Using GIS to Identify Strategically Important Wave Energy ... · Using GIS to Identify Strategically Important Wave Energy Sites. Xinxin (Linda) Xu,Dr. Bradley Buckham, Dr. Rosaline

Using GIS to Identify Strategically Important Wave Energy Sites

Xinxin (Linda) Xu, Dr. Bradley Buckham, Dr. Rosaline Canessa, Dr. Bryson Roberson, Dr. Helen Bailey

WEST COAST WAVE INITIATIVE

ESRI Ocean GIS Forum02 Nov 2017

Introduction

Increasing Electricity Demand on Vancouver Island

Increasing Interest in Renewable Energy

* Transmission Grids on Vancouver Island

Climate Change

Energy Self-Sufficiency

The Rising Cost of Electricity Generation

* I. Moazzen, B. Robertson, P. Wild, A. Rowe, B. Buckham (2016), Impacts of large-scale wave integration into a transmission-constrained grid. Renewable Energy, 88.

Lower Mainland

Introduction Why Wave Energy ?

Most energetic wave climates The annual gross wave energy transport • 40-50 kW/m at continental shelf• 35 kW/m at location only 7 km from coastline

Highest power density, relatively continuous and predictable

Seasonal variations correspond to the local residential energy demand

Close to coastal communities

A. Cornett, 2008

* A.Cornett, “A global wave energy resource assessment,” in International Offshore and Polar Engineering Conference, Vancouver, 2008

WCWI Study Area

Introduction West Coast Wave Initiative Research

West Coast Wave Initiative (WCWI)

Resource Assessment Technology Modeling Grid Integration• Nearshore SWAN/ SWASH wave

models• Fully directional models• 3 Measurement Buoys• Wave Energy Converter (WEC)

site investigations

• Time domain simulations• Complete spatial motion• Fully coupled PTO, mooring

and device models• WEC control

• KW: Hesquiaht Sound • MW: Vancouver Island• GW: BC-Alberta

GROSS RESOURCE NET RESOURCE USABLE RESOURCE

Geo-spatial Multi-criteria EvaluationWhy Use Geographical Information System (GIS) ?

Coastal areas have been utilized by many activities for centuries…

Aquaculture Industry

Transportation

Marine Mammals

Fishery Eco-system

The Geographical Information System (GIS) is the technology for making better decisions about choosing location.

*Figures used in this slide are from British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis Project Team. 2011. Marine Atlas of Pacific Canada: A Product of the British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis. Available from www.bcmca.ca.

Geo-spatial Multi-criteria EvaluationExclusion Factors & Competing Factors

* Dare is from DataBC. https://data.gov.bc.ca/* * British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis Project Team. 2011. Marine Atlas of Pacific Canada: A Product of the British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis. Available from www.bcmca.ca.

Wave Energy TransportWave DirectionShipping Density**Commercial Fish**Marine Conservation**PortTransmission Grid*CoastlineMarket

West Coast of Vancouver Island

Remove Exclusion Area Areas of Interests Multi-criteria

AnalysisPotential Sites

Parks and Protected Area

Industrial Site

Marina

Recreation Site

Anchorages

Ocean Depth

Competing FactorsExclusion Factors*

Geo-spatial Multi-criteria EvaluationWave Power Quality Criterion

Magnitude Frequency

Directionality Consistency

Wave Power Quality

Raw Wave Power

After frequency filter

After frequency & directional filter

The wave power quality is evaluated bymagnitude, frequency, directionality andconsistency.

* The wave data used were collected and processed by the West Coast Wave Initiative.

Geo-spatial Multi-criteria EvaluationOther Major Criteria

* British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis Project Team. 2011. Marine Atlas of Pacific Canada: A Product of the British Columbia Marine Conservation Analysis. Available from www.bcmca.ca.

Each layer is normalized to the same scale from 0 to 100.

*

Each normalized layer is assigned a weight, according to the importance of the criterion.

Scenarios StudySet up the Scenarios

0%

15%

30%

45%

60%

75%

Wave PowerQuality

MarineConservation

ExistingHuman Use

InstallingCost

Market Size

Equalitarian Commercial Investor

Environmentalist Government

Scenarios’ Weighting Schemes

Top 10% Hot-spot in Scenario N

…

Overlay

Top 10% Hot-spot in Scenario 1

Intersection No Intersection

Strategically Important Sites

Re-define Hot-spot

Suitability Index of Scenario 1

Suitability Index of Scenario N …

Scenarios StudyFlow-chart

Scenarios StudyDefine “Hot-spot”

Top 10th

Percentile Hot-spot

Top 10th

Percentile Hot-spot

Top 80th

Percentile Hot-spot

Top 50th

Percentile Hot-spot

Intersection

Selecting higher or lower the percentile of the Suitability Index will broaden or narrow the hot-spot.

InvestorEnvironmentalist

Hot spots are selected by the top 10 percentile of the Suitability Index.

Scenarios StudyComparison between “Hot-spots”

Equalitarian Environmentalist Investor A

Investor B National Lab

Government

Scenarios StudyOverlay “Hot-spots”

Hot-spots Intersection

The count of hot-spots overlaid

The count of hot-spots overlaid stands for the number of agency’s interests have been met in top 10 percentile.

Conclusions

1. We condense the very large and comprehensive wave dataset into a format that can fit into ArcGIS.

2. This scenarios study can enable people to negotiate the strategically import wave sites that can strike a good compromise between competing priorities.

For the first time in BC…

Thank you!

WEST COAST WAVE INITIATIVE

Xinxin (Linda) Xu -- [email protected] Website -- https://www.uvic.ca/research/projects/wcwi/