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Using metabolomics with neonatal blood spots to discover ... · Yukiko Yano. Katie Hall. Courtney Schiffman. Sandrine Dudoit. Alan Hubbard . Catherine Metayer. Todd Whitehead. Anthony
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Using metabolomics with neonatal blood spots to discover causes of
childhood leukemia
S.M. Rappaport and Lauren PetrickUniversity of California, Berkeley
Known or suspected causes of childhood leukemia (mostly ALL)
• Genes (< 10% of risk)• Exposures
o Associations with radiation, paternal smoking and some environmental chemicals
• Early life exposures important o Identical twins diagnosed as infants have very
high concordance rateso Most ALLs diagnosed before age 5
Cancer Facts & Figures 2014: Special Addition, ACS
Age at diagnosis of CL
• Approximately 2,500 new cases per/year among children <15 years in the US
• Highest rates in Whites, Hispanics, and males
The blood exposome
S.M. Rappaport and M.T. Smith, Science, 2010: 330:460-461
EXPOSURES ARE CHEMICALS …and the blood exposome includes all chemicals in the body .
Exposures
Metabolome(Small molecules)
Transcriptome
Childhood leukemia
Genome
Lifestyle & infections
Diet & microbiome
Pollutants & radiation
EpigenomeProteome
Adductome(Reactive electrophiles)
Functional genome
Psychosocial stress
Chemical communicationFetal-blood exposome
Other factorsMaternal healthGender Birth weight
Archived neonatal dried blood spots (ANBS) contain information about the fetal exposome
Collected from 98% of newborns in the united states, 24-48 hours after birth
Used to test for congenital disorders If stored, can be used in
epidemiological studies Unique and important biospecimen