Useful Programs in C With Aim and Algorithm and Code

SAMPLE PROGRAMS:

1.AIM: To write a program to find the area and circumference of the circle.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the program.Step-2 Input the radius of the circle.Step-3 Find the area and circumference of the circle using the

formula Area=3.14*r*rCircumference=2*3.14*r

Step-4 Print the area and the circumference of the circleStep-5 Stop

PROGRAM:

/*TO FIND THE AREA AND CIRCUMFERENCE OF THE CIRCLE*/

#include<stdio.h>main(){

float rad,area,circum;printf(“\nEnter the radius of the circle”);scanf(“%f”,&rad);area=3.14*rad*rad;circum=2*3.14*rad;printf(“\nArea=%f”,area);printf(“\nCircumference=%f”,circum);

}

SAMPLE INPUT AND OUTPUT:

Enter the radius of the circle5Area=78.500000Circumference=31.400000

2. AIM: To write a program to insert an element in an array in the given position

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the size of the arrayStep-3 Enter the elements of the arrayStep-4 Print the elements of the arrayStep-5 Enter the element to be inserted and its position in the

arrayStep-6 Set a loop up to the position you enterStep-7 Push the order of the position by one, which are greater,

then the position you enteredStep-8 Insert the element in the position entered by youStep-9 Print the array after insertion of the elementStep-10 Stop

PROGRAM:

/*INSERTING AN ELEMENTS INTO THE VECTOR*/#include<stdio.h>main(){

int a[100],no,i,pos,item;printf(“\nEnter the size of the matrix”);scanf(“%d”,&no);printf(“\nEnter the elements of the matrix”);for(i=0;i<no;i++)

scanf(“%d”,&a[i]);printf(“\nEntered elements of the matrix is”);for(i=0;i<no;i++)

printf(“\n%d”,a[i]);printf(“\nEnter the element and its position in the array”);scanf(“%d\n%d”,&item,&pos);no++;for(i=no;i>=pos;i-)a[i]=a[i-1];a[-pos]=item;printf(“\n”);printf(“\nArray after the insertion”);for(i=0;i<no;i++)

printf(“\n%d”,a[i]);}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the size of the array 5Enter the elements of the array1 2 4 5 6Entered elements of the array1 2 4 5 6Enter the element and its position in the array3Array after the insertion1 2 3 4 5 6

3.AIM: To write a program to print the ascending and descending order of the

given array.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the size of the arrayStep-3 Enter the elements of the arrayStep-4 Set a loop up to the array size minus oneStep-5 Set a inner loop up to the size of the array

Step-6 Check whether the next array element is greater than or notStep-7 If greater than exchange their positionStep-8 If not greater than then go to the loopStep-9 After the execution of the inner loop the outer loop is

executed Step-10 Print the ascending order of the given arrayStep-11 Print the descending order of the given arrayStep-12 Stop

PROGRAM:

/*ASCENDING AND DESCENDING ORDER OF THE GIVEN NUMBERS*/#include<stdio.h>main(){

int num[100],no,i,j,a;printf(“Enter Upper Limit...”);scanf(“%d”,&no);printf(“Enter the numbers”);for(i=0;i<no;i++)

scanf(“%d”,&num[i]);for(i=0;i<no-1;i++){

for(j=i+1;j<no;j++){

if(num[i]<num[j]){a=num[i];num[i]=num[j];num[j]=a;

}}

}printf(“\nThe ascending order of the given numbers”);for(i=0;i<no;i++)

printf(“\n%d”,num[i]);printf(“\n The descending number of the given numbers”);for(j=no-1;j>=0;j-)

printf(“\n%d”,num[j]);}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter the number how many number you want to sort5Enter the numbers 10 30 50 60 20 The ascending order of the given numbers10 20 30 50 60The descending number of the given numbers60 50 30 20 10

4.AIM: To write a program to convert the binary number into decimal number

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the binary valueStep-3 Set a loopStep-4 Convert the binary number into decimal by using statement

given below Find the digitdecimal=decimal+(digit<<base);base=base+1;binary number=binarynumber/10;

Step-5 After the execution of the loop print the decimal valueequivalent to the entered binary number

Step-6 Stop

PROGRAM:

//CONVERT BINARY NUMBER INTO DECIMAL NUMBER#include<stdio.h>main(){

int bnum,digit,decimal=0,bin,base=0;printf(“\nEnter the binary number...”);scanf(“%d”,&bnum);printf(“%d”,bnum);bin=bnum;while(bnum!=0){

digit=bnum%10;decimal=decimal+(digit<<base);base=base+1;bnum=bnum/10;

}printf(“\nThe binary equivalent of %d in decimal=%d”,bin,decimal);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the binary number...100The binary equivalent of 100 in decimal=4

5.AIM: To write a program to find the cosine value of the given x

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the value of XStep-3 Convert X into radianStep-4 Set a loop Step-5 Find the value of cosine using the formula

temp=temp*pow((double)(-1),(double)(2*i-1))*x*x/(2*i*(2*i-1));sum=sum+temp;

Step-6 After the execution of the loop print the cosine valueStep-7 Stop

PROGRAM:

// TO FIND THE COSINE VALUE#include<stdio.h>#include<math.h>main(){

float x,a,sum,temp;int i,no=20,mul;printf(“\nEnter the value of x”);scanf(“%f”,&x);a=x;x=x*3.1412/180;temp=1;sum=1;for(i=1;i<no+1;i++){

temp=temp*pow((double)(-1),(double)(2*i-1))*x*x/(2*i*(2*i-1));sum=sum+temp;

}printf(“\nThe cosine value of %f is %f”,a,sum);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter the value of x 45The cosine value of 45.000000 is 0.707176

6.AIM: To write a Program to find the exponent of the given number

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the x value and n valueStep-3 Set a loop up to nStep-4 Find the exponent value of x

temp=temp*x/isum=sum+temp

Step-5 After the execution of the loop print the exponent value of xStep-6 Stop

PROGRAM:

//EXPONENTIAL SERIES#include<stdio.h>main(){

float x,temp=1,sum=1;int i,no;printf(“Enter the numbers”);scanf(“%f %d”,&x,&no);for(i=1;i<no;i++){

temp=temp*x/i;sum=sum+temp;

}printf(“Exponent of x is %f\n”,sum);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the numbers55Exponent of x is 65.375000

7.AIM: To write a program to find the factorial of the given number

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter a numberStep-3 Set a loop to find the factorial of the given number

using the formulaFact=Fact*I

Step-4 Print the factorial of the given numberStep-5 Stop

PROGRAM:

//TO FIND THE FACTORIAL OF THE GIVEN NUMBER #include<stdio.h> main() {

int fact=1,i,num;printf(“Enter the number”);scanf(“%d”,&num);

for(i=1;i<=num;i++) {

fact=fact*i; }

printf(“The factorial of %d is %d”,num,fact); }

SAMPLE INPUT AND OUTPUT:

Enter the number 5The factorial of 5 is 120

8.AIM: To write a program to convert the Celsius into Fahrenheit

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the program.Step-2 Enter the Celsius value.Step-3 Calculate the Fahrenheit value by using the formula given

below.

Fahreheit=(1.8*Celsius)+32Step-4 Print the Fahrenheit valueStep-5 Stop

PROGRAM:

//CONVERT THE CELCIUS INTO FAHRENTEIET#include<stdio.h>main(){

float cel,faren;printf(“Enter the Celsius value...”);scanf(“%f”,&cel);faren=(1.8*cel)+32;printf(“The fahrenteiet value of the given %f celsius value is

%f”,cel,faren);}

SAMPLE INPUT AND OUTPUT

Enter the Celsius value...45The fahrenteiet value of the given 45.000000 celsius value is 113.000000

9.AIM:To write a program to generate the fibbonaci series

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the numberStep-3 Check the number whether the number is zero or not. If zero

print Zero value. If not zero go further.Step-4 Set a loop up to the given number.Step-5 fib=fib+a;

a=b;b=c;

Step-6 Every increment in the loop prints the value of fib.Step-7 After the execution of the loop stops the program

PROGRAM:

//TO PRINT THE FIBBONACI SERIES UPTO GIVEN NUMBERS#include<stdio.h>main(){

int num,fib=0,a=0,b=1,i;printf(“Enter the number”);scanf(“%d”,&num);printf(“\n FIBBONACI SERIES\n”);if(num==0)

printf(“0”);else{

for(i=0;i<num;i++){

fib=fib+a;

a=b;b=fib;printf(“%d\t”,fib);

}}

}

SAMPLE INPUT AND OUTPUT

Enter the number 5FIBONACCI SERIES0 1 1 2 3

10.AIM:To write a program to store the data in a file and read the data from the

file.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Initialize the file pointerStep-3 Open the file in the write mode using file pointerStep-4 Enter the dataStep-5 Store the data in the file using the putc() statementStep-6 Close the file Step-7 Open the file in the read mode using the file pointerStep-8 Print the data in the file Step-9 End

PROGRAM:

//DATA FILE#include<stdio.h>main(){

FILE *fp;char c;fp=fopen(“Write”,”w”);printf(“Enter the text....”);while((c=getchar())!=EOF)

putc(c,fp);fclose(fp);printf(“The entered data is....”);fp=fopen(“Write”,”r”);while((c=getc(fp))!=EOF)

printf(“%c”,c);fclose(fp);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the text.... Welcome to ‘C’ language ^ZThe entered data is.... Welcome to ‘C’ language

11.AIM: Program to illustrate functions without arguments and no return values.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare the functionStep-3 Call the functionStep-4 Enter the StringStep-5 Print the stringStep-6 End the program in the calling function

PROGRAM:

//FUNCTIONS WITH OUT ARGUMENTS AND NO RETURN VALUES#include<stdio.h>main(){

void message(void);message();

}void message(){

char str[100];printf(“Enter a string........”);scanf(“%s”,str);printf(“WELCOME TO...%s”,str);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter a string LAKWELCOME TO LAK

12.AIM:To write a program to illustrate function with arguments and no return

value.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the two numbersStep-3 Call the function with arguments passing to the calling

functionStep-4 Add the two numbers in the calling functionStep-5 Print the addition of two valuesStep-6 End the program in the calling function

PROGRAM:

//FUNCTIONS WITH ARGUMENTS BUT NO RETURN VALUES#include<stdio.h>main(){

int a,b;printf(“Enter two numbers....”);scanf(“%d%d”,&a,&b);

add(a,b);}add(int a,int b){

int c;c=a+b;printf(“The addition of two numbers %d and %d is %d”,a,b,c);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter two numbers....10 20The addition of two numbers 10 and 20 is 30

13.AIM:Program to illustrate parameter passed to the function.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the size of the arrayStep-3 Enter the elements of the arrayStep-4 Print the array elementsStep-5 Call the function with base address of the array passed to itStep-6 In the calling function gets the base address in the pointer

variableStep-7 Add the array elementsStep-8 Return the value from the calling function to the variable in

the called functionStep-9 Print the sum in the called functionStep-10 End the program in the main function

PROGRAM:

//illustrate parameter passed to the function#include<stdio.h>main(){

int a[10],i,no,sum=0;printf(“Enter the size of array...”);scanf(“%d”,&no);printf(“Enter the elements of the array...”);for(i=0;i<no;i++)

scanf(“%d”,&a[i]);for(i=0;i<no;i++)

printf(“\n%d”,a[i]);sum=add(&a[0],no);printf(“\nThe sum of %d numbers is...%d”,no,sum);

}add(int *pt,int n){

int i,a=0;for(i=0;i<n;i++){

a=a+*pt;pt++;

}return(a);}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the size of array... 5Enter the elements of the array ...1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5The sum of 5 numbers is... 15

14.AIM: To write a program to illustrate a function with arguments with return

values.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the two numbersStep-3 Call the function with two arguments passed to itStep-4 Add the two numbers in the calling functionStep-5 Return the addition value to the called function from the

calling functionStep-6 Print the addition value in the main functionStep-7 End

PROGRAM:

//FUNCTION WITH ARGUMENTS AND RETURN VALUES#include<stdio.h>main(){

int a,b,c;printf(“Enter the two numbers...”);scanf(“%d %d”,&a,&b);c=add(a,b);printf(“The addition of two numbers %d and %d is %d”,a,b,c);

}add(int x,int y){

int z;z=x+y;return(z);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the two numbers... 5 6The addition of two numbers 5 and 6 is 11

15.AIM: To write a program to find the largest and smallest of the given array.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the size of arrayStep-3 Enter the elements of the arrayStep-4 Print the array elementsStep-5 Initialize the large and small is equal to the first element

of the array Step-6 Set a loop up to the array sizeStep-7 Check the next element greater then the larger.

If greater then as sign next element to the largeStep-8 Check the next element smaller then the larger. If smaller

then assign next element to the smallStep-9 Print the value of large and small after the execution of the

loopStep-10 Stop

PROGRAM:

//FIND THE LARGEST AND SMALLEST OF THE GIVEN ARRAY#include<stdio.h>main(){

int a[100],i,small,large,no;printf(“In how many numbers you want to find....”);scanf(“%d”,&no);printf(“Enter the elements of the array....”);for(i=0;i<no;i++)

scanf(“%d”,&a[i]);printf(“\nThe elements of the array “);for(i=0;i<no;i++)

printf(“\n%d”,a[i]);small=a[0];large=a[0];for(i=1;i<no;i++){

if(a[i]>large)large=a[i];

else if(a[i]<small)small=a[i];

}printf(“\nThe largest of the given array is %d”,large);printf(“\nThe smallest of the given array is %d”,small);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

In how many numbers you want to find....5Enter the elements of the array....12 34 56 87 43The elements of the array12 34 56 87 43The largest of the given array is 87The smallest of the given array is 12

16.AIM:To write a program to give the addition of two matrixes.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the row and column of the matrixStep-3 Enter the elements of the A matrixStep-4 Enter the elements of the B matrixStep-5 Print the A matrix in the matrix formStep-6 Print the B matrix in the matrix formStep-7 Set a loop up to the rowStep-8 Set a inner loop up to the columnStep-9 Add the elements of A and B in column wise and store the

result in C matrixStep-10 After the execution of the two loops. Print the value of C

matrixStep-11 Stop

PROGRAM:

// FIND THE ADDITION OF TWO MATRIXES#include<stdio.h>main(){

int a[25][25],b[25][25],c[25][25],i,j,m,n;printf(“Enter the rows and column of two matrixes...\n”);scanf(“%d %d”,&m,&n);printf(“\nEnter the elements of A matrix...”);for(i=0;i<m;i++){

for(j=0;j<n;j++)scanf(“%d”,&a[i][j]);

}printf(“\nEnter the elements of B matrix...”);for(i=0;i<m;i++){

for(j=0;j<n;j++)scanf(“%d”,&b[i][j]);

}printf(“\nThe elements of A matrix”);for(i=0;i<m;i++){

printf(“\n”);for(j=0;j<n;j++)

printf(“\t%d”,a[i][j]);}printf(“\nThe elements of B matrix”);for(i=0;i<m;i++){

printf(“\n”);for(j=0;j<n;j++)

printf(“\t%d”,b[i][j]);}printf(“\nThe addition of two matrixes”);for(i=0;i<m;i++){

printf(“\n”);for(j=0;j<n;j++)

{c[i][j]=a[i][j]+b[i][j];printf(“\t%d”,c[i][j]);

}}}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the rows and column of two matrixes... 3 3Enter the elements of A matrix... 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Enter the elements of B matrix... 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 The elements of A matrix

1 2 3 4 5 67 8 9

The elements of B matrix1 2 34 5 67 8 9

The addition of two matrixes2 4 68 10 1214 16 18

17.AIM: To write a program to multiply two matrixes.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the row and column of the A matrixStep-3 Enter the row and column of the B matrixStep-4 Enter the elements of the A matrixStep-5 Enter the elements of the B matrixStep-6 Print the elements of the A matrix in matrix formStep-7 Print the elements of the B matrix in matrix formStep-8 Set a loop up to rowStep-9 Set a inner loop up to columnStep-10 Set another inner loop up to columnStep-11 Multiply the A and B matrix and store the element in the C

matrixStep-12 Print the resultant matrixStep-13 Stop

PROGRAM:

// MULTPLICATION OF TWO MATRIX#include<stdio.h>main(){

int a[25][25],b[25][25],c[25][25],i,j,k,r,s;int m,n;printf(“\nEnter the Rows and Columns of A matrix...”);scanf(“%d %d”,&m,&n);printf(“\nEnter the Rows and Columns of B matrix...”);

scanf(“%d %d”,&r,&s);if(m!=r)

printf(“\nThe matrix cannot multiplied”);else{

printf(“\nEnter the elements of A matrix”);for(i=0;i<m;i++){

for(j=0;j<n;j++)scanf(“\t%d”,&a[i][j]);

}printf(“\nEnter the elements of B matrix”);for(i=0;i<m;i++){

for(j=0;j<n;j++)scanf(“\t%d”,&b[i][j]);

}printf(“\nThe elements of A matrix”);for(i=0;i<m;i++){

printf(“\n”);for(j=0;j<n;j++)printf(“\t%d”,a[i][j]);

}printf(“\n The elements of B matrix”);for(i=0;i<m;i++){

printf(“\n”);for(j=0;j<n;j++)printf(“\t%d”,b[i][j]);

}for(i=0;i<m;i++){

printf(“\n”);for(j=0;j<n;j++){

c[i][j]=0;for(k=0;k<m;k++)c[i][j]=c[i][j]+a[i][k]*b[k][j];

}}

}printf(“The multiplication of two matrixes”);for(i=0;i<m;i++){

printf(“\n”);for(j=0;j<n;j++)printf(“\t%d”,c[i][j]);

}}

SAMPLE INPUT AND OUTPUT

Enter the Rows and Columns of A matrix... 3 3Enter the Rows and Columns of B matrix... 3 3Enter the elements of A matrix 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Enter the elements of B matrix 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

The elements of A matrix1 2 34 5 67 8 9

The elements of B matrix1 2 34 5 67 8 9

The multiplication of two matrixes30 36 4266 81 96102 126 150

18.AIM: To find sum of Digits, Reverse and the given Number is Palindrome or not.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the numberStep-3 Set a loop upto the number is not equal to zeroStep-4 Find the digit of the numberStep-5 Find the sum of digitStep-6 Find the reverse numberStep-7 After the end of the loop print the sum and reverse number of

the digitStep-8 Find whether the reverse number is equal to the given

number or not. If equal the number is palindromeStep-9 If not equal the given number is not palindromeStep-10 Stop

PROGRAM:

/* PROGRAM TO FIND THE SUM AND REVERSE OF THE GIVEN NUMBER*/#include<stdio.h>main(){

unsigned long int a,num,sum=0,rnum=0,rem;printf(“\nEnter the number...”);scanf(“%ld”,&num);a=num;while(num!=0){

rem=num%10;sum=sum+rem;rnum=rnum*10+rem;num=num/10;

}printf(“\nThe sum of the digits of %ld is %ld\n”,a,sum);printf(“\nThe reverse number of the %ld is %ld”,a,rnum);if(a==rnum)

printf(“\nThe given number is a palindrome”);else

printf(“\nThe given number is not a palindrome”);}

Sample output:

Enter the number...12321The sum of the digits of 12321 is 9The reverse number of the 12321 is 12321The given number is a palindrom

19.AIM: To write a program to find the roots of the quadratic equation.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the value of a, b, cStep-3 Find the value of d by using the formula D=b*b-4*a*cStep-4 If D is greater then or equal to zero then find the two roots

as root1=(-b+sqrt(d))/(2*a);root2=(-b-sqrt(d))/(2*a);Print the two roots

Step-5 If the D is not greater then or equal to zero then print the statement the roots are imaginary.

Step-6 Stop

PROGRAM:

// To find the roots of the quadratic equation#include<stdio.h>#include<math.h>main(){

int a,b,c,d;float root1,root2;printf(“Enter the values of a,b,c\n”);scanf(“%d %d %d”,&a,&b,&c);d=b*b-4*a*c;if(d>=0){

root1=(-b+sqrt(d))/(2*a);root2=(+b+sqrt(d))/(2*a);printf(“The roots of the values a=%d,b=%d,c=%d

are\n %f %f”,a,b,c,root1, root2);}else

printf(“The roots are imagenary”);}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the values of a,b,c 1 0 -9The roots of the values a=1,b=0,c=-9 are 3.000000 3.000000

20.AIM: To write a program to find the factorial of the given number using

recursion

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the numberStep-3 Call the recursive function passing the number to the

recursive function as an argument.Step-4 If the entered number is equal to one then return one to main

function.Step-5 If the number is less greater then one then call recursiveStep-6 Print the factorial value of the number.Step-7 Stop

PROGRAM:

#include<stdio.h>main(){

int num,a;printf(“Enter the number”);scanf(“%d”,&num);a=recur(num);printf(“The factorial of the number %d is %d”,num,a);

}recur(int no){

int fact=1;if(no==1)

return(1);else

fact=no*recur(no-1);}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the number 5The factorial of the number 5 is 120

21.AIM: To write a program to find whether the string is palindrome or not.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the stringStep-3 Find the string length using the strlen() functionStep-4 Print the string lengthStep-5 Set a loop up to the half of the string lengthStep-6 Compare every character above the middle character with the

below character of the middle characterStep-7 If any character equal prints the given string is palindromeStep-8 If the character is not equal then print the given string is

not a palindromeStep-9 Stop

PROGRAM:

//TO FIND WHETHER THE GIVEN STRING IS PALINDROME OR NOT#include<stdio.h>#include<stdlib.h>main(){

int len=0,i,j;char name[25];printf(“Enter the string...”);scanf(“%s”,name);while(name[len]!=’\0')

len++;printf(“\n%d”,len);for(i=0,j=len-1;i<len/2;i++,j-){

if(name[i]!=name[j]){

printf(“\nThe given string is not a palindrom”);exit(0);

}}

22. AIM:To find the number of vowels and number of consonants in a given string.

PROGRAM:

//TO FIND THE NUMBER VOWLES AND NUMBER OF CONSONANTS IN A GIVEN STRING#include<stdio.h>main(){

int v=0,c=0,i=0;char str[25];printf(“Enter the string...”);scanf(“%s”,str);while(str[i]!=’\0'){

switch(str[i]){

case ‘a’:case ‘A’:case ‘E’:case ‘I’:case ‘O’:case ‘U’:case ‘e’:case ‘i’:case ‘o’:case ‘u’:v++;break;

default:c++;

}i++;

}printf(“\nThe number of vowels is %d”,v);printf(“\nThe number of consonants is %d”,c);getch();}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the string RAJAThe number of vowels is 2The number of consonants is 2

23.AIM: To write the program to transpose the given matrix.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the row and column of the matrixStep-3 Enter the elements of the matrixStep-4 Print the elements of the matrix in the matrix formatStep-5 Set the loop up to rowStep-6 Set the inner loop up to columnStep-7 Print the matrix elements in the row wise Step-8 Stop

PROGRAM:

//TRANSPOSE OF GIVEN MATRIX#include<stdio.h>main(){

int i,j,a[25][25],row,col;printf(“\nEnter the number of rows and column of matrix”);scanf(“%d%d”,&row,&col);printf(“\nEnter the elements of the matrix”);for(i=0;i<row;i++)for(j=0;j<col;j++)

scanf(“%d”,&a[i][j]);printf(“The given matrix”);for(i=0;i<row;i++){

printf(“\n”);for(j=0;j<col;j++)printf(“\t%d”,a[i][j]);

}printf(“\nThe transpose of the given matrix”);for(i=0;i<row;i++){

printf(“\n”);for(j=0;j<col;j++)printf(“\t%d”,a[j][i]);

}}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the number of rows and column of matrix 3 3Enter the elements of the matrix 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9The given matrix1 2 34 5 67 8 9The transpose of the given matrix1 4 72 5 83 6 9

24.AIM: To write a program to find the sine value for the entered value.

ALGORITHM

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the values x and nStep-3 Convert the value x into radiansStep-4 Set a loop up to nStep-5 Find the value of the sine by using the formulaStep-6 Print the value of sine x after the execution of the loopStep-7 stop

PROGRAM:

// SINE SERIES#include<stdio.h>#include<math.h>main(){

int no,i;float x,a,sum,b;printf(“Enter the numbers”);scanf(“%f %d”,&x,&no);b=x;x=x*3.141/180;a=x;sum=x;for(i=1;i<no+1;i++){a=(a*pow((double)(-1),(double)(2*i-1))*x*x)/(2*i*(2*i+1));sum=sum+a;}printf(“Sin(%f) value is %f”,b,sum);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the numbers 30 100Sin(30.000000) value is 0.499914

25.AIM:

To write a program to print the student name, roll no, average mark and their grades.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Initialize the structure variable Step-3 Enter the number of studentStep-4 Set a loop up to the number of studentStep-5 Enter the student name, roll no, average marksStep-6 Find their gradesStep-7 Print the student name, roll no, average and their gradeStep-9 Stop

PROGRAM:

//STUDENT RECORD USING POINTER AND STRUCT#include<stdio.h>main(){

struct student{

char name[25];char regno[25];int avg;char grade;

} stud[50],*pt;int i,no;printf(“Enter the number of the students...”);scanf(“%d”,&no);for(i=0;i<no;i++){

printf(“\n student[%d] information:\n”,i+1);printf(“Enter the name”);scanf(“%s”,stud[i].name);printf(“\nEnter the roll no of the student”);scanf(“%s”,stud[i].regno);printf(“\nEnter the average value of the student”);scanf(“%d”,&stud[i].avg);}pt=stud;for(pt=stud;pt<stud+no;pt++){

if(pt->avg<30)pt->grade=’D’;

else if(pt->avg<50)pt->grade=’C’;

else if(pt->avg<70)pt->grade=’B’;

elsept->grade=’A’;

}printf(“\n”);printf(“NAME REGISTER-NO AVERAGE GRADE\n”);for(pt=stud;pt<stud+no;pt++){

printf(“%-20s%-10s”,pt->name,pt->regno);

printf(“%10d \t %c\n”,pt->avg,pt->grade);}

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the number of the students 3student[1] information:Enter the name MUNIEnter the roll no of the student 100Enter the average value of the student 95student[2] information:Enter the name LAKEnter the roll no of the student 200Enter the average value of the student 55student[3] information:Enter the name RAJAEnter the roll no of the student 300Enter the average value of the student 25NAME REGISTER-NO AVERAGE GRADE MUNI 100 95 ALKA 200 55 BRAJA 300 25 D

26.AIM: To write a program to swap two number without using pointer

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the two numbersStep-3 Call the display functionStep-4 Pass the address of the two numbers to the calling functionStep-5 Get the address in the calling function in the pointerStep-6 Swap the number using temporary variableStep-7 Print the swamped values in the main functionStep-8 Stop

PROGRAM:

// SWAP THE NUMBER USING THE POINTER#include<stdio.h>main(){

int x,y;printf(“\nEnter the two numbers”);scanf(“ %d %d”,&x,&y);printf(“\nThe entered number for x and y are,x=%d\ty=%d”,x,y);display(&x,&y);printf(“\nAfter the swapping the value of,x=%d\ty=%d”,x,y);

}display(int *a,int *b){

int t;t=*a;

*a=*b;*b=t;

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the two numbers...10 20The entered number for x and y are, x=10 y=20After the swapping the value of, x=20 y=10

27.AIM: To write a program to find the string length and concatenation of string.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the string Step-3 Find the string length using the function strlen()Step-4 Print the string length of the entered stringStep-5 concatenation the two string using the function strcat()Step-6 Print the concatenated stringStep-7 Stop

PROGRAM:

// TO FIND THE STRING LENGTH OF THE STRING#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>main(){

char str1[50],str2[]=” WELCOME”;int len;printf(“Enter the string...”);scanf(“%s”,str1);printf(“\nThe string length of %s is %d”,str1,strlen(str1));printf(“\nTheconcatenation string length is %d and its string is

%s”,strlen(str1),strcat(str1,str2));}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the string... LAKThe string length of lak is 3The concatenation string length is 16 and its string is LAK WELCOME W

28.AIM: To write a program to print the pascal triangle

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the number of linesStep-3 Construct a loop up to the given numberStep-4 Construct another inner loopStep-5 Pirnt the numberStep-6 After the execution of the loop

Step-7 Stop

PROGRAM:

//CONSTRUCT PASCAL TRIANGLE#include<stdio.h>main(){

int noline,i,j,temp;printf(“Enter the number of lines to print”);scanf(“%d”,&noline);for(i=1;i<=noline;i++){

for(j=1;j<=noline-i;j++) printf(“ “);

temp=i; for(j=1;j<=i;j++)

printf(“%4d”,temp++); temp=temp-2; for(j=1;j<i;j++)

printf(“%4d”,temp-);printf(“\n\n”);

} printf(“\n”); }

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the number of lines to print 51

2 3 2 3 4 5 4 34 5 6 7 6 5 4

5 6 7 8 9 8 7 6 5

29.AIM: To write a program to find whether the number is prime Or not.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the numberStep-3 set a loop up to number-1Step-4 Check the number is divide by any number other than one and

the number itselfStep-5 If divide absolutely than print the number is not a primeStep-6 If not divide other then one and itself then print the number

is prime.Step-7 Stop

PROGRAM:

//FIND THE GIVEN NUMBER IS PRIME OR NOT#include <stdio.h>main(){

int num,i=2;printf(“Enter the number...”);scanf(“%d”,&num);while(i<=num-1){

if(num%i==0){

printf(“The given number is not a prime number”);break;

}i++;

}if(i==num)

printf(“The given number is a prime”);}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the number...5The given number is a prime

30.AIM: To write a program to find the reverse of the string.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the string lengthStep-3 Print the string lengthStep-4 Enter the string character by characterStep-5 Pass the length of the string to the recursive functionStep-6 If the sting length is 1 then print the characterStep-7 If the string length is greater than one then reduces the

string length by one and call the recursive function.Step-8 Stop

PROGRAM:

//REVERSE THE STRING USING THE RECURSION#include<stdio.h>main(){

int len;void rev();printf(“Enter the string length”);scanf(“%d”,&len);printf(“\n%d”,len);printf(“\n”);rev(len);printf(“\n”);

}void rev(len)int len;{

char c;if(len==1)

{c=getchar();c=getchar();putchar(c);

}else{

c=getchar();c=getchar();rev(-len);putchar(c);

}return;}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the string length 44A M A RR A M A

31.AIM: To write a program to find the size of the data types.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Initialize the data typesStep-3 Print the size of the data types using the statement sizeof()Step-4 Stop

PROGRAM:

//TO FIND THE SIZE OF DATAS#include<stdio.h>main(){

int i=10;float f=25.005;char name[]=”welcome”;printf(“\n The size of integer is %d”,sizeof(i));printf(“\n The size of float is %d”,sizeof(f));printf(“\n The size of character is %d”,sizeof(name));

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

The size of integer is...2The size of float is... 4The size of character is...8

32.AIM: To find the sum and average of the given array

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the size of the arrayStep-3 Enter the elements of the arrayStep-4 Set a loop up to the size of the arrayStep-5 Find the sum of the arrayStep-6 After the execution of the loop. Print the sum and average of

the arrayStep-7 Stop

PROGRAM:

//FIND THE SUM AND AVERAGE OF THE GIVEN NUMBERS#include<stdio.h>main(){

int a[100],i,no,sum=0;float avg=0;printf(“\nEnter the number of elements”);scanf(“%d”,&no);printf(“Enter the numbers”);for(i=0;i<no;i++){

scanf(“%d”,&a[i]);sum=sum+a[i];

}avg=(float)sum/no;printf(“sum=%d\naverage=%f”,sum,avg);

}

Sample Output:

Enter the number of elements5Enter the numbers 1 2 3 4 5sum=15average=3.000000

33.AIM: To write a program to convert the string into upper case

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the stringStep-3 Set a loop up to the null characterStep-4 Print the character of the string in the upper case using

toupper() functionStep-5 After the execution of the loop end the program

PROGRAM:

//CONVERT THE LOWER CASE TO UPPER CASE LETTER

#include<stdio.h>main(){

int i=0;char str[100];printf(“Enter the string”);scanf(“%s”,str);while(str[i]!=’\0'){

printf(“%c”,toupper(str[i]));i++;

}}

Sample Ouput

Enter the string GuRuGURU

34.AIM:To write a program to find the largest of the three numbers.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the three numbersStep-3 Assign large to first numberstep-4 Check the next number is greater then the large.

If greater then assign large to next numberStep-5 Compare the next number with largeStep-6 Do the step-4Step-7 Print the larger value of the three numberStep-8 Stop

PROGRAM:

//TO FIND THE LARGEST OF THE THREE NUMBERS#include<stdio.h>main(){

int a,b,c,big;printf(“Enter the three numbers”);scanf(“%d %d %d”,&a,&b,&c);big=a;if(big<b)

big=b;else if (big<c)

big=c;printf(“The biggest of three number is %d”,big);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the three numbers 93 43 23The biggest of three number is 93

35.AIM: To write a program to find the standard deviation of the given array.

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the array sizeStep-3 Enter the elements of the arrayStep-4 Print the Entered elements Step-5 Call the function to calculate standard deviationStep-6 Call the average function from the standard deviation function

PROGRAM:

//COMPUTE STANDARD DEVIATION USING FUNCTION#include<stdio.h>#include<math.h>main(){

int i,num;float dev,list[100];float standev();printf(“\nEnter the size of the list”);scanf(“%d”,&num);printf(“\nEnter the elements of the list”);for(i=0;i<num;i++)

scanf(“%f”,&list[i]);printf(“\nEntered elements are”);for(i=0;i<num;i++)

printf(“\n%f”,list[i]);dev=standev(list,num);printf(“\n Standard Deviatiion of the list is %10.5f\n”,dev);

}float standev(float lis[100],int no){

int i;float mean,dev,sum=0.0;float avg();mean=avg(lis,no);printf(“\n Mean of %3d elements is%10.2f\n”,no,mean);for(i=0;i<no;i++)

sum=sum+(mean-lis[i])*(mean-lis[i]);dev=sqrt(sum/(float)no);return(dev);

}float avg(float l[100],int n){

int i;float sum=0.0;for(i=0;i<n;i++)sum=sum+l[i];return(sum/(float)n);

}

Sample Output

Enter the size of the list 5 Enter the elements of the list 1 2 3 4 5Entered elements are1.0000002.0000003.0000004.0000005.000000Mean of 5 elements is 3.00Standard Deviatiion of the list is 1.41421

36.AIM: To write a menu driven program to find

1. Factorial of the given number2. Prime number or not3. Even number or Odd number4. Exit

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Enter the numberStep-3 Enter your choice using switch statementStep-4 If you choose the choice 1. Find the factorialStep-5 set a loop up to the entered numberStep-6 Calculate factorial fact=fact*IStep-7 Print the factorial valueStep-8 If you choose the choice 2.Find whether the number is prime or

notStep-9 set a loop up to number-1Step-10 Check the number is divide by any number other than one

and the number itselfStep-11 If divide absolutely then print the number is not a primeStep-12 If not divide other than one and itself then print the number

is primeStep-13 If you choose the choice 3. Find whether the number is odd or

evenStep-14 If the number is divide by 2 then print the number is evenStep-15 If the number is not dividing by 2 then print the number is

oddStep-16 If you choose the choice 4.Exit the programStep-17 Continue the program

PROGRAM:

// MENU DRIVEN PROGRAM#include<stdio.h>main(){

int num,o,fact=1,i;while(1){

printf(“\nEnter the number “);scanf(“%d”,&num);

printf(“\nchoose one of the options given below”);printf(“\n1.Factorial of the given number\n2.Prime number or

not\n3.Odd or Even \n4.Exit”);scanf(“%d”,&o);switch(o){

case 1:for(i=1;i<=num;i++)

fact=fact*i; printf(“The factorial of %d is %d”,num,fact); break;case 3:

if(num%2==0) printf(“The given number is Even number”);else printf(“The given number is Odd number”);break;

case 2:i=2;while(i<=num-1){

if(num%i==0){printf(“The given number is not a prime number”);break;

}i++;}if(i==num)

printf(“The given number is a prime”);break;

default:exit(0);}

}}

SAMPLE OUTPUT:

Enter the number .. 5Choose one of the options given below1. Factorial of the given number2. Prime number or not3. Odd or Even4. Exit1The factorial of 5 is 120Enter the number..5Choose one of the options given below1.Factorial of the given number2.Prime number or not3.Odd or Even4.Exit2The given number is a primeEnter the number...5Choose one of the options given below

1.Factorial of the given number2.Prime number or not3.Odd or Even4.Exit4

37. AIM : To print Magic Suare numbers.

Algorithm

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare x, y and z variables as ‘int’ data type.Step-3 for i=1 to less than 10, x = x+ 1Step-3.1 for y:=z to less than or equal to 10, y =y+zStep-3.1.1 for z = 10 to less than or equal to 100, z=z+10

print the “Magic Square”print “x-z, x+z-y, x+y”print “x+y+z, x, x-y-z”print “x-y, x+y-z, x+z”

Step-4 Stop the program PROGRAM

#include <stdio.h>#include<string.h>main ( ){

int x, y, z;for (x=0; x<=1; x+=2)for (y=0; y<=1; y+=2)for (z=9; z<=10; z+=10){printf ("\n\n Magic Square %d\n\n", 3+x);printf ("%d\t%d\t%d\n",x-z,x+z-y,x+y);printf ("%d\t%d\t%d\n",x+y+z,x,x-y-z);printf ("%d\t%d\t%d\n",x-y,x+y-z,x+z);getch();}

}

Sample output

Magic Square-9 9 313 1 -11-1 -7 11

38.AIM: Program to print Triangle of Numbers.

ALGORITHM

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare the variables i, j, k, l and n as “int” data type

Step-3 Read N numbers of lines in a triangleStep-4 Initialize l=1Step-5 for i=1, j=n-i to less than or equal to nStep-5.1 for k=1 to less than or equal to j print " "Step-5.1.1 for k=1 to less than or equal to ‘1’ print "i"Step-5.2 l is incremented by 2Step-6 Stop the program.

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>main( ){

int i, j, k, l, n;printf("Type N-no of lines in triangle \n") ;scanf("%d",&n);l=1;for (i=1, j=n-i; i<=n; i++, j--){

for (k=1; k<=j; k++) printf(" ");

for (k=1; k<=l; k++) printf(" %d", i);printf("\n") ;l+=2;

}}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Type N-no of lines in triangle 3 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3

39.AIM: Program to find whether a year is Leap year.

ALGORITHM

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare year as int datatypeStep-3 Read the yearStep-4 Check if (ye&100) = 0Step-4.1 ye=/100;Step-5 Check if (ye%4) = 0Step-5.1 Print “It is a leap year”Step-6 elseStep-6.1 print “It is not a leap year”

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>main()

{int ye;printf ("Enter the year \n");scanf("%d", &ye);if (ye%4==0) printf("It is a Leap Year \n");else printf("It is Not a Leap Year\n");

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter the year 2000It is a Leap Year

40. AIM: Program to print the following Triangle.5

4 53 4 52 3 4 51 2 3 4 5

ALGORITHM

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare i, j and n as “int” data typeStep-3 Read the number of linesStep-4 for i=n to greater than or equal to ‘0’Step-4.1 for j=i to less than n print “y”Step-5 Stop the program

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>main(){

int i, j, n;printf("Enter number of lines\n");scanf("%d", &n);printf("\n\n\n");for (i=1;i<=n;i++){ for (j=1;j<=i;j++)

printf("%-2d",j); printf("\n\n");}

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter number of lines 511 21 2 31 2 3 4

1 2 3 4 5

41.AIM: Write a program to read ‘n’ numbers and find the maximum and the minimum.

ALGORITHM

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare array table[50], i, cnt, max and min as “int”

data typeStep-3 Enter the number of elements in the arrayStep-4 Enter the elements into the arrayStep-5 for i=1 to less than or equal to ‘cnt’Step-5.1 Read the values from the console.Step-6 Initialize max = min = table [1]Step-7 for i=2 to less than or equal to ‘cnt’Step-7.1 check if (max < table [i])Step-7.1.1 max = table [i]Step-7.2.1 min = table[i]Step-8 print maximum value and minimum valueStep-9 Stop the program

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>main (){

int table[50], i, cnt, max, min;clrscr();printf ("Enter number of elements in the array\n");scanf("%d", &cnt);printf("Enter the elements\n");for (i=1; i<=cnt; i++)

scanf("%d", &table[i]);max = min = table[1];

for (i=2; i<=cnt; i++){

if (max<table[i]) max = table [i];else if (min>table[i]) min = table[i];

}printf ("Maximum value = %d\n",max);printf ("Minimum value = %d",min);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter number of elements in the array 5Enter the elements 1 4 2 3 5Maximum value = 5Minimum value = 1

42.AIM: Program to find the determine of 2 × 2 matrix.

ALGORITHM

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare a two-dimensional array a[2][2],d, i and j as

“int” data type.Step-3 Enter any 2×2 matrixStep-4 for i=0 to less than 2Step-4.1 for j=0 to less than 2Step-4.1.1 Read a[i][j]Step-5 Initialize d = a[0][0] * a[1][1] - a[0][1] * a[1][0]:Step-6 print “Determinant of matrix”Step-7 for i=0 to less than 2Step-7.1.1 print a[i][j]Step-8 print “The Determinant value is”Step-8.1 print “d”.Step-9 Stop the program

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>main(){

int a[2][2], d, i, j;printf ("Enter any 2x2 matrix\n");for (i=0;i<2;i++)for (j=0;j<2;j++) scanf ("%d", &a[i][j]);d=a[0][0] * a[1][1] - a[0][1] * a[1][0];printf ("--------------------------\n");printf(" Matrix \n") ;printf ("--------------------------\n");for (i=0;i<2;i++){ for (j=0;j<2;j++) printf("%-4d", a[i][j]); printf("\n");}printf ("--------------------------\n");printf ("\n The Determinant value is %-4d\n",d);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter any 2x2 matrix 1 2 3 4----------------Matrix----------------1 23 4----------------The Determinant value is -2

43. AIM: Program to check whether a matrix is an upper triangular.

ALGORITHM

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare a two dimensional array a[10][10], i, j, m, n

and flag=1 as ‘int’ data type.Step-3 Enter the order of matrixStep-4 Enter the matrix rowwiseStep-5 for i=0 to less than or equal to ‘m’Step-5.1 for j=0 to less than or equal to ‘n’Step-5.1.1 Read a [i][j]Step-6 for i=0 to less than or equal to ‘m’Step-6.1 for j=0 to less than or equal to ‘n’Step-6.1.1 check if (a[i][j]!=0)

Print “The given matrix is not an upper triangular”Step-6.1.2 Initialize flag=0Step-7 Check if (flag)Step-7.1 print “The given matrix is an upper triangular”Step-8 Stop the program.

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>main(){

int i,j,a[10][10],m,n,flag=1;printf("Enter the order of the matrix (m,n).....");scanf("%d%d", &m, &n);printf("\nEnter the matrix row wise.....");for (i=0; i<m; i++) for (j=0; j<n; j++) scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);for (i=0; i<m; i++) for (j=0; j<n; j++) { if (a[i][j]!= 0) printf("\n\n The given matrix is not an upper triangular"); flag = 0; break; }if (flag)printf("\n\n The given matrix is an upper triangular");

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter the order of the matrix (m,n).....3 3Enter the matrix row wise.....1 2 34 5 67 8 9The given matrix is not an upper triangular

44. AIM: Program to demonistrate Macros with arguments.

ALGORITHM

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Define square(x) as ((x)*(x))Step-3 Define for-loop loop (index, max) as

for (index=0; index<max; index+i)Step-4 Define maximum of two max(x,y) as ((x) (y)) ? (x):(y))Step-5 Declare two arrays vec[10], sq[10], a, b, i, n and large

as “int” data typeStep-6 print “Program to compute”

print “1. Largest element in the Array”print “2. Square of each array element”

Step-7 Read “Size of the Array”Step-8 Enter elements of the ArrayStep-9 Macro calling loop (i, n)Step-9.1 Read the elements and stored in the array vec(i)Step-10 To display array elements by calling macro loop (i, n)Step-10.1 print the “vec(i)”Step-11 Initialize large=0Step-12 Call macro loop (i, n)Step-12.1 Compute Sq[i]=Square (vec[i])

Large=max (large, vec(i))Step-13 print “Largest array element”Step-14 print Element and its SquareStep-15 Stop the program.

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>#define square(x) ((x)*(x))#define loop(index, max) for(index=0; index < max; index++)#define max(x, y) (((x)>(y))? (x):(y))

main(){

int a, b, i=0, n, large, vec[10], sq[10];printf("Program to compute : \n");printf("1. largest element in the array.\n");printf("2. square of each array element.\n\n");printf("Enter Size of the array..... ");scanf("%d", &n);printf("\nEnter %d elements of the array\n", n);loop(i,n) scanf ("%d", &vec[i]);loop(i, n) printf("%5d", vec[i]);large =0;loop(i,n){ sq[i] = square(vec[i]); large = max(large, vec[i]);}

printf("\n\nLargest array element is : %5d", large);printf("\nElement Square \n");printf ("----------------- \n");loop(i,n) printf("%5d %8d\n", vec[i], sq[i]);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Program to compute :1. largest element in the array.2. square of each array element.Enter Size of the array..... 5Enter 5 elements of the array 1 2 3 4 5 1 2 3 4 5Largest array element is : 5Element Square-------------------------1 12 43 94 165 25

45. AIM: Program to delete duplicates in a Vector

ALGORITHM

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare the variables i, j, k, n, num and flag=0

and declare array a(50) as ‘Float’ data type.Step-3 Enter the size of vectorStep-4 Initialize num=nStep-5 Enter vector elements

Step-5.1 for i=0 to less than ‘n’ Read a[i]Step-6 Print vector elementsStep-6.1 for i=0 to less than ‘n’ print a[i]Step-7 Removing duplicatesStep-7.1 for i=0 to less than ‘n-1’Step-7.1.1 for j = i+1 to less than ‘n’Step-7.1.1 Check if (a[i]=a[j]) n=n-1Step-7.1.1 flag = 1Step-7.1.1 j = j-1Step-8 Check if (flag==0)

Print “No duplicates found in vector”Step-9 Else

Print “Vector has no. of duplicates and print it”Step-10 Print “Vector after deleting duplicates”

Step-10.1 for i=0 to less than n print”a[i]Step-11 Stop the program.

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>main(){

int i,j,k,n, num, flag=0;float a[50];printf("Size of vector?");scanf("%d", &n);num = n;printf("\nEnter Vector elements ?\n");for (i=0; i<n; i++) scanf("%f", &a[i]);for (i=0; i<n-1; i++) for (j=i+1; j<n; j++) { if (a[i]==a[j]) {

n=n-1; for (k = j; k < n; k++) a[k] = a[k+1];

flag = 1; j--;

} }if (flag==0) printf("\nNo duplicates found in vector \n");else{ if((num-n)==1) {

printf("\nVector has only one duplicate\n");printf("Vector after deleting duplicates : \n");for (i=0;i<n;i++) printf("%6.2f", a[i]);

} else {

printf("\nVector has %d duplicates \n\n", num-n);printf("Vector after deleting duplicates : \n");for (i=0;i<n;i++) printf("%6.2f", a[i]);

}}

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Size of vector? 5Enter Vector elements ? 1 2 3 2 2Vector has 2 duplicatesVector after deleting duplicates : 1.00 2.00 3.00

46. AIM: Program to insert an element into the Vector

ALGORITHM

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare the variables i, j, k, n and pos as “int” and

a[50], item as ‘float’ data type.Step-3 Enter the size of vectorStep-4 Enter the elements into the vector

Step-4.1 for i=0 to less than n Read and stored in a[i]Step-5 for i=0 to less than ‘n’

Step-5.1 Print the vector elements a[i]Step-6 Read the element to be inserted and print Step-7 Enter the position of insertionStep-8 Increment n by 1Step-9 for k=n to greater than or equal to pos

Step-9.1 a[k] = a[k-1]Step-10 a[--pos] = itemStep-11 print “Vector after insertion”Step-12 for i=0 to less than n

Step-12.1 print a[i]Step-13 Stop the Program

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>main(){

int i,k,n, pos;float a[50], item;printf("Enter Size of Array : ");scanf("%d", &n);printf("\nEnter Array Elements : ");for (i=0; i<n; i++) scanf("%f", &a[i]);printf("\nEnter New Element to be Inserted : "); scanf("%f", &item);printf("\nEnter Position of Insertion : "); scanf("%d", &pos);n++;for (k=n;k>=pos;k--) a[k] = a[k-1];a[--pos] = item; printf("\nArray of Elements after insertion :\n");for (i=0;i<n; i++) printf("%10.2f",a[i]);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter Size of Array : 5Enter Array Elements : 1 2 3 5 6Enter New Element to be Inserted : 4Enter Position of Insertion : 4Array of Elements after insertion : 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00

47. AIM:

Program to print the upper and lower Triangle of the matrix

ALGORITHM

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare a two dimensional array a[10][10],

i, j, m and n as “int” data type.Step-3 Enter the size of matrix and print that sizeStep-4 Enter the elements into the matrixStep-4.1 for i=0 to less than nStep-4.1.1 for j = 0%y to less than m Read a[i][j]Step-5 for i=0 to less than ‘n’Step-5.1 for j=0 to less than ‘m’ print ‘a[i][j]’Step-6 for i=0 to less than ‘n’Step-6.1 for j=0 to less than ‘m’Step-6.1.1 if (i<j) print “ “Step-6.1.2 if(i>j)

print “a[i][j] Lower Triangular Matrix”Step-7 for i=0 to less than ‘n’Step-7.1 for j=0 to less than ‘n’Step-7.1.1 check if (i<=j)

Print “The upper triangular matrix a[i][j]”Step-7.1.2 Check if (i>j) Print “ ”Step-8 Stop

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>main(){

int a[10][10], i, j, m, n;printf("Enter Row and Column of the Matrix : ");scanf("%d %d", &n, &m);printf("\nEnter Elements of matrix : ");for(i=0; i<n; ++i) for(j=0; j<m; ++j) scanf("%d", &a[i][j]);printf("Lower Triangular Matrix :\n");for(i=0; i<n; ++i) { for(j=0; j<m; ++j) {

if(i>=j) printf("%5d",a[i][j]);if(i<j) printf ("");

} printf("\n");}printf("Upper Triangular Matrix :\n");for(i=0; i<n; ++i) { for(j=0; j<m; ++j) {

if (i<=j) printf ("%5d",a[i][j]);if (i>j) printf("") ;

} printf("\n");}

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter Row and Column of the Matrix : 2 2Enter Elements of matrix : 1 2 3 4Lower Triangular Matrix : 1 3 4Upper Triangular Matrix : 1 2

4

48. AIM: Program for Binary search using Recursion

ALGORITHM:

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare an array a[50], i, n and loc as ‘int’ data typeStep-3 Declare bin( ) function as ‘int’ data typeStep-4 Enter the size of matrixStep-5 for i=0 to less than ‘n’

Step-5.1 Read and placed in a[i]Step-6 for i=0 to less than ‘n’

Step-6.1 print ‘a(i)Step-7 Enter element to be searchedStep-8 Assign loc=bin(a,o,n)Step-9 Check if (loc==0)

Step-9.1 Print “unsuccessful search %d not found”Step-10 else

Step-10.1 Print “Successful search found”.Step-11 Stop the program

Recursive Function

Step-1 Global declaration of an array b(50) low and highStep-2 Declare mid as ‘static int’ of local declaration and ‘i’ as

‘int’ data type.Step-3 mid=(low+high)Step-3.1 check if (key<b(mid))Step-3.2 high = mid-1Step-3.2.1 bin(b, low, high)Step-3.3 else if (key==b(mid))Step-3.3.1 low = mid+1Step-3.3.2 bin (b, low, high)Step-3.4 else if (key==b(mid)))Step-3.4.1 return(mid+1)Step-4 elseStep-4.1 return(0)Step-5 Stop the program.

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>int key;main(){

int a[50], i, n, loc;int bin(int *,int,int);printf("Enter the size of the array : ");

scanf("%d", &n);printf("\nEnter Array elements (Ascending Order) :\n\n");for (i=0; i<n; i++) scanf("%d", &a[i]);printf("\nEnter Element to be Searched : ");scanf("%d", &key);loc=bin(a,0,n);if(loc==0) printf("Unsuccessful search. %d not found. \n", key);else{ printf("Successful search.\n"); printf("%d found at position %d. \n", key, loc);}

}int bin(int b[],int low,int high){

static int mid;int i;if(low<=high){ mid=(low + high)/2; if(key<b[mid]) {

high = mid-1;bin(b,low,high);

} else if(key>b[mid]) {

low = mid+1;bin(b,low,high);

} else if(key==b[mid])

return(mid+1); } else return(0);

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter the size of the array : 5Enter Array elements (Ascending Order) : 1 2 3 4 5Enter Element to be Searched : 4Successful search.4 found at position 4.

49. AIM: Program to Find substring of a given string

ALGORITHM

Step-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare mainstr[50], substr[50] as ‘char’ data type and

count, pos, i, j, len and num as ‘int’ data typeStep-3 Enter the main string

Step-4 for len=0 to mainstr(len)!=’\0’Step-4.1 print “It’s length”Step-5 Enter the starting position of substringStep-6 Enter number of characters in substringStep-7 check if (pos<=0 or Count<=0 or pos>len)Step-7.1 print “Entracted string is Empty”Step-8 elseStep-8.1 if (pos+count>len)Step-8.1.1 print “Characters to be extracted exceed Length”Step-8.1.2 number = len-pos+1Step-8.2 elseStep-8.2.1 num=countStep-8.3 j=0Step-8.4 for i = --pos to less than or equal to pos+num-1Step-8.4.1 substr[j] = mainstr[i]Step-8.4.2 j = j+1Step-8.5 print “Substring”Step-9 Stop the program

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>main(){

char mainstr[50], substr[50];int count, pos, i, j, len, num;printf("Enter the main string \n");gets (mainstr);for (len = 0; mainstr[len] != '\0'; len++);printf ("It's length is : %d \n", len);printf("\nStarting position of substring ? \n");scanf("%d", &pos);printf("\nNumber of Characters in substring ? \n");scanf("%d", &count);if (pos <=0 || count <=0 || pos > len) printf ("\n\nExtracted string is EMPTY \n");else{ if (pos+count-1 > len) { printf("\n\nCharacters to be extracted exceed length \n"); num = len-pos+1; } else

num = count;j=0;for (i=--pos;i<=pos+num-1; i++){ substr[j] = mainstr[i]; j++;}substr[j]='\0';printf("\n\nSubstring is : %s\n", substr);

}getch();

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter the main stringmuni rathnamIt's length is : 12Starting position of substring ? 1Number of Characters in substring ? 4Substring is : muni

50. AIM: Program to Replace A portion of string

ALGORITHMStep-1 Start the programStep-2 Declare mainstr[50], repstr[50], save[50] as ‘Char’

data type and i, j, k, pos, num, last, last, len1, len2,len as ‘int’ data type.

Step-3 Enter the main string.Step-4 for len1=0 to mainstr[len1]! = ‘\0’Step-4.1 Print “The length of the string”Step-5 Enter position from where it is to be replacedStep-6 Enter number of characters to be replacedStep-7 Enter replacing stringStep-8 for (len2=0 to repstr(len2)! = ‘\0’Step-8.1 print the length; len2Step-9 Check if (pos>len1)Step-9.1 for (i=0) to less than len2Step-9.1.1 mainstr[len1+i-1] = repstr[i]Step-9.2 len = len1+len2Step-10 elseStep-10.1 last = pos + len2-1Step-10.2 j = 0Step-10.3 for i = pos+num-1 to less than len1Step-10.3.1 save[j] = mainstr[i]Step-10.3.2 j++Step-10.4 len = jStep-10.5 j = 0Step-10.6 for i = --pos to less than lastStep-10.6.1 mainstr[i] = repstr[j]Step-10.6.2 j++Step-10.7 for i=0 to less than len

Step-10.7.1 mainstr[last] = save[i]Step-10.7.2 Last++

Step-10.8 for i = last to less than len1Step-10.8.1 mainstr[i] = “ ”

Step-11 Print REPLACED StringStep-12 Stop the program

PROGRAM

#include<stdio.h>main(){

char mainstr[50], repstr[50], save[50];int i, j, k, pos, num, last, len1, len2, len;printf("Enter main string : ");scanf("%[^\n]", mainstr);for(len1=0; mainstr[len1] != '\0'; len1++);printf("\nLength is %d\n", len1);printf("\nPosition from where it is to be replaced ? : ");scanf("%d", &pos);printf("\n\nNumber of characters to be replaced? : ");scanf("%d", &num);printf("\n\nEnter replacement string : ");%s", repstr);for (len2=0; repstr[len2] != '\0'; len2++);printf("\nLength is %d \n", len2);if (pos > len){ for (i=0; i<len2; i++)

mainstr[len1+i-1] = repstr[i]; len = len1 + len2;}else{ last = pos + len2 - 1; j = 0; for (i = pos + num - 1; i<len1; i++) {

save[j] = mainstr[i];j++;

} len = j; j = 0;

for (i=--pos; i<last; i++){ mainstr[i] = repstr[j]; j++;}

for (i=0; i<len; i++){ mainstr[last] = save[i]; last++;} for (i = last; i<len1; i++) mainstr[i]=' ';}printf("\n");printf ("REPLACED string is : %s", mainstr);printf("\n");

}

SAMPLE OUTPUT

Enter main string : muni rathnamLength is 12Position from where it is to be replaced ? : 1Number of characters to be replaced? : 4

Enter replacement string : maniLength is 4REPLACED string is : mani rathnam