UTTAR BANGA KRISHI VISWAVIDYALAYA PUNDIBARI, COOCHBEHAR, WEST BENGAL-736165.

UTTAR BANGA KRISHI UTTAR BANGA KRISHI VISWAVIDYALAYAVISWAVIDYALAYAPUNDIBARI, COOCHBEHAR, PUNDIBARI, COOCHBEHAR, WEST BENGAL-736165WEST BENGAL-736165W HERE W ISDOM IS FREE

2 UBKV, COOCHBEHAR, WBWHERE WISDOM IS FREE

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IMPORTANT FEATURES OF IMPORTANT FEATURES OF NORTH BENGALNORTH BENGAL

• Geographical Area: 21541 sq kmGeographical Area: 21541 sq km• Population : 1.87 crores Population : 1.87 crores

– Rural – 86%Rural – 86%– SC / ST population – 40%SC / ST population – 40%– Small and Marginal Farmers – 88%Small and Marginal Farmers – 88%

• SoilSoil– Light textured, deficient in macro and Light textured, deficient in macro and

micronutrientmicronutrient– Low soil pH, high water tableLow soil pH, high water table– High humidity (Max.: 87-97%; Min: 43-65%)High humidity (Max.: 87-97%; Min: 43-65%)– Rainfall – 1485 mm (Malda) to 3508mm Rainfall – 1485 mm (Malda) to 3508mm

(Jalpaiguri)(Jalpaiguri)– Poor irrigation facility, 38% (Malda) to 16% Poor irrigation facility, 38% (Malda) to 16%

(Coochbehar); State average: 42.8%(Coochbehar); State average: 42.8%

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Area, Production and Productivity of Wheat Area, Production and Productivity of Wheat

in West Bengalin West Bengal Year Area

(‘000ha.)Production(‘000 ton)

Productivity(kg/ha.)

2001-022001-02 426.0426.0 1058.61058.6 24852485

2002-032002-03 405.4405.4 887.4887.4 21892189

2003-042003-04 425.7425.7 985.7985.7 23152315

2004-052004-05 400.1400.1 841.5841.5 21032103

2005-062005-06 367.0367.0 774.0774.0 21092109

2006-072006-07 351.0351.0 799.0799.0 22812281

2007-082007-08 353.0353.0 917.0917.0 26022602

2008-092008-09 316.0316.0 765.0765.0 24902490

2009-102009-10 307.0307.0 847.0847.0 26802680

Source: Economic Review, Govt. of W.B

Major Cropping sequence

- Old – Alluvial Zone

•Winter rice - Fallow

•Winter rice - Summer rice

•Maize - winter rice - Potato / wheat /

vegetable (emerging)

- Terai Zone

•Winter rice - Fallow

•Jute / Maize – winter rice – Potato / vegetable

- Old – Alluvial Zone

•Replacement of summer rice by wheat

•Expansion of wheat area through covering fallow and utilizing excess water from boro-paddy for supplementary use

-Terai Zone

Expansion of area through covering fallow utilizing residual soil moisture

Application of supplementary irrigation at critical growth stage through decreasing potato area.

Intervening Areas for Wheat Area expansion

Major constraints of wheat production in West Bengal

Preharvest sproutingSpikelet sterility Foliar blight

•Late transplanting of paddy after jute coupled with long duration varieties like Swarna

•Late sowing of wheat - Loss / problem in harvesting due to occurrence of pre-monsoon rain- Suffering from terminal heat during panical / ripening stage- Non-availability of good late sown variety- Micronutrient deficiency such as boron cause spikelet sterility in wheat- Occurrence of foliar blight diseases like Zonate Eye Spot, Leaf Blight, Tan Spot, Spot Blotch

ENTRY No.

CROSS NAMES AUDPC1 AUDPC2

6746 ELVIRA//INQALAB 91*2/KUKUNA 83.33 148.15

6702 TILHI/4/CROC_1/AE.SQUARROSA (213)//PGO/3/CMH81.38/2*KAUZ 108.02 169.75

6739 PBW343/HUITES/4/YAR/AE. SQUARROSA (783)//MILAN/3/BAV92 101.85 197.53

6726 INQALAB 91*2/KUKUNA//2*KRONSTAD F2004 129.63 216.05

6731 SERI.1B*2/3/KAUZ*2/BOW//KAUZ*2/5/CNO79//PF70354/MUS/3/PASTOR/4/BAV92 157.41 216.05

6742 PBW343*2/KUKUNA//PBW343*2/KUKUNA/3/PBW343 166.67 231.48

6719 WHEAR/3/PBW343/PASTOR//ATTILA/3*BCN 182.10 246.91

6729 CNDO/R143//ENTE/MEXI_2/3/AEGILOPS SQUARROSA TAUS)/4/WEAVER…… 154.32 262.35

6749 SERI.1B*2/3/KAUZ*2/BOW//KAUZ*2/5/CNO79//PF70354/MUS/3/PASTOR/4/BAV92 185.19 287.04

6751 LOCAL CHECK 188.27 287.04

6710 CROC_1/AE.SQUARROSA (205)//KAUZ/3/SASIA/4/TROST 191.36 293.21

6738 WAXWING*2/CIRCUS 182.10 293.21

6707 SERI.1B*2/3/KAUZ*2/BOW//KAUZ*2/5/CNO79//PF70354/MUS/3/PASTOR/4/BAV92 185.19 299.38

6714 SERI.1B*2/3/KAUZ*2/BOW//KAUZ*2/4/KRONSTAD F2004 216.05 302.47

BASED ON AUDPC 2

Selection of stress tolerant Selection of stress tolerant wheatwheat

• Selection of terminal heat tolerant varieties for late (15th December) and very late (30th December) sown conditions

• Late Sown- Francolin (4.05 t/ha), and NW 2036 (3.40 t/ha)

• Very Late Sown- Francolin (3.24 t/ha), and NW 2036 (2.84 t/ha)

Selection of genotypes for tolerance to Boron Defficiency

UBW 5 (BD(JAM)208-IJE-OJE-OJE……..), UBW 6 (CMSS 93Y02712T-40Y………….), UBW 7 (TNMU/3/ALD/COC/URES)

1212

ZERO-TILLAGE WHEAT ZERO-TILLAGE WHEAT (Conservation Agriculture Approach)(Conservation Agriculture Approach)

Varietal Performance– HD 2733, DBW 39 (Timely

Sown)– NW 2036, Francolin (Late Sown)

• Use varieties suitable for late sowing• To utilize residual soil moisture• Area expansion of wheat for high ecological land use.• To combat weed problem• Minimize disease occurrence

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Sl. No.

Variety Yield (t/h) Foliar blightZT CT ZT CT

1 Francolin 5.20 5.25 55 752 Ruby 3.36 4.58 54 753 Agrim 2.90 2.39 75 774 HD 2827 3.80 3.97 55 555 Sarpat 3.91 3.14 54 756 DBW 17 3.80 3.40 54 757 DBW 39 5.30 5.17 54 558 DBW 38 3.85 4.65 75 759 Munal 4.20 3.95 55 7510 Ko 307 4.72 4.50 74 7511 Raj 4120 3.60 3.76 75 7512 HD 2687 3.84 3.50 55 5413 HD 2985 3.59 3.70 75 7514 HD 2733 5.20 5.35 55 5515 PBW 621 4.10 4.23 54 5516 Sonalika 3.78 3.85 77 79

Weed- A major problem for Weed- A major problem for NEPZNEPZ

Polygonum pensylvanicum Polygonum persicaria Polygonum hydropiper

Weed pressure in wheat at Coochbehar

1515

Zero tillage had considerably reduced weed pressure, however, it caused shifting of weed flora from •Polygonum and •Stellaria media to •Hydrocotyl ranunculoides, Solanum niagrum,• New species of Polygonum (?)•Ageratum conyzoides•Stellaria acquatica

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Zonate Eye Spot

-100.00

-50.00

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

300.00

350.00

400.00

DIF

FE

RE

NC

E O

F A

UD

PC

BE

TW

EE

N C

T A

ND

ZT

.

2007-08 240.74 203.70 138.89 222.22 342.62

2008-09 185.19 -9.26 74.07 18.54 175.96

2009-10 83.33 -37.04 27.75 46.29 120.39

PBW 343 HD 2733 DBW 14 NW 2036 SONALIKA

-100.00

-50.00

0.00

50.00

100.00

150.00

200.00

250.00

300.00

350.00

400.00

DIF

FE

RE

NC

E O

F A

UD

PC

BE

TW

EE

N C

T A

ND

ZT

.

2007-08 240.74 203.70 138.89 222.22 342.62

2008-09 185.19 -9.26 74.07 18.54 175.96

2009-10 83.33 -37.04 27.75 46.29 120.39

PBW 343 HD 2733 DBW 14 NW 2036 SONALIKASpot Blotch

Development of system approach adopting conservation measure :

- Zero tillage sowing for all the crops

- Introduction of medium duration paddy varieties

( 130 days)

- Direct seeded rice based on weather forecasting

- Unpuddled transplanted rice – through manually /

transportation

- Inclusion of legume in crop rotation / mix cropping

during prekharif / rabi

season

- Bio-priming of seeds / application of bio-fertilizers

- Crop residue management

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1.Soil constraints

i) Widespread deficiency of

micronutrients (Zn and B)

ii) Low soil organic matter

iii) Acidic pH

iv) Sandy to sandy loam texture

v) Fragmented land

2.Use of low productive varieties

3.Imbalance in nutrient management

4.Disease incidence at epidemic level

5.Aggressive growth of weeds

• Increase area under cultivation by converting fallow land into cropped area• Soil

•crop residue management•green manuring through surface mulching•reduced or zero tillage•efficient utilization of nutrients (using bio-fertilizers)

• Soil Health Assessment • Microbial Activity• Carbon pool assessment• Physico-chemical attributes

•Disease • Study of disease dynamics• Biological management of residue

•Weeds • Weed dynamics and shifting• Weed management

•Varietal Development•Suited to ZT condition, •Boron deficiency tolerant•Late heat tolerant

Problems and Opportunities

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