15. \ºym-]-d-ºn¬ bmt°m_v IØ-\m¿, hmg-°pfw
16. D∏p-ho-´n¬ h¿°n IØ-\m¿,Imc-°p∂w
17. Ggm-\n-°m´v bmt°m_v IØ-\m¿, \mI-∏pg
18. ta°p-t∂¬ aØmbn IØ-\m¿,\mI-∏pg
19. Imh-\-amen butk∏v IØ-\m¿,Ipdp-∏pw-]Sn
20. ]≈n-hm-Xp-°¬ A¥-tbmvIØ-\m¿, tImX-aw-Kew
21. Hmen-b-∏p-dØv butk∏v IØ-\m¿, tImX-aw-Kew
22.tN‰qcv aØmbn IØ-\m¿, s]cn-ßg
23.I√d bmt°m_v IØ-\m¿, \o≠-Ic hnImcn
24.ta\m-t®cn butk∏v IØ-\m¿,ae-bm-‰q¿ A. hnImcn
25.Ipcn-in-¶¬ butk∏v IØm-\m¿,I≠-\mSv
26.Im\m´p aØmbn IØ-\m¿
tIm¥p-cpØn27. tXm -Øn¬ aØmbn IØ-\m¿28.Ccp-º≥ Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿29.hS-t°¬ Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿,
hSIc30.apf-t°¬ A_mlw IØm-\m¿31. sXt°-∏p-dØv aymen¬ h¿°n
IØ-\m¿32.hnX-b-Øn¬ butk∏v IØ-\m¿,
]pØ≥]≈n33. sIm®p-ap- Øp aØmbn IØ-\m¿,
abn¬s°mºv34.Np≈n butk∏v IØ-\m¿, h√w35. tXm´p-¶¬ butk∏v IØ-\m¿,
Ing-°-ºew36. dmØ-∏n-≈n¬ tbml-∂m≥ IØ-
\m¿, hmg-°pfw37.hfhn Ipcym-t°mkv IØ-\m¿,
Fd-Wm-Ipfw38. I≠-Øn¬ h¿§okv IØ-\m¿,
sNºv39. ap√-t°cn Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿,
ssh°w40. sIm®o-°p-t∂¬ Koh¿§okv
IØ-\m¿, Bc-°pg41. Ad-bv°¬ BK-kvXn -t\mkv
IØ-\m¿, hS-Ic42.Ipco-Ø-S-Øn¬ h¿§okv IØ-
\m¿, Bc-°pg43.C√n-°¬ bmt°m_v IØ-\m¿
t]mØm-\n-°mSv hnImcn44.hmcn-°m´v bmt°m_v IØ-\m¿,
apX-e-t°mSw hnImcn45.hS-t»cn bmt°m_v IØ-\m¿,
s\ø-t»cn46.Bdm-t©cn butk∏v IØ-\m¿,
Im°q¿47.tXh¿°p-t∂¬ Ipcym-t°mkv
IØ-\m¿, ]hn-Øm\w48.Rmb-∏n-ffn butkt∏ IØ-\m¿,
hS-bm¿ hnImcn
v
s^_p-hcn 201333
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
A`n-hµy Znhy-io-am-
\mb hen-b-ho- n¬ Koh¿§okv
IØ-\m¿ Ah¿Iƒ Xs‚
P∑-tZ-i-amb hmg-°p-fØv I¿
Ω-¬-sIm-th-¥-tbmSp tN¿∂p-
≠m-bn-cp∂ hnim-e-amb skan-
\mcn sI´n-S-Øn¬ Xma-k-ap-d-
∏n-®p-sIm≠pw \Sp-anw I£n-
bpsS t\XrXzw hln-®p-sIm
≠pw \Sp-anw AYhm Fd-
Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-bm-Øns‚
ÿm]-\m¿∞w 1891 Bcw- -Øn-
emWv ]h¿Ø\w Bcw- n-®-Xv.
1890 Unkw-_¿ 4 \v a≤y-tI-c-
f-Øn-ep≈ F√m CS-h-I-I-fp-
sSbpw hnIm-cn-am¿ am¿]m∏
apX-embn F√m Dss®-ÿn-X-
cmb sshZn-Im-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ°pw
Ab® Hcp l¿Pn-bn¬ \Sp-
anw ÿm]-\-sØ-∏‰n _e-am
bn hmZn-®n-´p≠v F∂Xp hm
kvX-h-am-Wv. ]s£ Cu l¿Pn
tIm´bw hnImcn A∏-kvtXm-
en°m Bbn-cp∂ tUmIvS¿
eho-™v, \mw ap≥ A≤ym-b-
Øn¬ I≠-Xp-t]mse _lp-
am-\y -\mb Koh¿§o-k-®s\
A\ym-b-ambn ]pØ≥]≈n
skan-\m-cn-bnse A≤ym-]\
]oT-Øn¬ \n∂p-am-‰n-b-Xp-sIm-
≠p-≠mb Hcp ]Xn-tj[ l¿
Pn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CXn¬ ]kw-
K-h-im¬ ]pXnb hnImcnbm
Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-bmØv ÿm]n-∏m-\p≈
l¿Pn-Iƒ
Øp Imcyw-IqsS ]d-bp-∂p-s≠-
t∂-bp-≈q.
Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-
bm Øp ÿm]n-°m-\p≈ H∂m-
asØ l¿Pn 1891 emWv Fgp-
X-s∏-´-Xv. Koh¿§o-k-®≥ \Sp-
anw I£n-bpsS t\Xm-sh∂
\ne-bn¬ Fgp-Xnb H∂m-a
sØ Cu l¿Pn s]mXp-P-\-
ß-fpsS hI-bm-bn-´p≈Xmbn-
cp-∂p. AXv 1891 s^_p-hcn
24 \pw Xncp-knw-lm-k-\-Øn-
te°v Ab-°-s∏- p. kwL-S\m
skI- -dn-bpsS B”n-I-°p-dn-
∏n¬ I≠Xp-t]mse l¿Pn-
bn¬ Aº-Xn¬]cw ]≈nIfn
¬ \n∂v Aº-tXmfw CS-hI
]am-Wn-Iƒ H∏n-´n-cp-∂p. B
l¿Pn-bpsS icn-]I¿∏v Koh¿
§o-k-®s‚ ssI∏-S-bn¬ Xs∂-
bp≈ \°-en¬ \n∂p Xmsg
]I¿Øp-∂p.
l¿Pn \º¿ 1
Petitio Populi
Sanctissimo patri nostro
Papae, Leoni XIII
Sanctissime Pater,
Nos infrascripti primores
Ecclesiaram, quaesunt in septentr-
ionali parte vicariatus Kottayam-
ensis humiliter petimus a S. Sede,
ut nos a dicto Vicariatu Kottayam-
ensi separet, et novum nobis
Vicariatum instituat. Nostra haec
firmis rationibus fulcitur.
1. Postquam syromalabar
enses Catholici in dous Vicariatus
divisi sunt, nostra conditio deterior
facta est. Nam a tempore bonae
memoriae Archiepiscopi Bernardini
usque and ritualem separationem
syromalabaresium a Latinis, illis
quatuor sacerdotes ex Tertio
Ordine Carmelitarum Excalceato-
rum selecti prae0erant in quatuor
partibus sue Provinciae et hoc
multum conferebatur in commune
bonum. Postquam bono, in duos
Vicariatus divisi sunt, ii qui sunt in
medio inter Trichurensam et
Kottayamensem Vicariatus, nempe
illi qui australi, nos qui septentrionali,
in pejus malum incidimus. Non nisi
periculoso et sumptuoso itinere
possumus adire Vicarium Apost-
olicum Kottayam; nunc etiam
audimus, mansionem, Vicari
Apostolici in Changanassery esse
mytatam, nobis fere inaccesibilis
locus, itinere trium dierum distans.
Non hanemus bicviam ferream et
vaporeos currus. inde non est fac-
ile nobis adire Vacarium Aposto-
licum, nec ipost nos adire. Kotta-
yam Vicariatus ita creber et amplius
est ut in duos dividi possit.
2. Ex hac divisione multa
bona eveniet; (1) Propagtio fidei
facilior erit et ejusdem conservatio
securior. (2) Efficacior cautio a
schismate (3) Crescet numberus
ecclesiarum guod hic in multis locia
desideratur. (4) Docirina Christiana
s^_p-hcn 201334
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
melius tradetur. (5) De educatione
bona morumque honestate Chris-
tianis cautum erit; quia perdifficile
est uni Vicario Apostolico tantae
multitndini hominum eloco tam
dissito providere.
3. Vica. Apostolicus polest
haberi, si enimadabitur Nobis
Rev’mus Marcellinus A.S. Teresia,
Epis: Coadjutor Archiepiscopi
Verapoly et noster ax-Antistes, et
nos illum libentissime maximo
perfusi gaudio excipiemus.
4. Civitas Muvattupuzha
est locus uti nobis vedetur idoneus
unde novus Vicariatus nomen
accipiat; ex quatuor partibus viae
publicae ea conveniunt. Flumen
Muvattupuzha quod civitati
nomen dedit eam alluit. Ibidem
sunt nosocomium, magistratus,
securitatis urbabae custodia et re-
rum venalium forum.
5. Eccolesiae quae aedem
civitati congrui possunt:-
Parur North
Kandanad
Pudiacavu
Diamper
Tripunithura
Kurupumpady
Karakunnam
Kothamangalam
Pothanicadu
Elanji
Tenamcunnu
Neichery
Ramapuram
Kadanadu
Pravithanam
thalayolaparambu
Alangadu
Mutholapuram
Komturuthy
Marika
Edapally
Muvattupuzha
Kalur
Mailkombu
Mulcolam
Puthenpally
Parur South
Vadakara
Ernakulam
Kishcambalam
Alwaye
Chionangamvely
Cheranallur
Marangattupally
Narakel
Cengnad
Arakuzha
Peringazha
Vazhakulam
Vallam
Nagappuzha
6. In vicariatu Kottayam
sunt 103 ecclesiae parochiales et
plusquam quinguaginta capellae ut
in Directorio Catholico Madras
describuntur, Ex tam ingenti
numero iterum substrahi possunt
ecclesiae et ad ecclesias in no. V.
descritas addi.
Tandem Apostolicam
benedictione efflagitantes cum
fiducia et omnimoda subjectione
S Sedi debita subscribimus.
Pres. Georgius Valiyaveettil
(Pres)
Pres. Paulus Puthuchery
(Sccret)
Vazhakulam, Verapoly, Cochin
24th February 1891
ae-bmfw ]cn- mj
l¿Pn \º¿ 1
s]mXp-P-\-ß-fpsS At]£
]cn-ip≤ ]nXmhv 13˛mw
setbm am¿]m∏ Xncp-a-\-n
se Xr∏m-Z-k-a-£w,
tIm´bw hnIm-cn -bm-
Øns‚ hS-°p- m-K-Øp ÿnXn-
sN-øp∂ CS-h-I-I-fnse tbmK-
]-am-Wn-Iƒ ‡ym-Z-c-]p-c-cw
t_m[n-∏n-°p∂ At]£
Rßsf tIm´bw hn
Im-cn-bm-Øn¬ \n∂p hnSp¿
Øn, Hcp ]pXnb hnIm-cn-bm
Øv ÿm]n®v AhnsS tN¿°-
W-sa∂p Xncp-knw-lm-k-\-
tØmSp `‡ym-Z-c-]p-c-cw
A`y¿∞n-°p-∂p. AXn-\mbn
]_-e-ß-fmb ImcW-߃
R߃ Xmsg Nq≠n-°m-Wn-
®p-sIm-≈p-∂p.
1. ae-_m¿ kndn-b≥
ItØm-en-°-cmb R߃ C
t∏mƒ c≠p hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-I-
fn-embn hn`Pn-°-s∏-´-Xns‚
tijw apºn-e-sØ-°mƒ ]cn-
Xm-]-I-c-amb ÿnXn-bn-em-bn-
Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂p. F¥p-sIm-
s≠-∂m¬, `mKy-kva-c-Wm¿l-
\mb _¿Æ¿±o-t\mkv saXm-
t∏m-eo-Øm-bpsS Imew XpS-
ßn. ae-_m¿ kndn-b≥ ItØm-
en-°cpw eØo≥ ItØm-en-°-
cp-ambn doØp hn -P\w \S-∂-
Xp-hsc cq]-X-bpsS \mep-
`mKßfpw I¿Ω-eoØm aq
∂mw -k- -°m-cn¬ ka¿∞-∑m-
cpsS ta¬t\m- -Øn¬ Ah¿
s^_p-hcn 201335
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
`cn-°-s∏-´p-h-∂p. AXp-sIm-
≠p-X∂ ]e KpW-ß-fp-ap-≠m-
bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ `qcn-Kp-W-
Øn-\p-th≠n Ah¿ c≠m bn
hn -Pn-°-s∏- -t∏mƒ tIm´ bw,
Xriq¿ F∂ hnIm-cn-bm-Øp-I-
fpsS at≤y ÿncn-sN-øp-∂-h-
cmb Rß-fpsS Imcyw ]q¿
t∆m-]cn timN-\o-b-ambn Xo¿
∂p. B]-∂n_nUhpw hymb-
I-c-hp-amb bmXm-I-gn-®-√msX
tIm´-b-sØØn hn. A∏-
kvtXm-en-°msb ImWp-hm≥
km[n-°-bn-√. Ct∏mƒ hn. A∏-
kvtXm-en-°m-bpsS Bÿm\w
Nß-\m-t»cn°p am‰m≥ t]m
Ip-∂p-sh∂p tIƒ°p-∂p. B
ÿew R߃°p Zp¿§-a-am-
Wv. aq∂p-Zn-h-ksØ hgn \S-
∂mse AhnsS sNs∂-Øp-I-
bp-≈q. R߃°n-hnsS Xoh-
≠nbpw Imdpw C√. hn. A∏-
kvtXm-en-°mbv °p Rß-fpsS
]°epw R߃°v At±-l-
Øns‚ ]°epw sN√m≥
]bm-k-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. tIm´
bw hnIm-cn-bmØv c≠mbn
hn` -P n -° -s∏ -S -Ø-° -hÆw
AX-h-en-∏hpw hnkvXo¿Æ-X-
bp-ap-≈-Xm-Wv.
2. Cu hn[w c≠mbn
hn`-Pn-°-s∏Sp∂-Xp-sIm≠v
hfsc KpW-߃ ssIh-cm-\p-
≠v. (a) hnizmk ]Nm-c-W-
Øns‚ kpI-c-Xbpw AXns‚
`Z-X-c-amb kwc-£-W-hpw. (b)OnZvaßsf D®m-S\w sNøm-
\p≈ Ffp-∏w. (c) ChnsS A
Xym-h-iy-am-bn-cn-°p∂ ]≈nI
fpsS h¿≤-\-hv. (d) aX-]-T\w
\∂mbn \S-°p-∂-Xn -\p≈
D]m-[n. (e) Btcm-Ky-]-c-amb
hnZym-`ymkw k∑m¿§-\-S-]-Sn-
Iƒ Ch-bpsS ]ptcm-K-a-\w.
CXbpw Imcy-߃ kpI-c-am-
bn-Øo-cpw. Hcp tae-≤y-£\v
CX-hn-Zq-c-amb ÿe-Øn-cp-∂p-
sIm≠v CX-b-[nIw Bfp-
Isf Imcy-£-a-ambn `cn-°p-
hm≥ km≤ya-√-X-s∂.
3. Hcp hn. A∏-kvtXm-
en-°m-sa-Xms\ Ffp∏w I≠p-
]n-Sn-°p-hm≥ km[n-°pw. hcm-
∏pg saXm-]-t]m-eo-Øm-bpsS
klm-bnbpw Ct∏mƒ ÿm\-
sam-gn-™n-cn-°p∂ RßfpsS
]gb hn. A∏-kvtXm-en-°m
bpw Bb tUmIvS¿ a¿k-eo-
k-t\mkv _cm¿Zn Zvkm¥-
tXkym saXm s\ ]. knwlm-
k\w R߃°p Xcp-sa-¶n¬
R߃ kt¥m-j-`-cn-X-cmbn
At±-lsØ kzoI-cn -°p-∂
-Xm-Wv.
4. ]pXnb hnIm-cn-bm-
Øns‚ Xe-ÿm\ambn k¿h
[m tbmPn-®-Xmbn R߃°p
tXm∂p∂Xv aqhm-‰p-]p-g-bm-
Wv. B \ma-t[-b-Øn\v Imc-
W-amb aqhm-‰p-]p-g-bm¿ ] -W-
Øns‚ \Sp-hn¬IqSn Hgp--Ip-
∂p. \mep- m-K-Øp-\n∂pw cmP-
]m-X-Iƒ h∂v AhnsS IqSp-
∂p-≠v. AhnsS aPn-kvtS´pI-
t®-cn, knhn¬, Inan-\¬ tImS-
Xn -Iƒ, t]meokv tÃj≥,
Bip-]-Xn, N¥ apX-emb
ÿm]-\-ßfpw D≠v.
5. tIm´bw hnIm-cn-bm-
Øn¬ 103 ]≈n-Ifpw 50 ¬]cw
It∏-f-I-fp-ap-≠v. (a-Zmkv Ub-
d-IvS-dn) Cu henb kwJy-bn¬
\n∂pw Xmsg-∏-d-bp∂ CS-h-I-
∏-≈n-Isf \n¿±njvS hnIm-cn-
bm-Øns‚ Iogm-°mw.
1. ]d-hq¿
2. ]pØ≥]-ffn
3. I≠-\mSv
4. ]pXn-b-Imhv
5. DZ-bw-t]-cq¿
6. Xr∏q-Wn-Øpd
7. Xe-tbm-e-∏-dºv
8. tIm¥p-cpØn
9. Nß-\mSv
10. Fd-Wm-Ipfw
11. CS-∏≈n
12. sNmW-ßpw-then
13. h√w
14. tNcm-\-√q¿
15. Ing-°-ºew
16. Im°p∂w
17. Ipdp-∏pw-]Sn
18. tImX-aw-Kew
19. t]mØm-\n-°mSv
20. Be-ßmSv
21. apf-°pfw
22. hS-Ic
23. amdnI
24. Ce-™n
25. Bc-°pg
26. s]cn-ßg
27. aqhm-‰p-]pg
28. hmg-°pfw
29. Ieq¿
s^_p-hcn 201336
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
30. ssae-s°mºv
31. \mI-∏pg
32. sX\w-Ip∂v
33. s\ø-t»cn
34. cma-]pcw
35. IS-\mSv
36. ]hn-Ø\w
37. ac-ßm- p-]≈n
38. apX-e-t°mSw
39. sX. ]d-hq¿
40. Rmd-°¬
41. Beph
hen-b-ho- n¬ Koh¿§okv I.
]pXp-t»-cn¬ ]utemkv I.
hmg-°p-fw, hcm-∏p-g, sIm®n,
ae-_m¿
1891 s^_p-hcn 24
Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-
bmØv ÿm]n-∏m-\p≈ l¿Pn-
Ifpw ]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw Koh¿
§o-k-®≥ Bcw-`n-®Xpw Ah-
km-\n-∏n-®Xpw Bdv sIm√-°m-
e-tØmfw (1890˛96) Xs‚ P∑-
tZ-i-amb hmg-°p-f-Øv, I¿Ω
¬ sImth-¥-bpsS sX°p-
hfw ÿnXn sNbvXn-cp-∂Xpw
Hgn-hm-bn-°n-S-∂Xp (1897 sem
as‰m A·n-°n-c-bm-b-Xp) amb
hnime skan-\mcn sI´n-S -
Øn¬ Xma-kn-®p-sIm-≠mWv
F∂p-≈Xv kva¿Ø-hy-am-Wv.
tIm´-b-Øn\pw Xr»n-h-t]-cq-
cn\pw at≤y Hcp hnIm-cn-bm
Øp ÿm]n -°-W-sa -∂p≈
\Sp-anw I£n-bpsS ][m-
t\m-t±-i-kn-≤n-°m-bn, Koh¿§o-
k-®≥ 4 l¿PnIƒ 13˛mw se
tbm am¿]m∏ Xr∏m-Z-ß-fnepw;
2 l¿Pn-Iƒ s]m∏-Km¥ Xncp-
kw-Lm-≤y-£-cmb I¿±n-\mƒ
kna-tbm\n Ah¿Iƒ°pw
1892 \p tijw At±-l-Øns‚
A\-¥-c-\mb I¿±n-\mƒ Fw.
eZ-t°m-hnkvXn Ah¿Iƒ
°pw; ss]jn-X-knw-lm-k-\-
Øns‚ ]uckvXy C¥y-bnse
]am-Wn-I-fmb tam¨. Abq-
Øn, tam¨. ktekvXn F∂
saXm-t∏m-eo-Øm-am¿°mbn 4
l¿Pn-Ifpw Cßs\ ][m-\-
ambn 11 l¿Pn-Iƒ 1890 apX¬
1894 Dƒs∏sS \mep-h¿j-Øn-
\p-≈n¬ Ab-®p- p-≠v. am¿]m-
∏m-bp-sS-Xmbn t]m∏-Km¥
Xncp-kw-L-Øn¬ \n∂v c≠p-
a-dp-]Sn Iev]-\-Ifpw Ze-KmZv
A∏-kvtXm-en-°m-bptSXmbn
c≠p adp-]-Sn-Ifpw Cßs\
\mep adp-]-Sn-Ifpw Koh¿§n-k-
®\p t\cn´p In´n-bn- p-≠v. Htc
Bi-b-ap≈ Nne l¿÷n-Iƒ
hn´n- p-≠v. l¿Pn-I-fpsS Ime-
I-a-a-\p-k-cn®p XmsgtN¿
°p-∂p.
1. 1891 s^_p-hcn 24˛ am¿]m
∏ Xr∏m-Z-߃°v
2. 1891 HmKÃv 1˛am¿]m∏ Xr∏m-
Z-߃°v
3. 1891 HmKÃv 1˛s]m. Xncp-
kw-L-Øn\v
4. 1981 sk]v‰w-_¿ 15˛s]m.
Xncp-kwLw 1218˛mw \º¿
adp-]Sn
5. 1891 sk]v‰w-_¿ 28˛tam¨.
AbqØn Xncp-a-\-kn\v
6. 1891 \hw-_¿ 23˛s]m. Xncp-
kw-L-Øns‚ 1577˛mw- \-º¿
2˛mw adp-]Sn
7. 1892 Pqsse 8˛am¿]m∏ Xncp-
a-\-n-te°v
8. 1892 Pqsse 8˛s]m. Xncp-
kw-L-Øn\v
9. 1893 HIvtSm-_¿ 20˛am¿]m∏
Xncp-ta\n°v
10. 1893 HIvtSm-_¿ 20˛tam¨.
kte-kvXn°v
11. 1893 \hw-_¿ 13˛tam¨.
kte-kvXn°v adp-]Sn
12. 1894 am¿®v 30˛tam¨. kte-
kvXn°v
13. 1894 G]n¬ 2˛tam¨.
kte-kvXn-bpsS adp-]Sn
14 . 1894 BKÃv 5˛tUm.
eho™p Xncp-a-\-n-te°v
15. 1896 sk]v‰w-_¿ 30˛tam¨.
kte-kvXn°v
Koh¿§okv IØ-\m¿
Ah¿I-fpsS BZ¿i-ip-≤n,
kzm¿∞-cm-ln-Xyw, kXy-\n-jvT,
B¿÷-hw, k¿thm-]cn ssZ
h-`-‡n, ]`rXn KpW-]u-jvI-
ey-߃ C teJ-\-ß-fn-sems°
]Xn-_n-_n®p ImWm-am-bn-cp-
∂p. Cu KpW-ß-fmWv A[n-
Im-c-ÿm-\-ßsf kwXr-]vX-am-
°n-bXpw At±-l-Øns‚ ]m
¿∞n-X-Øn\v ^e-kn≤n D≠m-
°n-bXpw At±-l-Øn\v Fd-
Wm-Ipfw hnIm-cn-bm-Øns‚
“P\-bnXm” sh∂p ≈ _ncp-
Z-\maw e`n-∏m-\p≈ mK-t[bw
ssIh-cp-Øn-b-Xpw.
v
s^_p-hcn 201337
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
1887 sabv amkw 20˛mw
Xob-Xn-bnse ]cn-ip≤ knw
lm-k-\-Øns‚ Iev]-\-b-\p-
k-cn-®m-Wt√m tIm -bw, Xr»q
¿ F∂o cq]-X-Iƒ P∑-sa-Sp-
Ø-Xv. tIm´bw cq]-Xbv°v
eho™v saXm-\pw, Xr»q¿ cq
]-Xbv°v saU-en-t°m´v sa
Xm\pw \nb-an-X-cmbn. Cu
tim-k-`-°m-c-\mb eho™v
saXms\ \nb-an-®Xv am∂m\w
I£n-°m-cpsS A`y¿∞\ A
\p-k-cn-®p-am-bn-cp-∂p. c≠p i
Xm–Øn-e-[nIw kpdn-bm-\n-
°msc cn-®n-cp∂ I¿Ω-eo-Øm-
°m-cpsS `cWw Cßn-\n-h-cm-
Ø-hÆw Ah-km-\n-°p-Ibpw
sNbvXp. Cu kmlN-cy-Øn-
emWv ]Øp-h¿jw kpdn-bm-\n-
°msc cn®ph∂ a¿kn-en-t\m
kv saXm≥ bmsXm-c-[n-Im-c-
hp-an-√msX hcm-∏pg \m-a-am-X
saXm-\m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. hmg-°p
fw henb ho´n¬ Koh-dp-Ko-k-
®≥ hcm-∏p-g-I-£n-°m-cpsS
t\Xm-hp-X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
a¿kn-en-t\mkv saXm\pw A
t±-l-Øns‚ ]i-kvX-in-jy-
cn¬ Hcp-h-\m-bn-cp∂ Ct±-
lhpw XΩn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ Kp
cp-in-jy-_‘w kpZr-V-hp-am-
bn-cp-∂p.
CXp-hsc kpdn-bm-\n-
°m-cpsS `c-W-tIµw hcm-∏p-
g-bm-bn-cp-∂-t√m. t]m¿´p-Ko-kp-
Im-cpsS `c-W-Øn-\p -apºv
AXv A¶-am-en-bm-bn-cp-∂p.
Cu c≠p -ÿm-\-ßfpw kpdn-
bm-\n-°m¿ A[n-h-kn-°p∂
]tZ-i-ß-fpsS a≤y-ÿm-\-ß-
fm-Wv. ]pXnb hyh-ÿnXn \ne-
hn¬ h∂-tXmsS kpdn-bm-\n-
°m-cpsS A[n-hm-k-ÿm-\-ß-
fpsS AXn¿Øn-I-fmb Xr»q
cpw tIm -bhpw saXm-k-\-ß-
fm-bn-Øo¿∂p. Ime-I-a-Øn¬
eho-™p saXm≥ Xs‚ B
ÿm\w tIm´-b-Øp-\n∂pw
Nß-\m-t»-cn°p am‰n-b-t∏mƒ
kpdn-bm\n ItØm-en-°¿ hkn-
°p-∂-Xns‚ sXt° AXn¿
Øn-bn-em-bn-cp∂p saXm-k-\w.
Cu c≠p -cq-]-X-I-tfbpw Xncn-
®n-cp-∂Xv Bep-hm-∏pg (s]-cn-
bm¿) Bbn-cp-∂p. 1887 P\p-h-
cn-bn¬ _m•q-cn¬ sZe-Km-Z-∏-
kvtXm-en° tam¨: A√n-bm¿
Zn hnfn-®p-Iq-´nb kp\l-tZm-
kn¬ hcm-∏pg saXm-t∏m-eo-
Øm-bpw, a‰p-≈-hcpw Bh-iy-
s∏-´Xv hcm-∏pg cq]-XbpsS
hnkvXr-Xn-sIm≠v AXns\ aq
∂mbn Xncn-°-W-sa-∂pw, hcm-
∏pg IqSmsX tIm -bhpw Xr
»qcpw Bÿm-\-ß-fm°n th
sd c≠p cq]-XIƒ IqSn th
Wsa-∂p-am-bn-cp∂p. CXns\
A\p-Iq-en -®mWv hen -b-ho -
´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§o-k-®\pw
am°n¬ aØmbn A®\pw kp
dn-bm-\n-°m-cpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-I-
fmbn sZe-KmZv A∏-kvtXm-en-
°m-bpsS ASp-°¬ \nth-Z\w
\S-Øn-b-Xv. AXn-s\-Xn-cmbn
a≤y-`m-K-Øp≠-m-bn-cp∂ cq]-
X kpdn-bm-\n-°m¿°p \n¿Ø-
em°n AhcpsS c≠-Xn¿Øn-
I-fn¬ Hmtcm cq]-X ÿm]n-
X-am-°n. CXv a≤y- m-K-Øp≈
kpdn-bm-\n-°m¿°v hnj-a-ap
≠m-°p∂ Hcp Imcy-am-bn-cp-∂-
t√m. hfsc Ime-ambn A\p- -
hn®p -h -cp∂ kuI-cy -߃
AImc-W-ambn \„-s∏-Sp-tºm
ƒ ]Xn-tj-[-kz-c-߃ D≠m-
IpI kzm`m-hn-I-am-Wv. Cu
Ah-k-c-Øn-emWv Koh¿§o-k-
®≥ Xr»q¿ cq]-Xbv°pw, Nß-
\m-t»cn cq]-Xbv°pw at≤y
aq∂m-a-sXmcp cq]-X thW-sa-
∂m-h-iy-s∏-´-Xv. Cu Bhiyw
G‰hpw bp‡-am-bn -cp -∂p-
sh∂v `mhn-N-cnXw sXfn-bn-
°p-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ At]-
£-]-Imcw a≤y-tZ-i-amb Fd-
Wm-Ip-fØv 1896˛¬ Hcp cq]-
FdWm-Ipfw cq]Xm ÿm]\w
io. H. Fw. h¿§okv Hmen-°-¬ (B.A.B.T., Dip. in B.Ed, Retd. H.M., St. George Training School, Vazhakulam) Fgp-Xnb “hmg-°pfw˛Hcp Ncn-X-ho-£Ww” F∂ KŸ-Øn¬ Fd-Wm-Ipfw cq]Xm ÿm]-\-sØ-°p-dn®pw hen-b-ho- n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m-s\-°p-dn®pw tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p∂ mK-ß-fmWv Xmsg sImSp-Øn-cn-°p-∂-Xv.
s^_p-hcn 201338
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
X A\p-h-Zn-°p-I-bpw, 1923˛¬
kpdn-bm\n lb-cm¿°n ÿm
]n-®-t∏mƒ AXv Ah-cpsS Xe-
ÿm-\-am-Ip-Ibpw sNbvXp.
kpdn -bm\n°mcpsS ]Ya
I¿±n-\m-fns‚ Bÿm-\hpw
Fd-Wm-Ipfw Xs∂-bm-W-t√m.
1890˛¬ Koh¿§o-k-®≥
AºXv ]≈n-I-fnse sshZn-I-
tcbpw P\-t\-Xm-°-tfbpw
kwL-Sn-∏n®v \Sp-an-kw-I£n
F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp kwL-S\
cq]-h¬°-cn-°p-Ibpw AXn
s‚ hnPbw hsc t\XrXzw h
ln®v A≤zm\n°pIbpw sN
bvXp. hcm-∏pg ]pØ≥]≈n
skan -\m -cn -bnse eØo≥
s]m^-kdpw kpdn-bm\n aev
]m-\p-am-bn-cp∂ Ct±lw ]K-
ev`-\mb Hcp A≤ym-]-I\pw
DØ-a-\mb sshZn-I-\p-am-bn-cp-
∂p. 1980 am¿®v 4˛mw XobXn
tIm´bw hnImcn A∏-kvtXm-
en-°-bm-bn-cp∂p tUm.- Nmƒkv
eho-™n¬ \n∂v A]-Xo-£n-
X-amb Hcp Iev]\ Koh-dp-Ko-
k-®\p In´n.
anin-lm-bn¬ _. A®m,
A®≥ ]e h¿j-°m-e-
ambn ]pØ≥]≈n skan-\m-cn-
bn¬ kpdn-bm\n `mj ]Tn-∏n-
®p-h-cp-∂p. s]m -k¿ tPmen
A®≥ \∂mbn t\m°n-sb
∂p km£yw \¬Im≥ Rm≥
k¿∆m-fl\m k∂-≤-\m-Wv.
F∂m¬ ]mT-]-≤-Xn-bn¬ hn
fw-_w-hn\ ]e ]cn-jv°m-c-
ßfpw G¿s∏-Sp-tØ-n-bn-cn-°p-
∂-Xn-\m¬ \mapw \n. h. -Zn
hyio saU-en-t°m´pw A®
s\ s]m^-k¿ tPmen-bn¬
\n∂pw Hgn-hm-°m≥ Xocp-am-\n-
®n-cn-°p-∂p. BI-bm¬ Cu
FgpØv In´n -bm¬ A®\v
skan -\mcn hn´v Bc-°pg
t]mbn Xma-kn-°mw. A®≥
\S-tØ--≠Xmbn Hcp \√ ]≈n
G\-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-hsc s]cn-ßg
It∏-f-bn¬ Akn-kvtX-¥n-
bmbn tPmen t\m°mw. Ahn
sS _p≤n-am-\mb Hcp ] -°m-
cs\ Bh-iy-ap≠v.
Cu. an. Bio¿h-Zn-°p-∂p
(H-∏v) Imd-fqkv Fkv.sP
tIm- bw hnImcn
A∏-kvtXm-en°
KohdpKo-k-®≥ A]-Xo-
£n-X-amb Cu Iev]\ I≠v
B›-cy-]-c-X-¥-\m-bn-Øo¿
∂p. Ct±-lsØ skan-\m-
cnbn¬ \n∂v Hgn-hm-°p-∂-Xn\v
eho™v saXm≥ kzoI-cn®
\S-]-Sn-Iƒ FX _men-i-ß-fm-
bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v B¿°pw t_m
≤y-s∏-Spw. skan-\m-cn-bnse
]mT-]-≤Xn ]cn-jv°-cn-t°≠-n-
bn-cn-°p-∂-Xn-\m¬ ]fin-X-
\mb Hcp s]m -ksd tPmen-
bn¬ \n∂p-t]mepw \o°w
sNø-W-sa∂ Bibw G‰w
hnNn-X-am-bn-cn-°p-∂p. C∂v
hnZym- ym-k-h-Ip∏v ssIImcyw
sNøp-∂-h¿ cm„o-bm-Xn-]-k-
c-Øm¬ ]fin-X-∑m¿°p-]-
Icw cm„o-b-°msc XncpIn
]mT-]-≤Xn ]cn-jvI-cn-°p∂
coXn-tb-°mƒ Xcw-XmW Hcp
\S-]Snbmbn-cp∂p eho™v
saXm≥ kzoI-cn-®-Xv. hcm-∏pg
]pØ-º≈n skan-\m-cn-bnse
`c-W-Øn-tem, ]mT-]-≤-Xn -
bpsS ]cn-jv°-c-W-Øntem
eho™p saXm\pw saU-en-
t°m´p saXm\pw bmsXm-c-[n-
Im-c-hp-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. skan-
\mcn s]m∏-Km-¥m-XncpkwL-
Øn s‚ t\cn -´p≈ `c-W-
Øn≥ Iogn-em-bn-cp-∂p. hcm-
∏pg saXm-t∏m-eoØ am∂m
\w I £n-°msc in£n-®-Xn\p
]I-c-ambn am∂m\w I£n-°m-
cp sS \nth-Z-\- -e-ambn e`n®
Cutim-k-`-°m-c-\mb eho
™v saXms\ sIm≠v Koh-
dp-Ko-k-®s\ in£n∏n®p F∂
Nmcn-Xm¿∞yw am∂m\w I£n-
°m¿°v e`n-®n-cn-°mw. AXn\p
]‰nb Imc-W-ßfpw IqSn D
≠mbn-cp-s∂-¶n¬ B in£
km[q-I-cn-°m-am-bn-cp-∂p.
sa-Xm-s‚ Iev]-\-b-\p-
k-cn®v At±lw \nbp-‡-ÿ-
e-amb s]cn-ß-g-sb-Øn. H∂
camkw Ign-™-t∏mƒ Ah-[n-
sb-SpØv hmg°pfØv h∂v
I¿Ωe skan -\m-cn -s°-´n -S -
Øn¬ Xma-k-am-°n. B skan-
\mcn sI´n-S-Øn¬ Xma-kn-®p-
sIm≠-mWv \Sp-ankw e`n-°p-
∂-Xn-\p-th≠n At±lw ]b-
Xv\n-®-Xpw, ^e-]m-]vXn-bn-se-
Øn-b-Xpw.
ASpØ HtŒm-_¿ am
s^_p-hcn 201339
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
k-Øn¬ sZe-Km-Z-∏-kvtXm-
en° tam¨. AbpØn tIcf
kµ¿i-\m¿∞w a™p-tΩ¬
h∂-t∏mƒ, sshZn-I-cpsS Hcp
]Xn-\n[n kwLw At±-l
sØ kao-]n®v \Sp-ankw Imcy-
Øn¬ Koh-dp-Ko-k-®s\ Xß-
fpsS h‡m-hmbpw t\Xm-
hmbpw AwKo-I-cn-®n-cn-°p-∂-
Xmb Hc[nIm-c-]-XnI (ap-
‡ym¿ ]Xn-I) FgpXn ssI
H∏n´v apZ-sh®v sZe-Km-Zns‚
]°¬ ka¿∏n-®p. s]m´n®p
t\m°n-b-t∏mƒ ae-bm-f-Øn-em-
bn-cp∂ B ]XnI eØo-\n-em-
°n-s°m-≠p-h-cm≥ Koh-dp-Ko-k-
®s\ Gev]n-®p. em‰n≥ hnh
¿Ø\w icn-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-
Ø-tijw, C°m-cy-Øn¬ ]
th-in -°p-∂-Xp-sIm≠v h√
\nb-a-ew-L-\hpw D≠m-Ip-tam-
sb∂v At±lw sZe-KmZn -
t\mSv tNmZn -®p. sZe-KmZv
AXn\v adp-]-Sn-sbm∂pw ]d-
™n-√. au\w A\p-hm-Z-am-bn-
°-cpXn Koh-dp-Ko-k-®≥ \Sp-
ankwI£n t\Xm-hmbn ]h
¿Ø-\-am-cw- n-®p. At±-lsØ
A\p-Iq-en-®n-cp ∂ 48 sshZn-
Icpw ^e-]m]vXn hsc At±-
l-Øns‚ t\Xr-Xz-Øn¬ Dd-
®p-\n-∂p.
KohdpKok-®s\ A
\ym-b-ambpw Ahn-th-I-ambpw
eho™p saXm≥ ÿew am‰n
in£n-®-Xn-s\-∏‰n sshZn-I-cp
sS Hcp k¶-S-l¿Pn ASpØ
Unkw-_-dn¬ am¿∏m∏m Xncp-
ta-\n°pw sZe-KmZ∏-kvtXm-en-
°mbv°pw Ab-®p. tIc-f-
Øns‚ \Sp- m-KØv Hcp cq]-
X A\p-h-Zn®p In´p-hm≥ Xncp-
knw -lm -k-\ -Øn -tebv°pw
a‰pw l¿Pn-Iƒ Ab®p F∂
Imc-W-Øm-emWv Cu in£m
\S-]Sn F∂pw Cu l¿Pn-bn¬
FSp-Øp--]-d-™n-cp∂p.
Koh-dp-Ko-k-®≥ At\
Iw l¿Pn-Iƒ Xncp-knw-lm-k-
\-Øn-te-bv°pw, sZe-KmZ∏-
kvtXm-en-°mbv°pw Ab-®n- p-
≠v. B l¿Pn-Ifn-se√mw ]p
Xnb hnIm-cn-bm-Øn¬ htc≠
]≈n-I-sf-°p-dn®v hnh-cn-®n-
´p≠-v. ]pXnb hnImcnbmØn
s‚ Xe-ÿm\w aqhm-‰p-]pg
Bbn-cn-°-W-sa-∂pw, At±lw
Imcy-Im-c-W-k-lnXw kqNn-∏n-
®n-cp-∂p. IqSmsX ]Øp-h¿jw
kp dn-bm\n°mcpsS saXm-\m-
bn-cp∂ a¿kn-en-t\mkv saXm
s\ AXns‚ A≤y-£-\m-°n-
bm¬ \∂m-bn-cn°psa∂pw
At±lw A`y¿∞n-®n-cp-∂p.
At±-l-Øns‚ l¿Pn-bpsS
^e-ambn Hcp cq]-Xbp≠mbn.
F∂m¬ aq∆m-‰p-]p-g°p ]I
cw Fd-Wm-Ip-f-amWv AXns‚
Bÿm-\-am°n Xnc-s™-Sp-°-
s∏- -Xv. C∂sØ _kven°m
A∂v kpdn-bm\n∏≈n-bmbn
D≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw Fd-Wm-
Ipfw A∂v Hcp eØo≥ tI
µw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp∂p. tIc-f-
Ønse G‰hpw ]enb ]´Ww
tIcf kpdn-bm\n°mcpsS Xe-
ÿm-\-am-Ip-hm≥ CS-bm-bXv
ssZh-]-cn-]m-e\ Xs∂. 1896
Pqsse 28- mw XnbXn Xr»q¿,
Fd-Wm-Ip-fw, Nß-\m-t»cn
F∂o hnIm -cn -bm -Øp -Iƒ
ÿm]n-bv°-s∏-´p. Fd-Wm-Ip
fw cq]-X-bpsS saXm-\mbn \n
b-an-X-\m-bXv eho™p saXm
s‚ skI- -dn-bm-bn-cp∂ ]tg-
] -d -ºn¬ fpbo -k-® -\m -Wv.
At±lw Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂t√m
am∂m\w I£n-bpsS t\Xm-
hpw. saU-en-t°m´p saXms‚
skI-´-dn-bm-bn-cp∂ tbml-
∂m≥ ta\m-t®cn Xr»q¿ cq]-
X-bpsS saXm-\mbpw sX°pw-
`mKw ImcpsS hnIm-cn-P-\-dm-
fm-bn-cp∂ aØmbn am°n¬
Nß-\m-t»cn cq]-X-bpsS
saXm-\mbpw \nb-an-°-s∏- p.
Koh-dp-Ko-k-®s‚ ia- -
e-ambn tdmam-knw-lm-k-\sØ
]_p-≤-am°n Fd-Wm-Ipfw
hnIm-cn-bØv ÿm]n-X-ambn
F∂v tI-cf k`m-N-cn-X-Im-
c\mb ^m.-s_¿Æm¿Zpw ]
fin-X-\mb sF.-kn.- Nm-t°m
bpw a‰p Ncn-X-Im-c-∑mcpw ]
Xn]mZn®n- p≠v. io.-sF.-kn.-Nm-
t°m-bpsS A`n-]mbw Xmsg
sImSp-°p-∂p.
""hnZym- ymkw sIm≠pw kzm[o-
\-i-‡n-sIm≠pw Ch-cn¬ (h-
cm-∏pg I£n-bn¬) AK-Wob
\m-bn-cp-∂Xv hmg-°pfw (A
∂v Bc-°p-g) CS-hI hen-b-
ho-´n¬ Koh-dp-Ko-k-®\mbn-cp-
∂p. At±lw kpdn -bm\n,
s^_p-hcn 201340
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
eØo≥ F∂o `mj-I-fn¬ hnZ
Kv≤\pw, ]pØ≥]≈n skan-
\m-cn-bn¬ kpdn-bm\n aev]m-
\p-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂oSv am¿
aØmbn saXm≥ Bbn-Øo
¿∂ am°n¬ aØmbn A®≥
eho™p saXms‚ hc-hn-\p-
apºv Ct±-l-Øns‚ kl-Im-
cnbpw Bbn-cp-∂p. A°m-e
Øp am°o-e-®≥ a¿kn-en-t\m
kv saXms‚ skI- dn Bbn-
cp -∂-Xn -\m¬ Bÿm-\-h -
im¬ At±lw Cu kl-I-c-
W-Øn\p t]cn-∏n-°-s∏- -Xm-bn-
cn-°mw. CsX-ß-s\-bm-bmepw
eho™p saXms‚ hc-hn-\p-
apºv At±lw hcm-∏p-g-bpsS
]£-Ønepw AXn-\p-tijw
eho-™p-sa-Xms‚ ]£-Øn-ep-
am-bn-cp-∂p.''
""am°o-e-®≥ Cßs\
]ncn-™p-t]m-sb-¶nepw hen-b-
ho-´n¬ Koh-dp-Ko-k-®≥ Xs‚
A`n-]m-b-Øn¬ ÿnc-\m-bn-
Øs∂ \n∂p. Ct±lw A\p-
≤-X\pw ]fin-X\pw Imcy-Im-
cy-hn-th-I-ap-≈-h-\p-am-bn-cp-∂p-
sh∂v \ap°v Adn-bm-hp-∂-Xp-
sIm≠v Ct±-l-Øns‚ DZy-a-
߃ BZ-c-Wo-b-sa∂v Xm≥
hnNm-cn-®n-cp-∂ BZ¿i-ß-fn¬
t]cn-X-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v
\mw hnNm-cn-t°≠-n-bn-cn-°p-
∂p. eho™p saXms‚ hc-
hn-\p-tijw Koh-dp-Ko-k-®≥
tdmam knwlm-k-\-Øn-te-°pw,
Ze-Km-Z-∏-kvtXm-en-°mbv°pw
Abbv°p∂ l¿Pn-I-fn¬
A¥¿ -hn-®n-cn-°p∂ Bibw
a¿kn -en -t\mkv saXm\p
kpdn-bm-\n-°m-cpsS `c-W-Øn
¬ Hcp ÿm\w sImSp-°-W-
sa-∂p-≈-Xm-Wv. kpdn-bm-\n-
°msc hcm-∏pg `c-W-Øn¬
\n∂p hnS ¿Øn-b-Xn-\p-tijw
a¿kn-en-t\m-kvsa-Xm≥ bm
sXm-cp A-[n-Im-c-hp-an-√msX
\ma-am-X-ambn hcm-∏pg saXm-
t∏m-eo-Øm-bpsS klm-b-sa-
Xm-\mbn Pohn-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-
∂p. Xs‚ -_-lp-am\yKpcp-
hmb At±lw Cßs\ Xnc-
kvIr-X-\mbn Pohn-°p-∂Xp
ImWp-∂Xp Koh-dp-Ko-k-®\p
a¿Ω-t`-Z-I-am-bn-cp-∂p-. CXv
A\-`n-e-j-Wo-b-amb Hcp a
t\m-hrØnbm-bncp∂psh∂p
\ap°p ]d-bm≥ \nhr-Øn-bn-
√. Xr»n-h-t]-cqcpw tIm -bhpw
IqSmsX B hnIm-cn-b-Øp-I-
fn¬ \n∂v Hmtcm Awi-߃
tN¿Øp aq∂m-a-Xmbn Hcp
kpdn -bm\n hnIm-cn -bØp
ÿm]n®v AXn¬ a¿kn-en-t\m
kv saXms\ hnImcn A∏-kv
tXm-en-°-bm-bn \nb-an-°-W-sa-
∂m-bn-cp∂p Koh-dp-Ko-k-®s‚
hmZw.
Koh-dp-Ko-k-®≥ Ab®
]e l¿Pn-I-fnepw \mev]-Øn-
sb´p sshZn-I-cpsS t]¿°v
Xm≥ H∏p-sh-bv°p-s∂∂p ]d-
™n- p≠v. Fd-Wm-Ipfw hnIm-
cn-b-Øp-≠m-bXv Koh-dp-Ko-k-
®s‚bpw a‰pw ]e l¿Pn-I-fp
sS ^e-am-bn-´m-sW-∂p-≈Xv
\nw-i-b-am-Wv. F∂m¬ B
hnIm-cn-bØp≠mI-Wsa∂v
Ah¿ hmZn-®Xv km¿∆-P-\o-\-
amb Hcp XXzsØ ASn-ÿm-
\-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-√m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-sIm
≠pw a¿kn-en-t\mkv saXm\v
Hcp ÿm\ap≠-m-I-W-sa-∂p
≈ eLp-hmb Dt±-i-tØmSp
IqSn Bbn-cp-∂Xp sIm≠pw
Koh-dp-Ko-k-®\pw Iq´cpw bm
sXm-c-`n-\--\-Øn\pw A¿lcm
sW∂v Bcpw hnNm-cn-®n´n-√.
am∂m\w I£n-bp-tS
bpw AXns‚ t\Xm-hm-bn-
cp∂ am¿ fqbokv saXm-s‚
bpw ]h¿Ø-\-ßsf AXn-i-
tbm-‡n-tbm-Sp-IqSn ]mSn-∏p-I-
gvØp-∂-h-cmWv B I£n-tbm
Sv A\p-`m-h-ap -≈-h¿. am¿
fqbokv saXms‚ al-XzsØ
]Io¿Øn-°p-∂-Xn¬ At±-l-
Øns‚ amXp-e-]pX\mb io.
sF.-kn.-Nm-t°mbpw H´pw ]pd-
In-em-bn-cp-∂n-√. am¿ fqbokn
s‚ ]h¿Ø-\-߃ tijvT-am-
bn-cp-∂p. AXv tIcf k`m-N-
cn-XsØ am‰n-°p-dn-°p-∂-Xn-
\p-an-S-bm-bn. ]t£ AXns‚
t]cn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ I£n-
bn¬s∏-SmØ Hcp t\Xm-
hns‚ t\ -ßsf XmgvØn-°m-
Wn-°p-hm≥ ian-°p-∂Xv Ncn-
X-tØm-SpsNøp∂ ISpØ
A\o-Xn-bm-bn-cn-°pw. as‰mcp
Ncn-X-Im-c-\mb Fw.-H.-tPm-
k^v s\Sp-¶p∂w io.-sF.-kn.
Nmt°m-bpsS Nph-Sp-]n-Sn®v
At±-l-Øns‚ A`n-]m-b-
s^_p-hcn 201341
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
߃ Xs∂ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-
´p≠-v. Gd-Wm-Ipfw cq]X
ÿm]n-°-s∏- Xv hen-b-ho- n¬
Koh-dp-Ko-k-®s‚ ]b-Xv\- -e-
am-bn- mWv F∂ hkvXpX Ncn-
X-Im-c-∑m-sc√mw kΩ-Xn-®n-
´p≠-v. ]s£ a¿kn-en -t\m-
kvsa-Xm\v ÿm\w D≠m-°n-
s°m-Sp-°p-hm-\m-bn-cp∂p Cu
iaw F∂ hmZw Koh-dp-Ko-k-
®s‚ t\ -ßsf Xcw-Xm-gvØn-
°m-Wn-°p-∂Xn\m-Wv.
am∂m\w I£n-bnse
Nne-sc-t∏mse Koh-dp-Ko-k-®≥
Hcn -°epw X\n°v Fs¥-
¶nepw ÿm\-am -\ -߃°p-
th≠n tae-[n-Im-cn-Isf kao-
]n-®-Xmbn \ap-°-dn-hn-√. sF.-
kn.-Nmt°m Xs∂ Koh-dp-Ko-k-
®s\∏‰n A`n-]m-b-s∏- n-cn-°p-
∂Xv t\m°pI ""F∂m¬, h
cm-∏p-g-bpsS ]£-h¿Øn-I-
fn¬ a‰p-Nn-e-sc-t∏mse Ct±
lw \oN-amb bmsXmcp am¿§-
tØbpw kzoI-cn-®n-cp-∂n-√.
hcm-∏p-g-°m-cpsS cWw KpW-
I-c-am-sW∂v At±-l-Øn\v
tXm∂n-bn-cp-∂p F∂Xv sh
dpw \mSy-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p.'' ItØm-
en°m k`-bn¬ Hcp cq]X
ÿm]n-°p-∂Xv Hcp ]tXyI
hy‡n°v saXm≥ ÿm\w
e`n-°p-∂-Xn-\p-th≠-n-b-√. \Sp-
an-k-Øns‚ ÿm]\w A∂v
G‰hpw henb Hcm-h-iy-am-bn-
cp-∂p. CXn-\mbn \nth-Z-\-
߃ \¬In-b-t∏mƒ Xs‚
Kpcp-hmb a¿kn-en -t\mkv
saXms\ ]pXnb cq]-X-bpsS
saXm-\m-°n-bm¬ \∂m-bn-cn-
°p-sa∂v At]-£n-®n-cp-∂p.
At±lw kpdn-bm-\n-°m-cpsS
saXm -\m -Ip -∂-Xn -\p -apºv
am∂m\w I£n-°m-tcmSv hn´p-
ho-gvN-bn-√msX s]cp-am-dn-bn- p-
≠m-bn-cn-°mw. ]s£ kpdn-bm-
\n-°m-cpsS `c-W-Ø-e-h-\mb
tijw Xt∂mSv hntbm-Pn∏v
]I-Sn-∏n-®-h-tcmSv hnim-e-a-\-
kv°-XtbmSpw kulm¿±-
]q¿∆hpamWv At±lw s]cp-
am-dn-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ]≠sØ Ggp
hymIp-e-ß-fn¬ `qcn-]-£hpw
Ct±-l-tØmSv kl-I-cn-®n-cp-
∂p. a¿kn-en-t\m-kns‚ Imew
tIcf k`-bn¬ im¥n-bp -
tSbpw kam-[m-\-Øn-s‚bpw
Hcp Ime-am-bn-cp-∂p. Cß-s\-
bp≈ Hcmsf˛AXp kpdn-bm-
\n-°m-cpsS saXm-\m-bn-cp∂v
]Øp-h¿jw Ahsc `cn®
a¿kn-en -t\m-kns\˛]pXnb
cq]-X-bpsS A≤y-£-\m-°-W-
sa∂v Koh-dp-Ko-k-®≥ Xs‚
l¿Pn-I-fn¬ At]-£n-®n-cp-
∂Xv sX‰msWt∂m kzm¿∞-
X-bm-sWt∂m ]d-bphm≥ Hcp
Ncn-X-Im-c\pw Ah-Im-i-an-√.
Aev]w kzm¿∞-X-bp-≠m-bn-cp-
s∂-¶n¬Xs∂ AXv Koh-dp-Ko-
k-®s‚ Kpcp-hm-bn-cp∂ a¿kn-
en-t\mkv saXm≥ F∂-Xp-am-
X-am-bn-cp∂p.
A°m-eØp kpdn-bm
\n sshZn-I-cn¬ henb ]fin-
X\pw _lp- m-jm-hn-cp-X-\p-am-
bn-cp∂ Koh-dp-Ko-k-®≥ kzta-
[bm saXm-\m-Ip-hm≥ BK-
ln-®n-´n-√. am∂m-\w-I-£n-t\-
Xm-°-fm-bn-cp∂ \n[o-cn-°¬
amWn-°-Ø-\m-cp-tSbpw ]tg-]-
d-ºn¬ fqbo-k-®-s‚bpw kl-
I-c-W-tØm-Sp-IqSn cq]-Xm-`-
cWw Bcw- n® eho™p sa
Xm\v Xs‚ `c-W-Im-eØv
XcWw sNtø-n-h∂ sshX-c-
Wn-Ifpw ]nW™ A_-≤-ß
fpw X∑qew k -bv-°p-≠mb \
„hpw tIcf k`m-N-cn-X-Øn
s‚ Hcp hen-b- mKw Xs∂-bm-
Wv. amWn- I-Ø-\m¿ eho-™p-
sa-Xms‚ hnImcn P\-dfpw
fpbo-k-®≥ skI- -dn-bp-am-bn-
cp-∂p. seho™psaXm\pw
am∂m\wI£n-°m¿°pw ]nW
™ A_-≤-ß-fn¬ NneXv
]tXyIw ]kvXmhyam-Wv. 19-
˛mw\q‰m≠ns‚ DØ-cm¿≤-
Øn¬ ]pØ≥Iq¿ kpdn-bm-
\n -°m-cp -sS -bn -S -bnepw ]e
]t£m-`-߃ \S-∂n-cp-∂p.
am¿tØmamk`m -ÿm -] -I -
\mb am¿ amXyqkv AØ-\m-
tkymkpw ]pen-t°m-´n¬ am¿
Znh-∂-tkymkpw XΩn¬ ae-
¶c saXm-t∏m-eoØmÿm\-
Øn-\mbn ""]gb skan-\mcn''
tIkv \ne-hn-en-cp-∂p. am¿ Znh-
∂-tkym-kn\v At¥m-Iy≥]m-
Xn-bm¿°o-kns‚ ]n¥p-W-bp-
≠m-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw IqSpX¬
i‡-cm-bn-cp∂ t]m -Âp-an-
j-\-dn-am-cpsS ]n≥_ew A
Ø-\m-tkym-kn-\p≠-m-bn-cp-∂p.
s^_p-hcn 201342
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
CXn¬ \n∂pw AØ-\m -
tkymkv tIkv Pbn-°p-sa∂v
Znh-∂-tkymkpw a‰pw `b-s∏-
´p.- Cu-b-h-k-c-Øn¬ ItØm-
en°m t\Xm-hm-bn-cp∂ amWn-
°-Ø-\m-cp-ambn Znh-∂m-tkym
kv Btem-Nn®v Ze-KmZ∏kv
tXm-en-°-bm-bn-cp∂ tam¨
Abq-Ønsb Du´n-bn¬ h®v
k¿in®v ItØm-en-°m-k-`-bp-
ambn Hcp-an-°p-∂-Xn\v kΩ-Xn-
®p. CXns‚ t]cn¬ ÿm]n-®-
XmWv PmssXy -Iy -kw -Lw.
bmt°m-_m-b-°m-cpw, ItØm-
en-°cpw tbmPn®p ]h¿Øn-
°-W-sa-∂pw, s]mXp-hmbn
Hcp h¿Ø-am-\-]-Xhpw tIm
tfPpw Bcw-`n-°-W-sa∂pw
Xocp -am -\n -®p. AXn -\mbn
Ah¿ tIm -bØv Iq´mbn Hcp
ÿew (hp-Uvem‚vkv _w•m
hpw ÿehpw) kºm-Zn-°p-I-
bpw sNbvXp. amWn-°-Ø-\m-
cpsS iaw-aqew Be-∏p-g-bn¬
I®-h-S-°m-c-\m-bn-cp∂ Umdm-
kmbv]v F∂ ItØm-en-°≥
bmt°m-_m-b-°m-cpsS ]p\-
ssc-IysØ klm-bn-°p-∂-Xn-
\mbn \¬In-b-Xm-bn-cp∂p Cu
ÿew. C∂v ae-bmf at\m-ca
Hm^o -kv , _tk-bn -temkv
tImtf-Pv, Fw.Un skan-\mcn,
Genbm Nm∏¬ XpSßn Hm¿
Ø-tUmIvkv kpdn-bm-\n-°m-
cpsS ÿm]-\-߃ ÿnXn
sNøp-∂Xv Cu ÿe-Øm-Wv.
]s£ skan-\mcn tIkn¬
Znh-∂m-tkymkv Pbn®p Ign-
™-t∏mƒ At±lw ItØm-
en-°m-k-`-bp-am-bp≈ tbmPn-
∏n¬ \n∂v ]n≥am-dn. Ccp-k-
ap-Zm-b-Øn-tebpw sshZn-I¿
Hcp-an-®p-Xm-a-kn-®n-cp∂ sI´n-S-
Øn-te°v bmt°m-_mb ssh
Zn-I¿ Xß-fpsS mcy-am-cp-ambn
Xma-k-Øn-s\-Øn. CtXmsS
ItØm-en°m sshZn-I¿ Ahn
Sw Dt]-£n-®p. Cßs\ Iui-
e-]q¿∆w Ah¿ ÿehpw sI
´n-Shpw kz¥-am-°n. _p≤n-
]q¿∆-a-√mØ Cu G¿∏m-Sn¬
ItØm-en°m kap-Zm-b-Øn\v
henb \„w kw -hn-®p. F∂m
¬ A°mew apX¬ C∂p-hsc
bmt°m-_m-b--k-`sb inYn-eo-
I-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ tIkp-
I-fp-sS-sb√mw K¿ -Krlw Fw.-
Un. sk-an-\m-cnbpw ]cn-k-
chpw Xs∂.
hpUvem‚vkv Dt]-£n-
®-Xn -\p -tijw eho-™p-sa-
Xm≥ tIm -bØv Xs‚ Ac-
a-\bpw a‰pw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn-
\mbn \qtd-°-tdmfw hcp∂
"]d -b≥Ip∂v ' hne -bv°p -
hmßn ÿew \nc-∏p-h-cp-Øp-
hm\pw Np‰pw Iøm-e-]-Wn-bp-
∂-Xn\pw th≠n Ipsd
cq]bpw \¬In tPmen-bvt°
¬]n-®Xv tIm-´-bw-Im-c-\mb
Hcp bmt°m-_m-b-°m-c-s\-bm-
bn-cp∂p. Abmƒ tPmen ]q
¿Øn-bm-°n. ]s£ eho-™p-
sa-Xm-s\tbm amWn-°-Ø-\m-
sctbm B ]d-ºn¬ Ib-‰p-I-
bn√ F∂ \ne-bn-em-bn. GXm-
bmepw B ÿehpw ItØm-
en°m kap-Zm-b-Øn\v \„-s∏-
´p. C∂-sØ-t∏mse ItØm-
en-°¿°v tIm´-bØv A∂v
bmsXmcp kzm[o-\-hp-ap-≠m-
bn-cp-∂n-√.
Cßs\ ]e A_-≤-
ßfpw ]nW-™-tXmsS saXm
\pw amWn-°-Ø-\mcpambn
A`n-]m-b-`n-∂-X-bn-em-bn. 8
sIm√w amXw Zo¿Ln® eho-
™p-sa-Xms‚ `cWw ChnsS
Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-Xn\v amWn-°-
Ø-\m-cpsS ]h¿Ø-\-ßfpw
Imc-W-am -bn. eho -™p-sa -
Xm≥ 13-˛mw setbm am¿∏m-
∏sb tdman¬s®∂p k¿in-
®p. Aev]w ap≥tIm-]n-bm-bn-
cp∂ am¿∏m∏ Koh-dp-Ko-k-®-
s‚bpw a‰pw l¿Pn-Iƒ FSp-
Øp-Im-Wn®v Bb-Xn\v F¥p-
k-am-[m-\-amWv ]d-bm-\p-≈Xv
F∂v tNmZn®v tIm]n-®-Xmbn
]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.
"Hm `mc-Xsa \ns‚
c£ \ns‚ a°-fn¬Øs∂'
F∂p ]h-Nn® 13- mw setbm
am¿∏m-∏-bpsS Imew apX¬
GXm-t±-iob saXm-∑msc
\nb-an-°p∂ \bw tdmw kzoI-
cn-®p-Xp-S-ßn. Cu A\p-Klw
tIc-fo-b¿°pw e`n-®-Xns‚ e-
ambn Chn-sSbpw GX-t±-iob
saXm-∑m¿ \nb-an-X-cm-bn.
v
s^_p-hcn 201343
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
FdWmIpfw cq]Xm ÿm]-I-\mb hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jn-Im-N-c-W-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v cq]Xm ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-amb “ kXy-Zo]w” 21.11.2012 ¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn® teJ\w
s^_p-hcn 201344
hen-b-ho-´n¬]d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]m≥ kvac-WnI
FdWmIpfw cq]Xm ÿm]-I-\mb hen-b-ho-´n¬]-d-ºn¬ Koh¿§okv aev]ms‚ 84˛mw Nc-a-hm¿jn-Im-N-c-W-tØm-S-\p-_-‘n®v]kn-≤o-I-cn® £W-°Øv