THE RICE JOURNEY Funded by: North America North America 0.7% Sources: International Rice Research Institute, 2018 Data and MIT Observatory for Economic Complexity *Rice with husk (rough rice/paddy rice) Global Export Sales Amounted USD 20.2 Billion Government agencies, research institutes, supply chain actors, civil society organizations, civil service, and input and equipment providers from 32 countries, including Brazil and Uruguay, are part of the global platform. 107 World Paddy* Rice Production 725.18 Million metric tons World Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Production World production: 161.20 million hectares % of Rice produced-hectares planted Million Metric Tons % of Global Region Source: International Rice Research Institute, 2018 5.8% Africa Others 0.6% Top 10 Paddy Rice Producing Countries Overview of Global Rice Trade Indonesia 203.1 163.5 52.1 China India Bangladesh Rice Production Process Pre-planting: Rice is grown in warm, waterlogged soil and takes 3 – 5 months to reach maturity. Production process involves: Ensure rice varieties and seed quality – Plant clean, healthy and high-quality seed. Growth: Develop a crop calendar - A crop calendar improves timeliness and reduces costs. Prepare the land– Prepare and level the field well. A well-prepared and levelled field gives a uniform, healthy crop which can compete with weeds, use less water, and give higher yields at lower cost. Planting – Plant on time for higher yields. Rice can either be transplanted from a nursery or seeded directly in the field. Water management – Use water efficiently. On average, it takes 1.4 liters of water to produce 1 kg of rice. Apply water-saving technologies such as alternate wetting and drying (AWD) and change puddled transplanting to non-puddled transplanting, or dry-direct seeding to reduce water use. Soil fertility – Use organic fertilizer (manure, compost, straw, husk, plant leaves) whenever possible and use site-specific nutrient management (SSNM) to adjust fertilizer use for high yields and reduce negative environmental effects. Weed management – It should be practiced during land preparation, in nursery and during early crop growth to reduce the dependency on agrochemicals. Pests and diseases – Control pests and diseases effectively. Prevention is the best pest and disease control method. Practicing good cleaning of equipment and cleaning the field between seasons are some examples. Harvesting – Harvest on time. Protect the harvest, thresh and dry ideally within 24 hours of cutting. Storage – Store the grain safely in paddy form, because the husk provides some protection against insects and prevents grain quality from deterioration. Milling and processing – Poor grain quality into the mill means poor quality rice. Rice is best milled at 13–14% moisture content. Top 10 Exporting Countries Paddy Rice Source: International Rice Research Institute, 2018 Source: International Rice Research Institute, 2018 Source: Sustainable Rice – Members’ List Myanmar 45.9 32.1 20.9 19.6 11.1 Vietnam Thailand Pakistan Philippines 28% 23% 8% 7% 6% 4% 3% 3% 2% Paddy rice Husk on 725,178 Thousand Metric Tons Global % of Paddy Rice Rice By-products 239,829 Milled Rice Processed 485,349 100% 33% 67% 11.8 Brazil Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia Asia L. America 2% 58.7 Asia 90.3% Thousand Metric Tons % of Global Region 13,000 11,000 4,000 India Source: International Rice Research Institute, 2018 Uruguay 3,500 3,300 1,800 1,300 700 Vietnam Brazil China 26% 22% 14% 8% 7% 7% 4% 3% 1% 800 2% 6,800 Thailand USA Pakistan Myanmar Cambodia Asia L. America Asia L. America Asia Asia N. America Asia Asia Asia Top 10 Latin American Producing Countries Paddy Rice Thousand Metric Tons Thousand Hectares 11,800 3,159 1,333 Brazil Source: International Rice Research Institute, 2018 Source: International Rice Research Institute, 2018 Bolivia 1,300 1,267 1,006 455 277 Colombia Panamá Paraguay 1,960 430 510 310 200 150 175 104 100 355 137 2,412 Peru Uruguay Ecuador Argentina Nicaragua Top 10 Rice Importing Countries Top 5 World Consuming Countries Thousand Metric Tons Million Metric Tons % of Global 5.5 3.0 1.4 China Source: International Rice Research Institute, 2018 Bangladesh 1.3 1.3 1.2 1.2 1.1 Ivory Coast Philippines Indonesia 12.3% 6.7% 3.7% 3.1% 2.9% 2.9% 2.9% 2.9% 2.9% 1.1 2.9% 1.7 Region Asia Africa Asia Asia Africa Asia Asia Asia Asia Africa Nigeria Senegal Iran Saudi Arabia Iraq World Fairtrade Certified Rice Sustainable Rice Platform India 3 20 23 1 2 3 2 0 2 8 7 15 # of Producer & Trading Companies /Manufacturing & Processing Companies Total Sri Lanka Thailand Pakistan Post-production: The W�rld o� Rice Latin America Latin America 2.7% China 144,000 30% China 144,000 30% India 98,200 20% India 98,200 20% Indonesia 38,200 8% Indonesia 38,200 8% Bangladesh 35,600 7% Bangladesh 35,600 7% Vietnam 22,200 5% Vietnam 22,200 5% RICE # of Producers