Using GIS Technology to Site WTE Facilities In NYC...Using GIS Technology to Site WTE Facilities In NYC Monica M. DeAngelo Columbia University Earth Engineering Center Waste-To-Energy

Using GIS Technology to Site WTE Facilities In NYC

Monica M. DeAngelo

Columbia University

Earth Engineering Center

Waste-To-Energy Research and Technology Council Meeting, Columbia University in the City of New York, November 14, 2003

ObjectivesObjectives

•• Use GIS as an analytical tool to:Use GIS as an analytical tool to:–– Evaluate NYC Solid Waste Mgmt PlanEvaluate NYC Solid Waste Mgmt Plan

•• PastPast•• PresentPresent

–– Ensure Environmental Justice in Ensure Environmental Justice in SitingSiting WTE WTE FacilitiesFacilities

–– Propose options for Propose options for location(slocation(s) of WTE in NYC) of WTE in NYC•• Utilize all MSW currently transported to landfillsUtilize all MSW currently transported to landfills•• LCA of current practices LCA of current practices vsvs proposedproposed•• Illustrate transport and emission savingsIllustrate transport and emission savings•• Use aerial imagery to determine Use aerial imagery to determine brownfieldbrownfield regionsregions•• Confirm findings with a site visitConfirm findings with a site visit

• 32 MWIs at 24 locations

• NYC former home to 89 landfills

• Fresh Kills closed in 2001

•Manhattan MSW exported to New Jersey WTE Facilities

•All other MSW transported to WTSs

History of NYC Waste History of NYC Waste ManagementManagement

Present DOS Present DOS SystemSystem

MSW = MSW = PutresciblePutrescible WasteWaste

••Waste Transfer StationsWaste Transfer Stations

••76 total (2000 Survey)76 total (2000 Survey)

••25 MSW25 MSW

••30 C&D30 C&D

••21 clean fill material21 clean fill material

••Marine Transfer StationsMarine Transfer Stations

••5 of 8 to be upgraded5 of 8 to be upgraded

AnalysisAnalysis

••Separate MSW Transfer Separate MSW Transfer StationsStations

••Bronx: 9Bronx: 9

••Brooklyn:10Brooklyn:10

••Queens: 6Queens: 6

••Statistics:Statistics:

4,520,73412,97520,28425

Total Input

(tons/yr)

Total Op. Capacity

(tpd)

Total Permit. Capacity

(tpd)

Total No. MSW

Stations

••Selected on geographic Selected on geographic division of transfer stationsdivision of transfer stations

••Proposed WTE sites selectedProposed WTE sites selected:••Surrounded by Surrounded by WTSsWTSs••Close proximity to Close proximity to MTSsMTSs

•• South BronxSouth Bronx•• GreenpointGreenpoint

••Brownfield regionsBrownfield regions••Elimination of nearby Elimination of nearby WTSsWTSs or or MTSsMTSs

Study AreasStudy Areas

Life Cycle AnalysisLife Cycle Analysis

•5 addresses selected •Distance traveled was calculated by Mapquest® distance calculator

•MSW from The Bronx and Queens go to a Bronx WTS •MSW from Staten Island, Manhattan, and Brooklyn go to a Brooklyn WTS•Transport to WTS is via city garbage truck•Transport to landfill is via 18-wheeler garbage truck•The Keystone Landfill, Dunmore, PA is the final disposal.

Assumptions:

ResultsResults

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180

Staten Island

Manhattan

Bronx

Brooklyn

Queens

Miles

Distance to WTE A Distance to WTE B Distance from Source to CWTS to Landfill

Results (cont...)Results (cont...)

•• Option #1: Implement One WTE Option #1: Implement One WTE -- Eliminate 6 Eliminate 6 WTSsWTSs

•• Option #2: Implement Two Option #2: Implement Two WTEsWTEs -- Eliminate 12 Eliminate 12 WTSsWTSs

–– Transport Savings = Transport Savings = 712 miles712 miles

•• Environmental Savings: Environmental Savings: 7,618 7,618 bhpbhp--hr hr NOxNOx, 427 , 427 bhpbhp--hr PMhr PM

•• Utilizing Utilizing MTSsMTSs along with along with WTEsWTEs::

–– 6,400 6,400 tpdtpd diverted to WTE facilitiesdiverted to WTE facilities

–– remaining 6,575 remaining 6,575 tpdtpd diverted to diverted to MTSsMTSs

–– If both the South Bronx and If both the South Bronx and GreenpointGreenpoint MTSsMTSs capacity = 3,300 capacity = 3,300 tpdtpd,,

•• All MSW All MSW WTSsWTSs could be eliminated!could be eliminated!

Assume each WTE capacity = 3,200 Assume each WTE capacity = 3,200 tpdtpd

WTE 1 & 2 = 6,400 WTE 1 & 2 = 6,400 tpdtpd

Using Aerial Images in Using Aerial Images in Conjunction with GISConjunction with GIS

•• Aerial Aerial OrthoimagesOrthoimages–– Produced from conventional aerial photographsProduced from conventional aerial photographs

–– Corrected sun angleCorrected sun angle

–– Referenced to exact coordinatesReferenced to exact coordinates

•• Courtesy of Courtesy of HyoHyo Jin Jin AhnAhn, Hunter College, Hunter College

•• Analyzed for distressed areas in NYCAnalyzed for distressed areas in NYC

•• Proposed locations compared to distressed Proposed locations compared to distressed areas in proposed regions areas in proposed regions

Brooklyn SiteBrooklyn Site

A Closer Look...A Closer Look...

Proposed Proposed Area to Area to

site WTE: site WTE:

14 acres14 acres

Site VisitSite Visit

Bronx Site OverviewBronx Site Overview

ÊÚ##

#

#

#

#

#

##

Approximately 16 acres

Site VisitSite Visit

Existing Existing WTEsWTEs

Hempstead WTEHempstead WTE

FACTS:FACTS:

•• Capacity:Capacity: 2,505 TPD2,505 TPD

•• Energy Output:Energy Output: 72 MW72 MW

•• OnOn--Site Ferrous Site Ferrous Recovered:Recovered: 28,000 TPY28,000 TPY

•• Land area occupied:Land area occupied: 9.88 9.88 acresacres

Adirondack WTEAdirondack WTE

FACTS:• Capacity: 510 TPD

• Energy Output: 14.5 MW

• On-Site Ferrous Recovered: 2,150 TPY

• Land area occupied:

4.63 acres0 100 200 Meters

N

EW

S

ConclusionsConclusions

•• GIS can be utilized as an unbiased method GIS can be utilized as an unbiased method of of sitingsiting WTE FacilitiesWTE Facilities–– Saves time and moneySaves time and money

•• Implementing Implementing WTE’sWTE’s in conjunction with in conjunction with MTSsMTSscan eliminate all MSW transfer stations in NYCcan eliminate all MSW transfer stations in NYC–– Environmental benefitsEnvironmental benefits–– Rejuvenates communityRejuvenates community