CHAPTER I INTRODUCTIONS 1.1 Background In the world of agriculture, planting media is something that absolutely necessary to be able to perform farming activities. Generally, people familiar with the soil as growing media primary. But with the rapid population growth and the high demand of agriculture production contributed to the increasing exploitation of the land to be used as a planting media, especially the upper soil (top soil or horizon O / A and B) Nowadays farmers generally have started looking for alternative media beside soil, this is because most of the land has been processed so that the top soil not longer contain organic material and nutrients are high. Planting media from waste coconutfiber was one alternative that is increasingly in demand. This media has several advantages like: the ability to hold water and nutrients are high, has a crumbly texture, can 1 Utilization cocofiber waste as Planting media
memberikan penjelasa tenang cocopeat yang dapat digunakan sebagai media tanam
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CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTIONS
1.1 Background
In the world of agriculture, planting media is something that absolutely
necessary to be able to perform farming activities. Generally, people familiar with
the soil as growing media primary. But with the rapid population growth and the
high demand of agriculture production contributed to the increasing exploitation
of the land to be used as a planting media, especially the upper soil (top soil or
horizon O / A and B)
Nowadays farmers generally have started looking for alternative media
beside soil, this is because most of the land has been processed so that the
top soil not longer contain organic material and nutrients are high.
Planting media from waste coconutfiber was one alternative that is
increasingly in demand. This media has several advantages like: the ability to hold
water and nutrients are high, has a crumbly texture, can improve soil aeration, free
from pathogens, easy to obtain and cheap.
1.2 Limited of problems
1. Riau province has lot of histosol especially peat moss (gambut) which is
not suitable as planting media because the pH level that ussualy low.
2. Utilization of the coconut fiber which is waste of coconut crop still not
maximum. In the other side, cocofiber waste in Riau are plenty.
3. The change of climate has made rainfall distribution not evenly spread in
one year period. So, water not always available for plant.
4. Demand of cheap vegetable to fulfill nutritious food is increase these days.
1 Utilization cocofiber waste as Planting media
1.3 PURPOSE
The purpose of making this paper are:
1. Provide information to the public regarding the utilization of waste
coconut fiber as growing media.
2. Improving economic value from coconut .
3. Provide information to the people that cocopeat can be use as planting
media for plants, especially plants in pots / polybag.
2 Utilization cocofiber waste as Planting media
CHAPTER II
THE LITERATURE OF THE RESEARCH
2.1 Definition and terms of planting media
Planting media is a material that serves to sustain the plants, providing
nutrients and provides a place for plant roots to grow and flourish. Through
growing media the plants get most of the nutrients. For the cultivation of plants in
containers or polybags , growing media is made in exchange of soil. Therefore, it
must be able to replace the function of the soil for the plants ( Kemas Ali
Hanafiah, 2012).
Planting media must have good physical properties, chemical and
biological that suits with the plant need. Generally, a good growing media must be
have the following requirements:
Able to provide growing space for plant roots, while also able to sustain
the plant. This means growing media must be loose so that the roots of
plants can grow well and perfect, but still pretty solid hold roots and stems
that do not collapsed .
Have a good porosity, means it can save water at the same time also have
drainage (ability to drain water) and aeration (ability to carry oxygen) is
good.
Providing enough nutrients both macro and micro. Nutrients are essential
for plant growth. These nutrients can be supplied from fertilizer or activity
of microorganisms contained in growing media.
Does not contain the seeds of disease, growing media must be clean of
pests and diseases. Pests and diseases contained within growing media can
attack plants and causing death in plants. Good Planting media not has to
be sterile because many of soil microorganisms are actually very beneficial
to the plants, but must be hygienic from germs.
3 Utilization cocofiber waste as Planting media
2.2 The potential of waste coconut fiber as planting media
Now the world's attention focused on the greening for the salvation of the
world. Needs of fertile soil will continue to increase , but the problem arises when
it comes to greening the urban soil is no longer fertile. The easiest way is to take a
productive and fertile land elsewhere or forests actual also interfere with the
preservation of nature. In some developed countries have already banned the soil
from one area to another, the purpose of preventing outbreaks of pests and
diseases that usually come in the land.
Therefore, in developed countries began looking for a replacement of the
soil, one of good alternative is cocopeat. This product is produced from coconut
fiber, unfortunately cocopeat it is not widely used by farmers and the hobbyists in
cultivation, while cocopeat has the ability to hold water and nutrients.
Picture 1 : Coconut fiber
The other product from coconut that can produce foreign exchange for the
country is coconut fiber which consist of fibers (fiber long), bristle (smooth and
short fibers), and coir dust. The fibers can be processed into elastic fibers, mat,
geotextile, carpet, and craft products / household industries. Mat and elastic fibers
are widely used in industrial seats, mattress and upholstery heat. Coir dust can be
processed to compost and cocopeat, and particle board / hardboard. (Suwarto, et al
2014).
4 Utilization cocofiber waste as Planting media
Utilization of coconut fiber that is not less interesting as coco peat is the
coconut husks are processed into granules of coconut fiber. Coco peat can hold
water and the elements of fertilizer and also can neutralize soil acidity. Because of
these haracteristics, coco peat can be used as a good media for the growth of
horticultural crops and greenhouse plants media. (http://www.chem-is-try.org/)
Based on the research, coconut fiber powder is one of the alternative
planting medium that are both organic and abundant to archipelago countries
including Indonesia. The advantage is fiber (lasting 10 years to decompose) and is
able to absorb and retain water and fertilizer 8-10 times, it is flexible and loose, so
that the oxygen and sunlight easily reach in depth, so that the the roots of the
plants will be more active and productive.
Cocopeat is expected to be an alternative in the world for the improvement
of soil fertility, because when mixed with sandy soil, yields were also amazing.
Cocopeat coconut fiber or an alternative organic materials that can be used as a
growing media. Coconut fiber for growing media, better derived from olds
coconuts because it has a strong fiber.
Cocopeat media can be a safety substitute for soil and healthy plants.
Because the characteristic of cocopeat which saves a lot of water and air rich pore
growth to seed germination is very good at soil level fertile soil will always be
loose so that the new roots grow fast and heavy. No longer susceptible seedlings
ends when moved outdoors.( Kevin hendrik et al, 2010)
In addition cocopeat other advantages are:
1. Characeristic of cocopeat easily accommodate water in the pores. This is
beneficial because it will keep the splashed liquid fertilizer until the plants
to fertilization frequency can be reduced.
2. Loosen soil with pH neutral and environmentally friendly (> 10 years).
3. Able to binds smells in the vicinity.
4. Supporting the growth of roots quickly, so it is good for the nursery.