“Using Oblique & 3 D Imaging for Map Production & GIS Support in Bosnia - Herzegovina ”

January 26th 2011 GIS Support in BiH - Op. ALTHEA 1/40

EUFOR / NATO UNCLASSIFIED

VIZVIZ PRINTPRINTTERATERAEUFOR HQEUFOR HQ GEOGEO

Charalampos (Babis) PARASCHOU, Lt Col (GRC Army) EUropean FORces HQ – Sarajevo BiH

Information Analysis Division / Chief Geogrpahic Officer [email protected], f/b: Charalampos Paraschou, mob 0030 694 4141929

““Using Oblique & 3 D Imaging Using Oblique & 3 D Imaging ffor Map or Map Production & GIS Support Production & GIS Support iin Bosnian Bosnia - -

HerzegovinaHerzegovina ””

presented to:presented to:

Martin BOEHLEIN Civ. GIS Technician EUropean FORces HQ – Sarajevo BiH




AGENDAAGENDA1)1) EUFOR HQ – Orientation – MissionEUFOR HQ – Orientation – Mission

2)2) 3D ANAGLYPH MAPS (Red-Blue glasses)3D ANAGLYPH MAPS (Red-Blue glasses)

3)3) 3D PRINTERS – A 3D MAP of BiH3D PRINTERS – A 3D MAP of BiH

4)4) 3D DIGITAL MODELs – A 3D model of BiH in a USB 3D DIGITAL MODELs – A 3D model of BiH in a USB stick stick

5)5) Q&AQ&A




AGENDAAGENDA1)1) EUFOR HQ – Orientation – Mission EUFOR HQ – Orientation – Mission

2) 3D ANAGLYPH MAPS (Red-Blue glasses)3D ANAGLYPH MAPS (Red-Blue glasses)

3) 3D PRINTERS – A 3D MAP of BiH3D PRINTERS – A 3D MAP of BiH


5)5) Q&A Q&A




Mission Mission accomplished…accomplished…

1992

2010




Bosnia Herzegovina War March 1992 - November 1995Bosnia Herzegovina War March 1992 - November 1995

June 1992 - December 1995 UNPROFOR June 1992 - December 1995 UNPROFOR (United Nation Protection Force)(United Nation Protection Force)

Geospatial support required:Geospatial support required: low scale maps and digital datalow scale maps and digital data low resolution imagerieslow resolution imageries local maps (if available)local maps (if available) compound mapscompound maps troops supporttroops support




Dayton Peace Agreement 21 November 1995Dayton Peace Agreement 21 November 1995

December 1995 - December 1996 IFOR December 1995 - December 1996 IFOR (Implementation Force) (Implementation Force)

Geospatial support required:Geospatial support required: medium scale maps and digital datamedium scale maps and digital data medium resolution imageriesmedium resolution imageries troops deploymenttroops deployment situation overviewsituation overview geodetic benchmarksgeodetic benchmarks




First Democratic elections in BiH September 1996First Democratic elections in BiH September 1996

December 1996 - December 2004 SFORDecember 1996 - December 2004 SFOR (Stabilization Forces)(Stabilization Forces)

December 2004 - Current EUFOR December 2004 - Current EUFOR (European Union Forces)(European Union Forces)

Geospatial support required:Geospatial support required: high scale maps and digital datahigh scale maps and digital data high resolution imagerieshigh resolution imageries intel activitiesintel activities data acquisition (new features)data acquisition (new features) new mapsnew maps

The next step for EUFOR is the transformation from The next step for EUFOR is the transformation from a Peacekeeping mission to a Training mission.a Peacekeeping mission to a Training mission.(helping BiH to become a member of EU and NATO)(helping BiH to become a member of EU and NATO)




AGENDAAGENDA1) EUFOR HQ – Orientation – Mission EUFOR HQ – Orientation – Mission

2)2) 3D ANAGLYPH MAPS (Red-Blue glasses) 3D ANAGLYPH MAPS (Red-Blue glasses)

3) 3D PRINTERS – A 3D MAP of BiH 3D PRINTERS – A 3D MAP of BiH


5)5) Q&A Q&A




© ERDAS, Inc. A Hexagon Company. All Rights Reserved

What is Stereo Viewing?What is Stereo Viewing?

Imagine a “Real World” scene...Imagine a “Real World” scene...






How would a camera “see” this How would a camera “see” this scene?scene?

1 perspective center1 perspective centerNo depth perceptionNo depth perception2D image2D image






How would a human “see” this How would a human “see” this scene?scene?

2 perspective centers2 perspective centersHuman brain resolves two images Human brain resolves two images into a 3D imageinto a 3D image

Depth perceptionDepth perception

Left Eye Right Eye





Viewing stereo pairsViewing stereo pairs

Same concepts apply when Same concepts apply when viewing a pair of images or viewing a pair of images or photographs in stereophotographs in stereo

Stereo OverlapStereo OverlapIn this case we provide the two In this case we provide the two images for our two eyesimages for our two eyes

Brain “tricked” into seeing in Brain “tricked” into seeing in stereostereo





Viewing stereo pairsViewing stereo pairs

The Terrain Editor allows us to place our eyes at The Terrain Editor allows us to place our eyes at the location where the images were exposed the location where the images were exposed

Flight Line





Eye and Photo Base DistancesEye and Photo Base Distances

Eye Base:Eye Base:






Eye Base:Eye Base:

Distance between interpreter’s eyes





Distance between exposure stations


Photo Base:Photo Base:





X-ParallaxX-Parallax

““The apparent displacement of an object caused by The apparent displacement of an object caused by the shift in the position of observation”the shift in the position of observation”

AB






AB

Change in position of rooftop termed stereoscopic parallax


1. Parallax of a point is directly related to its elevation

2. Parallax is greater for high points than low points






Variation in parallax, caused by elevation, provides Variation in parallax, caused by elevation, provides the basis for determining elevation of points from the basis for determining elevation of points from photographic measurementphotographic measurement



1. Parallax of a point is directly related to its elevation

2. Parallax is greater for high points than low points




Summary of 3D viewing:Summary of 3D viewing: Viewing 3D map (red-blue glasses):)

Software (Erdas Imagine in our case)

Using a DEM which accuracy is direct related with the map scale

Computes the parallax for every map pixel

Creates a new digital map file where the red-blue layers moved from pix to pix according to the parallax




THE 3D MAPS’ PrintersTHE 3D MAPS’ Printers

Traditional Uses of 3D GIS modelsTraditional Uses of 3D GIS models EducationEducation Situational AnalysisSituational Analysis DisplayDisplay CommunicationCommunication

ProcessProcess Hand made, CNC, MoldedHand made, CNC, Molded Expensive (thousands of dollars)Expensive (thousands of dollars) Slow (many days, even weeks)Slow (many days, even weeks)





2) 3D ANAGLYPH MAPS (Red-Blue glasses) 3D ANAGLYPH MAPS (Red-Blue glasses)

3)3) 3D PRINTERS – A 3D MAP of BiH 3D PRINTERS – A 3D MAP of BiH


5)5) Q&A Q&A




THE 3D MAPS’ Printers THE 3D MAPS’ Printers

Output Device for 3D SoftwareOutput Device for 3D Software




THE 3D MAPS’ Printers – future planningTHE 3D MAPS’ Printers – future planning

Three-Dimensional Printing technology (3DP) originally developed Three-Dimensional Printing technology (3DP) originally developed at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1993.at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1993.

3DP technology creates 3D physical prototypes by solidifying layers 3DP technology creates 3D physical prototypes by solidifying layers of deposited powder using a liquid binder.of deposited powder using a liquid binder.

By definition 3DP is an extremely versatile and rapid process By definition 3DP is an extremely versatile and rapid process accommodating geometry of varying complexity in hundreds of accommodating geometry of varying complexity in hundreds of different applications, and supporting many types of materials.different applications, and supporting many types of materials.

3D Printing for GIS3D Printing for GIS




Our choice - Z CorporationOur choice - Z CorporationAdvantagesAdvantages

Probably the World’s Fastest 3D PrinterProbably the World’s Fastest 3D Printer Unrivaled speed delivers parts in hours versus daysUnrivaled speed delivers parts in hours versus days Only reasonable option for large GIS modelsOnly reasonable option for large GIS models

Best Value in ClassBest Value in Class Most inexpensive partsMost inexpensive parts Most affordable systemMost affordable system

Great PartsGreat Parts High definition parts for great detail and accuracyHigh definition parts for great detail and accuracy

ColorColor Only technology that prints in full colorOnly technology that prints in full color Essential for printing realistic GIS modelsEssential for printing realistic GIS models

Sample CustomersSample Customers

US Army - US Army Corp of Engineers - University of Michigan etcUS Army - US Army Corp of Engineers - University of Michigan etc






3D Printing-How it Works <1/4>3D Printing-How it Works <1/4>

Spread a layer of powder

Print a slice of the part

Spread another layer of powder

Parts are printed with no supports to remove





3D Printing-How it Works <2/4>3D Printing-How it Works <2/4> Z Corp. 3D printers use standard inkjet printing technology to create Z Corp. 3D printers use standard inkjet printing technology to create parts layer-by-layer by depositing a liquid binder onto thin layers of parts layer-by-layer by depositing a liquid binder onto thin layers of powder.powder.Instead of feeding paper under the print heads like a 2D printer, a 3D Instead of feeding paper under the print heads like a 2D printer, a 3D printer moves the print heads over a bed of powder upon which it printer moves the print heads over a bed of powder upon which it prints the cross-sectional data sent from the software. prints the cross-sectional data sent from the software. The Z Corp. system requires powder to be distributed accurately and The Z Corp. system requires powder to be distributed accurately and evenly across the build platform. evenly across the build platform. 3D Printers accomplish this task by using a feed piston and platform, 3D Printers accomplish this task by using a feed piston and platform, which rises incrementally for each layer. which rises incrementally for each layer. A roller mechanism spreads powder fed from the feed piston onto A roller mechanism spreads powder fed from the feed piston onto the build platform.the build platform.The excess powder falls down an overflow chute, into a container for The excess powder falls down an overflow chute, into a container for reuse in the next build.reuse in the next build.

Spread a layer of powder





3D Printing-How it Works <3/4>3D Printing-How it Works <3/4> Once the layer of powder is spread, the inkjet print heads print the Once the layer of powder is spread, the inkjet print heads print the cross-sectional area for the first, or bottom slice of the part onto the cross-sectional area for the first, or bottom slice of the part onto the smooth layer of powder, binding the powder together. smooth layer of powder, binding the powder together. A piston then lowers the build platform 0.1016mm (0.004”), and a A piston then lowers the build platform 0.1016mm (0.004”), and a new layer of powder is spread on top.new layer of powder is spread on top.The print heads apply the data for the next cross section onto the The print heads apply the data for the next cross section onto the new layer, which binds itself to the previous layer.new layer, which binds itself to the previous layer.ZPrint repeats this process for all of the layers of the part.ZPrint repeats this process for all of the layers of the part.The 3D printing process creates an exact physical model of the The 3D printing process creates an exact physical model of the geometry represented by 3D data.geometry represented by 3D data.Process time depends on the height of the part or parts being built. Process time depends on the height of the part or parts being built. Typically, these 3D printers build at a vertical rate of 25mm – 50mm Typically, these 3D printers build at a vertical rate of 25mm – 50mm (1” – 2”) per hour.(1” – 2”) per hour.

Print cross sectionPrint cross section





3D Printing-How it Works <4/4>3D Printing-How it Works <4/4>When the 3D printing process completes, loose powder surrounds When the 3D printing process completes, loose powder surrounds and supports the part in the build chamber.and supports the part in the build chamber.Users can remove the part from the build chamber after the Users can remove the part from the build chamber after the materials have had time to set, and return unprinted, loose powder materials have had time to set, and return unprinted, loose powder back to the feed platform for reuse. back to the feed platform for reuse. Users then use forced air to blow the excess powder off the printed Users then use forced air to blow the excess powder off the printed part, a short process which takes less than 10 minutes. part, a short process which takes less than 10 minutes. Z Corp. technology does not require the use of solid or attached Z Corp. technology does not require the use of solid or attached supports during the printing process, and all unused material is supports during the printing process, and all unused material is reusable.reusable.

Print a layer of powderPrint a layer of powder




Our choice - Spectrum Z™510Our choice - Spectrum Z™510

High Definition

High Fidelity Full Color

Large Build Volume





High DefinitionHigh Definition

High resolution 600 X 540 DPI printing

Great detail and accuracy

4 pt font!


High Color FidelityHigh Color Fidelity

Full 24-bit color

Large Build EnvelopeLarge Build Envelope 10”x 14”x 8” (250 x 350 x 200 mm)10”x 14”x 8” (250 x 350 x 200 mm)




Sample Applications (1/5)Sample Applications (1/5)Operations/Response Planning Communication and ReviewCartographic DisplaysAdvanced 3D Visualization





Operations/Response Planning (2/5)Operations/Response Planning (2/5)Deploy 3D Terrain and Urban models to field units and Deploy 3D Terrain and Urban models to field units and operation centersoperation centersReplace the ‘Sand Table’ with models printed with the ‘Sand Table’ with models printed with real-time geospatial intelligencereal-time geospatial intelligenceLine of sightLine of sightPlume analysisPlume analysisLeast cost pathLeast cost path





Communication and Review (3/5)Communication and Review (3/5)

Communication models for client/public review process

Full color models add communication power and customer impact

Easy to understand complex information





Cartographic Display (4/5)Cartographic Display (4/5)Topography and terrain from GIS data

Hydrography

City Models

Cartographer/Analyst map production

Educational/Museum Displays





Advanced 3D Visualization (5/5)Advanced 3D Visualization (5/5)

Full Color 3D output enables:Full Color 3D output enables:

Geologic researchGeologic research

Site study and evaluationSite study and evaluation

Subsurface visualizationSubsurface visualization

Watershed AnalysisWatershed Analysis

Viewshed determinationsViewshed determinations





Printing GIS data in 3DPrinting GIS data in 3DChose the level of detail and area you want to modelDetermine the size and scale of the modelHow will the model be displayed? Export a VRML/PLY file for 3D printing from GIS

softwareDEM (digital elevation model) Color Image

Orthorectified, registered to the DEM.Satellite, Aerial, Annotation, Chloropleth

Print 3D model of VRML file on 3D Printer using simple Z Corp software





Summary of AdvantagesSummary of AdvantagesRapidly produce sophisticated cartography at very low cost

Hours instead of days/weeksTens or hundreds of dollars instead of thousandsFull-color models

Fundamentally change the way you use GIS data to communicate

Raise exposure & visibility of GIS dataCommunicate clearly with clients, co-workers or public

Perform analysis on critical elements with quick, inexpensive, easily reproducible models





AGENDAAGENDA1) EUFOR HQ – Orientation – MissionEUFOR HQ – Orientation – Mission



4)4) 3D DIGITAL MODELs – A 3D model of BiH in a USB 3D DIGITAL MODELs – A 3D model of BiH in a USB stick (3slides-1hide)stick (3slides-1hide)

5)5) Q&A Q&A








5)5) Q&A Q&A (maybe)(maybe)

Thank you for your attention, I am pending your Thank you for your attention, I am pending your questions..??questions..??

“Using Oblique & 3 D Imaging for Map Production & GIS Support in Bosnia - Herzegovina ”

Technology

d model of bih

d imageinto

d map of bih3d printers

d imagingusing oblique

d image2d image

digital datahigh scale

digital datamedium scale

digital datalow scale