Uses of Plants Plant Science. Humans have 3 Basic Needs 1.Food 2.Clothing 3.Shelter 2 .

Uses of PlantsPlant Science

Humans have 3 Basic Needs

1.Food

2.Clothing

3.Shelter

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Plants and Plant Products Used for Basic Needs

1. Food: fruits, vegetables, grains

2. Clothing: cotton, linen, wool

3. Shelter: lumber and wood products


Direct vs. Indirect Plant Sources• direct plant sources: plants

and plant products used by humans

• indirect plant sources: humans use the animal and/or animal products that used plants or plant products


3 Broad Areas of Plant Science

1. Agronomy: concerns field crops and their soil environment

2. Horticulture: the science of crops grown for food, comfort, and/or beauty

3. Forestry: the science of tree production for varioius products


Agronomy

• cultivating field crops for food and fiber; includes:

– crop breeding and selection

– soil management

– pest control and management (weeds, insects, diseases, etc.)

– harvesting and marketing


Ornamental Horticulture

• growing and using plants for their beauty

• Floriculture: the production and use of plants for their flowers and foliage

• Landscape horticulture: the production and use of plants for outdoor environments


Food Crop Horticulture

• growing plants for food

• Olericulture: the study and science of producing vegetable crops

• Pomology: the science of fruit and nut production


Forestry

• the science of producing trees for various products including:

– lumber, paper, and other wood products

– specialty products such as syrup, rosin, and oil

• natural forests can be managed for production and tree farms cultivate trees much like row crops


Types of Crops Grain Crops

Fiber Crops

Fruit, Vegetable, and Nut Crops

Forage Crops

Ornamental and Turf Crops

Other Crops


Grain Crops

• plants grown for their edible seeds or for the oil contained in their seeds and/or fruit

• examples:– corn, sunflower, soybeans

– wheat, oats, barley, rice

– rye, sorghum, linseed

– canola, peanut, cotton


Fiber Crops

• plants grown for the fiber produced by their fruit, leaves, or stems

• examples:– cotton

– flax

– jute

– hemp


Fruit, Vegetable, and Nut Crops

• plant crops grown mainly for food

• a few examples:

– apples, cherries, citrus fruits (oranges, grapefruit), berries (blueberries, strawberries)

– tomatoes, onions, peppers

– pecans, walnuts


Forage Crops

• grasses and legumes grown for animal feed

• examples:

– bermudagrass

– alfalfa

– corn


Ornamental and Turf Crops• plants grown for beauty and

appearance

• includes:

– cut flowers

– shrubs

– ground cover grasses


Other Crops

• specialty crops including:

– herbs and spices

– beverage crops (coffee, tea, and cocoa)

– medicinal crops


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Uses of Plants Plant Science. Humans have 3 Basic Needs 1.Food 2.Clothing 3.Shelter 2 .

Documents

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