Using Instant Messaging Using Instant Messaging and and Short Message Service for Short Message Service for Emergency Text Emergency Text Communications Communications Wonsang Song Jong Yul Kim Henning Schulzrinne Dept. of Computer Science Columbia University Piotr Boni Michael Armstrong Verizon Network and Technology July 2009
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Using Instant Messaging and Short Message Service for Emergency Text Communications
Using Instant Messaging and Short Message Service for Emergency Text Communications. Piotr Boni Michael Armstrong Verizon Network and Technology. Wonsang Song Jong Yul Kim Henning Schulzrinne Dept. of Computer Science Columbia University. July 2009. Agenda. General Overview - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Using Instant Messaging and Using Instant Messaging and Short Message Service for Short Message Service for
Emergency Text CommunicationsEmergency Text Communications
BackgroundBackground• Text communications is ubiquitous in the US.Text communications is ubiquitous in the US.
– 71 million IM users in 2007 71 million IM users in 2007 Source: comScoreSource: comScore
– 263 million mobile telephone service subscribers263 million mobile telephone service subscribers601 billion SMS messages in 2008 601 billion SMS messages in 2008 (SMS is up 954% from 2005) (SMS is up 954% from 2005) Source: CTIA – The Wireless Association; FCC.Source: CTIA – The Wireless Association; FCC.
• But it is limited in emergency use.But it is limited in emergency use.– Anonymous crime tips in Boston and New YorkAnonymous crime tips in Boston and New York– Text alerts on university campusesText alerts on university campuses
• Text communications have advantages in emergency situation.Text communications have advantages in emergency situation.– When voice calls are not possibleWhen voice calls are not possible– For speech/hearing impairedFor speech/hearing impaired
• Research methods to integrate IM and SMS into the NG9-1-1 Research methods to integrate IM and SMS into the NG9-1-1 architecturearchitecture
• Investigate ways to maintain a “live session” with the call taker when Investigate ways to maintain a “live session” with the call taker when using IM or SMSusing IM or SMS
• Verify the approach on a working prototypeVerify the approach on a working prototype
• Problem: Most IM providers use proprietary protocols.Problem: Most IM providers use proprietary protocols.– AOL, Yahoo!, MicrosoftAOL, Yahoo!, Microsoft
• Fortunately, providers already use standard protocols Fortunately, providers already use standard protocols such as SIP or XMPP to interconnect IM services. such as SIP or XMPP to interconnect IM services. – Yahoo! and Microsoft use SIP.Yahoo! and Microsoft use SIP.– AOL and Google use XMPP.AOL and Google use XMPP.
• Prototype uses SIP MESSAGE method to add IM to Prototype uses SIP MESSAGE method to add IM to NG9-1-1.NG9-1-1.
• Problem: Every message from the same Problem: Every message from the same ‘session’ should go to the same call taker.‘session’ should go to the same call taker.
• Prototype keeps record of user’s address Prototype keeps record of user’s address and destination to deliver messages and destination to deliver messages consistently to one call taker.consistently to one call taker.
Adding SMS to NG9-1-1 (1)Adding SMS to NG9-1-1 (1)
• Problem: Location information must be included in Problem: Location information must be included in emergency messages.emergency messages.
• Location is configured using assisted GPS on cell Location is configured using assisted GPS on cell phones.phones.– This is an example of an endpoint-centric solution.This is an example of an endpoint-centric solution.
• Location is included in the Location is included in the SMS message.SMS message.
26/160To: 911Text:Someone in my house.Please send help ASAP.[+40.9625 -73.5684]
Step1: extract phone number, message, and locationStep1: extract phone number, message, and location
Step2: query LoST to resolve the ESRP URIStep2: query LoST to resolve the ESRP URI
Step3: compose a SIP MESSAGE request (SIP From header: sip: phone number @ IP address of the SMS gateway)Step3: compose a SIP MESSAGE request (SIP From header: sip: phone number @ IP address of the SMS gateway)
Adding SMS to NG9-1-1 (3)Adding SMS to NG9-1-1 (3)
• Problem: Every message from the same Problem: Every message from the same ‘session’ should go to the same call taker.‘session’ should go to the same call taker.
• Prototype keeps record of the user’s phone Prototype keeps record of the user’s phone number and the destination URL to deliver number and the destination URL to deliver messages consistently to one call taker.messages consistently to one call taker.
• Call taker has control over the session. The Call taker has control over the session. The session is released by the call taker.session is released by the call taker.
ConclusionConclusion• IM and SMS communications can be integrated into an IP PSAP IM and SMS communications can be integrated into an IP PSAP
using SIP.using SIP.
• Location can be configured and delivered with the message.Location can be configured and delivered with the message.
• Messages can be delivered consistently to the same call taker as if Messages can be delivered consistently to the same call taker as if it were a “session”.it were a “session”.– Mechanism within ESInet is the same for IM and SMS.Mechanism within ESInet is the same for IM and SMS.
• Prototype software developedPrototype software developed– SIP Communicator – modified open source, Java-based VoIP/IM clientSIP Communicator – modified open source, Java-based VoIP/IM client– Service Proxy a.k.a. HTTP-SIP Gateway as part of the SMS GW Service Proxy a.k.a. HTTP-SIP Gateway as part of the SMS GW
functionalityfunctionality– Stateful components in the emergency networkStateful components in the emergency network
Service Proxy a.k.a. HTTP-SIP GWService Proxy a.k.a. HTTP-SIP GW
• Web application running on Apache Tomcat serverWeb application running on Apache Tomcat server– Jointly developed using Java Servlet APIJointly developed using Java Servlet API
• SIP client runs in parallel within the web application.SIP client runs in parallel within the web application.– Developed using JAIN SIP stackDeveloped using JAIN SIP stack
• FeaturesFeatures– Converts from HTTP to SIP and vice versaConverts from HTTP to SIP and vice versa– Queries LoST in order to forward message to an appropriate Queries LoST in order to forward message to an appropriate
ESRPESRP– Keeps record of phone numbers and destination ESRP for a Keeps record of phone numbers and destination ESRP for a
limited time to maintain sessionlimited time to maintain session
• Propose solutions to standards organizationsPropose solutions to standards organizations
• Work on sending multimedia messages (MMS) to an IP Work on sending multimedia messages (MMS) to an IP PSAPPSAP
• Explore how commercial IM networks can be integrated Explore how commercial IM networks can be integrated into Emergency Networkinto Emergency Network– Build or re-use an IM gateway for proprietary protocolsBuild or re-use an IM gateway for proprietary protocols