VAccess Team Meeting

VAccess Team Meeting

First Meeting of VAccess Team

19th Floor 301 East Byrd StreetVirginia Economic Development Partnership

Richmond, Virginia

July 9, 2001

GMUODUJMU

VTUVA

W&MVSGC

Hampton

VAccess: A Virtual Remote Sensing Information Access Center

for Regional Applications in the Commonwealth of Virginia

Menas KafatosCEOSR

July, 2001

CEOSR URL: http://www.ceosr.gmu.eduVAccess URL: http://www.VAccess.gmu.edu

GMUODUJMU

VTUVA

W&MVSGC

Hampton

1:00PM Introduction to VAccess Menas Kafatos

Introductions, Overview, Status of VAccess

1:15PM Global EO Data for Regional Applications James McManus

1:25PM H S I Technology, Algorithms and Applications Richard Gomez

1:35PM Environmental Scenarios George Taylor

1:45PM Infrastructure, GIS & Other Tools Ruixin Yang

1:55PM VAccess Process Hank Wolf

2:05PM Landscape Epedemiology Tom Allen

2:25PM Visualization Testbed James Barnes

2:45PM Advanced Analysis Techniques for RS Data Pat McCormick

3:05PM Break

VA julyVAccess Discussions - July 9, 200110th 1

GMUODUJMU

VTUVA

W&MVSGC

Hampton

VAccess Discussions - July 9, 2001

3:20PM Virginia Space Grant Consortium Mary Sandy

3:45PM Interactive Internet GIS/RS Tutorial James Perry

4:05PM Natural Resources Applications Randy Wynne

4:25PM IR Atmospheric Sensor Gaby Laufer

4:45PM Summary: Action Items, TAC Meeting Plans, Schedule Menas Kafatos

5:00PM End of Meeting

5:30PM Optional Dinner Discussions of Any Open Issues

GMUODUJMU

VTUVA

W&MVSGC

Hampton

Earth, Space, Remote Sensing, Data Systems in CEOSR

CEOSR is involved in several space-related interdisciplinary areas•Space Sciences

•Astrophysics•Solar Physics

•Earth Observing & Earth Sciences• Data Information Systems (S-I ESIP Project & Federation)•Satellite Missions

•Aeronomy of Ice in the Mesosphere (AIM) (Phase A:Polar mesospheric Clouds)

•IMAGE (Imaging the Ionosphere; on common platform with GIFTS)

•ARGOS (RAD Hard Computing)

•Remote Sensing for Regional Applications•Hyperspectral•Virtual RS Center for Virginia VAccess

GMUODUJMU

VTUVA

W&MVSGC

Hampton

VAccess:Virtual Remote Sensing Information Access Center:

Providing RS Data & Information Products for Regional Applications in Virginia

•A STATE-WIDE, SATELLITE-DERIVED AND OTHER ENVIRONMENTAL DATA, & INFORMATION PRODUCTS, FOR•LOCAL, REGIONAL & STATE NEEDS WITH USER-DETERMINED NEED FOR STUDIES, INFORMATION, & SOLUTIONS•AN ALLIANCE BETWEEN 6 UNIVERSITIES LED BY CEOSR Initial Funding FY 2001: $1M

•Prototyping an operational alliance of academia, State interests, NASA & the commercial sector

GMUODUJMU

VTUVA

W&MVSGC

Hampton

VAccess: Virtual Remote Sensing Center of Excellence:

Providing RS Data & Information Products for Regional Applications in Virginia

•Partners•GMU•JMU•ODU•Hampton•Virginia Space Grant Consortium

•UVA•VIMS (William & Mary)•VT

GMUODUJMU

VTUVA

W&MVSGC

Hampton

State of Virginia and the Use of Remote Sensing Data

F lo o d s :- F la sh & S u rgeS to rm sH u rrica n e sA b n o rm a l T id esW ild fire sD ro u g h tsU VL ig h tn ingE a rth qu a kesF lo o d P o llu tion- A n im a l W a s te- A n im a l C a rcu sesIn va s ive S p e c ies

P o llu t ion- A g ricu ltu re C h e m ica ls- W a s te P ro d u c tsS p ills- O i l- C h e m ica ls- T o x icsF u m es- A u to E xh a u stL a n d R e so u rce M ism a na g em e nt- E xce ss ive R u n o ff- W a te rw a y C lo gs- S iltU rb a n G ro w th & C o n s tru c tionA ir P o llu tionC o n ta m in a tio n - R e m e d ia tionB ro w n F ie ld C le a n U p

C o a s tsW a te r S h e dsC it ie sF a rm in g A re asF o re s ts

P re p a re d n e ssA sse ssm e ntM it ig a tionP ro v id e rsA g ricu ltu ra l In te re s tsL a n d C o verF o re s tryW a te r U tiliza tionL a n d P la n n ingH ig h w a y P la n n ingR e g u la to ryP ro g ram m a ticD e c is io n S u p p o rtL e g is la t ive F a ct F in d ingE n v iro nm e n ta l P o licyE n c ro ach m e nt- N o ise- F re q u e n cy- H a b ita t L o ss- W a te r Is su es

N a tu ra l H a za rds M a n -M a d e E ve n ts- P la n n ed

- A cc id e n ta l- N e fa rio u s

R e g io n s In te re s ts& V ie w p o in ts

E n v iro nm e n ta l Is su es

GMUODUJMU

VTUVA

W&MVSGC

Hampton

Proposed Initial VAccess Data Sets for Prototyping Applications

Vegetation Products (agriculture & forestry) • AVHRR data from NDVI, LAI, ect. • MODIS 250m, 500m, 1000mPollution runoff-related products (Chesapeake Bay, ect.)• EO-1 (HSI); AVIRIS (HSI); LandsatLU/LC Products• EO-1(HSI); AVIRIS (HSI); LandsatMerged Products• SAR & HSI• HSI & visible (on Orion sounding rocket- possibly for the future)Ocean Products• (possibly) SST data from AVHRR• Sea WiFS (selected products)• Littoral regions (NEMO HSI –future?)Natural Hazards (hurricanes, fires, ect.)• TRMM• GOESHigh Resolution, Commercial, Remote Sensing Data• TBD (in consultation with the Advisory Committee and the NASA Data Buy program)• SPOT (from VDEP and other state agencies)• Ikonos (NASA Data Buy Program)Ground Data• Variety of GIS and other products for complementing RS data

The Utility of AVHRR and MODIS Time-series Data in Remote Sensing Application Studies

James McManusGMU

July 9, 2001

Introduction

The purpose of the talk is to explain how VAccess can utilize data from the

• NOAA’s Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and

• NASA’s Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MODIS)

In remote sensing application studies

I will also explain the strengths of this type of data, in land surface applications, relative to higher resolution satellite data.

Polar-Orbiting Operational Environmental Satellites (POES)

• NOAA series began in 1979 with NOAA-6 and continues today with NOAA-16

• Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP), which began in the 1960’s with more modern instruments being deployed in the 1980’s to present.

• European Remote Sensing Satellites (ERS), began in 1981 with ERS-1 and continuing with ERS-2, which was launched in 1995.

• NASA’s Earth Observation System, began with the launch of Terra (EOS/AM-1) in December 1999 and which will continue with the launch of Aqua (EOS/PM-1) in 2001

• Other satellites include the FY series from china and SeaWiFS, as well as non sun-synchronous satellites such as the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM)

AVHRR and MODIS are remote sensing instruments flown on board what are commonly referred to as POES type satellites.

POES are Sun-synchronous, polar orbiting, wide field of view, low resolution (250 m to 4-km) satellites that are capable of view the entire earth within a one or two day period

Examples of POES Satellites are:

POES satellites were originally designed for meteorological purposes.

In the mid 1980’s data from the AVHRR instrument, flown on the NOAA series of satellites, began to be used for monitoring vegetation.

• POES daily global coverage enables the monitoring of clouds and other atmospheric meteorological variables that required diurnal data frequency.

• POES data are used in conjunction with data from Geostationary Satellites (GEOS), which do not provide global coverage, to monitor the atmosphere.

• This was partially a reaction to the high cost of data from satellites such as LandSat and SPOT, which are specifically designed to study the land surface.

• In contrast data from the NOAA series as well as NASA’s EOS series are free.

• They also provided data at a temporal frequency and spatial coverage where Global and regional vegetation dynamic studies can be performed.

• Compositing methods have been developed that remove cloud cover, enabling the continuous monitoring of vegetation and other land surface variables, such as temperature, on a bi-weekly bases.

Purpose of POES

Instrument specifics

MODIS is flown on NASA, Terra & Aqualaunches 1999, 2001705 km polar orbit, sun synchronous descending (10:30 a.m.) & ascending (1:30 p.m.), providing 1 to 2 day global coverage

Sensor Characteristics 2300 km (cross track) and 2000 km (5 min. granule along track)

36 spectral bands ranging from 0.41 to 14.385 µmSpatial resolutions:

250 m (bands 1 - 2)500 m (bands 3 - 7)1000 m (bands 8 - 36)

AVHRR is flown on the NOAA series of satelliteLaunch date: 6/23/81 (NOAA-7), 12/12/84 (NOAA-9), 9/24/88 (NOAA-11), 12/30/94 (NOAA-14) Sun synchronous, near polar (98.8 degrees) at 833 km Ascending (14.30 (NOAA-7), 14.20 (NOAA-9), 13.30 (NOAA-11), 13.30 (NOAA-14) LST), providing 1 day global coverage

Sensor Characteristics2700-km (cross track) and 102 minutes orbit period5 spectral bands ranging from 0.58 to 12.5 µmSpatial resolutions:

1.1 km for Local Area Coverage (LAC) and High Resolution Picture Transmission (HRPT) 4 km for Global Area Coverage (GAC)

Utilization of AVHRR and MODIS data to Monitor Vegetation and Other Land Surface Variables

• The +2000-km cross track swath of these instruments, compared to Landsat-7 ETM 185-km swath (16-day repeat cycle), enable data to be collected over the same region on a 1 or 2 day temporal frequency.

• The data is also continually collected for the entire globe, compared to higher resolution satellite data, such as Landsat and SPOT, which selectively choose images.

• As stated previously the higher temporal frequency of the data enables compositing methods to be used that remove cloud cover, resulting in the ability to produce cloud free land surface parameters on a bi-weekly temporal frequency.

• This gives VAccess the opportunity to provide state wide land surface products, supplying information on the condition of vegetation as well as other environmental variables, on a bi-weekly bases.

• This will provide base information to perform a wide variety of environmental studies.

A simple example of a land surface product that can be produced on a bi-weekly bases is the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI)

• NDVI is derived from the red and near infrared channels on satellite instruments such as AVHRR and MODIS

NDVI = Rch2 - Rch1/Rch2 + Rch1

where Rch1 is the land surface reflectance in the visible wavelengths (580 to 680 nanometers) and Rch2 is the land surface reflectance in the infrared wavelengths (725 to 1000 nanometers)

• NDVI is Widely Used for Monitoring Global Vegetation Dynamics having been Applied to:

1) Studies of the Global Carbon Cycle2) Modeling the Hydrological Cycle3) Crop monitoring4) UN’s Famine Early Warning System5) Producing a wide variety of other vegetation products including:

Net Primary Production (NPP)Leaf Area Index (LAI)

10-day Composite AVHRR NDVI Image of Virginia, July 1-10, 1992

Example of NDVI Image Derived from AVHRR

AVHRR VS. MODIS

• Both AVHRR and MODIS can be used to produce land surface variables such as:

Surface Temperature, Land Cover, Thermal Anomalies/Fire, Leaf Area Index, Net Primary Production and Vegetation Cover

• MODIS is a more advanced instrument than AVHRR, and as a result can produce more accurate products.

• However it currently has less than two years of data available, this limits its use in vegetation dynamic studies.

• AVHRR has +20 years of data, stretching over multiple satellites

• Efforts such as the NOAA/NASA Pathfinder project have produced calibrated data sets over this entire time period, providing an extremely valuable historical record of the environment.

• The historical record also permits the development of anomaly products, which compare the entire 20 year time period with a specific time, showing anomalies from the mean.

Comparison Between MODIS and AVHRR

The MODIS 250m-resolution multi-spectral observations clearly discriminate different types of vegetation and urban areas in this image. The subsets show MODIS near-infrared band 2 (859nm) at 250m resolution (top right) and the corresponding NOAA14 AVHRR 1km band 2 (bottom right) over the Choptank River and the Cambridge area, in the Delmarva Peninsula.

The improved spatial resolution of MODIS data over the heritage AVHRR data is apparent.

AVHRR Products

Three variations of AVHRR products will be produced

1) Products produced from the NOAA/NASA Pathfinder AVHRR LandPAL 8-km data set, covering the time period from 1981 to the present.

• The PAL data set has been calibrated over the entire temporal range of AVHRR and mapped to a standard projection.

• The daily data has been reconfigured into regional time-series files that will allow new compositing methods to be utilized, improving cloud removal, resulting in more accurate vegetation parameters such as LAI.

2) Products produced, from level-1b data at the original 4-km GAC resolution, covering a shorter time period.

3) Prototype products produced from HRPT data collected at GMU

The products will focus on vegetation and include NDVI, LAI, Land Cover Change and fraction of Absorbed Photosynthetically Active radiation (fAPAR)

Experimental products including Land Surface Temperature, Vegetation Anomalies and Net Primary Production (NPP) will also be explored.

MODIS Products

A wide variety of high level products are currently being produced from MODIS data including:

Surface Temperature, Land Cover, Thermal Anomalies/Fire, Leaf Area Index, Net Primary Production and Vegetation Cover

These products will be acquired for VAccess and technical issues such as map re-projection will be dealt with.

Standard MODIS products that may be useful in monitoring atmospheric pollution and the Chesapeake bay will also be examined.

Data obtained through MODIS’s Direct Broadcast system will be aquired.

Conclusion

Producing and acquiring land surface data sets derived from POES satellites, will enable VAccess to provide state wide products, for the Commonwealth of Virginia, on a bi-weekly bases.

By doing this VAccess will provide base products that can be utilized in a wide variety of Environmental studies and monitoring efforts including:

1) Forest and Agricultural monitoring2) Non-point Pollution runoff Monitoring3) Air Quality studies4) Wetland inventories5) ...

Hyperspectral Imagery (HSI)Technology

VAccess HSI

Project

GMU/SCS/CEOSRDr. Richard B. Gomez

Hyperspectral Imagery

Data of the same scene collected simultaneously from hundreds of spectral bands, and registered on a single format.

A spectral band is a portion of the electromagnetic spectrum over which a sensor detects and measures scene reflections or emissions.

Reflected and Emitted Energy

UV

BLUE

RED

NIR

SWIR

MWIRLWIR

GREEN

What you see is not what you get!

Pushbroom Hyperspectral Sensing

Single Pixel

Spectral Bands

Spatial Pixels

FlightLine

Wavelength

Inte

nsi

ty

Pixel Spectrum

Single Sensor FrameSeries of Sensor Frames

AISA Hyperspectral SystemAISA Hyperspectral System

• Image Space - Geographic Orientation

• N-Dimensional Space - For Use in Pattern Analysis

• Spectral Signatures - Physical Basis for Response

Data Space Data Space RepresentationsRepresentations

A well-managed oil spill response for the Patuxent River in the Chesapeake Bay area serves to:

Protect human life

Develop mitigation processes

Identify vulnerable coastal locations before a spill happens (reduces the environmental consequences of both spills and cleanup efforts)

Establish protection priorities and identify cleanup strategies

Oil Spill Program Objectives

Dr. George Taylor

Remote Sensing and the Environmental Sciences

Goal: Demonstrate and encourage the application of remote sensing technology to pressing and emerging issues in the environmental sciences and policy

Multiple Media– Upland landscapes (e.g., agriculture, forestry, brownfields)– Rivers, Streams and Reservoirs– Estuaries and Wetlands– Bay and Near-Coastal Waters– Atmosphere (air quality)– Integrated and regional systems (e.g., urban-suburban-rural systems

with multiple landscape types)

Premiere Issues in the Environmental Sciences

Wetland ecology and management Contaminants (organic and inorganic) in soil, surface

water, subsurface, and plant/animal Restoration/remediation of contaminated sites Air quality (e.g., nitrogen, ozone, PM) Stress detection and management in managed (e.g.,

forests) and more natural stands of vegetation Invasive species monitoring and management Ecological risk assessment and management

Demonstration Scenarios

Wetland ecology and management

Atmospheric nitrogen deposition and eutrophication in the Chesapeake Bay

Monitoring contaminants in terrestrial landscapes

Stress detection in plant canopies

Ruixin Yang

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY STRATEGY

Development of science scenarios which drive the content-based searching to serve particular user communities

Web accessibility Content-based browsing Integration of tools accessibility with data set

accessibility to allow meaningful, user-specified queries Integration of freely/easily accessible visualization/ data

mining and analysis tools with relational data base management system

CEOSR

CSI GMU

TempData

Storage

GIS Lab

Web Server

Data Sets

PartnerAlpha

PartnerBeta

KeyGMU-Partners

Software

Hardware

AVHRR Ground Station

Mail Server

FTP Server

VPN Solution

Filer

ApplicationServers

DB Server

Programming

VPN Solution

VAccess Hardware Architecture

Data Analysis and Visualization ToolsENVI/IDLGIS (ArcView/Arc/Info)Splus

Training on ToolsLocal usageRegional applications/Scientific researchIntegrate tools with data for access through the Internet (General/specific)

Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining• Content-based search • Knowledge discovery from RS data and other Earth science data

Web-based Tools• Data access, leverage existing tools

        VDADC        SIESIP/GDS        DIAL        WMT prototype (International standard)

• Metadata access        Metadata ingesting/creating        DBMS        XML technology (DIMES)

Software and IT components

INetClient Side

INetServer Side

Middleware for Search and Browse

Processor(s)NOAA

GMUUser

PartnerUser

Student or Educational

User

Tailored Data BasesBy Discipline

By Geographic AreaBy Community

SatelliteDown Link

Order via INet

GMU Partners NASAForeign

For Tailored Databases

IndustryUser

Local User Local user

VAccess System Architecture

Virginia Access to Remote Sensing Data - Roles of GIS

PrototypingApplications for

VIRGINIAACCESS

Global RSDatasets

ApplicationDataBases

HSISignatureLibrary

Radars:SAR

NextRad

Lo-CostRegional

Data

Education&

Training

Key GMU

Non-GMU

People

CollaborationInfrastructure

CommunityServer

HW/SW

Process

Data

Spatial Analysis& statisticalCapabilities in GIS

Some RS dataAre availableIn GIS formats

Modules onIntegratingGIS/RSanalysis

DEM and Topo dataAre handled Efficiently byRaster-based GIS

These data areMostly in GISFormats. GIS can provide anIntegrated environment toBring togetherThese data &RS data.

HW/SW

Hank Wolf

State of Virginia and the Use of Remote Sensing Data

F lo o d s :- F la sh & S u rgeS to rm sH u rrica n e sA b n o rm a l T id esW ild fire sD ro u g h tsU VL ig h tn ingE a rth qu a kesF lo o d P o llu tion- A n im a l W a s te- A n im a l C a rcu sesIn va s ive S p e c ies

P o llu t ion- A g ricu ltu re C h e m ica ls- W a s te P ro d u c tsS p ills- O i l- C h e m ica ls- T o x icsF u m es- A u to E xh a u stL a n d R e so u rce M ism a na g em e nt- E xce ss ive R u n o ff- W a te rw a y C lo gs- S iltU rb a n G ro w th & C o n s tru c tionA ir P o llu tionC o n ta m in a tio n - R e m e d ia tionB ro w n F ie ld C le a n U p

C o a s tsW a te r S h e dsC it ie sF a rm in g A re asF o re s ts

P re p a re d n e ssA sse ssm e ntM it ig a tionP ro v id e rsA g ricu ltu ra l In te re s tsL a n d C o verF o re s tryW a te r U tiliza tionL a n d P la n n ingH ig h w a y P la n n ingR e g u la to ryP ro g ram m a ticD e c is io n S u p p o rtL e g is la t ive F a ct F in d ingE n v iro nm e n ta l P o licyE n c ro ach m e nt- N o ise- F re q u e n cy- H a b ita t L o ss- W a te r Is su es

N a tu ra l H a za rds M a n -M a d e E ve n ts- P la n n ed

- A cc id e n ta l- N e fa rio u s

R e g io n s In te re s ts& V ie w p o in ts

E n v iro nm e n ta l Is su es

GMUODUJMU

VTUVA

W&MVSGC

Hampton

VAccess Process Overview

RS Data Sets-H S I - SAR-MODIS - AVHRR-LandSat - MISR-IKONOS-Other NASA Data Buy Products

Subset& Apply

To

Application Scenario Examples-Nitrogen, Contaminants & Vegetation Stress-Water Quality & Wetland Assessment-Agriculture & Forestry Resource Management-Oil Spill Analysis and Mitigation-Natural Hazard Monitoring & Prediction -Analysis Techniques for Virginia Hazards-Landscape Epidemiology

= Mosquito-borne Illnesses

Building Infrastructure-Center Architecture-Functional Architecture-Data Analysis/Access-GIS-HSI Library/Access-Direct Broadcast Reception

a. User Education & Awareness-RS Algorithms, Tools, H S I-Data Visualization Test Bed -GIS/RS Tutorial-Natural Resources Tutorial

b. Future Workforce Training Hardware: IR Atmospheric Sensors

Receiving Stations Software: Tools Training

Technical Advisory CommitteeAdvise re: High-Level Priorities, Plans, Needs, & Emphasis Areas

Selected PrototypesUser Feedback

Proposed Significant Project Activity Process

Contract withSSC

EmphasisAreas & Priorities

Map of RS DataTo TACPriorities

VAccess TeamScenarios’

Inputs

Subcontracts with

VAccess Team

ActivityBaseline

Proposed ActivityPlan

Objectives; DesignExpected Results;Schedule; Costs;

Metrics

Ranked Selection Criteria: - Regulatory; - Programmatic;- Decision Support; - Legislative Factfinding

P.I.

Technical Advisory

CommitteePI Approval

Priority ActivityListing

Planned; Active;Completed

VIRGINIA ACCESS Project Component Relationships

Research & Applications:Goals & ObjectivesData NeedsInterfacesExpected Outputs

Data:Earth Observing, Regional & High Resolution RS SubsetsData AttributesData FilesStorage SitesAccess Techniques

Access:ProtocolsInstallation RequirementsAccess RequirementsHardware/SoftwareStandards: Data Access/CatalogFTP SitesDistributed Access & AnalysisData Search

Design Requirements

ImplementationConcepts

Prototype(s)

StakeholderFeedback

Education & Training

Technical Advisory CommitteePriority Definition; Emphasis Area Criteria;

Data/Products Validation

Approved Activity

P.I.

Virginia Access to Remote Sensing Data - Concept and Examples

VegetationStructural Materials Roadway MaterialsSources – AVIRIS, EO-1, In Situ

Landsat 7AVHRRMODISASTERTRMMSeaWiFSGOESMISRSSM/I

AlgorithmsStatistical ToolsProtocol DataMetadata Files

Graduate CoursesCertificate CoursesDistance LearningCourse MaterialsInstructor ListScheduleSites

Wetlands DataLand ClassificationsVegetation

Topography MapsRoad MapsDemographic Data

Special CapabilityUsers

DEMSurface ObjectsFoliage Penetration Images

PrototypingApplications for

VIRGINIAACCESS

Global RSDatasets

ApplicationDataBases

HSISignatureLibrary

Radars:SAR

NextRad

Low-CostRegional

Data

GMU

Non-GMU

Education&

Training

Key

CollaborationInfrastructure

CommunityServer

HW/SWEdu

Data

PrototypeExamples For TACInput

Emphasis Areas & Priorities will Drive

ImplementationCompletion

VAccess & Innovation Pipeline Concept

Number HoursConcept Creation 100 1

Concept Refinement 15 5

Proof of Concept 4 40

Prototype Development 2 500

Transfer to Provider 1 TBD

Keep the Innovation Pipeline FullKeep Users InvolvedKeep the Science & Technology RealKeep Nurturing the Later Steps

VAccess

VAccess, Commonwealth

InnovationEngine

VAccess First Year Phases

Start Up and Activity Processes

Data Sub Setting

Scenario Refinement

Education & Training

Infrastructure Evolution

Prototype Refinement & User Requirement Validation

VAccess Stakeholder LinkagesExisting (G), In Development (Y) & Proposed (B)

PrototypingApplications for

VIRGINIAACCESS

State AgencyStakeholders

CBLAD CITVDEQ VDESVDOF VEDPVDOT VGIN

VDOH

Participating ProgramsNASA: ESIP Federation; JIESIC; RESAC; SIESIP;

NRL: EOSRNSF: GEM;

Ohio State: RS Application in Transportation

Federal AgencyStakeholdersNASA: GSFC, LaRC, SSC

NRL/ONREnv’v’m’l Secur’tyEPA USDA NSFForest ServiceNPS USGS

IndustrialStakeholders

TRW

Technical AdvisoryCommittee

GMUODUJMU

VTUVA

W&MVSGC

Hampton

VAccess Team Projects

ODU RS Applications in Landscape Epidemiology

JMU Visualization Test Bed & Software for Shenandoah Valley

Hampton Advanced Analysis Techniques for RS Data

VSGC Leveraging a State-wide Network

VIMS Development of an Interactive I-Net GIS/RS Tutorial

VT Natural resources Applications of RS & Related Geospatial Information Technologies

UVA Deployment of an IR Atmospheric Sensor

Thomas Allen

Applied Research in Mosquito-Borne Disease

PreventionTom Allen

Old Dominion University

Mosquito Control and Disease Surveillance

Arboviral and vector-borne disease surveillance– Encephalitides (EEE, LaCrosse, WNV)

– Hantaviruses, Dengue Fever

– Aedes albopictus and other arboviral vector spp.

Field-based surveillance and control– Mosquito light traps

– Breeding/pool samples

– Chicken flocks

Asian TigerMosquitoIntroduction & Diffusion

Pilot Research

CDC, NC State, ODU, N.C. and V.A. Public Health Depts.

Identification of breeding “Hot-Spots” Implementation of Integrated Pest

Management (IPM) NCSU Coop. Extension funding 2000-2001 Cooperators

Collaboration Clarke Mosquito Control

Valent Biosciences

US Air Force C-130s (Wright-Patterson AFB, OH)

USMCAS Cherry Point, NC

Approach Building multi-temporal time series of Landsat TM,

ETM+, and DOQQ imagery Statistical and cartographic modeling of mosquito

populations Tasseled cap transformation Multitemporal reflectance trajectories/CVA Lagged response and two-stage multivariable ANOVA GIS and logistic models with and without spatial dependence

Training vector control specialists in ArcGIS, Erdas, and Epi-Info

Develop applications for desktop GIS to improve mosquito control

IPM Benefits

Improved human health protection Lower cost to local government Expanded private-sector services

– Pest management and controls– R&D for improved IPM (e.g., larvicides)– Expanded services (rapid assessment and

controls)

Public Sector Benefits

Improved efficiency and technology in local government (vector control)

Lower costs for improved mosquito control Dissemination of RS in tandem with GIS

and IT applications to public health

Technical Needs Landsat TM/ETM+ archive

– 6-10 scenes per season (t1-tn)– Phenology and event-driven acquisition

High spatial resolution imagery– Discrete image interpretation (ditches, drainages, other

breeding sites)– Ikonos, SPOT, DOQQ

SAR and/or LIDAR DEMs Census TIGER 2000

Outreach

Educational materials (web and course materials)– Higher ed. and public end-users

Workshop Collaboration with state agencies and/or

local, regional and national Mosquito Control Associations

James Barnes

NASA RISE

Dr. James L. Barnes

Director

Technical Approach As applied to Virginia and Chesapeake Bay region, the

main objectives of NASA RISE’s remote sensing focus are to: – begin filling the void in understanding how digital geo-

information technology can support decisionmaking functions of data and information at the local, state and regional levels,

– help studentsat Virginia colleges make the transition from being designers of products to designers of information using knowledge-based thinking and decision-support tools, and

– consider how geo-information technology applied to regional decision-support interacts with the social functions of information and data and the social context of science and technology use.

Tasks and Milestones

To establish a digital, regional, visualization test-bed that serves as a nucleating laboratory for community-based science and technology problem-solving. – Identify technologies, equipment, software and

educational activities. – Identify partners and usage of data. – Define educational products and training. – Increase server and computing capability. – Expand technology infrastructure.

Tasks and Milestones Continued

To apply EyeSpyTM visualization software analysis tools for studying Earth environments in the Shenandoah Valley. – Identify technologies and educational

activities most appropriate for EyeSpyTM visualization software.

– Identify partners and usage of data. – Identify regional applications and modeling. – Define products and educational training.

Tasks and Milestones Continued

To develop 3-D virtual environments fly-bys for technology economic development in the Shenandoah Valley. – Identify regional applications and modeling. – Identify partners and usage of data.– Purchase imagery. – Define educational training.

Tasks and Milestones Continued

To prototype integration of emerging technologies for community-based decision making.– Data mining. – GIS. – Web-based databases.– Distance learning. – Define educational training.

AXS Technologies, Inc.EyeSpyTM Visualization

Testbed EyeSpy allows end users to extract close-ups

from, zoom-in on, and pan through high-resolution images over the web.

EyeSpy uses patented data striping and pipelining technology that delivers images to a user's browser in the blink of an eye.

http://www.axs-tech.com/index_green.php

Source: http://www.axs-tech.com/html/products/eyespy/index.html

Pat McCormick

VAccess: Hampton Univ.Efforts

M. Patrick McCormick

Prof. & Co-Director

Center for Atmospheric Sciences

Tasks

As part of the Virginia State Virtual Remote Sensing Center Consortium (VSVRSCC) team, at a minimum, HU will:

Build relationships and collaborations with the USGS to find out their needs, interests, and requirements for information on global and regional volcanism and earthquakes

Enhance relationships and collaborations with the NWS to find out their needs, interests, and requirements for global and regional hurricane studies and tropical storms

Tasks cont.

Strengthen relationships and collaborations with the EPA and find out their needs, interests, and requirements for global and regional-scale air pollution due to trans-oceanic transport of dust and aerosol particles, and biomass burning

Incorporate distance learning support for all atmospheric science courses to all VSVRSCC members and partners

Teach undergraduate and graduate level atmospheric science courses

Technical Approach

HU will draw on its comprehensive expertise in atmospheric science and remote sensing to:

Study advanced remote sensing systems required to address current problems in atmospheric chemistry, climate and environmental research

2) Develop the capability to perform image analysis of large satellite data sets for study of clouds, hurricanes, volcanoes, Earth-fault changes (before and after earthquakes), continental pollution plumes, effects of long-range transport of desert dust and other environmental phenomena

Technical Approach cont.

Apply these techniques to NASA data sets such as TERRA, AQUA, TRMM and LANDSAT

Produce posters of the image analysis for public and educational outreach.

Title: What are the Long- and Short-term Regional Impacts of a Hurricane?

Theme: Hurricanes. Evolution and impacts are or will be observed by MODIS, MISR, SeaWiFs, GOES, ASTER, QuickSat and PICASSO

- A suite of experiment images will be used to show the evolution of a hurricane and correlations among experiments, structure, and devastation.

Teasers: Correlations between MISR, MODIS, SeaWiFs and other experiments.

- Scientific relevance of data based on hurricane evolution and effects on specific regions.

Generic Poster Layout:

Multi-orbit composite showing Hurricane swath with QuickSat velocity vectors overlayed.

ASTER (or other) image anytime before landfall

ASTER (or other) image after landfall.

LITE/PICASSOVertical Cross

Section of Hurricane

MISR or MODIS

MISR or MODIS

Title: Do Dust Storms in the Saharan Desert Have Global Environmental Impacts?

Theme: Dust storms in the Saharan region cause global scale effects. Impacts are or will be observed by MODIS, MISR, SeaWiFs, TOMS and ASTER

- A combination of experiment images will be used to show dust correlations among experiments, dust indices, the Red Tide and coral reef changes.

Teasers: Correlations between MISR, TOMS and other experiments. Relevance of data based on health and pollution effects.

Poster Layout:MISR Multi-orbit compositeshowing dust transport

Red tide

MODIS TOMS ASTER

AerosolIndex

Coral

Title: Do Volcanoes Impact Climate and/or Chemistry Theme: We will use ASTER, MISR, MODIS and SAGE data to depict the impact of volcanic eruptions on climate and chemistry. Teasers: Violent eruptions result in new particles in the Earth’s stratosphere resulting in cooling of the surface and reductions of ozone on a global basis. Poster: Make-up: MODIS images of an eruption

MISR stratospheric images of an eruption (Nadir view shows eye)ASTER image(s) of plumes and Mount St. HelensTOMS SO2 plumes

SAM II / SAGE I/II stratospheric optical depth record since1978Photograph of Pinatubo

ASTERimage

ofvolcanic plumes

MISRStereoImage

Eruptions that have global impacts to climate/O3 chemistry

ASTERImage 3D of

Mount St. Helens

Photograhof

Pinatubo

SAM II/SAGE data

•Large volcanic eruptions warm the stratosphere and cool the Earth’s surface.

•These volcanic particles act as sites for ozone chemistry and resultant losses.

90N

0

90S

1978 2000

Stratospheric Aerosol Optical Depth

Eruptions that create local/regional environmental problems e.g. flooding, crop losses

Metrics by Quarter

(1) Complete proposal, organize effort and begin research.

Develop CAS courses for distance learning

(3) Complete first educational and public outreach materials and website.

(3) Make available images, analysis and data products for applications germane to Virginia.

Deliverables

In a timely fashion, HU will:

Deliver data products to the USGS, NWS, EPA, and the VSVRSCC science team manager (STM)

Deliver image mock-ups for education and public outreach to the STM

Provide copies draft documents and progress reports to the STM

Mary Sandy

Virginia Space Grant Consortium

Virginia Access (VAccess) ProjectsMiddle Atlantic Remote Sensing Information Access

System (MARSIAS)

Presented by

Mary Sandy, Director

Virginia Space Grant Consortium

July 9, 2001

QuickTime™ and aTIFF (Uncompressed) decompressor

are needed to see this picture.

VSGC -- Part of the NASA National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program

Initiated by Congress to provide seed money to the states through NASA to:

– Improve math, science, technology and engineering education at all levels (pre-college through post doctoral and faculty levels) to ensure a highly qualified national talent pool

– Build aerospace-related, high technology research capabilities at Space Grant universities

– Encourage partnerships among government, industry and academia

– Foster public science literacy

The Virginia Space Grant Consortium received its designation from NASA in September 1989.

Consortium MembersCollege of William and Mary

Hampton UniversityOld Dominion University

University of VirginiaVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

NASA Langley Research CenterState Council of Higher Education for Virginia

Virginia Community College SystemVirginia Department of EducationMathematics and Science Center

Science Museum of VirginiaVirginia Air and Space Center

Virginia’s Center for Innovative Technology

VSGC Partnerships

The Consortium works with NASA, the Commonwealth of Virginia, industry and many other partners (more than 300 to date) to accomplish its goals.

Current NASA Space Grant award is $475,000 per year

In recent years, the VSGC has leveraged each NASA Space Grant dollar invested by $4 - $5 from other sources.

VSGC Remote Sensing Working Group History

A state-wide Remote Sensing Working Group comprised of Space Grant university faculty, NASA researchers, land user planners, Cooperative Extension personnel, civil engineers and natural resource managers with the goal of determining how we might work together to access and use remote sensing images of Virginia for economic development research and education.

VSGC fellowship and scholarship opportunities were opened to students to assist faculty in learning to manipulate data sets.

Speakers and a meeting at NASA Langley helped introduce Working Group members to upcoming funding opportunities, related resources as well as kinds of data available and how they might be used.

A science plan was formulated that embraced several areas of interest of the Working Group members. One of the strong areas of interest was the need for comprehensive watershed data which impacts economic development, environmental impact and land use planning.

VSGC Remote Sensing Working Group History continued

The VSGC co-sponsored a Precision Agriculture Workshop and a Remote Sensing conference with Virginia Tech.

The VSGC sponsored attendance by faculty and VSGC staff at three national Space Grant remote sensing conferences.

A number of grants were submitted by group members. Two were funded:– Wetlands Remote Sensing Grant from NASA Langley

Research Center to VSGC with ODU’s Tom Allen and George Oertel.

– NASA/Mission to Planet Earth--Centers of Excellence in Applications of Remote Sensing to Regional and Global Integrated Environmental Assessments, ODU PI’s Tom Allen and George Oertel.

Build on network established through Working Group.

Other Remote Sensing Activities:

The VSGC has undertaken a number of K-12 outreach/teacher training activities with relevance to Remote Sensing.

The VSGC is partnered with the University of Virginia for IR Sensor Research. This effort is being done at the University of Virginia (Gabriel Laufer and Houston Wood), funded in part by the VSGC, to develop and deploy an Infrared atmospheric sensor on an Orion sounding rocket to be launched from NASA Wallops.

The VSGC’s Director, Mary Sandy, has prepared a white paper. “Background Paper on the National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program and Extension Services for Practical Applications of NASA Technologies” for Chief of Staff of the VA, HUD and Independent Agencies Subcommittee, U.S. House of Representatives.

The VSGC participated in two sounding rocket projects to measure atmospheric ozone. These missions were undertaken in partnership with the Colorado Space Grant Consortium. Under the NASA Student Launch Program, the VSGC has undertaken two student-managed Upper Atmospheric Research Balloon missions involving a number of university and industry partners.

GoalGoal

NASA Space Grant Extension Specialist in Geospatial TechnologyNASA Space Grant Extension Specialist in Geospatial Technology Partners:

National Space Grant College and Fellowship Program U.S. Department of Agriculture, Cooperative State Research,

Education, and Extension Service (CSREES) Goal:

To meet needs of farmers, ranchers, planners and others involved in agriculture, natural resource management, and rural development. Join the missions of NASA’s Office of Earth Science and Space Grant with the experience and infrastructure of the USDA CSREES.

Approach: Place a Geospatial Technology Specialist within CSREES at

Virginia Tech to help meet their information needs, using the three Primary “Geospatial” Technologies:

Remote Sensing Geographic Information System (GIS) Global Positioning System (GPS)

Virginia Space Grant Consortium Support of VAccess/MARSIAS

As a partner in VAccess/MARSIAS, the Virginia Space Grant Consortium (VSGC) will provide staff, faculty members, students, administrative services and cost sharing through projects which provide education and awareness, future workforce training, products and services, and relevant educational and research experience involving VSGC member faculty and students.

Coordination of VAccess activities across member institutions participating under VSGC umbrella

Seek synergy among VSGC programs and projects and VAccess. Natural linkages will be encouraged. Strong interest in building VSGC ties to related State agencies.

Coordination of Space Grant research scholarships and fellowships and faculty funding for topics related to VAccess goals. Minimum of $15,000 in VSGC funding to be provided.

Virginia Space Grant Consortium Support of VAccess/MARSIAS (continued)

Development of an Interactive Internet GIS/Remote Sensing Tutorial in partnership with Virginia Institute of Marine Science. VIMS Leads: Dr. James Perry and Dr. Michael Newman. VAccess funding at $15,500 is allocated for a VSGC graduate fellow to develop the Interactive Internet GIS Remote Sensing Tutorial.

Natural Resources Applications of Remote Sensing and Related Geospatial Information Technologies: Extending the Reach of the Virtual Center in partnership with Virginia Tech. Virginia Tech Lead: Dr. Randy Wynne.

Deployment of an IR atmospheric sensor on the Orion Sounding Rocket in partnership with the University of Virginia. UVA Lead: Dr. Gaby Laufer.

One quarter of VSGC Research Program Manager’s time will be dedicated to development of oversight of remote sensing programs related to VAccess. Director’s time will be contributed.

VSGC projects and activities tie to the following components of VAccess: User Education and Awareness; Future Workforce Training; Applications Databases; Global Remote Sensing Data Sets; HIS Signature Library; and Collaboration and Support Infrastructure.

Virginia Space Grant Consortium Support of VAccess/MARSIAS (continued)

The proposed initiatives are consistent with VAccess goals of expanding the benefits of earth science research, technology, and remote sensing data to address a broad range of Virginia needs by:1) building an enabling infrastructure for data downloads, collaborative exchanges and database generation, as well as information products derived from the above;2) prototyping exchanges of data and information products for specific regulatory programmatic/campaign activities, decision-support and legislative fact finding efforts;3) providing education and training to identified stakeholders in the areas of remote sensing and associated technologies; and4) identifying and using commercial remote sensing data for the above through the NASA data buy program prototyping exchanges of data and information products of interest to federal, state, and private sector applications.

Virginia Space Grant Consortium Support of VAccess/MARSIAS (continued)

James Perry

Development of an Interactive Internet GIS/Remote Sensing Tutorial

James E. Perry, PWS, Ph.D.

Dept. Coastal and Ocean Policy

College of William and Mary

Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Introduction

Geographic Information Systems are a powerful new tool that can be used with spatial and temporal life science data sets;

can be used to produce simple maps (visualization); or

can be used to perform advanced statistical spatial and temporal analysis.

Problem With Current System

Equipment not available; upgrades often not installed; tutorials expensive to students; students find manufacturers on-line tutorial

boring and not pertinent to all life sciences.

Potential Solution

Create user friendly on-line tutorial available to students from their own machines;

tutorial will be free to anyone who wishes to use it;

will use examples from Chesapeake Bay and other available Virginia data (emphasis on life sciences).

Proposal

Tutorial will be developed and tested by VIMS faculty and graduate students;

tested and validated by outside team of GIS specialists and GIS neophytes;

server will be located at VIMS and maintained by VIMS’s ITN staff.

Add On Value

VIMS ITN staff will maintain and upgrade system;

will be linked to our VIMS-CERSP remote sensing tutorial (already on-line);

computer and GIS experts will be available to answer students questions.

students will be able to create own data files.

Current Web Sites

www.vims.edu http://www.vims.edu/rmap/cers/tutorial/

Randy Wynne

Natural Resources Applications of Remote Sensing and Related

Geospatial Information Technologies: Extending the Reach of the Virtual

Center

Randolph H. Wynne

Overall Objective

To facilitate the early adoption of remote sensing and other geospatial information technologies by Virginia’s Agriculture and Natural Resources extension agents to improve decision support by natural resources stakeholders throughout the Commonwealth.

Stated another way, our goal is to train the trainers!

Background: VCE

Virginia Cooperative Extension (VCE) is devoted to citizen education in the areas of agriculture, natural resources, and the environment. VCE has a large, statewide network of 105 county and/or city offices, and 117 field agents who work in the broad area of Agriculture and Natural Resources (ANR). VCE also has an additional 148 field agents who work in the areas of Family and Consumer Sciences and 4H Youth Development.

Background: VCE Mission

The mission of VCE is to enable people to improve their lives through an educational process that uses scientific knowledge focused on issues and needs.

Current Relevant VCE Activity

4H agent training in GPS; units available statewide

ArcIMS server managed by AHNR IT Counties and municipalities are using remote

sensing and GIS for planning; extension agents are often behind the scenes in these efforts

Precision agriculture FORSite (Forestry OutReach Site)

Other Virginia Tech Activity

Faculty Development Institute Spatial Track offered by OGIS faculty for the last three years

Significant remote sensing expertise and training facilities through CEARS

Significant GIS expertise through OGIS Emphasis on algorithm and database development

in an applied, disciplinary context Strong linkages to VAccess, Virginia Space Grant

Consortium, other universities, federal agencies

Precursors to Training

General training needs assessment in progress Queries of successful programs in other states

(e.g., Mississippi & Georgia) Trainings scheduled (December & March) Identification of attendees & their project ideas Introductory ESRI online courses (ArcGIS) Agent-tailored data sets

Agent-Tailored Data Sets Landsat TM subsets from 1998-2001 imagery DRGs Vector layers of roads, water bodies, administrative boundaries, etc. Virginia GAP land cover maps DCR watershed unit boundaries Stream stations (DEQ sampling points, USGS stations, water intakes

& discharges) DOF forest cover maps NED DEMs Soils from NRCS and DCR Other remotely sensed data as needed and already available (two

statewide SPOT acquisitions)

Training Objectives

Enable each extension agent to effectively incorporate GPS into their outreach programs

Provide each extension agent with their own copy of ArcGIS and major extensions (software costs represent in-kind support from VCE)

Enable each extension agent to utilize ArcGIS and major extensions to display, query, and analyze remotely-sensed and other spatial data

Facilitate individual projects in which extension agents can use their personalized data sets to concentrate on an activity that is best suited to their existing clients and outreach efforts

Expected Benefits (I)

Reaching out to VCE is vital to the ultimate success of the Virtual Center, as it will enable increased diffusion of remotely sensed data and, as or more important, the ability to manipulate and analyze the data in an applied, operational context. By concentrating first on “early-adopters” among the existing extension agents, this effort should have a multiplicative effect, as we are proposing to “train the trainers” in many respects.

Expected Benefits (II)

We recognize that the extension agents will by no means have all they need to know after the training, but they will be able to take home working knowledge coupled with a working data set that will help build the Commonwealth’s geospatial applications infrastructure. The training is also unique in that it recognizes that GIS software purveyors are best equipped to train users on the use of their software, while applications specialist are best qualified to address the particular geospatial needs of natural resource managers.

Gaby Laufer

UVA SUB-ORBITAL PAYLOAD PROJECT

By

Gabriel Laufer

University of Virginia

Objectives

Develop unique engineering educational experience that includes realistic engineering and research projects.

Develop experimental facilities and capabilities that allow at least one annual undergraduate sub orbital launch of remote-sensing experiment.

Partners

VSGC, Litton PRC, Orbital Sciences Corporation, NASA WFF and LaRC, VAccess, JMU, GMU, HU, ODU Virginia Space Port Authority

Current System Components

TE cooled MCT IR sensor system, Video camera/VCR recording, 3 photo-diodes with RGB color filters, System sensors (temperature, pressure,

voltage), On board data logger, Telemetry (multiplexer+ transmitter)

Quartz Windows

IR Doubler

IR Window

Batteries

Data Logger

Camera

VCR

Photodiodes

Transmitter

Lock-In Amp

IR Sensor

Imaging and telemetry deck

Photodiodes and house keeping board

IR sensor system And data logger

Power deck

NSROC secondary payload

April 2001

Launch of single stage Orion carrying UVa’s payload April 27, 2001

Payload weight 225 lb, apogee 155,510 ft, flight time 18 min.

Payload recovered successfully. Data obtained by telemetry and on-board recoding

Future launch will include spectral imaging (MODIS validation) and stratospheric methane.

Photodiode and IR Sensor Voltage Output

One frame of the video image showing the separated rocket motor

Results of work in progress

Demonstrated the entire system, including sensors, house-keeping, on-board recording, telemetry, deployments of shield, recovery,

Obtained data of IR sensor and RGB photo-diodes that are consistent with observations,

Images of the video camera correlate with system time base, photo-diode output, and provide moderate resolution even during fast spin,

Demonstrated operation of TE cooled MCT, tuning-fork chopper and DC-DC converters.

Summary & Wrap Up

Action Items

TAC Meeting Plans

Project Schedule