,uz;lhk; nkhop,uz;lhk; nkhop - govdoc.lk...,uz;lhk; nkhop,uz;lhk; nkhop jkpo;jkpo; Mrpupau; ; topfhl;b juk; 6 (2015 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ) jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw Njrpa fy;tp

,uz;lhk; nkhop,uz;lhk; nkhop,uz;lhk; nkhop,uz;lhk; nkhop

jkpo;jkpo;jkpo;jkpo;

Mrpupau;; topfhl;bMrpupau;; topfhl;bMrpupau;; topfhl;bMrpupau;; topfhl;b

juk; 6juk; 6juk; 6juk; 6

(2015 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ)(2015 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ)(2015 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ)(2015 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ)

jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;

=yq;fh ,izaj;jsk; :::: www.nie.lk kpd;dQ;ry; : [email protected]

,uz;lhk; nkhop,uz;lhk; nkhop,uz;lhk; nkhop,uz;lhk; nkhop

jkpo;jkpo;jkpo;jkpo;

Mrpupau;; topfhl;bMrpupau;; topfhl;bMrpupau;; topfhl;bMrpupau;; topfhl;b

juk; 6juk; 6juk; 6juk; 6

(2015 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ)(2015 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ)(2015 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ)(2015 Mk; Mz;bypUe;J eilKiwg;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ)

jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;

=yq;fh

,izaj;jsk;; : www.nie.lk

kpd;dQ;ry; : [email protected]

II

,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo; Mrpupau; topfhl;b juk; - 6

Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;> kùfk. ISBN ............................. Kjyhk; gjpg;G : 2015 Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk; jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw> nkhopfs;> khDltpay;> r%f tpQ;Qhd gPlk; Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk; kùfk =yq;fh. ,izaj;jsk; : www.nie.lk kpd;dQ;ry; : [email protected]

gjpg;G: Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;

III

gzpg;ghsu; ehafk; mtu;fspd; nra;jp

,yq;ifapd; ,ilepiyf; fy;tpapy; Gjpa Nju;r;rp ikag; ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; Kjw; fl;lk; 2007 Mk; Mz;L mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. vl;L Mz;LfSf;nfhUKiw Nkw;nfhs;sg;gLk; fiyj;jpl;l kWrPuikg;gpd; %yk; ,J mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;lJ. Njrpa kl;lj; Nju;r;rpfis mgptpUj;jp nra;Ak; Nehf;fpd; mbg;gilapy; Njrpa fy;tp Mizf;FOtpd; tpjg;GiufSf;fika mg;NghJ eilKiwapypUe;j cs;slf;fk; rhu;e;j fy;tp Kiwik ,jd; %yk; khw;wpaikf;fg;gl;lJ. Nju;r;rp ikaf; fiyj;jpl;lj;jpd; ,uz;lhk; fl;l kWrPuikg;ghdJ 2015Mk; Mz;bypUe;J juk; 6> 10 Mfpa tFg;Gf;fSf;F mKy;gLj;jg;glTs;sJ. ,e; Nehf;fj;ij milAk; nghUl;Lj; Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk; Ma;it mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l NgWfisAk; Mu;tyu;fSila gy;NtW MNyhridfisAk; gyjug;gl;ltu; fsplkpUe;Jk; ngw;Wf;nfhz;lJ. mtw;wpd; mbg;gilapy; epahag;gLj;jg;gl;lnjhU nrad;Kiwia mwpKfg;gLj;jpaJld; mjw;fikthd ghlj;jpl;lq;fisAk; Nkw;gb juq;fSf;fhf tpUj;jp nra;;Js;sJ. ,e;j epahag;gLj;jw; nrad;Kiwapw; fiyj;jpl;l kWrPuikg;gpd;NghJ epiyf;Fj;jhd xUq;fpizg;G Kiw gad;gLj;jg;gl;L> fPopUe;J Nky;Nehf;fpa mZFKiwapy; midj;Jg; ghlq;fSf;Fkhd Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs; Kiwikahf tpUj;jp nra;ag;gl;Ls;sd. NkYk;> mbg;gil tplaq;fspypUe;J cau; kl;lj;ij Nehf;fpr; nry;Yk; tifapy; mit xOq;FgLj;jg;gl;Lk; cs;sd. ghl cs;slf;fj;jpw; fhzg;gLk; $wpaJ $wy; kw;Wk; ghl cs;slf;fr; Rik vd;gtw;iw ,opepiyf;F ,l;Lr; nry;yTk; khztu; NeakhdJk; eilKiwf;Nfw;wJkhd fiyj;jpl;lnkhd;iw cUthf;Fk; Nehf;fpYk; fpilahd xUq;fpizg;ghdJ gad;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. Mrpupau;fSf;Fj; Njitahd topfhl;ly;fis toq;fTk; ghlj;ijj; jpl;lkplTk; fw;gpf;fTk; nraw;ghLfis Kd;ndLf;fTk; mstPL kw;Wk; kjpg;gPLfis Nkw;nfhs;sTk; cjTKfkhf Mrpupau; topfhl;bapw; Gjpa tbtikg;G mwpKfg;gLj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,t; topfhl;ly;fs; Mrpupau;fs; tFg;giwapy; nkd;NkYk; cw;gj;jpj; jpwDs;sJk; tpisjpwd; kpf;fJkhd tifapw; Jyq;Ftjw;F cjTk;. Gjpa Mrpupau; topfhl;bfs; khztu;fsJ Nju;r;rpfis tpUj;jp nra;Ak; tifapw; ju cs;sPLfisAk; Nkyjpf nraw;ghLfisAk; njupT nra;tjpy; Mrpupau;fSf;Fr; Rje;jpuj;ij toq;fpAs;sJ. ,g;Gjpa Mrpupau; topfhl;bfs; ghl cs;slf;fr; Rikia tpLj;J> tpje;Jiuf;fg;gl;l ghlE}y;fspd; %yk; ghl cs;slf;fj;ijg; g+uzg; gLj;jpAs;sJ. MfNt> Mrpupau;fs; Gjpa Mrpupau; topfhl;bfisg; gad;gLj;Jk; mNjNtis fy;tp ntspaPl;Lj; jpizf;fsj;jpdhw; jahupf;fg;gl;l ghlE}y;fisAk; nghUj;jkhd tifapw;; gad;gLj;Jjy; Ntz;Lk;. Mrpupau; ikaf; fy;tp KiwikapypUe;J khztu; ikaf; fy;tp Kiwikf;Fj; jskhw;wk; nra;tJk; NtiyAyfpw;F Vw;w tifapw; nghUj;jkhd kdpj tsq;fis tpUj;jp nra;tJk; Njitahd Nju;r;rpfisAk; jpwd;fisAk; ghlrhiyapypUe;J ntspNaWk; khztu;fs; ngw;Wf;nfhs;tjw;Fj; Njitahd nraw;ghL rhu;e;j fy;tp Kiwikia tpUj;jp nra;tJk; Nkw;gb epahag;gLj;jg;gl;l ghlj;jpl;lk;> Mrpupau; topfhl;bapd; Gjpa tbtikg;G kw;Wk; ghlE}y;fs; vd;gtw;wpd; mbg;gil Nehf;fq;fshFk;. Gjpa Mrpupau; topfhl;bia cUthf;Ftjpw; gq;fspg;Gr; nra;j Njrpa fy;tp epWtfj;jpd; fy;tprhu; mYty;fs; rig kw;Wk; Nguit cWg;gpdu;fSf;Fk; midj;J tsthsu; fSf;Fk; vdJ ed;wpfs; cupj;jhfpd;wd. gzpg;ghsu; ehafk;gzpg;ghsu; ehafk;gzpg;ghsu; ehafk;gzpg;ghsu; ehafk; Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;

IV

gpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafj;jpd; nra;jpgpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafj;jpd; nra;jpgpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafj;jpd; nra;jpgpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafj;jpd; nra;jp

fw;wy; vd;gJ gue;J tpupe;J nry;tnjhd;whFk;. mJ tho;f;ifia Nkk;gLj;jTk;

vspikg;gLj;jTk; ty;yJ. kdpjd; fw;Fk; Mw;wypy; cr;r epiyapy; cs;shd;. kdpj> r%f

mgptpUj;jpia ikakhff; nfhz;l xU ehLk; mjd; r%fKk; mwpthw;wypdhy; ,dq;fz;l>

epakkw;wtw;iwf; fistjw;Fk;. ey;ytw;iwg; gz;gLj;jpg; Gj;Jyifg; gilg;gjw;fhd fUtpaha;

miktJ fy;tpahFk;.

fw;wYf;fhfg; ngWkjpkpf;fit vitNah mitAk;> fw;wy; Kiwapay;fSk; trjpfSk;

fy;tpiar; #o cUthjy; Ntz;Lk;. fiyj;jpl;lk;> ghlj;jpl;lk;> topfhl;bfs;> trjp nra;Nthu;

Nghd;witnay;yhk; ,t;tifapNyNa fy;tpj;Jiwapw; Nru;e;J nfhs;fpd;wd.

,yq;if> etPd nry;newpfisAk; gz;ila mUQ;nry;tq;fisAk; fyf;fr; nra;J jkJ

fy;tpf;Nfhyj;ij cUthf;fpf;nfhz;Ls;sJ. rkfhyj; NjitfSf;fika kWrPuikg;GfspD}lhf

vl;L Mz;LfSf;nfhUjlit ,w;iwg;gLj;jg;gLk; fiyj;jpl;lj;Jf;Fupa xU fw;wy; tskhf

,t;thrpupau; topfhl;bfs; jahupf;fg;gLfpd;wd.

ghlf; Fwpf;Nfhs;fspd; xj;jjd;ikia Njrpa kl;lj;jpy; NgZtJ mtrpakhFk;. vdpDk;>

Mrpupau; topfhl;bapw; jug;gl;Ls;s fw;wy; Kiwapay;fs; rw;NwDk; gprfhJ mr;nrhl;lhfg;

gad;gLj;Jtjw;Fupitad;W. ghlj;jpl;lj;jpd; Nju;r;rpfs;> Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fis miltjw;fhfg;

ghltplaq;fspd; %yk; fw;ww; NgWfis mz;kpg;gjw;fhff; fw;wy; Kiwapay;fis

Mf;fg+u;tkhdjhf khw;wpaikj;Jf; nfhs;tjw;fhd Rje;jpuk; trjp nra;J nfhLg;NghUf;F cz;L

vd;gjpy; Iakpy;iy. khztuJ milTr; rjtPjj;ij caupa kl;lj;jpw;F ,l;Lr; nry;y cjTk;

kw;Wk; mjw;fhd trjpfisr; nra;J nfhLf;Fk; MrpupauJ tfpghfj;jpw;F ce;Jjyspg;gjw;fhfj;

jahupf;fg;gl;Ls;s Mrpupau; topfhl;bia Mrpupau;fs; kl;Lkd;wp khztUk; ngw;NwhUk; $l

gad;gLj;jyhk;. Fwpj;j ghlj;jpd; ghlE}Yf;Fj; Jizahf mikAk; xU rhjdkhd ,t;thrpupau;

topfhl;b> kw;WnkhU ghlE}y; md;W vd;gij mwpe;J ghlE}y;> Mrpupau; topfhl;b Mfpa

,uz;ilAk; Mrpupau;fs; gad;gLj;j Ntz;Lk;.

me;je;jg; ghlj;jpd; milT njhlu;gpy;> Njrpa epiyg; guPl;rfu;fshy; vjpu;ghu;f;fg;ngWk;

milTfis> khztu;fs; mile;Js;sduh vd;gJ gw;wpg; ghlepiwtpy; tFg;giwapy; trjp

nra;J nfhLg;gtu;fshy; kjpg;gplg; ngWjy; Ntz;Lk;. fspg;g+l;lj;jf;f nrOikahd gz;ghl;ilf;

fl;bnaOg;Gtjw;fhd xU fUtpahf ,t;thrpupau; topfhl;b mika Ntz;Lnkdg;

gpuhu;j;jpf;fpd;Nwd;.

gPlhjpgjp> gpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafk;gPlhjpgjp> gpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafk;gPlhjpgjp> gpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafk;gPlhjpgjp> gpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafk;

nkhopfs;> khDltpay; kw;Wk; r%f tpQ;Qhd gPlk;nkhopfs;> khDltpay; kw;Wk; r%f tpQ;Qhd gPlk;nkhopfs;> khDltpay; kw;Wk; r%f tpQ;Qhd gPlk;nkhopfs;> khDltpay; kw;Wk; r%f tpQ;Qhd gPlk;

Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;

V

mwpKfk;

gy;ypd> gd;nkhopg; gz;ghl;Lr; #oypy; thOk; kf;fs; jkf;fpilNa Gupe;Jzu;T> If;fpak; vd;gtw;iw tsu;j;Jf; nfhs;sTk; gue;j mwpT> kdg;ghq;F vd;gtw;iw Vw;gLj;jpf; nfhs;sTk; khw;Wr; r%fq;fspd; nkhopfis mwpe;jpUj;jy; gad; kpf;fjhFk;. ,yq;ifiag; nghWj;jtiuapy; rpq;fsnkhop NgRk; r%fj;jtu; jkpo; nkhopiaAk; jkpo;nkhop NgRk; r%fj;jtu; rpq;fs nkhopiaAk; fw;gJ ,U r%fq;fspilapYk; Gupe;Jzu;itAk; cwitAk; Vw;gLj;j top nra;Ak; gad;kpf;f eltbf;ifahFk;.

mt;tifapy; Kjd;nkhopahfpa jha;nkhop (rpq;fsk; / jkpo;)> ru;tNjr nkhopahfpa

Mq;fpyk; vd;gtw;Wld; ,uz;lhk; nkhopiaAk; (jkpo; / rpq;fsk;) fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jy; mtrpak;

vd;gJ Njrpa fy;tpf; nfhs;ifapy; typAWj;jg;gl;Ls;sJ. ,jdbg;gilapy; jahupf;fg;gl;l juk; -

6 f;fhd “ ,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;” ghlk; 2015 Mk; Mz;L Kjy; eilKiwf;F tuTs;sJ.

NkYk;> ,g;ghlj;jpy; nkhopj;jpwd;fshd Nfl;ly;> Ngr;R> thrpg;G> vOj;J vd;gtw;wpy; juk; -

6 khztu;fs; mila Ntz;ba Nju;r;rpfs; jPu;khdpf;fg;gl;L> mtw;Wf;fhd Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fs;;

gbKiwg;gLj;jpj; jug;gl;Ls;sd. Mrpupau;> Nju;r;rp kl;lq;fspd; gbKiw tsu;r;rpiaf; fUj;jpw;

nfhz;Lk; nghUj;jkhd fw;gpj;jy; cj;jpfisf; ifahz;Lk; jkJ fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jy;

nraw;ghLfis Nkw;nfhs;sy; Ntz;Lk;. mj;NjhL jhk; fw;gpf;Fk; tFg;Gf;F Kw;gl;l tFg;Gfspd;

ghl tplak; gw;wp mwpe;jpUf;f Ntz;Lk;. mJ kl;Lkpd;wp> xt;nthU tFg;Gf;Fk; fw;gpf;Fk;NghJk;

Kd;ida tFg;Gg; ghl tplaq;fSld; njhlu;Ggl;l tplaq;fis kPl;Lg; ghu;g;gJk; mtrpakhFk;.

mjw;fika “ ,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;” ghlj;jpd; Fwpf;Nfhs;fis epiwT nra;jthW

Nju;r;rpkpf;f ,sQ; re;jjpapdiu cUthf;Ftjw;F topfhl;LtNj ,e;j Mrpupau; topfhl;bapd;

vjpu;ghu;g;ghFk;. ,e;E}y; njhlu;ghf cq;fsJ Mf;fg+u;tkhd fUj;Jf;fis vkf;F mDg;gp

itf;FkhW jaTld; Nfl;Lf; nfhs;fpd;Nwhk;. gzpg;ghsu; gzpg;ghsu; gzpg;ghsu; gzpg;ghsu; jkpo;nkhopj;Jiwjkpo;nkhopj;Jiwjkpo;nkhopj;Jiwjkpo;nkhopj;Jiw Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;

VI

fiyj;jpl;lf; FO

MNyhridAk; mDkjpAk; : fy;tprhu; mYty;fs; rig> Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk; ghl tpla MNyhrid : Nguhrpupau; nr. Nahfuh[h nkhopj;Jiw> fpof;Fg; gy;fiyf;fofk; fyhepjp. =. gpurhe;jd; rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsu;> [atu;j;jdGu gy;fiyf;fofk; fyhepjp c. etuj;dk; epGzj;Jt MNyhrfu;> [p.I.,]l; (GIZ) t. tp[anyl;Rkp gzpg;ghsu;> jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw> Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk; ,izg;ghf;fk; : jpUkjp eh. rPjud; rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsu;> jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw> Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk; jpU. K. jahepjp rpNu\;l tpupTiuahsu;> jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw> Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk; tsg; gq;fspg;G : t. tp[anyl;Rkp gzpg;ghsu;> jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw> Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk; nry;tp khfpwpj;jh Ntjehafk; rpNu\;l Mrpupau;> gk;gyg;gpl;b ,e;Jf;fy;Y}up> nfhOk;G - 04 jpUkjp. ,. ujp NjtRe;juk; Mrpupa MNyhrfu;> tyaf; fy;tp MYtyfk;> fz;b nry;tp N[.ghywQ;rdp khfhzf; fy;tp mYtyfk;> Nky; khfhzk; jpU. Nt. jpUr;rNgrd; Mrpupau; kj;jpa epiyak;> jPtff; fy;tp tyak;> Ntyiz [dhg;. Mu;.rjhj; Mrpupau;> jp / jhUy; cYk; k.tp> fpz;zpah jpU. ngh. mNrhf;Fkhu; Mrpupau;> t / lNyh]; j.k.tp.> clg;Gry;yht> Etnuypah jpU. rp. fhz;Bgd; mgptpUj;jp cjtpahsu;> fy;tp ntspaPl;Lj; jpizf;fsk; nkhopg;gjpg;G : t. tp[anyl;Rkp gzpg;ghsu;> jkpo;nkhopj; Jiw> Njrpa fy;tp epWtfk;

VII

Mrpupau; topfhl;biag;

gad;gLj;Jtjw;fhd mwpTWj;jy;fs;

2007 Mk; Mz;L njhlf;fk; ghlrhiyfspy; fiyj;jpl;lj;jpy; njhFjpg; ghlq;fSs; xd;whf ,Ue;JtUk; ,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;g; ghlk; 2015 Mk; Mz;bYk; mjd; gpd;dUk; mNjtpjkhf eilKiwg;gLj;jg;gLk;. 6-11 Me; juq;fSf;fhf thunkhd;Wf;F ,uz;L ghlNtisfs; xJf;fg;gl;;Ls;sd.

6-11 Me;juq;fSf;fhf Nju;r;rpfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l mZFKiwapd; gb

gpujhdkhf Nfl;ly;> Ngr;R> thrpg;G> vOj;J vd;Dk; ehd;F Nju;r;rpfspd; fPo; juk; 6 f;fhd

,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;g; ghlf; fiyj;jpl;lk; fl;bnaOg;gg;gl;Ls;sJ. fiyj;jpl;lj;ij

eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;fhf jahupf;fg;gl;Ls;s ,e;j Mrpupau; topfhl;bahdJ ghlj;jpl;lk;>

ghlj;jpl;lj;ij eilKiwg;gLj;Jtjw;Fupa mwpTWj;jy;fs; vDk; ,uz;L gFjpfisf;

nfhz;like;Js;sJ.

‘,uz;lhk; nkhop - jkpo;’ ghlj;jpd; %yk; khztuplj;Nj fl;bnaOg;g vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLk;

Nju;r;rpfis tpUj;jp nra;Ak;NghJ ghlq;fSk; mg;ghlq;fisg; gapYtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jk;

Kiwapay;fSk; Kf;fpakhdit. ,t; Mrpupau; topfhl;bapy;; cs;s nrhw;fsQ;rpaknrhw;fsQ;rpaknrhw;fsQ;rpaknrhw;fsQ;rpak; vd;Dk;

gFjp Mrpupau; jkJ fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jy; nraw;ghl;il rpwg;ghf Nkw;nfhs;s cjtpahf mikAk;.

,t;thW nraw;ghL rhu;e;j fw;wy; re;ju;g;gq;fisj; jpl;lkpl;L toq;Ftjd; %yk; khztu;

ghlq;fisg; gapy;tjw;F topg;gLj;JtNj ,q;F vjpu;ghu;f;fg;gLfpd;wJ.

E}y; Mf;ff; FOE}y; Mf;ff; FOE}y; Mf;ff; FOE}y; Mf;ff; FO

VIII

nghUslf;fk; gf;fk;

01. gzpg;ghsu; ehafk; mtu;fspd; nra;jp iii

02. gpujpg; gzpg;ghsu; ehafk; mtu;fspd; nra;jp iv

03. mwpKfk; v

04. fiyj;jpl;lf; FO vi

05. Mrpupau; topfhl;biag; gad;gLj;Jtjw;Fupa

mwpTWj;jy;fs; vii

06. ghlj;jpl;lk; viii

07. fw;wy; - fw;gpj;jw; nrad;Kiwf;Fupa topfhl;ly;

1.0 Nfl;ly; 01 - 14

2.0 Ngr;R 15 - 27

3.0 thrpg;G 28 - 35

4.0 vOj;J 36 - 41

ghlj;jpl;lkghlj;jpl;lkghlj;jpl;lkghlj;jpl;lkghlj;jpl;lk ;; ;; ;

ix

X

NNNNjrpa ,yf;Ffs;jrpa ,yf;Ffs;jrpa ,yf;Ffs;jrpa ,yf;Ffs;

Njrpa fy;tp KiwikahdJ> jdpegu;f;Fk; r%fj;jpw;Fk; nghUj;jkhd ngUk;ghyhd Njrpa

,yf;Ffis miltjw;Fj; jdpegu;fSf;Fk; FOtpdUf;Fk; cjtp nra;jy; Ntz;Lk;. fle;j fhyq;fspy; ,yq;ifapd; ngUk;ghyhd fy;tp mwpf;iffSk; Mtzq;fSk; jdpegu; NjitfisAk; Njrpa NjitfisAk; epiwT nra;tjw;fhf ,yf;Ffis epu;zapj;Js;sd. rkfhy fy;tp mikg;GfspYk; nrad;KiwfspYk; ntspg;gilahff; fhzg;gLk; gytPdq;fs; fhuzkhf> epiyNgWila kdpj tpUj;jpapd; vz;zf;fUj;jpl;l tuk;gpDs; fy;tpapD}lhf milaf;$ba gpd;tUk; ,yf;Fj; njhFjpapid Njrpa fy;tp Mizf;FO ,dq;fz;Ls;sJ. 1. kdpj nfsutj;ijf; fz;zpag;gLj;jy; vDk; vz;zf;fUTf;fs; Njrpag;gpizg;G> Njrpa KOik> Njrpa xw;Wik> ,zf;fk;> rkhjhdk; vd;gtw;iw Nkk;gLj;jy; %yKk; ,yq;ifg; gd;ikr; r%fj;jpd; fyhrhu NtWghl;bid mq;fPfupj;jy; %yKk; Njrj;ijf; fl;b vOg;GjYk; ,yq;ifau; vDk; milahsj;ij Vw;gLj;jYk;.

2. khw;wKWk; cyfj;jpd; rthy;fSf;Fj; jf;fthW Kfq;nfhLj;jNyhL> Njrpa ghuk;gupaj;jpd; mjp rpwe;j mk;rq;fis mq;fPfupj;jYk; NgZjYk;.

3. kdpj cupikfSf;F kjpg;gspj;jy;> flikfs;> fl;Lg;ghLfs; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;T> xUtu; kPJ xUtu; nfhz;Ls;s Mo;e;j> ,ilawhj mf;fiwAzu;T vd;gtw;iw Nkk;gLj;Jk; r%f ePjpAk; [dehaf tho;f;ifKiw epakq;fSk; cs;slq;fpa Rw;whliy cUthf;FjYk; Mjupj;jYk;.

4. xUtuJ cs> cly; eyidAk; kdpj tpOkpaq;fSf;F kjpg;gspg;gij mbg;gilahff; nfhz;l epiyNgWila tho;f;iff; Nfhyj;ijAk; Nkk;gLj;jy;

5. ed;F xd;wpizf;fg;gl;l rkepiy MSikf;Fupa Mf;f rpe;jid> jw;WzpG> Ma;e;J rpe;jpj;jy;> nghWg;G> tif$wy; kw;Wk; cld;ghlhd mk;rq;fis tpUj;jp nra;jy;.

6. jdpeguJk; Njrj;jpdJk; tho;f;ifj; juj;ijg; Ngh\pf;ff; $baJk; ,yq;ifapd; nghUshjhu mgptpUj;jpf;Fg; gq;fspf;ff; $baJkhd Mf;fg; gzpfSf;fhd fy;tpA+l;Ltjd; %yk; kdpjts mgptpUj;jpia Vw;gLj;jy;.

7. jdpegu;fspd; khw;wj;jpw;F Vw;g> ,zq;fp thoTk; khw;wj;ij Kfhik nra;aTk; jahu;gLj;jTk; tpiuthf khwptUk; cyfpy; rpf;fyhdJk;> vjpu;ghuhjJkhd epiyikfisr; rkhspf;Fk; jifikia tpUj;jp nra;jy;.

8. ePjp> rkj;Jtk;> gu];gu kupahij vd;gtw;iw mbg;gilahff; nfhz;L> ru;tNjr rKjhaj;jpy; nfsutkhdNjhu; ,lj;ijg; ngWtjw;Fg; gq;fspf;ff;$ba kdg;ghq;FfisAk; jpwd;fisAk; tsu;j;jy;.

(Njrpa fy;tp Mizf;FO mwpf;if Njrpa fy;tp Mizf;FO mwpf;if Njrpa fy;tp Mizf;FO mwpf;if Njrpa fy;tp Mizf;FO mwpf;if ---- 2003 jpnrk;gu;)2003 jpnrk;gu;)2003 jpnrk;gu;)2003 jpnrk;gu;)

XI

mbg;gilj; Nju;r;rpfs;mbg;gilj; Nju;r;rpfs;mbg;gilj; Nju;r;rpfs;mbg;gilj; Nju;r;rpfs;

fy;tpapD}lhf tpUj;jp nra;ag;gLk; gpd;tUk; mbg;gilj; Nju;r;rpfs; Nkw;Fwpj;j Njrpa ,yf;Ffis miltjw;F toptFf;Fk;. 1.1.1.1. njhlu;ghly; Nju;r;rpfs;njhlu;ghly; Nju;r;rpfs;njhlu;ghly; Nju;r;rpfs;njhlu;ghly; Nju;r;rpfs; njhlu;ghly; gw;wpa Nju;r;rpfs; ehd;F Jizj; njhFjpfis mbg;gilahff; nfhz;lit. vOj;jwpT> vz;zwpT> rpj;jpu mwpT> jfty; njhopDl;gj; jifik.

vOj;jwpT: ftdkhfr; nrtpkLj;jy;> njspthfg; NgRjy;> fUj;jwpa

thrpj;jy;> rupahfTk; nrk;ikahfTk; vOJjy;> gad;jUk; tifapyhd fUj;Jg; gupkhw;wk;

vz;zwpT: nghUs;> ,lk;> fhyk; vd;gtw;Wf;F vz;fisg; gad;gLj;jy;>

vz;Zjy;> fzpj;jy;> xOq;F Kiwahf msj;jy; rpj;jpu mwpT: NfhL> cUtk; vd;gtw;wpd; fUj;ij mwpjy;. tpguq;fs;>

mwpTWj;jy;fs;> vz;zq;fs; Mfpatw;iwf; NfhL> cUtk;> tu;zk; vd;g tw;why; ntspg;gLj;jYk; gjpT nra;jYk;

jfty; njhopDl;gj; jifik: fzpdp mwpT - fw;wypy;> njhopy; Rw;whlypy;> nrhe;j

tho;tpy; jfty; njhlu;ghly; njhopy; El;gq;fisg; (ICT) gad;gLj;jy;

2.2.2.2. MSik tpUj;jp njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;MSik tpUj;jp njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;MSik tpUj;jp njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;MSik tpUj;jp njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;

- Mf;fk;> tpupe;j rpe;jid> jw;WzpG> jPu;khdk; vLj;jy;> gpur;rpid tpLtpj;jy;> EZf;fkhd kw;Wk; gFg;gha;Tr; rpe;jid> mzpapduhfg; gzp nra;jy;> jdpahs; ,iltpidj; njhlu;Gfs;> fz;Lgpbj;jYk; fz;lwpjYk; Kjyhd jpwikfs;

- Neu;ik> rfpg;Gj; jd;ik> kdpj nfsutj;ijf; fz;zpag;gLj;jy; Mfpa tpOkpaq;fs;

- kd vOr;rpfs;> Ez;zwpT

3.3.3.3. #oy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs; #oy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs; #oy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs; #oy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs; ,j;Nju;r;rpfs; #oNyhL (r%fk;> capupay;> ngsjpfk;) njhlu;GWfpd;wd.

r%fr; #oy;: Njrpa ghuk;gupak; gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;T> gd;ikr; r%fj;jpd; mq;fj;jtu;fs; vd;w tifapy; njhlu;GWk; Ez;Zzu;Tj; jpwd;fSk;> gfpu;e;jspf;fg;gLk; ePjp> r%fj; njhlu;Gfs;> jdpegu; elj;ijfs;> nghJthdJk; rl;lG+u;tkhdJkhd rk;gpujhaq;fs;> cupikfs;> nghWg;Gf;fs;> flikfs;> flg;ghLfs; vd;gtw;wpy; mf;fiwAk;

XII

capupay; #oy;: thOk; cyF> kf;fs;> capupay; #oy; njhFjp - kuq;fs;> fhLfs;> fly;>

ePu;> tsp> capupd jhtuk;> tpyq;F> kdpj tho;T ngsjpfr; #oy;: ,lk;> rf;jp> vupnghUs;> rlg;nghUs;> nghUs;fs; gw;wpAk; mit kdpj

tho;f;if> czT> cil> ciwAs;> Rfhjhuk;> nrsfupak;> Rthrk;> epj;jpiu> ,isg;ghWjy;> Xa;T> fopTfs;> capupd fopTg; nghUl;fs; Mfpatw;Wld; nfhz;Ls;s njhlu;G gw;wpa tpopg;Gzu;Tk;> Ez;Zzu;Tj; jpwd;fSk; fw;wYf;Fk; Ntiy nra;tjw;Fk; tho;tjw;Fk; fUtpfisAk; njhopDl;gq;fisAk; gad;gLj;Jk; jpwd;fSk; ,q;F cs;slf;fg;gl;Ls;sd.

4.4.4.4. Ntiy cyfj;jpw;F jahu; nra;jy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;Ntiy cyfj;jpw;F jahu; nra;jy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;Ntiy cyfj;jpw;F jahu; nra;jy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;Ntiy cyfj;jpw;F jahu; nra;jy; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs; mtu;fsJ rf;jpia cr;r epiyf;Ff; nfhz;L tUtjw;Fk; mtu;fsJ Mw;wiyg; Ngh\pg;gjw;Fk; Ntz;ba njhopy;rhu; jpwd;fs;.

- nghUshjhu tpUj;jpf;Fg; gq;fspj;jy; - mtu;fsJ njhopy; tpUg;GfisAk; csr;rhu;GfisAk; fz;lwpjy; - mtu;fsJ Mw;wy;fSf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd Ntiyiaj; njupT nra;jy; - gadspf;ff; $baJk; epiyNgWilaJkhd [PtNdhghaj;jpy; <Lgly; 5.5.5.5. rkaKk; xOfyhWk; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;rkaKk; xOfyhWk; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;rkaKk; xOfyhWk; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;rkaKk; xOfyhWk; njhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs; md;whl tho;f;ifapy; kpfg; nghUj;jkhdtw;iwj; njupT nra;aTk; ehshe;j tho;f;ifapy; xOf;fnewp> mwnewp> rkanewp njhlu;ghd elj;ijfisg; nghUj;jKw Nkw;nfhs;sTk; tpOkpaq;fisj; jd;kakhf;fpf; nfhs;sYk; cs;thq;fYk;

6.6.6.6. Xa;T Neuj;ijg; gad;gLj;jy;> tpisahl;Lg; gw;wpa NXa;T Neuj;ijg; gad;gLj;jy;> tpisahl;Lg; gw;wpa NXa;T Neuj;ijg; gad;gLj;jy;> tpisahl;Lg; gw;wpa NXa;T Neuj;ijg; gad;gLj;jy;> tpisahl;Lg; gw;wpa Nju;r;rpfs;ju;r;rpfs;ju;r;rpfs;ju;r;rpfs; mofpaw; fiyfs;> ,yf;fpak;> tpisahl;L> nka;ty;Yeu; Nghl;bfs;> Xa;T Neug; nghOJNghf;Ffs; kw;Wk; tho;tpd; Mf;fG+u;tr; nraw;ghLfs; %yk; ntspg;gLj;jg;gLk; ,d;g Efu;r;rp> kfpo;r;rp> kdntOr;rpfs; ,it Nghd;w kdpj mDgtq;fs;

7.7.7.7. “fw;wYf;Ff; fw;wy;fw;wYf;Ff; fw;wy;fw;wYf;Ff; fw;wy;fw;wYf;Ff; fw;wy;” njhnjhnjhnjhlu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;lu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;lu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs;lu;ghd Nju;r;rpfs; tpiuthf khWfpd;w> rpf;fyhd> xUtupy; xUtu; jq;fp epw;fpd;w cynfhd;wpy; xUtu; RahjPdkhff; fw;gjw;fhd typikaspj;jYk; khw;wpaikf;Fk; nrad;Kiw Clhf> khw;wj;jpw;Nfw;g ,aq;fTk; mjid Kfhik nra;aTk; Ntz;ba czu;itAk; ntw;wpiaAk; ngwr; nra;jy;.

Nfl;ly; Nfl;ly; Nfl;ly; Nfl;ly; Nfl;ly;

Nju;r ;rpNju;r ;rpNju;r ;rpNju;r ;rpNju;r ;rp Nju;r ;rpNju;r ;rpNju;r ;rpNju;r ;rpNju;r ;rp tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; fw;wy; NgWfs;fw;wy; NgWfs;fw;wy; NgWfs;fw;wy; NgWfs;fw;wy; NgWfs; ghlNtisghlNtisghlNtisghlNtisghlNtis

1.0 ehshe;jr;

re;ju;g;gq;fs;

njhlu;ghfj;

jahupf;fg;gl;l

,yFthd

$w;Wfisr;

nrtpkLj;J

mtw;iw

1.1 gz;ghd

ciuahly;fisr;

nrtpkLj;Jj;

Jyq;Fthu;.

1.2 mwpTWj;jy; -

fSf;Fr;

nrtpkLj;Jj;

1.3 topelj;jy;fSf;Fr;

nrtpkLj;Jj;

Jyq;Fthu;.

1.4 mwptpj;jy;fSf;Fr;

nrtpkLj;Jj;

Jyq;Fthu;.

1.5 thndhyp> xypehlh

xypgug;Gfs; fij>ghly;isr;nrtpkLj;J,uridia

ntspf;fhl;Lthu;.

• ghlrhiy

tFg;giwapy; Kjy;

ehs; re;jpg;G

c-k;: tzf;fk;>

vg;gb Rfk;

• vdJ FLk;gk;

- vspikahd

mwpTWj;jy;fs;

• Mrpupau; khztu;

ciuahly;

• gazpfSf;fhd

mwptpj;jy;fs;

c-k;: g];epiyak;

• ,yFthd fij

- MikAk;

KaYk;

• ,yFthd ghly;

- epyh epyh

• tpsq;Ftjw;F RKfkhd

Ngr;Rf;fis

mtjhdkhff; Nfl;Lj;

Jyq;Fthu;.

• tpsq;Ftjw;F ,yFthd

mwpTWj;jy;fisf;

Nfl;Lf;; fpufpj;Jj;

Jyq;Fthu;.

• kpfTk; ,yFthd

jfty;fisr;

nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.

• kpf ,yFthd RKfkhd

Ngr;Rfisr; nrtpkLj;J

mjw;Nfw;gr; nraw;gLthu;.

• ,yFthd njspthd

xypgug;Gfs; fij>

ghly;isr; nrtpkLj;J

,uridia

ntspf;fhl;Lthu;.

03

03

03

03

03

,dq;fz;L

Jyq;Fthu;.

xiii


2.0 nghJthd

tplaq;fs;

njhlu;ghd

ntt;NtW

jiyg;Gfspy;

ciuahLtjw;F

Kd;te;J

nraw;gLthu;.

2.1 mwpTWj;jy;fis

tpsq;fpr;

nraw;gLthu;.

2.2 topelj;jy;fisg;

gpd;gw;wp ciuahl

Kd;tUthu;.

2.3 el;GuPjpahf

ciuahLtjw;F

Kd;tUthu;.

2.4 jfty;fisg;

gupkhwpf;

nfhs;tjw;fhf

ciuahLthu;.

• ez;gu;fSf;F

,ilapyhd

ciuahly;

,yFthd

mwpTWj;jy;fs;:

• fhiy czT

• g+q;fhtpw;Fr; nry;y

topNfl;Fk;

re;ju;g;gk;

• Ra mwpKfk; - ez;gUld;

ciuahLjy;

• tPl;by; epfOk;

RKfkhd

ciuahly;

- ijg;nghq;fy;

• kpf ,yFthd

mwpTWj;jy;fis

tpsq;fpj; Jyq;Fthu;.

• ,yFthd

topelj;jy;fis tpsq;fp

ciuahLthu;.

• kpf ,yFthd

tpdhf;fis tpdtp

ciuahLthu;.

• vz;zq;fisAk;

fUj;Jf;fisAk;

gupkhwpf;nfhs;thu;.

Ngr;RNgr;RNgr;RNgr;RNgr;R

04

04

04

03

x iv


2.5 nfhLf;fy;

thq;fy;fspy;

<LgLtjw;fhf

ciuahLthu;.

2.6 rpwpa thf;fpaq; -

fSldhd

ciuahly;fisf;

nfhz;l ehlfq;fis

ebg;gjw;F

Kd;tUthu;.

• gof;filapy;

goq;fs;

thq;Fjy; - 1

• gof;filapy;

goq;fs;

thq;Fjy; - 2

• nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;

re;ju;g;gq;fSf;Nfw;g

ciuahLthu;.

• kpf ,yFthd

gupr;rakhd

ciuahly;fisg;

gad;gLj;jp;> ehlfk;

ebg;ghu;.

03

03

x v


3.1 fbjq;fisAk;

NtW gbtq;fisAk;

ghly;;fisAk;

tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.

3.2 ,yf;fpaq;fis

tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.

3.3 mwpTWj;jy;fis

tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.

3.4 fl;Gy> nrtpg;Gy

rhjdq;fs; %yk;

jfty;fisg; ghu;j;J

tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.

• ,yFthd nrhw;fs;

nfhz;l ghly;

(NtZk;> Ntzhk;)

• fhiyg;ghly;

fhf;fh... fhf;fh…

• ,yFthd mwpTWj;jy;fs;:

fhiy czT

• glq;fSld; $ba

,yFthd fij:

MikAk; KaYk;

• ,yFthd fbjq;fspy;

tUk; Kf;fpa

tplaq;fis tpsq;fp

thrpg;ghu;.

• gupr;rakhd jiyg;Gfspy;

cs;s Kf;fpa

tplaq;fis tpsq;fp

thrpg;ghu;.

• kpf ,yFthd

mwpTWj;jy;fis

tpsq;fp thrpj;Jj;

Jyq;Fthu;.

• glj;jpYs;s tplaq;fis

fUj;Js;s tifapy;

njhlu;GgLj;jp thrpg;ghu;.

03

03

03

04

3.0 ehshe;jj;

NjitfSf;fhf

ntt;NtW

re;ju;g;gq;fspy;

ciuahba

mwpKfkhd>

mwpKfkw;w

nrhw;fs;>

nrhw;nwhlu;fspy;

cs;s Kf;fpakhd

tplaq;fisf;

fpufpj;J thrpg;ghu;.

thrpg ;Gthrpg ;Gthrpg ;Gthrpg ;Gthrpg ;G

xvi


4.0 ehshe;jj;

NjitfSf;fhf

ntt;NtW

re;ju;g;gq;fspy;

ciuahba

mwpKfkhd>

mwpKfkw;w

nrhw;fs;>

nrhw;nwhlu;fspy;

cs;s

Kf;fpakhd

tplaq;fis

vOJthu;.

4.1 tpguq;fs;

cs;slq;fpa

ge;jpfis vOJthu;.

4.2 Mf;fg+u;tkhd

ge;jpfis vOJthu;.

• Ra mwpKfk;

• nry;yg;gpuhzp

• vOj;Jf;fs;> nrhw;fis

,dq;fz;L> cWg;gika

vOJthu;.

• gof;fkhd

jiyg;Gfisf; nfhz;L

,yFthd nrhw;;fis

vOJthu;.

• rk;gtq;fs;>

re;ju;g;gq;fs; njhlu;ghd

,yFthd jiyg;Gfspd;

fPo; Mf;fg+u;tkhd

njhlu;fis vOJthu;.

04

04

vOj;JvOj;JvOj;JvOj;JvOj;J

x v

ii

XVIII

fw;wy; fw;wy; fw;wy; fw;wy; ---- fw;gpj;jw;fw;gpj;jw;fw;gpj;jw;fw;gpj;jw; nrad;Kiwf;Fupatopfhl;ly;nrad;Kiwf;Fupatopfhl;ly;nrad;Kiwf;Fupatopfhl;ly;nrad;Kiwf;Fupatopfhl;ly;

1

Nju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rp ::::: 1.0 ehshe;jr; re;ju;g;gq;fs; njhlu;ghfj; jahupf;fg;gl;l

,yFthd $w;WfSf;Fr; nrtpkLj;J mtw;iw

,dq;fz;L Jyq;Fthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 1.1 gz;ghd ciuahly;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • Kjy; ehs; re;jpg;G

ghlNtghlNtghlNtghlNtghlNtisisisisis ::::: 03

fw;wfw;wfw;wfw;wfw;ww; NgWfs;:w; NgWfs;:w; NgWfs;:w; NgWfs;:w; NgWfs;:

• Mrpupau; cr;rupg;gij mtjhdkhff; Nfl;ghu;.

• tpsq;Ftjw;F ,yFthd Ngr;Rfis mtjhdkhff; Nfl;Lj; Jyq;Fthu;.

• Gjpa nrhw;fisf; Nfl;gjpy; tpUg;Gld; <LgLthu;.

• Gjpa nrhw;fis ,dq;fz;L> ez;gu;fSld; NgRthu;.

ghlj;ijj; jpl;lghlj;ijj; jpl;lghlj;ijj; jpl;lghlj;ijj; jpl;lghlj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:kpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:kpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:kpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:kpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:

• ghl E}ypy;> Nju;r;rp kl;lj;Jf;Fupa ghlj;jpYs;s nrhw;fis> Mrpupau;

rupahd cr;rupg;Gld; $Wk;NghJ> khztiu mtjhdkhff; Nfl;f topg;-

gLj;Jq;fs;.

• khztu;> kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; mtw;iwf; Nfl;gjw;Fr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.

• xt;nthU khztUk; jhk; Nfl;ltw;Wf;Fj;; Jyq;fiy ntspf;fhl;l ,lkspAq;fs;.

• khztiuf; FOthf ,aq;f topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

• “tzf;fk;> tzf;fk;> tzf;fk;> tzf;fk;> tzf;fk;> vg;gb Rfk;?vg;gb Rfk;?vg;gb Rfk;?vg;gb Rfk;?vg;gb Rfk;?” vd xU FOtpdu; Nfl;f> kw;iwa FOtpdu;

mtjhdkhff; Nfl;L> gjpYf;F “ehd; ey;y Rfkehd; ey;y Rfkehd; ey;y Rfkehd; ey;y Rfkehd; ey;y Rfk;” vdf; $w topg;gLj;;Jq;fs;.

,t;thNw> kw;iwa FOTk; Nfl;gjw;Fr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.

• khztu; ,lUWk;NghJ cjtp nra;J> mtu;fis Cf;fg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

Kjd;Kjd;Kjd;Kjd;Kjd;ikg; gjq;fs; ikg; gjq;fs; ikg; gjq;fs; ikg; gjq;fs; ikg; gjq;fs; / vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;:

• tho;;j;Jr; nrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;jp ciuahliy Muk;gpj;jy;

c-k;: tzf;fk;

• “vg;gbr; Rfk;;?” vdf; Nfl;ly;

• “ey;y Rfk;”, “ehd; ey;y Rfk;” vdg; gjpy; $wy;

jujujujujutpUj;jp cs;sPLfs;:tpUj;jp cs;sPLfs;:tpUj;jp cs;sPLfs;:tpUj;jp cs;sPLfs;:tpUj;jp cs;sPLfs;:

• ghlE}y; - ,uz;lhk; nkhop jkpo;> juk; - 6

• glq;fSld; $ba nrhw;fs;

• ciuahlypy; gad;gLj;jf;$ba nrhw;fspd; gl;bay;

fzpg;gPLfzpg;gPLfzpg;gPLfzpg;gPLfzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:k; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:k; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:k; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:k; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:

• ciuahliy mtjhdkhfr; nrtpkLg;ghu;.

• ,yFthd rpW thf;fpaq;fisg; gad;gLj;jp ciuahLthu;.

• ciuahliy tpsq;fp> Nfl;fg;gLk; tpdhf;fSf;F tpil $Wthu;.

• Rfk; tprhupg;gjw;fhf ciuahLthu;.

2

• gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;. gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;. gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;. gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;. gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.

tzf;fk;.

vg;gb Rfk;;?

ehd; ey;y Rfk;;.

ePq;fs;....................?

cq;fs; ngau; vd;d?

vdJ ngau; rpth.

vd; ngau; rpth.

cq;fs; Cu; ...................?

vdJ Cu; fhyp.

cq;fs; Cu; vJ?

vdJ Cu; fz;b.

kPz;Lk; re;jpg;Nghk;.

ed;wp.

ehd; - vdJ vd; / vdJ / vd;Dila

ehq;fs; - vq;fs; cdJ / cq;fs; / cq;fSila

ePq;fs; - cq;fs;

nrhw;fsQ;rpak;nrhw;fsQ;rpak;nrhw;fsQ;rpak;nrhw;fsQ;rpak;nrhw;fsQ;rpak;

tzf;fk; wdhqfndajka

vg;gb fldfydu o@

ehd; uu

ey;y Rfk ;; fyd| ikSmhs

Kjy; ehs; m<uq Èk / m<uq Èkh

re;jpg;G yuqùu

3


,yFthd $w;WfSf;Fr; nrtpkLj;J> mtw;iw

,dq;fz;L Jyq;Fthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 1.2 nrtpkLj;Jj;; Jyq;Fthu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • vdJ FLk;gk;

ghlNtisghlNtisghlNtisghlNtisghlNtis ::::: 02

fw;ww; NgWfs;:fw;ww; NgWfs;:fw;ww; NgWfs;:fw;ww; NgWfs;:fw;ww; NgWfs;:

• Mrpupau; $Wk; tplaq;fis mtjhdkhfr; nrtpkLg;ghu;.

• jdJ FLk;gj;jpdiu mwpKfk; nra;J NgRthu;.

• nghUj;jkhd ,lq;fspy; cwTg; ngau;fisg; gad;gLj;Jthu;.

• FLk;gj;jpYs;s vy;NyhUf;Fk; kjpg;gspf;fg; goFthu;.

ghlj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:ghlj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:ghlj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:ghlj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:ghlj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:



gLj;Jq;fs;.

• FLk;g mq;fj;jtu;fs; / cwTg; ngau;fisf; Fwpg;gpLq;fs;.

c-k; :c-k; :c-k; :c-k; :c-k; : mg;gh mk;kh mf;fh mz;zh

jk;gp jq;if jhj;jh ghl;b


• xt;nthU khztUk; jhk; Nfl;ltw;Wf;F Vw;g> Jyq;f topfhl;Lq;fs;.

• FLk;g mq;fj;jtu;fis mwpKfk; nra;J $Wq;fs;.

• khztu; xUtu; jdJ FLk;g mq;fj;jtu;fis mwpKfk; nra;a> Vida

khztu;fs; mtw;iw mtjhdkhff; Nfl;L> rupahd Jyq;fiy ntspf;fhl;l.

topelj;Jq;fs;. ,t;thNw> vy;yh khztu;fSf;Fk; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.

• khztu; ,lUWk;NghJ cjtp toq;fp> mtu;fis Cf;fg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

Kjd;ikg; gjq;fs; Kjd;ikg; gjq;fs; Kjd;ikg; gjq;fs; Kjd;ikg; gjq;fs; Kjd;ikg; gjq;fs; / vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;:

c-k;:c-k;:c-k;:c-k;:c-k;:

vd; mk;kh ngau; fkyh

vd; mg;gh ngau; ehjd;

vd; mf;fh ngau; ujp

vd; mz;zh ngau; rpth

vd; jk;gp ngau; fkhy; / fky;

vd; jq;if ngau; khyh / ehjpah

jutpUj;jp cs;sPLfs;:jutpUj;jp cs;sPLfs;:jutpUj;jp cs;sPLfs;:jutpUj;jp cs;sPLfs;:jutpUj;jp cs;sPLfs;:

• ghlE}y; ,uz;lhk; nkhop jkpo; - juk; - 6

• ,yFthd nrhw;fs; mlq;fpa ml;ilfs;

4

fzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:fzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:fzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:fzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:fzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:


• cwTg; ngau;fis cr;rupj;Jf; $Wthu;.


• jkJ FLk;g mq;fj;jtu;fis mwpKfk; nra;thu;.



vd; mg;gh ngau; ehjd;

vd; mf;fh ngau; ujp

vd; mz;zh ngau; rpth

vd; jk;gp ngau; fky;

vd; jq;if ngau; khyh

vd; - vdJ

ehd; - vd; / vdJ / vd;Dila

ePq;fs; - cq;fs; / cq;fSila


vd; / vdJ / vd;Dila uf.a

mg;gh ;d;a;d

mk;kh wïud

mz;zh whshd

mf;fh wlald

jk;gp u,a,s

jq;if kx.S

ghl;ld; / jhj;jh iShd

ghl;b wdÉÑ

ngau; ku

5



,dq;fz;L Jyq;Fthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 1.2 mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj;; Jyq;Fthu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • vspikahd mwpTWj;jy;fs;



• vspikahd mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLg;ghu;.

• Mrpupau; cr;rupg;gij mtjhdkhff; Nfl;L> Jyq;fiy ntspf;fhl;Lthu;.

• mwpTWj;jy;fisf; Nfl;L mjw;Nfw;gr; nraw;gLthu;.

• Gjpa nrhw;fis ,dq;fz;L gad;gLj;Jthu;.




gLj;Jq;fs;.


• xt;nthU khztUk; jhk; Nfl;l mwpTWj;jYf;F Vw;g nraw;gl topfhl;Lq;fs;.

• khztiu> FOthf ,aq;f topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

• xU FOtpdu; mwpTWj;jy;fs; mlq;fpa ml;ilapy; cs;stw;iwf; $w>

kw;iwa FOtpdu; mtjhdkhff; Nfl;L> rupahd Jyq;fiy ntspf;fhl;l

cjTq;fs;. ,t;thNw> kw;iwa FOTf;Fk; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.



• mq;Nf • ,q;Nf

• Rj;jk; NgZNthk; / NgZq;fs;

• mikjp NgZNthk; / NgZq;fs;

• je;ij jha; NgZNthk;


• ghlE}y; ,uz;lhk; nkhop jkpo; - juk; - 6

• ,yFthd mwpTWj;jy;fs; mlq;fpa ml;ilfs;

fzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk;; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:fzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk;; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:fzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk;; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:fzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk;; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:fzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk;; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:


• vspikahd mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;J Jyq;Fthu;.


• ghlrhiyapy; $wg;gLk; mwpTWj;jy;fisg; gpd;gw;wp elg;ghu;.

6


• Rj;jk; NgZNthk; / NgZq;fs;

• mikjp NgZNthk; / NgZq;fs;

• je;ij jha; NgZNthk;

• rj;jk; Nghl Ntz;lhk;

• ,q;Nf Fg;ig NghlNtz;lhk;

• mq;Nf Fg;ig NghLq;fs;

• mq;Nf Gj;jfq;fis itAq;fs;

mq;Nf / mq;F

,q;Nf / ,q;F

nrhw;nrhw;nrhw;nrhw;nrhw;fsQ;rpafsQ;rpafsQ;rpafsQ;rpafsQ;rpak;k;k;k;k;

Rj;jk; msßisÿhs

mikjp ksy`vhs

NgZNthk; rlsuq

NgZq;fs; rlskak

ePu; c,h

je;ij mshd

jha; uj

,q;Nf fuys

mq;Nf tys

Fg;ig l=Kq

Nghl Ntz;lhk; odkak tmd

NghLq;fs; odkak

Gj;jfq;fs; fmd;a

itAq;fs; ;shkak / ;nkak

rj;jk; Yío

7



,dq;fz;L Jyq;Fthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 1.3 topelj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: Mrpupau; - khztu; ciuahly;:

• ,yFthd topelj;jy;fs;



• toq;fg;gl;l vspikahd ciuahlypy; cs;s topelj;jy;fisr;

nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.

• jfty;fSf;F Vw;g> rupahd topiaf; fz;lwpthu;.

• Nfl;ltw;iw Qhgfj;jpy; itj;jpUe;J nraw;gLthu;.


• ghl E}ypy;> Nju;r;rp kl;lj;Jf;Fupa ghlj;jpYs;s topelj;jy;fis>

Mrpupau; rupahd cr;rupg;Gld; $Wk;NghJ> khztiu mtjhdkhff;

Nfl;f topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.




• xU FOtpdu; vspikahd topelj;jy;fisf; $w> kw;iwa FOtpdu;

mtjhdkhff; Nfl;L> jfty;fSf;F Vw;g rupahd topiaf; fz;lwpa

topg;gLj;Jq;fs;. ,t;thNw> kw;iwa FOTf;Fk; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.

• khztu; ,lUWk;NghJ cjtp> mtu;fis Cf;fg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

Kjd;ikg; gjKjd;ikg; gjKjd;ikg; gjKjd;ikg; gjKjd;ikg; gjq;fs; q;fs; q;fs; q;fs; q;fs; / vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;:

G+q;fh vq;Nf Neuhf tyJ ,lJ

gf;fk; NkNy fPNo cs;Ns ntspNa

nry;Yq;fs; jpUk;Gq;fs; mq;Nf ,q;Nf

jutpUjutpUjutpUjutpUjutpUj;jp cs;sPLfs;:j;jp cs;sPLfs;:j;jp cs;sPLfs;:j;jp cs;sPLfs;:j;jp cs;sPLfs;:

• ghl E}y; ,uz;lhk; nkhop jkpo; - juk; 6

• glj;Jld; $ba ciuahly;;

fzpg;gfzpg;gfzpg;gfzpg;gfzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:PLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:PLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:PLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:PLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:

• ghlj;jpy; cs;s Gjpa nrhw;fisf; Nfl;gjpy; tpUg;Gld; <LgLthu;.

• kw;wtu; $Wtijf; fpufpj;J mjw;Nfw;g Jyq;Fthu;.

• nghUj;jkhd nrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;jp ciuahb> rupahd topiaf;

fz;lwpthu;.

• rupahd topiaf; fz;lwptjpy; kfpo;Tld; <LgLthu;.

8


Gj;jfk; vq;Nf? Nkirf;F NkNy

Fil vq;Nf? mYkhupf;F cs;Ns

ge;J vq;Nf? Nkirf;F fPNo


G+q;fh u,a j;a;

vq;Nf? fldfy o ?

NkNy Wv

fPNo hg

cs;Ns we;=f,a

ntspNa t<sfha

Neuhf fl<ska

tyJ ol=K

,lJ ju

gf;fk; me;a;

nry;Yq;fs; hkak

jpUk;Gq;fs; yefrkak

Nkir fïih

Nkirf;F fïfiag

mYkhup w,audßh

mYkhupf;F w,audßhg

Fil l=vh

Gj;jfk; fmd;

ge;J fnda,h

9



,dq;fz;L Jyq;Fthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 1.4 mwptpj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj; Jyq;Fthu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; : : : : : • gazpfSf;fhd mwptpj;jy;fs; - g]; epiyak;



• vspikahd mwptpj;jiy mtjhdkhfr; nrtpkLg;ghu;.

• nrtpkLj;j mwptpj;jypy; cs;s jfty;fisf; $Wthu;.

• nrtpkLj;j mwptpj;jYf;F Vw;g> nraw;gLthu;.




gLj;Jq;fs;.

• khztu;> kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; mwptpj;jiyf; Nfl;gjw;Fr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.

• xt;nthU khztUk; jhk; Nfl;l mwptpj;jYf;Fj;; Jyq;fiy ntspf;fhl;l

,lkspAq;fs;.


• xU FOtpdu; gazpfSf;fhd mwptpj;jiyf; $w> kw;iwa FOtpdu;

mtjhdkhff; Nfl;L> mwptpj;jypy; cs;s jfty;fisf; $w ,lkspAq;fs;;.

,t;thNw> kw;iwa FOTf;Fk; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.



,J nfhOk;G fz;b jdpahu; g]; epiyak;

,g;NghJ gpw;gfy; Gwg;gLk; gazpfs; epWj;jg;gLk;



• ,yFthd mwptpj;jy;fs; (g]; epiyak;)

• vOJjhs;> vOJfUtpfs;


• ghlj;jpy; cs;s Gjpa nrhw;fis ,dq;fz;L $Wthu;.

• mwptpj;jiyr; nrtpkLj;J> Jyq;Fthu;.

• Nfl;NghUf;F tpsq;Fk; tifapy; mwptpj;jy;fisf; $wpf;fhl;Lthu;.

• ntt;NtW epfo;Tfspd; NghJ mwptpj;jy; nra;tjpy; <LgLthu;.

10


gazpfspd; ftdj;jpw;Fgazpfspd; ftdj;jpw;Fgazpfspd; ftdj;jpw;Fgazpfspd; ftdj;jpw;Fgazpfspd; ftdj;jpw;F!

,J nfhOk;G jdpahu; g]; epiyak;. fz;bf;Fr; nry;Yk; g]; tz;b

,g;NghJ Gwg;gl cs;sJ.


nfhOk;G fld<U

fz;b uykqjr

fz;bf;F uykqjrg

jdpahu; fm!oa.,sl

g]; tz;b nia r:h

g]; epiyak; nia kej;=ïm,

gpw;gfy; miajre

%d;W kzpf;F ;=kg

,g;NghJ / ,g;nghOJ oeka

Gwg;gLk; msg;afõ

epWj;jg;gLk; kj;ajkq ,efí

gazpfs; u.ska

gazpfSf;fhd u.ska i|yd

mwptpj;jy; ksfõokh

nrtpkLq;fs; ijkafokak

11



,dq;fz;L Jyq;Fthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 1.5 thndhyp> xypehlh xypgug;Gfs; kw;Wk; fijfs;>

ghly;fisr; nrtpkLj;J ,urpg;ghu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • ,yFthd fij

- MikAk; KaYk;



• glj;ijg; ghu;j;J mjw;Fg; nghUe;Jk; tifapy; fijiaf; $Wthu;.

• ,t;thwhd fijfis tpUg;gj;Jld; thrpg;ghu;.

• Fuy; Vw;w ,wf;fj;Jld; fij $Wk; jpwid tpUj;jp nra;J nfhs;thu;.



• ghl E}ypy;> Nju;r;rp kl;lj;Jf;Fupa ghlj;jpYs;s fijia> rupahd

cr;rupg;Gld; $wp> khztiu mtjhdkhff; Nfl;f topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.


• xt;nthU khztUk; jhk; Nfl;l fijiaf; $Wtjw;F ,lkspAq;fs;.

• MSf;nfhU njhluhff; $wpf; fijiaj; njhlu topfhl;Lq ;fs;.



Ntfkhf nkJthf Kay; Mik

epj;jpiu Nghl;b Xl;lg;Nghl;b jpUk;gp

ntw;wp miof;fpwJ Muk;gkhfpwJ XLfpwJ

ghu;f;fpwJ tUfpwJ nra;fpwJ milfpwJ


• ghlE}y; ,uz;lhk; nkhop jkpo; - juk; 6

• MikAk; KaYk; fijf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd glq;fs;


• rupahd cr;rupg;Gld; fij $Wthu;.

• ebg;NghL fijiaf; $Wtjpy; Mu;tk; fhl;Lthu;.

• fijia ehlfkhf ebj;Jf; fhl;Lthu;.

• rpW tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspg;gjd; %yk; fijia Qhgfg;gLj;jpf; $Wthu;.

12


Mik NtfkhfNtfkhfNtfkhfNtfkhfNtfkhf XLfpwJ

Mik nkJthfnkJthfnkJthfnkJthfnkJthf XLfpwJ

Kay; NtfkhfNtfkhfNtfkhfNtfkhfNtfkhf XLfpwJ

Kay; nkJthfnkJthfnkJthfnkJthfnkJthf XLfpwJ


Kay; ydjd

Mik bínd

epj;jpiu kskao

Nghl;b ;rÕ

Xl;lg;Nghl;b Èùfï ;rÕ

jpUk;gp yeÍ

ntw;wp ch.%ykh

Ntfkhf fõ.fhka

nkJthf fiñka

miof;fpwJ w`v.ykjd

Muk;gkhfpwJ wdrïNfõ

XLfpwJ ÿ jkjd

ghu;f;fpwJ n,kjd

tUfpwJ tkjd

nra;fpwJ lrkjd

milfpwJ ,Õdfjkjd

13



,dq;fz;L Jyq;Fthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 1.5 thndhyp> xypehlh xypgug;Gfs; kw;Wk; fijfs;>

ghly;fisr; nrtpkLj;J ,urpg;ghu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • ,yFthd ghly;

- epyh epyh



• ,yFthd rpWtu; ghliy mtjhdkhfr; nrtpkLg;;ghu;.

• ghlYf;F Vw;g jhsk; NghLthu;.

• ghliy kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; nrtpkLj;jypD}lhf> ghlYf;Fg; guPl;rag;gLthu;.

• ghliyf; FOthfTk; jdpahfTk; mgpeaj;Jld; ghLthu;.

• glq;fisg; ghu;j;J> mjw;Fupa nrhw;fisf; $Wthu;.

• XL> th> VW vd;w nrhw;fis tpsq;fpr; nraw;gLthu;.


• “epyh epyh ...” vd;w ghliy ghbf; fhl;Lq;fs;.

• kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; mg;ghliyf; Nfl;gjw;Fr; re;ju;g;gq;fis toq;Fq;fs;.

• kPz;Lk; xt;Nthu; mbahfg; ghbf;fhl;Lq;fs;; khztiuAk; Nru;e;J ghlr;

nra;Aq;fs;.

• khztu;> ghliyj; jdpahfTk; FOthfTk; mgpeaj;Jld; ghl topfhl;Lq;fs;.

• xU FO ghLk;NghJ> kw;iwa FOit mtjhdpj;Jg; ghlr;nra;Aq;fs;.

• XL> th> VW> Xb th vd;w nrhw;fisf; $wp> khztiur; nraw;glr;

nra;Aq;fs;.



epyh kiy g+ ky;ypifg; g+

th Xb th Vwp th nfhz;L th


• ghlE}ypy; cs;s ghly;

• epyh (re;jpud;)> kiy> ky;ypifg; g+ vd;gtw;wpd; glq;fs;


• glq;fisg; ghu;j;J> mtw;wpd; ngau;fisf; $Wthu;.

• Mrpupau; $Wk; tplaq;fisf; Nfl;L> mjw;Nfw;gj; Jyq;Fthu;.

• ghliyf; ftdkhfr; nrtpkLj;Jf; fpufpg;ghu;.

• nrtpkLj;j ghliyf; FOthfTk; jdpahfTk; njspthd cr;rupg;Gld;

ghLthu;.

• ghliy Xir eaj;JlDk; mgpeaj;Jld; ghb kfpo;thu;.

14


epyh - yò

kiy - lkao

ky;ypifg; g+ - mspsp u,a

epy;yhky; - fkdkj;s

th - tkak

Xb th - ÿj,d tkak

Vwp th - ke.,d tkak

nfhz;L - f.k

nfhz;L th - f.k tkak

15

Nju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rp ::::: 2.0 nghJthd tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghd ntt;NtW

jiyg;Gfspy; ciuahLtjw;F Kd;te;J nraw;gLthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 2.1 mwpTWj;jy;fis tpsq;fpr; nraw;gLthu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • ez;gu;fSf;F ,ilapyhd ciuahly; - fhiy czT



• kpf ,yFthd mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLg;ghu;.


• ,yFthd mwpTWj;jy;fSf;F Vw;gr; nraw;gLthu;.

• md;whlk; tPl;by; gad;gLj;Jk; nrhw;fis mwpe;J> $Wthu;.




gLj;Jq;fs;.


• xt;nthU khztUk; jhk; Nfl;l vspikahd mwpTWj;jy;fSf;Fj;; Jyq;fiy

ntspf;fhl;lr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.


• xU FOtpdu; xU nrhy;iyf; $w> kw;iwa FOtpdu; mtjhdkhff; Nfl;L>

rupahd Jyq;fiy ntspf;fhl;Ljy;. ,t;thNw> kw;iwa FOTf;Fk; re;ju;g;gk;

toq;Fq;fs;.


Kjd;ikg; gjq;fKjd;ikg; gjq;fKjd;ikg; gjq;fKjd;ikg; gjq;fKjd;ikg; gjq;fs; s; s; s; s; / vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;:

if czT ePu; Nfhg;ig

,bag;gk; mg;gk; gpl;L ,l;yp / ,l;lyp

yl;L KWf;F nghq;fy; til

vLq;fs; rhg;gpLq;fs; FbAq;fs; fOTq;fs;

,Uq;fs; vOk;Gq;fs;


• ghl E}ypd; Fwpg;gpl;l ghlk;

fhiy czTfs; cs;s Nkir xd;wpd; glk;

fzpfzpfzpfzpfzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:g;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:g;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:g;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:g;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:

• cs;slf;fj;jpy; cs;s Gjpa nrhw;fis ,dq;fz;L> Jyq;Fthu;.

• cs;slf;fj;jpy; cs;s Gjpa nrhw;fisr; rupahf cr;rupj;Jf; $Wthu;.

• Mrpupaupd; tha;nkhop mwpTWj;jy;fSf;Fr; rupahfr; nraw;gLthu;.

• mwpTWj;jy;fSf;Fr; rupahfr; nraw;gLk; gz;gpidf; filg;gpbg;ghu;.

16


if fOTq;fs; mg;gk; rhg;gpLq;fs;.

yl;L; rhg;gpLq;fs;.

vd;d rhg;ghL?

vj;jid yl;L ,Uf;F?


if w;

czT lEu

ePu; c,h

Nfhg;ig fldmamh

,bag;gk; b`È wdmam

mg;gk; wdmam

gpl;L msÜgq

,l;lyp / ,l;yp bÜ,s / bÜg,s

yl;L ,âvq

KWf;F uqrelal=

nghq;fy; yl=re lsß n;a / fmdx.,a

til jfâ

Nfhg;gp fldams

ghy; lsß

vd;d? fudkjd o@

vj;jid? lSh o@

vLq;fs; .kak

rhg;gpLq;fs; lkak

FbAq;fs; fndkak

fOTq;fs; fidaokak

,Uq;fs; bkak$ jdäfjkak

vOk;Gq;fs; ke.sákak

17



Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 2.2 topelj;jy;fisg; gpd;gw;wp ciuahl Kd;tUthu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • g+q;fhtpw;Fr; nry;y topNfl;Fk; re;ju;g;gk;



• toq;fg;gl;l vspikahd ciuahlypy; cs;s topelj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLj;Jj;

Jyq;Fthu;.

• jfty;fSf;F Vw;g> rupahd topiaf; fz;lwpthu;.

• Nfl;ltw;iw Qhgfj;jpy; itj;jpUe;J nraw;gLthu;.




gLj;Jq;fs;.



• xU FOtpdu; vspikahd topelj;jy;fisf; $w> kw;iwa FOtpdu;

mtjhdkhff; Nfl;l jfty;fSf;F Vw;g> rupahd topiaf; fz;lwpjy;.

,t;thNw> kw;iwa FOTf;Fk; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.



g+q;fh Nghf Neuhf tyJ ,lJ

gf;fk; jpUk;Gq;fs; gpd;dhy; Kd;dhy; g];

epiyaj;jpw;F top ghij Nfl;Fk; re;ju;g;gk;



• glj;Jld; $ba ciuahly;;


• ghlj;jpy; cs;s Gjpa nrhw;fisf; Nfl;gjpy; tpUg;Gld; <LgLthu;.

• fUj;Jf;fis ntspg;gLj;jp gz;Gld; ciuahLthu;.

• kw;wtu; $Wtijf; fpufpj;J mjw;Nfw;g ciuahLthu;.

• rupahd topiaf; fz;lwptjpy; tpUg;Gf; nfhs;thu;.

• nghUj;jkhd nrhw;fisg; gad;gLj;jp ciuahb> rupahd topiaf;

fz;lwpthu;.

18


Neuhfr; nry;Yq;fs;

Kd;dhy; nry;Yq;fs;

gpd;dhy; nry;Yq;fs;

tyJ gf;fk; nry;Yq;fs;

,lJ gf;fk; nry;Yq;fs;

tyJ gf;fk; jpUk;Gq;fs;

,lJ gf;fk; jpUk;Gq;fs;


g+q;fh u,a j;a;

Nghf hkak

Neuhf fl<ska

tyJ ol=K

,lJ ju

gf;fk; me;a;

jpUk;Gq;fs; yefrkak

gpd;dhy; msgqmi

Kd;dhy; bÈßmi

g]; nia

epiyaj;jpw;F kej;=ïm,g / kej;=ïfmd<

top u.

ghij mdr

Nfl;Fk; wik

re;ju;g;gk; wjia:dj

cs;Ns we;=f<a

ntspNa t<sfha

NkNy Wv

fPNo hg

19

Nju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rp : : : : : 2.0 nghJthd tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghd ntt;NtW jiyg;Gfspy;

ciuahLtjw;F Kd;te;J nraw;gLthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 2.3 el;GuPjpahf ciuahLtjw;F Kd;tUthu;

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • Ra mwpKfk;



• Mrpupau; $Wk; tpguq;fis mtjhdkhff; Nfl;ghu;.

• ,yFthd ciuahly;fis mtjhdkhff; Nfl;Lg; NgRthu;.

• jd;idg; gw;wpa tpguq;fis Kd;itg;ghu;.





gLj;Jq;fs;.

• Nrhbahf ciuahLtjw;F khztUf;Fr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.

• ciuahliy mtjhdpj;J jhKk; nraw;gl khztUf;F ,lkspAq;fs;.

• xUtu; jd;idg; gw;wpa tpguq;fis Kd;itf;f> kw;iwatu;fs;; mtjhdkhff;

Nfl;L> tpdhf;fis tpdht re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.



• Mrpupau; jd;idg; gw;wp Ra mwpKfk; nra;jy;.

c-k; :c-k; :c-k; :c-k; :c-k; :

tzf;fk;tzf;fk;tzf;fk;tzf;fk;tzf;fk;

vd; ngau; rhe;jp

vdJ Cu; fz;b

ehd; Xu; Mrpupia


vd; mg;gh ngau; Nkhfd;

ed;wped;wped;wped;wped;wp



• nrhy;yl;ilfs;


20



• ,yFthd Ngr;Rfis mtjhdkhff; Nfl;Lj; Jyq;Fthu;.

• jd;idg; gw;wpa Ra mwpKfj;ijr; nra;thu;.

• Nfl;lwpe;j Gjpa nrhw;fisf; n;fhz;L> Nfl;NghUf;F tpsq;Fk; tifapy;

NgRthu;.


vd; ngau; Fkhu; vd; ngau; rpghah

vdJ Cu; fhyp vdJ Cu; fy;Kid

vdJ taJ gjpndhd;W vdJ taJ gjpndhd;W

ehd; xU khztd; ehd; xU khztp

vd; mk;kh ngau; Rgh vd; mk;kh ngau; ghj;jpkh

vd; mg;gh ngau; ehjd; vd; mg;gh ngau; ukP];

vdJ ez;gd; ngau; rpth vdJ ez;gp ngau; fPjh

vd; ngau;........................................

vdJ Cu;.......................................

ehd; xU.........................................

vd; mg;gh ngau;...........................

vd; mk;kh ngau;...........................

cq;fs; ngau; vd;d?

vdJ ngau; rpghah

cq;fs; ngau; vd;d?

vdJ ngau; Fkhu;

cq;fs; Cu; vJ?

vdJ Cu; fhyp

cq;fs; Cu; vJ?

vdJ Cu; fy;Kid

21


ehd; uu

vd; uf.a

mf;fh wlald

mf;fhtpd; wlalf.a

mz;zh whshd

mz;zhtpd; whshdf.a

ngau; ku

Cu; .u

taJ jhi

khztd; YsIHhd

khztp YsIHhdj

Xu; tla

xU tl


jiyg;G fspy; ciuahLtjw;F Kd;te;J

/

vdJ uf.a

vdf;F ug

jk;gp u,a,s

jk;gpapd; u,a,sf.a

jq;if kx.s

jq;ifapd; kx.sf.a

Mrpupau; .=rejrhd / .=re;=ud

Mrpupia .=rejrsh/ .=re;=us

tzf;fk; wdhqfndajka

ed;wp ia;+;shs

,Uf;fpwhu; bkakjd

vl;L wg

gjpndhd;W tfld<y

22

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 2.4 jfty;fisg; gupkhwpf; nfhs;tjw;fhf ciuahLthu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • RKfkhd ciuahly; - ijg;nghq;fy;


fw;ww; NgWfsfw;ww; NgWfsfw;ww; NgWfsfw;ww; NgWfsfw;ww; NgWfs;:;:;:;:;:

• ijg;nghq;fy; njhlu;ghd ciuahliyr; nrtpkLg;ghu;.

• ijg;nghq;fy; njhlu;ghd tpguq;fis mwp;tjw;fhf ciuahLthu;.


• Gjpa nrhw;fis ,dq;fz;L> ez;gu;fSld; ciuahLthu;.

ghlj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfsghlj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfsghlj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfsghlj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfsghlj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:;:;:;:;:



gLj;Jq;fs;.


• xt;nthU khztUk; ciuahlypy; <LgLtjw;F ,lkspAq;fs;.


• xU FOtpdu; xU tpdhf;fisf; Nfl;L ciuahLk; NghJ> kw;iwa FOtpdu;

tpguq;fisf; $Wjy;. ,t;thNw> kw;iwa FOf;fSf;Fk; re;ju;g;gk;

toq;Fq;fs;.


Kjd;ikg; gjq;fs; Kjd;ikg; gjq;fs; Kjd;ikg; gjq;fs; Kjd;ikg; gjq;fs; Kjd;ikg; gjq;fs; / vz;zf;fUf;fs vz;zf;fUf;fs vz;zf;fUf;fs vz;zf;fUf;fs vz;zf;fUf;fs;:;:;:;:;:

nghq;fy; ijg;nghq;fy;; ,dpa nghq;fy;

tho;j;Jf;fs; ed;wp tzf;fk;

#upad; khl;Lg;nghq;fy;



ijg;nghq;fy; epfo;itf; fhl;Lk; glk;

fzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfsfzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfsfzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfsfzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfsfzpg;gPLk; kjpg;gPLk; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:;:;:;:;:

• ijg;nghq;fy; njhlu;ghd ciuahliyr; nrtpkLg;ghu;.

• ijg;nghq;fy; njhlu;ghd tpguq;fis mwpe;J nfhs;tjw;fhf ciuahLthu;.



23


ijg;nghq;fy;; jkpOf;F ij khjk; Kjyhk; ehspy; nfhz;lhlg;gLk;.

md;W nghq;fy; nghq;fp> #upaDf;Fg; gilj;J topgLthu;fs;.

md;W nghq;fy; tho;j;Jf;fs; $wp kfpo;thu;fs;.

ijg;nghq;fYf;F mLj;j ehs; khl;Lg;nghq;fy; nfhz;lhlg;gLk;.


ijg;nghq;fy;; ff;fmdxl,a

ij khjk; ff; ui / ckjdß ui

Kjyhk; ehspy; m<uq Èkfha

nfhz;lhlg;gLk; iurkq ,efí

md;W tÈk / tod

nghq;fy; lsß n;a / fmdxl,a

nghq;fp idod

#upaDf;Fg; breg

gilj;J mqod

topgLthu;fs; j¢hs

tho;j;Jf;fs; iqN me;=ï

$wp lshd

kfpo;thu;fs; i;=gq fjhs

ijg;nghq;fYf;F ff;fmdxl,aj,g

mLj;j ehs; B<Õ oji

khl;Lg;nghq;fy; .j fmdxl,a

24



Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 2.5 nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fspy; <LgLtjw;fhf ciuahLthu;

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • gof;filapy; goq;fs; thq;Fjy; - 1



• ,yFthd ciuahly;fisr; nrtpkLg;ghu;.



• Gjpa nrhw;fisf; ifahz;L NgRtjw;F Kd;tUthu;.

• nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fspy; <LgLtjw;fhf ciuahLthu;.




gLj;Jq;fs;.


• tFg;giwapy; khjpup gof;fil xd;iw itj;J> xt;nthU khztUk; jhk;

mwpe;j nrhw;fisf; nfhz;L ciuahb> nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fspy; <Lgl

,lkspAq;fs;.


• xU FOtpdu; gof;filf;fhuuhfTk;> kw;iwa FOtpdu; thq;;FNthuhfTk; >

ebj;J ciuahl re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.



vd;d tpiy vj;jid xU

Xu;; vt;tsT %d;W Ntz;Lk;

fpNyh vdf;F ey;y gok;

thiog;gok; md;dhrpg;gok; jpuhl;irg;gok; nfha;ahg;gok;

gyhg;gok; khk;gok;

jutpUjutpUjutpUjutpUjutpUj;jp cs;sPLfs;:j;jp cs;sPLfs;:j;jp cs;sPLfs;:j;jp cs;sPLfs;:j;jp cs;sPLfs;:


gy;NtW goq;fisf; fhl;Lk; glk;

,aw;ifahd goq;fs;

25



• Gjpa nrhw;fisf; ifahz;L ciuahl Kd;tUthu;.


• ehlfj;jpy; ebj;J ciuahLthu;.


vd;d tpiy? tpiy vd;d?

vj;jid NtZk;?

vt;tsT NtZk;?

xU fpNyh thiog;gok; NtZk;.

xU nfha;ahg;gok; NtZk;.

xU fpNyh nfha;ahg;gok; NtZk;.

xU gyhg;gok; NtZk;.

,uz;L md;dhrpg; goq;fs; NtZk;.

%d;W khk;goq;fs; NtZk;.


vd;d tpiy ñ, lSh o@

vj;jid lShla o@

vt;tsT fldmuK o@

NtZk; / Ntz;Lk; ´k

%d;W ;=k

xU fpNyh lsf,da tlla

gok; m<;=re

thiog;gok; flfi,a

md;dhrp wkakdis

jpuhl;ir ñÈ

nfha;ah fmar

gyhg;gok; jrld

khk;gok; wU

26

Nju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rp ::::: 2.0 nghJthd tplaq;fs; njhlu;ghd ntt;NtW jiyg;G

fspy; ciuahLtjw;FKd;te;J nraw;gLthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 2.6 rpwpa thf;fpaq;fSldhd ciuahly;fisf; nfhz;l

ehlfq;fis ebf;f Kd;tUthu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • gof;filapy; goq;fs; thq;Fjy; - 2



• ,yFthd ciuahly;fisr; nrtpkLj;J ciuahLthu;.

• Gjpa nrhw;fisf; ifahz;L NgRtjw;F Kd;tUthu;.

• ehlf ghj;jpuq;fis Vw;W nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fspy; <LgLtjw;fhf

ciuahLthu;.


• Kd;ida ghlj;jpy;; fw;gpj;j (gof;filapy; goq;fs; thq;Fjy;) tplaj;ij

kPs typAWj;Jq;fs;.



gLj;Jq;fs;.


• tFg;giwapy; khjpup gof;fil xd;iw itj;J> xt;nthU khztUk; jhk;

mwpe;j nrhw;fisf; nfhz;L ciuahb> nfhLf;fy; thq;fy;fspy; <Lgl

re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.



vd;d vd;d tpiy vj;jid NtZk; vt;tsT

,uz;L xU xU fpNyh vdf;F ey;y

gok; thiog;gok; md;dhrp thUq;fs; jhUq;fs;

mWgJ &gh NtW rk;gj; gof;filf;fhuu;



gy;NtW goq;fisf; fhl;Lk; glk;

,aw;ifahd goq;fs;

ehlfk; ebg;gjw;F Ntz;ba cilfs;

27



• Gjpa nrhw;fisf; ifahz;L ciuahl Kd;tUthu;.


• ehlfj;jpy; ebj;J ciuahLthu;.

• ehlfj;jpy; ebg;gjd; Clhf kfpo;r;rp milthu;.

• g g g g gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.apw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.apw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.apw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.apw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.

gogogogogof;filf;fhuu;:f;filf;fhuu;:f;filf;fhuu;:f;filf;fhuu;:f;filf;fhuu;: thUq;fs;. vd;d NtZk;?

rk;gj;rk;gj;rk;gj;rk;gj;rk;gj;: vdf;F gok; NtZk;.

gof;filf;fhuu;:gof;filf;fhuu;:gof;filf;fhuu;:gof;filf;fhuu;:gof;filf;fhuu;: vt;tsT NtZk;?

rk;gj;:rk;gj;:rk;gj;:rk;gj;:rk;gj;: vdf;F thiog;gok; xU fpNyh NtZk;.

thiog;gok; xU fpNyh vd;d tpiy?

gof;filf;fhuu;:gof;filf;fhuu;:gof;filf;fhuu;:gof;filf;fhuu;:gof;filf;fhuu;: mWgJ &gh. NtW vd;d NtZk;?

rk;gj;:rk;gj;:rk;gj;:rk;gj;:rk;gj;: md;dhrp jhUq;fs;.

gof;filf;fhuu;:gof;filf;fhuu;:gof;filf;fhuu;:gof;filf;fhuu;:gof;filf;fhuu;: vj;jid NtZk;?

rk;gj;:rk;gj;:rk;gj;:rk;gj;:rk;gj;: ,uz;L md;dhrp jhUq;fs;.


vd;d tpiy? us, lSh o@

vj;jid lShla o

vt;tsT fldmuK o

vd;d fudkjd o@

vdf;F ug

NtW fjk

NtZk; / Ntz;Lk; ´k

,uz;L folaldh’

mWgJ &gh remsh,a yeghs

xU fpNyh lsf,da tlla

gok; m<;=re

thiog;gok; flfi,a

md;dhrp wkakdis

thUq;fs; tkak

jhUq;fs; fokak

28

Nju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rpNju;r;rp ::::: 3.0 ehshe;jj; NjitfSf;fhf ntt;NtW re;ju;g;gq;fspy;

ciuahba mwpKfkhd> mwpKfkw;w nrhw;fs;>

nrhw;nwhlu;fspy; cs;s Kf;fpakhd tplaq;fisf;


Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 3.1 nrhw;fs;> nrhw;nwhlu;fis tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • ,yFthd nrhw;fs; nfhz;l ghly;



• ,yFthd rpWtu; ghliy tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.

• ghliy kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; thrpg;gjD}lhf> ghlYf;Fg; guPl;rag;gLthu;.

• ghliyf; FOthfTk; jdpahfTk; mgpeaj;Jld; ghLthu;.

• glq;fisg; ghu;j;J> mjw;Fupa nrhw;fisf; $Wthu;.

• Gjpa nrhw;fis tpUg;Gld; thrpj;jwpthu;.


• “NtZk; ...” vd;w ghliy ghbf; fhl;Lq;fs;.

• kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; mg;ghliyf; Nfl;gjw;Fr; re;ju;g;gq;fis toq;Fq;fs;.

• kPz;Lk; xt;Nthu; mbahfg; ghbf; fhl;Lq;fs;; khztiuAk; Nru;e;J ghlr;

nra;Aq;fs;.

• khztu;> ghliyj; jdpahfTk; FOthfTk; mgpeaj;Jld; ghl topfhl;Lq;fs;.

• xU FO ghLk;NghJ> kw;iwa FOit mtjhdpj;Jg; ghlr; nra;Aq;fs;.

• ghliy khztu; thrpf;f ,lkspAq;fs;.



NtZk; Ntz;lhk; KbAk; KbahJ

njupAk; njupahJ cz;ik nrhy;y

ghl Ngr jkpo; nfht;itg;gok;

nfha;ahg;gok; fpsp Fapy;



gy;NtW goq;fs;> gwitfspd;; glq;fs;


• glq;fisg; ghu;j;J> mtw;wpd; ngau;fisf; $Wthu;.

• ghliyf; ftdkhf thrpj;Jf; fpufpg;ghu;.

• ghlypy; tUk; vjpu;f;fUj;Jr; nrhw;fis mwpthu;.

• ghliy Xir eaj;JlDk; mgpeaj;Jld; ghLthu;.

29


cz;ik nrhy;y NtZk;.

nfht;itg;gok; NtZkh?

ghl;Lg; ghlj; njupAkh?

jkpo; Ngr KbAkh?


Ntz;lhk; tmd

NtZk; / Ntz;Lk; ´k

KbAk; mq¿jka

KbahJ nE

njupAk; okakjd

njupahJ okafka keye

cz;ik we;a;

nrhy;y lshkak

ghl .hkak

Ngr l;d lrkak

jkpo; fou</ ;us<a

nfht;itg;gok; fldajlald

nfha;ahg;gok; fmar

fpsp .srjd

Fapy; fldyd

30





Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 3.2 ,yFthd E}y;fis tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • fhiyg; ghly;:

“ fhf;fh fhf;fh.......”



• ghliyf; Fuy; Vw;w ,wf;fj;Jld; nrk;ikahf thrpg;ghu;.

• ghliyj; njspthd cr;rupg;GlDk; xypeaj;JlDk; ghLthu;.

• ghliy mgpeaj;Jld; ghLthu;.

• glq;fSf;Fupa nrhw;fis ,dq;fhz;ghu;.

ghghghghghlj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:lj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:lj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:lj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:lj;ijj; jpl;lkpLjy; njhlu;ghd MNyhridfs;:

• fhf;fh! fhf;fh! vd;w ghliy Mrpupau; ,irAld; ghbf; fhl;Lq;fs;.

• kPz;Lk; xt;Nthu; mbahfg; ghLtJld;> khztiuAk; Nru;e;J ghlr;

nra;Aq;fs;.

• mUQ;nrhw;fisAk; mjd; nghUisAk; vOjpf; fhl;rpg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

• ghlypd; xypeak; cr;rupg;G vd;gtw;Wf;F Kf;fpak; mspj;J> ghliyg;

ghbf; fhl;Lq;fs;.

• ghlypd; nghUis ,yFgLj;jpf; $Wq;fs;.

• ghliyj; jdpj;jdpahfTk; FOthfTk; mgpeaj;Jld; ghl khztUf;F

,lkspAq;fs;.

Kjd;iKjd;iKjd;iKjd;iKjd;ikg; gjq;fs; kg; gjq;fs; kg; gjq;fs; kg; gjq;fs; kg; gjq;fs; / vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;:

fhfk; fhf;fh gw th fz; ik nfhz;L

Nfhop FQ;R nts;is gR gps;is ghy; eha;

gg;gp gha;e;J ge;J tha; thapy;


• fhf;fh! fhf;fh! gwe;J th vd;Dk; ghliy vOjpa ml;il

• fhfk;> Nfhop> gR> eha; vd;gtw;wpd; glq;fs;

• fhiyg; nghOijr; rpj;jpupf;Fk; glq;fs;


• ghlypd; nghUis mwpe;J $Wthu;.

• ghliyr; rupahd cr;rupg;Gld; ghbf; fhl;Lthu;.

• glq;fisg; ghu;j;J mjd; ngaiu vOJthu;.

• Kf;fpa tplaq;fis tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.

31


fhf;fh fhf;fh gwe;J th

Nfhop Nfhop Xb th

nts;isg; gRNt tpiue;J th

gg;gp gg;gp gha;e;J th


gps;is <uhd gR t<fok

fhfk; ldlald / lmqgd eha; n,a,d

fhf;fh ldlald / lmqgd gg;gp mms

Nfhop / Nrty; lsls<s / l=l=<d

fd;W / FQ;R meáhd / megjs

ik w÷ka fz; weia

ghy; lsß tha; lg

nts;is iqÿ thapy; lfÜ

ge;J fndf,a

nfhz;L ref.k

gha;e;J mek,d

gw mshUkakd

th tkak

32





Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 3.3 mwpTWj;jy;fis tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • ez;gu;fSf;F ,ilapyhd ciuahly;:

fhiy czT



• kpf ,yFthd mwpTWj;jy;fis tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.

• ,yFthd mwpTWj;jy;fSf;F Vw;g> nraw;gLthu; ;.

• Gjpa nrhw;fis thrpg;gjpy; tpUg;Gld; <LgLthu;.

• md;whlk; tPl;by; gad;gLj;Jk; nrhw;fis thrpj;J tpsq;fpf; nfhs;thu;.



rupahd cr;rupg;Gld; thrpf;Fk;NghJ> khztiu mtjhdkhff; Nfl;f

topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.


• xt;nthU khztUk; thrpg;gpy; <Lglr; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.


• xU FOtpdu; xU trdj;ij thrpf;f> kw;iwa FOtpdu; mtjhdkhfg;

ghu;j;J> mLj;j trdj;ij thrpf;f ,lkspAq;fs;.


Kjd;ikg; gKjd;ikg; gKjd;ikg; gKjd;ikg; gKjd;ikg; gjq;fs; jq;fs; jq;fs; jq;fs; jq;fs; / vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;: vz;zf;fUf;fs;:

czT til ,bag;gk; mg;gk; gpl;L

,l;yp yl;L KWf;F nghq;fy; ePu;

Nfhg;ig if

,Uq;fs; fOTq;fs; vLq;fs; rhg;gpLq;fs;

FbAq;fs; vOk;Gq;fs;



fhiy czT itf;fg;gl;Ls;s Nkir xd;wpd; glk;


• cs;slf;fj;jpy; cs;s Gjpa nrhw;fis ,dq;fz;L> thrpg;ghu;;.

• cs;slf;fj;jpy; cs;s Gjpa nrhw;fisr; rupahf cr;rupj;Jf; $Wthu;.

• Mrpupaupd; tha;nkhop mwpTWj;jy;fSf;Fr; rupahfr; nraw;gLthu;.

• mwpTWj;jy;fSf;Fr; rupahfr; nraw;gLk; gz;gpid tpUj;jp nra;J nfhs;thu;.

33


if fOTq;fs; mg;gk; rhg;gpLq;fs;

yl;L; rhg;gpLq;fs;

vd;d rhg;ghL?

vj;jid yl;L ,Uf;F?

nrhw;fsQ;rpanrhw;fsQ;rpanrhw;fsQ;rpanrhw;fsQ;rpanrhw;fsQ;rpak;k;k;k;k;

if w;

czT lEu

ePu; c,h

Nfhg;ig fldmamh

,bag;gk; bòshdmam

mg;gk; wdmam

gpl;L msÜgq

,l;yp bÜ,s

yl;L ,âvq

KWf;F uqrelal=

nghq;fy; yl=re lsß n;a

til jfâ

Nfhg;gp fldams

ghy; lsß

vd;d fudkj o@

vj;jid lSh o@

vLq;fs; .kak

rhg;gpLq;fs; lkak

FbAq;fs; fndkak

fOTq;fs; fydaokak / fidokak

,Uq;fs; bkak $ jdäfjkak

vOk;Gq;fs; ke.sákak

34





Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 3.4 fl;Gy> nrtpg;Gy rhjdq;fs; %yk; jfty;fisg;

ghu;j;J tpsq;fp thrpg;ghu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • glq;fSld; $ba ,yFthd fij:

MikAk; KaYk;



• glj;ijg; ghu;j;J mjw;Fg; nghUe;Jk; tifapy; fijiaf; $Wthu;.

• ,t;thwhd fijfis thrpg;gjpy; tpUg;Gf; fhl;Lthu;.

• Fuy; Vw;w ,wf;fj;Jld; fijia thrpg;ghu;.



• ghl E}ypy;> Nju;r;rp kl;lj;Jf;Fupa ghlj;jpYs;s fijia> rupahd

cr;rupg;Gld; $wp> khztiu mtjhdkhff; Nfl;f topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.


• xt;nthU khztUk; jhk; Nfl;l fijiaf; $Wtjw;F ,lkspAq;fs;.

• MSf;nfhU njhluhff; thrpj;J fijiaj; njhlu topfhl;Lq ;fs;.



Kay; Mik epj;jpiu Nghl;b

Xl;lg;Nghl;b jpUk;gp ntw;wp miof;fpwJ

Muk;gkhfpwJ XLfpwJ ghu;f;fpwJ tUfpwJ

nra;fpwJ milfpwJ Ntfkhf nkJthf


• ghlE}y; ,uz;lhk; nkhop jkpo; - juk; 6

MikAk; KaYk; fijf;Fg; nghUj;jkhd glq;fs;


• rupahd cr;rupg;Gld; fij $Wthu;.

• ebg;NghL fijiaf; $Wtjpy; Mu;tk; fhl;Lthu;.

• fijia ehlfkhf ebj;Jf; fhl;Lthu;.

• rpW tpdhf;fSf;F tpilaspg;gjd; %yk; fijia Qhgfg;gLj;jpf; $Wthu;.

35


Kay; ydjd

Mik bínd

epj;jpiu kskao

Nghl;b ;rÕh

Xl;lg;Nghl;b Èùfï ;rÕh

jpUk;gp yeÍ

ntw;wp ch.%ydkh

miof;fpwJ w`v.ykjd

Muk;gkhfpwJ wdrïNfõ

XLfpwJ ÿjkjd

ghu;f;fpwJ n,kjd

tUfpwJ tkjd

nra;fpwJ lrkjd

milfpwJ <Õd fjkjd

Ntfkhf fõ.fhka

nkJthf ysñka / fiuska

36


gad;gLj;Jk; mwpKfkhd> mwpKfkw;w nrhw;fisf;

nfhz;L ge;jp;fis vOJthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 4.1 tpguq;fs; cs;slq;fpa ge;jpfis vOJthu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • Ra mwpKfk;



• ,yFthd mwpTWj;jy;fisr; nrtpkLg;ghu;.

• Mrpupau; cr;rupg;gij mtjhdkhff; Nfl;L vOJthu;.

• re;ju;g;gq;fSf;F Vw;g> Jyq;fiy ntspf;fhl;Lthu;.

• Gjpa nrhw;fisf; Nfl;L vOJtjpy; tpUg;Gld; <LgLthu;.

• md;whlk; tPl;by; gad;gLj;Jk; nrhw;fis mwpe;J> vOJthu;.



rupahd cr;rupg;Gld; $Wk;NghJ> khztiu mtjhdkhff; Nfl;L vOj

topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

• khztu;> kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; mtw;iwf; Nfl;L vOJtjw;Fr; re;ju;g;gk;

toq;Fq;fs;.

• xt;nthU khztUk; jhk; Nfl;ltw;Wf;Fj;; Jyq;fp vOJtjw;F ,lkspAq;fs;.



rupahf vOJjy;. ,t;thNw> kw;iwa FOTf;Fk; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.



• Mrpupau; jd;idg; gw;wp Ra mwpKfk; nra;jy;.

c-k; :c-k; :c-k; :c-k; :c-k; :

tzf;fk; tzf;fk; tzf;fk; tzf;fk; tzf;fk;

vd; ngau; rhe;jp

vdJ Cu; fz;b

ehd; Xu; Mrpupia


vd; mg;gh ngau; Nkhfd;

ed; ed; ed; ed; ed;wpwpwpwpwp

37

ehd; vd; vdJ vdf;F mf;fh mf;fhtpd;

mz;zh mz;zhtpd; jk;gp jk;gpapd; jq;if jq;ifapd;

ngau; Cu; taJ khztd; khztp Mrpupau;

Mrpupia tzf;fk; ed;wp ,Uf;fpwhu; Xu; xU

gjpndhd;W


• ghl E}y; - juk; - 6 ,uz;lhk; nkhop

• nrhy;yl;ilfs;





• jd;idg; gw;wpa Ra mwpKfj;ij vOjp thrpg;ghu;.

• Nfl;l Gjpa nrhw;fis cWg;gika vOJthu;.


vd; ngau; Fkhu;. vd; ngau; rpghah.

vdJ Cu; fhyp. vdJ Cu; fy;Kid.

vdJ taJ gjpndhd;W . vdJ taJ gjpndhd;W.

ehd; xU khztd;. ehd; xU khztp.

vd; mk;kh ngau; Rgh. vd; mk;kh ngau; ghj;jpkh.

vd; mg;gh ngau; ehjd;. vd; mg;gh ngau; ukP];.

vdJ ez;gd; ngau; mkPu;. vdJ ez;gp ngau; fPjh.

38


ehd; uu

vd; uf.a

vdJ uf.a

vdf;F ug

mf;fh wlald

mf;fhtpd; wlalf.a

mz;zh whshd

mz;zhtpd; whshdf.a

jk;gp u,a,s

jk;gpapd; u,a,sf.a

jq;if kx.s

jq;ifapd; kx.sf.a

ngau; ku

Cu; .u

taJ jhi

khztd; YsIHhd

khztp YsIHhdj

Mrpupau; .=rejrhd / .=re;=ud

Mrpupia .=rejrsh / .=re;=ñh

tzf;fk; wdhqfndajka

ed;wp ia;+;shs

,Uf;fpwhu; bkakjd

Xu; tla

xU tl

vl;L wg

gjpndhd;W tfld<y

39


ciuahba mwpKfkhd> mwpKfkw;w nrhw;fs;> nrhw;

nwhlu;fisg; gad;gLj;jp> Kf;fpakhd tplaq;fis

vOJthu;.

Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk;Nju;r;rp kl;lk; ::::: 4.2 Mf;fg+u;tkhd trdq;fis vOJthu;.

tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk;tpla cs;slf;fk; ::::: • vdJ nry;yg;gpuhzp



• ,yFthd trdq;fisr; nrtpkLj;J vOJthu;;.

• re;ju;g;gq;fSf;F Vw;g> vOJthu;.

• Gjpa nrhw;fisf; Nfl;L vOJtjpy; tpUg;Gld; <LgLthu;.

• md;whlk; tPl;by; gad;gLj;Jk; nrhw;fis mwpe;J> vOJthu;.



rupahd cr;rupg;Gld; $Wk;NghJ> khztiu mtjhdkhff; Nfl;L vOj

topg;gLj;Jq;fs;.

• khztu;> kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; mtw;iwf; Nfl;L vOJtjw;Fr; re;ju;g;gk;

toq;Fq;fs;.

• xt;nthU khztUk; jhk; Nfl;ltw;Wf;Fj;; Jyq;fp vOJtjw;F ,lkspAq;fs;.



rupahf vOJjy;. ,t;thNw> kw;iwa FOTf;Fk; re;ju;g;gk; toq;Fq;fs;.



• vdJ nry;yg;gpuhzp

• nry;yg;gpuhzpfs;gwitfs; - ikdh> fpspkpUfq;fs; - eha;> g+id


• ghlE}y; - juk; - 6 ,uz;lhk; nkhop jkpo;

• ,yFthd mwpTWj;jy;fs; mlq;fpa ml;ilfs;




• jd;idg; gw;wpa Ra mwpKfj;ij vOJthu;.

• Nfl;l Gjpa nrhw;fis mbg;gilahff; n;fhz;L vOJtjw;F Kd;tUthu;.

• Mf;fg+u;tkhd trdq;fis vOJthu;.

40

gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.gapw;rp ngWtjw;fhfg; gad;gLj;Jq;fs;.

vdJ nry;yg;gpuhzpvdJ nry;yg;gpuhzpvdJ nry;yg;gpuhzpvdJ nry;yg;gpuhzpvdJ nry;yg;gpuhzp

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mjd; cly; gr;ir epwk;.

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