Leading Today: Gary Barber @tuna Church of User eXperience Design Welcome to the Today’s Sermon UX Architecture for the Small Guy © istockphoto.com
Jan 27, 2015
Leading Today: Gary Barber @tuna
Church of User eXperience
Design
Welcome to the
Today’s Sermon
UX Architecturefor the Small Guy
© istockphoto.com
User Experience Design
DEF: a subset of the field of experience design that pertains to the creation of the architecture and interaction models that impact a user's perception of a device or system. The scope of the field is directed
at affecting "all aspects of the user’s interaction with the product: how it is
perceived, learned, and used
...like any other machine - they're either a benefit or a hazard. If they're a benefit, it's not my problem.
Don Norman
User Experience
DEF: the perception left after a series of interactions.
“Design is the art of gradually applying constraints until only one solution remains”
Eric Reiss
Unknown
Two Hotels
UX is about perception and product confidence
www.flickr.com/photos/10634319@N00/3206552644
Two Web Sites
UX is about removing the frustration
Usable UX
“Usability is something we do in UAT, right?”Client
www.flickr.com/photos/51035583134@N01/1647545 www.flickr.com/photos/52971398@N00/2193315363
Design Reality
Stakeholders
Customers
SPEC
DESIGN
DEVUAT
Small Project Reality
Stakeholders
Customers
SPEC
DESIGN
DEV
Wish List - Agile UX
DESIGN
USERTESTUSER
TEST
USERTEST
DESIGNDEV
DEV
Stakeholders
Customers
RE
SE
AR
CH
BUSI
NES
S
INFOR
MATIO
NCU
STO
MER
InterationZero
BUILD
BRAI
NST
ORM
Roles with UX Project
DESIGNER
DEVELOPER
PROJECT MANAGER
UX ARCHITECT
DESIGNER
DEVELOPER
PROJECT MANAGER
Small Projects
Stakeholders
Customers
SPEC
DESIGN
DEV
The Web is Not Print
www.flickr.com/photos/11550160@N03/2875431305
Web is Print?
Web
Is it Bad Habits
© istockphoto.com
• No Budget
• No Skills
• No Time
• We’ll do it next time
• It doesn’t work
• No one else is doing it
Money Talks
“But, I just want a website for $X dollars”
Client
www.flickr.com/photos/60648084@N00/2243154949
UX & User Centered Design
UCD doesn’t appear to work well with Small Projects
© istockphoto.com
Reality Check for UCD
UCD doesn’t appear to fit with Small Projects
UCD focuses on the Users
“If the user can’t use it, it doesn’t work”Susan Dray
© istockphoto.com
Client
Remove the Users?
“Maybe we’re better off without the Users”
www.flickr.com/photos/32145599@N08/3046354228
Client
Business + User Focus
Centralised Business and User based Approach
www.flickr.com/photos/20998477@N00/2794222271
UX Architecture is not a Methodology
“I don’t care about User Experience I just want to sell products”Client
www.flickr.com/photos/41894176272@N01/206274128
UX Tool Kit
Over 50 tools, techniques and methods to ensure the best UX
www.flickr.com/photos/41894148532@N01/2517652
Should it Stay or Should it Go
Remember every project is different“it Depends”
www.flickr.com/photos/32742419@N04/3114975462
Business Research • Stakeholder Interviews
• Business Requirements
• Competitor Review
• Expert Review
• Peer Review
• Web Analytics Review
www.flickr.com/photos/35423169@N00/50088733
Stakeholder InterviewsRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : You are going to be talking to your client anyway, why not ask a few open ended questions, to gather even more information
www.flickr.com/photos/58516345@N00/297392665
n/a
Business RequirementsRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Even better if the client has these done for you. Sometimes a Brainstorming session helps cement the real vs political requirements.
www.flickr.com/photos/10883933@N07/3674088481
n/a
Competitor ReviewRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Don’t overload this process, keep it short and snappy, if it adds nothing new to the list, move on. Like a lit review for the Web.
www.flickr.com/photos/26332965@N00/478614736
n/a
Expert ReviewRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Not a replacement for User Testing. Use only if budget is really tight. Can only really give you the general problem areas. No one is an expert.
www.flickr.com/photos/21170057@N03/2667839445
n/a
Peer ReviewRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Do them on forums, down the pub, be open with your peers to get real feedback. Avoid the back slapping crowd. Review, review and review
www.flickr.com/photos/8765199@N07/3622174097
n/a
Web Analytics ReviewRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Greatly dependent on the depth of the statistics available, Often poor on small projects. Pay Special attention to the Search Analyics. Experienced analysis can bring out worthwhile user pathways
www.flickr.com/photos/56261168@N00/109637850
n/a
Information Research
• Content Audit
• Card Sort
www.flickr.com/photos/21611336@N00/3954750954
Content Audit/InventoryRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Remember content is king, this has to be done. You can’t design without at least a sketchy idea of what the content is. Expect lost content to be found later.
www.flickr.com/photos/11272899@N04/3348071667
n/a
Card SortingRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Good tool for information or functional categorisation. Don’t over use. Don’t over analyse, users can get it wrong. Can use Affinity Diagram as well for general logical grouping.
www.flickr.com/photos/98147822@N00/253175852 www.flickr.com/photos/38869431@N00/3703735824
Customer/User Research• User Priming
• User Interviews
• Field Studies
• User Surveys
• Focus Groups
• Personas
• User Stories
• Task Analysis
• Mental Models
www.flickr.com/photos/50138555@N00/580711370 www.flickr.com/photos/22023529@N00/341543757 www.flickr.com/photos/28260247@N07/3366216596 www.flickr.com/photos/77309394@N00/105439262
User PrimingRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Some users will “cheat”, expect this, but you will notice it, people find this easier to do than a diary. Helps start an interview. Drawing the experience
www.flickr.com/photos/49106033@N00/459905744 www.flickr.com/photos/37484601@N00/3513672579 www.flickr.com/photos/35955268@N00/474693912
User InterviewsRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : A very small pool is okay 4-5 people. Interviews don’t have to be long, just open ended. Forget transcripts, you will not have the time to do them. Record if you must, just you will not review it.
www.flickr.com/photos/12792444@N04/3235027708
User SurveysRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Unless you are very experienced or have training in survey writing, don’t DIY. Real costs can be very high for Small Projects.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/20561948@N00/117335513
Focus GroupsRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : At best they are artificial constructs, open to group dynamics like a jury. Not suited to UX research at all. Avoid!
www.flickr.com/photos/23799098@N03/3752407910
Field StudiesRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Shadowing and contextual enquiry useful. Allow for believe what you see not what the user tells you. Ethnographic Studies also applicable.
www.flickr.com/photos/73645804@N00/3317690034
PersonasRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Making fake people, good generalist behavioural patterns in personas. Maybe a Persona Pattern Library is in order. Sketched personas better than detailed ones. Adhoc Personas should be considered.
www.flickr.com/photos/33947185@N00/3681279223http://www.flickr.com/photos/20561948@N00/117335513
n/a
User StoriesRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Easy to compile from previous research. Fast and effective, look for simple patterns of task and behaviour. Don’t over analyse, accept what is.
www.flickr.com/photos/56091882@N00/2728096478
n/a
Task Analysis Required:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Summary tool for listing task patterns, functionality, information processes and refining them. KIS. Will feed into story boarding, flow diagrams and prototyping. Can use GOMS on this too.
www.flickr.com/photos/80122196@N00/4499404 www.flickr.com/photos/83565115@N00/3274919185 www.flickr.com/photos/81098106@N00/2757285670
n/a
Mental ModelsRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Good for confirming information and functional categorisation. Behaviour and task based nature takes too much time. Need a faster analysis method.
www.flickr.com/photos/9411449@N05/2125040269
n/a
Brainstorming• Critical to all project
types
• Bridge from Research to Design
• Generate New Ideas from Research
• Pattern Matching
• Time to see the Patterns
www.flickr.com/photos/37996578526@N01/3513906216
Design• User Testing
• Navigational Design
• Story Boarding
• FLow Charting
• Mood Boards
• Wireframes
• Graphical Mockup
• Prototyping
www.flickr.com/photos/22023529@N00/537603811 www.flickr.com/photos/22023529@N00/8044425www.flickr.com/photos/41211045@N00/34679639
User TestingRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Do it anywhere, coffee shop, lunchroom, remotely. Avoid the lab. Small pools are allowed. Should be used to confirm and discover all the time in UX. At least consider A/B testing.
www.flickr.com/photos/13316988@N00/3231977570www.flickr.com/photos/25642587@N00/2724175411
Navigational DesignRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Small content mean less categorisation, less options. Still look for new pathways to navigate. Use simple Tree testing.
http://www.flickr.com/photos/19762676@N00/3316195479
n/a
Story BoardingRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Can be traditional, photoboard, stick figures, movieboard, flash based screen prototypes. Lots tool available. Remember to keep it sketchy, produce at a fast and furious rate. Also consider Task and Story Boards as Swinlanes.
www.flickr.com/photos/37074888@N00/4037629205www.flickr.com/photos/70321513@N00/3975307520
n/a
Flow ChartingRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Work well with Use Cases. Task, functionality and screen flow can all be mapped. Helps bridge designers and developers. Combine wireframes and flowcharts to get wireflows.
www.flickr.com/photos/38869431@N00/1121226671 www.flickr.com/photos/49503215066@N01/268374764
n/a
Mood BoardsRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Quick and easy to produce. Show emotional landscape. Supporting the visceral response of the cognitive process. Need to elicited an emotional response.
www.flickr.com/photos/32729422@N00/2181557066
n/a
WireframesRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Need to be quick, not detailed masterpieces. Document the basics and move on. Do we really need them if rapid prototyping is used. Use Pattern Libraries.
www.flickr.com/photos/32729422@N00/2181557066 www.flickr.com/photos/84392129@N00/3626834995 www.flickr.com/photos/33472412@N00/3307873748
n/a
Graphical MockupRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Mockups in Photoshop can take too long, move to Browser mockups. Consider collaged mockups from competitors or like functional sites to get visual direction, like an extention of Participatory Design.
© radharc.com.au
n/a
PrototypingRequired:
Time:
Cost:
Reliability:
Influence:
Small Projects:
Small Guy Parable : Use paper, pens, bottle tops, whiteboards to interactive generators from Axure to Screenflow. Document with photos or screenshots, KIS. Use Pattern Libraries. Give the site a human personality.
www.flickr.com/photos/13316988@N00/2208732061 www.flickr.com/photos/68453525@N00/3605778917
n/a
UX Elements of Rapture
Stakeholder Interviews
Business Requirements
Content Audit
User Interviews
Navigational Design
Brainstorming
User Testing
Task Analysis
Mood Boards
Graphical Mockups
Prototypes
Waterfall vs Whirlpool
Regardless of Waterfall or Agile projects, UX can be used in both
www.flickr.com/photos/44493439@N00/537285629 www.flickr.com/photos/61775176@N00/89030908
UX is Hard
Client wants a cheap option - don’t go with the Gut!
www.flickr.com/photos/35723943@N00/165144643
Design is about Failure
“Genius is the ability to reduce the complicated to the simple.”C.W. Ceram
© istockphoto.com
AddIdeas
AddIdeas Final
Product
Time
No. ofIdeas
Concept Generation
Lost Ideas
“The public is more familiar with bad design than good design.”Paul Rand
© istockphoto.com
Final Product
Time
No. ofIdeas
Concept Generation
Lost Ideas
Lost Ideas
Time to Get Ideas!
“The only thing more expensive than writing software is writing bad software”
Alan Cooper
www.flickr.com/photos/41534655@N00/243010900
Selling UX
Reality check - UX can be seen as expensive window dressing
www.flickr.com/photos/24995774@N06/2358339193
No Jargon!
Just like IT cut the techo-babble, so we have too.
www.flickr.com/photos/79446887@N00/2844238907
Speak Business
Talk like an Accountant, Marketeer, Human Resources, CEO
www.flickr.com/photos/14718994@N03/2279273026
CEO’s Love Design
Clients like to be involved, it’s more interest than Accounts
www.flickr.com/photos/34281632@N03/3646744137
The Commandments
Is too much documentation drowning UX in costs?
© istockphoto.com
DESIGN
USERTEST
USERTEST
USERTEST
DESIGNDEV
DEV
RESEARCH
BUSINESS
INFOR
MATIO
NCU
STOMER
InterationZero
BUILD
BRAINSTORM
• UX is about Business and Users
• Stop the old ways
• UX can be Agile
• User research is important
• Don’t go with the gut
• Selling UX is more important than the design
Questions
GARY BARBER
@tuna
manwithnoblog.com
radharc.com.au
Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial 2.5 Australia License Typeface - Footlights Flickr attribution on relevant slide
Local UX Resources
• UX BookClub - uxbookclub.org
• Usability Professionals’ Association - www.upassoc.org
• Information Architect Institute - iainstitute.org
• Mailing Lists:
✴ IxDA - ixda.org