Astronomy and space physics in Kyiv university conference May 24 – 27, 2016 Kyiv, Ukraine V. Danylevsky Astronomical observatory of National Taras Shevchenko university Kyiv, Ukraine [email protected]
Astronomy and space physics in Kyiv university conference
May 24 – 27, 2016
Kyiv, Ukraine
V. Danylevsky
Astronomical observatory of National Taras Shevchenko university
Kyiv, Ukraine
Kyiv AERONET / PHOTONS site
Location:
Main astronomical observatory of National
academy of Science of Ukraine, Holosiiv forest,
10 km southward of the city center
Start of observations: March 29, 2008
Instruments:
CIMEL CE 318 polarized model (8 filters):440, 675, 870, 870 (polarisation), 940, 1020 nm
CIMEL CE 318 standard model (5 filters): 440, 675, 870, 940, 1020 nm
CIMEL CE 318 standard model (8 filters): 340, 380, 440, 500, 675, 870, 940, 1020 nm
CIMEL CE 318N (9 filters): 340, 380, 440, 500, 675, 870, 936, 1029, 1640 nm
Mar 29, 2008 – Apr 02, 2009 P043 (CE 318, polarized)
Apr 21, 2009 – Apr 22, 2010 P040 (CE 318, polarized)
Apr 23, 2010 – Aug 26, 2011 P074 (CE 318, 5 filters)
Sep 12, 2011 – Aug 29, 2012 P040 (CE 318, polarized)
(&Sep 21, 2011 – Nov 17, 2011 P715 (CE 318N))
Sep 04, 2012 – Jul 29, 2013 P077 (CE 318, 5 filters)
Jul 30, 2013 – Nov 10, 2014 P079 (CE 318, 8 filters)
Nov 24, 2014 – Nov 08, 2015 P715 (CE 318N)
Aerosol climatology parameters
AOT – Aerosol Optical Thickness (a) and its spectral dependence are the most
relevant climatic characteristics of aerosols because they define the Earth’s
surface irradiance (Bouger law)
H – atmosphere column geometrical height;
ZS – the zenit angle of the Sun;
N(r) – aerosol particle radius distribution;
Q(…) – particles extinction efficiency factor;
m() – particles complex spectral refractive index
Acceptable uncertainties of AOT determination ≈ 0.01 over ocean; 0.03 over land
Climatic significant radiance flux variations on the Earth’s surface ≈ 0.25 W/m2
dhdrhrNmr
Qr
H r
r
a
0
2 ),(,2max
min
Astronomy and Space Physics in Kyiv university, May 24 - 27, 2016, Kyiv, Ukraine
S
a
CosZII
exp0
Aerosol climatology parameters
The Angstrom exponent ()
maa 1
Angstrom empirical formula
of AOT spectral dependence
Astronomy and Space Physics in Kyiv university, May 24 - 27, 2016, Kyiv, Ukraine
21
12
/lg
/lg
aa
From AERONET measurements
1 = 870 nm, 2 = 440 nm
Kyiv AERONET/PHOTONS
site
Statistics of the direct Sun
observations
Number of observations L2.0 per month
averaged over 2008 - 2015
Number days of observations L2.0
per months averaged over 2008 - 2015
Number of observations L2.0 every year
Kyiv AOD 440 nm statistics
Density function of the AOD 440 nm distribution
(over all points during all time of observations)
The most probable AOD 440 nm are 0.1 to 0.2
Density functions of AOD 440 nm
distribution for each year (all points used)
0.1 to 0.2 are the most probable every year.
Wild fires influence is revealed in 2010
Kyiv AOD 440 nm statistics
Yearly averaged data, (all points used, 10
months for 2015)
AOD decrease during 2008 – 2015 (?)
2010 – wild fire influence
Averaged data over 2008 – 2015
for each month (all points).
Two maximums are every year:
in Spring (April) and in the last of
Summer (August)
Angstrom Exponent (440 – 870 nm) statistics
Density function of the AExp distribution
(over all points during all time of
observations)
The most probable AExp are 1.4 to 1.8
Density functions of AExp distribution
for each year (all points used).
1.4 to 1.8 are the most probable every year.
But two groups of distributions are noticeable
AExp max are 1.4 to 1.6 in 2009 – 2012;
1.6 to 1.8 in 2008, 2013, 2014
Angstrom Exponent statistics
Yearly averaged data (all points
used)
AngExp decreases during 2008 –
2010
And increases during 2010 – 2015
(?)
2010 – wild fire influence
Averaged data over 2008 – 2015
for each month (all points).
Two maximums are every year:
in Spring (April) and in the Summer
(July&August)
Particles effective
radius statistics
Difficult to comment the year to year variations –
StdDev are very large
Reff total computed from all points data Level 2.0
The most probable values 0.2 to 0.3 µm
Particles size distribution
Log-normal law
2
0lnln
2
1exp
2
1
r
rr
rrrn
SSA 440 nm statistics
Statistics of daily averaged data Level 2.0,
Only 104 values are obtained over all time of
observations.
The most probable values are 0.92 to 0.96.
Minimal values are in winter (February) (?)
Maximal values are in the autumn (?)
Spectral dependence are important,
did not consider here.
AOD 440 nm and Angstrom exponent
440 – 870 nm at different sites comparison
AOD 440 nm yearly values and behavior
over Kyiv site are similar to other
European urban sites,
It is much lover then over China sites and
considerably higher then over clear
air sites at Hawaii and Australia.
AExp of aerosol particles over the world
are very various.
AExp over Kyiv has medium values
Direct Radiative forcing (TOA) comparison
Luhansk site(The East of Ukraine)
Nov 21, 2011 to Aug 21, 2013
All points of AERONET data level 2.0
The most probable values are:
AOD 440 nm 0.1 to 0.3
AExp 1.3 to 1.7
Reff 0.2 to 0.3 µm
Martova site
(The East of Ukraine,Kharkiv region)
Dec 11, 2011 to Dec13, 2014
All points of AERONET data
level 2.0
The most probable values are:
AOD 440 nm 0.1 to 0.2
AExp 1.4 to 1.8
Reff 0.2 to 0.3 µm
Aerosol optical properties
from Microtops II measurementsV. Bovchaliuk, A. Bovchaliuk, G. Milinevsky et al.
Advances in Astronomy and Space Physics, 3, 46-52 (2013)
Period AOT Angström
exponent
440–870 nm340 nm 440 nm 675 nm 870 nm 1020 nm
27.06.2011 - 05.07.2011 0.42 0.10 0.30 0.07 0.16 0.04 0.10 0.03 0.11 0.03 1.60 0.77
10.09.2011 – 13.09.2011 0.29 0.07 0.21 0.05 0.12 0.02 0.08 0.01 0.08 0.02 1.48 0.63
04.07.2012 – 11.07.2012 0.40 0.09 0.29 0.07 0.16 0.04 0.10 0.03 0.09 0.03 1.63 0.76
AOT and Angström exponent values in the atmosphere over Rivne
Period AOT Angström
exponent
440–870 nm340 nm 440 nm 675 nm 870 nm 1020 nm
03.06.2011 - 06.06.2009 0.23 0.07 0.20 0.05 0.12 0.03 0.07 0.02 0.05 0.02 1.55 0.78
30.05.2011 – 03.06.2011 0.26 0.12 0.18 0.08 0.10 0.04 0.06 0.02 0.06 0.02 1.61 1.18
25.05.2012 – 03.06.2012 0.26 0.05 0.20 0.04 0.12 0.02 0.07 0.02 0.08 0.01 1.58 0.56
23.06.2012 – 24.062012 0.25 0.06 0.18 0.03 0.10 0.01 0.05 0.01 0.06 0.01 1.92 0.51
Aerosol characteristics in the atmosphere over Chornobyl region
Aerosol optical properties
from Microtops II measurementsV. Bovchaliuk, A. Bovchaliuk, G. Milinevsky et al.
Advances in Astronomy and Space Physics, 3, 46-52 (2013)
Period AOT Angström
exponent
440–870 nm440 nm 675 nm 870 nm 936 nm 1020 nm
26.07.2009 – 30.07.2009 0.18 0.06 0.13 0.05 0.12 0.05 0.11 0.05
25.08.2009 – 15.10.2009 0.16 0.06 0.11 0.05 0.11 0.05 0.11 0.05
13.11.2009 – 19.11.2009 0.25 0.09 0.17 0.10 0.13 0.10 0.12 0.09 0.95 1.53
28.05.2010 – 15.06.2010 0.14 0.05 0.10 0.04 0.12 0.04 0.13 0.05
12.08.2010 – 26.08.2010 0.25 0.15 0.18 0.10 0.17 0.09 0.16 0.07
15.09.2010 – 18.09.2010 0.20 0.09 0.14 0.05 0.14 0.05 0.15 0.04
05.06.2011 – 06.06.2011 0.27 0.04 0.15 0.02 0.09 0.02 0.08 0.02 1.69 0.47
01.08.2011 – 06.08.2011 0.20 0.05 0.11 0.02 0.07 0.02 0.07 0.01 1.59 0.58
Aerosol characteristics in the atmosphere over Odessa
Conclusions
1. Participation in the AERONET/PHOTONS program and collaboration with
LOA of University Lille 1 gave us a good chance to study aerosols in the
atmosphere over large area of Ukraine and to contribute to the international
data base.
2. Contamination of the atmosphere over Ukraine with aerosols is similar to
others areas of Eastern Europe and the aerosols properties (and sources of
aerosols) are very similar too.
3. Aerosol spatial distribution over Ukraine is approximately uniform but
special events of aerosol loading occur from time to time associated with fires
and aerosol particles transport by the air flows.
4. Observations over Kyiv AERONET/PHOTONS site suggest on the negative trend of the AOD during 2008 – 2015.
Thank you for your attention
Дякую за увагу