Usage and Life Cycle of Wood Products - NCAS Technical ......Figure 7-1: Impact of different wood products’ accounting methodologies in New Zealand over the commitment period 2008-2012

tech

nica

l rep

ort n

o. 8 Usage and Life Cycle

of Wood Products

The lead Commonwealth agency on greenhouse

matters

national carbon accounting system

The National Carbon Accounting System:• Supports Australia's position in the international development ofpolicy and guidelines on sinks activity and greenhouse gas emissionsmitigation from land based systems.

• Reduces the scientific uncertainties that surround estimates of landbased greenhouse gas emissions and sequestration in the Australian context.

• Provides monitoring capabilities for existing land based emissionsand sinks, and scenario development and modelling capabilities thatsupport greenhouse gas mitigation and the sinks development agendathrough to 2012 and beyond.

• Provides the scientific and technical basis for internationalnegotiations and promotes Australia's national interests ininternational fora.

http://www.greenhouse.gov.au/ncas

For additional copies of this report phone 1300 130 606

USAGE AND LIFE CYCLE OF WOOD PRODUCTS

JAAKKO PÖYRY CONSULTING (ASIA-PACIFIC) PTY LTD

National Carbon Accounting SystemTechnical Report No. 8

November 1999

The Australian Greenhouse Office is the lead Commonwealth agency on greenhouse matters.

Printed in Australia for the Australian Greenhouse Office.

© Commonwealth of Australia 1999

This work is copyright. It may be reproduced in whole or part for study or training

purposes subject to the inclusion of an acknowledgment of the source

and no commercial usage or sale results. Reproduction for purposes other than

those listed above requires the written permission of the Communications Team,

Australian Greenhouse Office. Requests and inquiries concerning reproduction and

rights should be addressed to the Communications Team, Australian Greenhouse

Office, GPO Box 621, CANBERRA ACT 2601.

For additional copies of this document please contact National Mailing

& Marketing. Telephone: 1300 130 606. Facsimile: (02) 6299 6040.

Email: [email protected]

For further information please contact the National Carbon Accounting System

at http://www.greenhouse.gov.au/ncas/

Neither the Commonwealth nor the Consultants responsible for undertaking this

project accepts liability for the accuracy of or inferences from the material contained

in this publication, or for any action as a result of any person's or group's

interpretations, deductions, conclusions or actions in reliance on this material.

November 1999

Environment Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication

Usage and life cycle of wood products / Jaakko Poyry Consulting

(Asia-Pacific) Pty Ltd.

p. cm.

(National Carbon Accounting System technical report ; no.8)

Bibliography:

ISSN: 14426838

1. Wood products-Carbon content-Australia-Measurement. I. Jaakko Poyry

Consulting (Asia-Pacific). II. Australian Greenhouse Office. III. Series

674.8’0994-dc21

Australian Greenhouse Officeii

This report is issued by Jaakko Pöyry Consulting

(Asia-Pacific) Pty Ltd to the Australian Greenhouse

Office for their own use. No responsibility is accepted

for any other use.

The report contains the opinion of Jaakko Pöyry

Consulting (Asia-Pacific) Pty Ltd as to the Usage and

Life Cycle of Wood Products Project. Jaakko Pöyry

Consulting (Asia-Pacific) Pty Ltd has no responsibility

to update this report for events and circumstances

occurring after the date of this report.

JAAKKO PÖYRY CONSULTING (ASIA-PACIFIC) PTY LTD

Chris Borough Robert Miller

SENIOR CONSULTANT VICE PRESIDENT

8 October 1999

National Carbon Accounting System Technical Report iii

SUMMARYJaakko Pöyry Consulting has developed a

methodology for assessing the contribution that the

use and accumulation of wood products makes to

the size of the carbon pool. This methodology is

captured in a computer model which we have, for

the purposes of this report, called "A National

Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products" or

"Carbon Model". The model operates under the

software package Microsoft® Excel 2000.

The Carbon Model uses available statistics on log

flows from the forests and estimates the carbon

content of the various wood products processed

(e.g. sawn timber, plywood, pulp and paper and

woodchips). Estimates of the decay period of each

class of wood product have been made and

methods proposed for estimating the existing and

future pool of carbon represented by wood products

proposed. The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate

Change (IPCC) has proposed four alternative

approaches for accounting for carbon in wood

products. The Carbon Model developed in this

study incorporates these approaches.

This report focuses more on methodologies rather

than outcomes. However, to demonstrate the kind

of output generated by the model, we have run the

model using starting data and assumptions, most of

which are considered to be reliable but some of

which will require further refinement.

The main sources of information were ABARE, State

Forest Services, Forest and Wood Products Research

and Development Corporation (FWPRDC), industry

associations, CSIRO, forestry companies and Jaakko

Pöyry Consulting’s own databanks.

With some minor improvements, these sources

provide an adequate base for ongoing data

collection for estimating carbon accumulations.

Priority areas for further research and development

include:

• Determining appropriate carbon content for

Australian species.

• Refining the lifespan of timber products,

both long term products such as framing

timber in housing and products with a

shorter lifespan such as paper and

packaging.

• Researching the final disposal methods

of wood products some of which

(e.g. landfills) may significantly extend

the life of products before carbon release.

• Refining the methodology for determining

the level of carbon sequestered in housing.

• Evaluating the effects of the different IPCC

accounting approaches on Australia’s

carbon balance and the implications of each

approach on both sustainable forest

management and Australia’s commitments

under the Kyoto protocol.

Nothing in the report is or should be relied upon as

a promise by Jaakko Pöyry Consulting (Asia-Pacific)

Pty Ltd as to the usage and life cycle of wood

products in Australia. Actual results may be

different from the opinion contained in this report,

as anticipated events may not occur as expected and

the variation may be significant.

Australian Greenhouse Officeiv

National Carbon Accounting System Technical Report v

TABLE OF CONTENTSPage No.

Summary iii

1. Background and Project Description 1

2. Log Flow Information 1

2.1 Softwood 1

2.2 Hardwood 2

2.3 Cypress Pine 3

2.4 Bark 4

3. Wood Flows from Processing 4

3.1 Wood Flow and the National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products 4

3.2 Fibre Content of Wood 12

3.3 Softwood Sawmilling 12

Background 12

Information sources and assumptions used in the Carbon Model 13

3.4 Hardwood Sawmilling 13

Background 13

Information sources and assumptions used in the Carbon Model 13

3.5 Cypress Sawmilling 14

3.6 Plywood (Softwood and Hardwood) and Veneer 14

3.7 Particleboard and Medium Density Fibreboard (MDF) 14

3.8 Pulp and Paper 14

3.9 Preservative Treated Softwood 15

3.10 Hardboard 16

3.11 Hardwood Poles, Sleepers and Miscellaneous 16

3.12 Log and Woodchip Exports 16

Woodchip Exports 16

Log Exports 16

4. Carbon Content of Products 17

5. Life Span of Timber Products 17

5.1 Housing Sector 18

5.2 Life Span Pools assumed for Modelling in this Study 18

5.3 Discussion 19

6. Pool of Wood Products in Service 19

6.1 Housing 19

6.2 Modelling Approach to Carbon Sequestration in Housing 20

6.3 Carbon Starting Levels in Other Pools 21

7. Carbon Accounting Methods and Implications on Carbon Pool 22

7.1 Implications of Different Approaches 22

Australian Greenhouse Officevi

8. Summary of Recommendations for Ongoing Data Collection and Future Research 258.1 Improve Data on Hardwood 258.2 Softwoods 258.3 Bark 258.4 Wood Properties 258.5 Life Span of Timber Products 258.6 Accounting Approaches for Carbon in Wood Products 25

Selected References 26

Glossary 27

TABLESTable 2-1: Softwood plantation log removals for 1997/98 (thousands of m2) 2

Table 2-2: Native hardwoods forest removals 1997/98 (thousands of m2) 2

Table 2-3: Comparison between hardwood saw, veneer and pulplog volumes (1998) from different sources 3

Table 2-4: Cypress pine log removals for 1997/98 (thousands of m2) 3

Table 3-1: Paper statistics - 1998 15

Table 3-2: Raw materials used in paper manufacture in 1998 15

Table 6-1: Private dwellings in Australia 19

Table 6-2: Preliminary estimate of carbon currently in storage (millions tonnes C) 21

FIGURESFigure 3-1: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products - Sawmilling Wood Flows 6

Figure 3-2: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products - Wood Flows in Preservative Treated Products 7

Figure 3-3: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products - Wood Flows in Plywood Production 8

Figure 3-4: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products - Wood flows in MDF and particleboard manufacture 9

Figure 3-5: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products - Wood Flows in Pulp and Paper Manufacture 10

Figure 3-6: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products - Wood flows in export woodchips and logs 11

Figure 6-1: Australian housing starts (1955-98) 20

Figure 7-1: Impact of different wood products’ accounting methodologies in New Zealand over the commitment period 2008-2012 23

Figure 7-2: Indicative carbon stocks in Australia using the IPCC default approach 23

Figure 7-3: Indicative carbon stocks in Australia using the stock-change approach 24

Figure 7-4: Indicative carbon stocks in Australia using the production approach 24

APPENDICESAppendix 1: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products in Australia 29

1. BACKGROUND AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION

A National Carbon Accounting System is

being established within the Australian

Greenhouse Office. This project, "The Usage and

Life Cycle of Wood Products", is one of a series of

pilot projects commissioned to propose a

methodology for assessing the contribution that the

use and accumulation of wood products makes to

the change in and size of the carbon pool.

Jaakko Poyry Consulting has developed an Excel-

based model, which we have called a "National

Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products in

Australia". Within this report we refer to this model

as the "Carbon Model". This model is supplied in

electronic form in Excel 2000. A hard copy version

is attached in Appendix 1.

Information has been obtained and examined under

the following components of the Carbon Model:

• Log Flow from the Forest: Current annual

production data were obtained by species

groupings, and product classes, i.e. sawlogs,

veneer logs, pulp logs, roundwood and

other, e.g. sleepers.

• Fibre Flow from Processing: Data on the

intake of raw materials to the various

processing options and the output of

products and by-products have been used

in the model to estimate the total tonnes of

carbon produced each year under various

end product classes.

• Life Cycles and the Wood Products Carbon

Pool: Estimates of the life cycles appropriate

for each class of wood product have been

made and, together with the historical data

on housing stock for example, methods for

estimating the existing pool of carbon,

as represented by wood products, have

been proposed.

2. LOG FLOW INFORMATION

Annual log removals data are available through the

Australian Forests Products Statistics published

quarterly by the Australian Bureau of Resource

Economics (ABARE). Data are also available

through the Levies Management Unit of the

Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forests, on

behalf of the Forest and Wood Products Research

and Development Corporation (FWPRDC). Log

removals data are also published by the relevant

State Forest Services and these provide a valuable

cross-check on ABARE data.

SOFTWOODTotal removals of all plantation softwood logs for

1997/98 are shown in Table 2-1. These data were

collated from the annual reports of the various State

Forest Services and from information provided by

the private softwood plantation owners. A total

(crown and private) of 6,488,300 m3 of saw and

veneer log was harvested in 1997/98 according to

these data. However, the corresponding FWPRDC

figure provided by the Levies Management Unit is

6,663,603 m3 while the provisional figure from

ABARE is 6,547,000 m3 (Table 48, March Quarter,

1999). The ABARE figure includes cypress pine.

The estimated volume for cypress pine logs cut in

1997-98 is 296,000 m3 (refer to Section 2.3).

Deducting this from the ABARE figure leaves a

net softwood figure of 6,251,000 m3.

For pulplogs, the ABARE figure is 3,678,000 m3

and for roundwood it is 340,000 m3. The close

comparisons between all of these data are an

indication that the ABARE, FWPRDC or State Forest

Services data for softwoods can be used with

reasonable confidence.

National Carbon Accounting System Technical Report 1

HARDWOOD

Total removals of all hardwood logs are shown in

Table 2-2 again using the annual reports of State

Forest Services as sources. Plantation-grown

hardwoods have been included in Table 2-2 along

with native hardwoods as the volume harvested is

still small and is mainly pulpwood.

The volume of hardwood logs from plantations will

increase rapidly over the next few years and should

be reported separately in the future.

In general, there is good agreement between the

various sources of information for hardwood

removals, in the saw and veneer log and pulp log

categories, as indicated below.

Australian Greenhouse Office2

Table 2-1: Softwood plantation log removals for 1997/98 (thousands of m 3)

CROWN PRIVATE

State Saw and Pulp Log Roundwood Saw and Pulp Log RoundwoodVeneer Log Veneer Log

Western Australia 262.4 347.0 8.8 56.8 87.6 43.1

Tasmania 342.3 234.7 11.0 315.0 200.0

New South Wales 1,426.6 573.9 71.3 50.0

Queensland 1,015.2 423.8 76.8 90.0 287.0 10.0

Victoria 850.0 700.0 50.0 381.0 386.0 50.0

South Australia 802.0 340.0 45.0 777.0 335.0 105.0

Australian Capital Territory 120.0 5.0

TOTAL 4,818.5 2,619.4 267.9 1,669.8 1,295.6 208.1

Total crown and private 6,488.3 3,915.0 476.0

GRAND TOTAL 10,879.3

Source: Annual report of State Forest Services and information provided by private growers

Table 2-2: Native hardwoods forest removals 1997/98 (thousands of m 3)

CROWN PRIVATE

State Saw and Pulp Log Poles, Saw and Pulp Log Poles, Veneer Log Sleepers Veneer Log Sleepers

Other Other

Western Australia 602.8 612.1 20.0 17.5 91.3

Tasmania 359.0 1,826.0 17.4 154.8 1,750.0

New South Wales 696.7 554.8 22.8

Queensland 193.5 64.2 240.0 30.0

Victoria 1,056.5 971.3 30.0 175.0

TOTAL 2,908.5 3,964.2 154.4 412.3 2,016.3 30.0

Total crown and private 3,320.8 5,980.5 184.4

GRAND TOTAL 9,485.7

Source: State Forests Services and private growers

The FWPRDC figure would be expected to be low,

because mills processing less than 1,500 m3/a

do not pay a levy and are not required to file a

return. However, the comparisons between

ABARE and Table 2-3 data are quite good and

it is considered that the ABARE data for hardwood

saw and veneer logs and for pulp logs can be used

with confidence.

For "Poles, Sleepers and Other", however, the

information is conflicting, where available, and has

been otherwise difficult to uncover. As an interim

measure, it is suggested that the figure of 184,400 m3

(from Section 3.11.) be used as a constant. As poles

represent a considerable carbon store, it is

recommended that this area be investigated further.

CYPRESS PINECypress pine is a small component of the total log

removals accounting for approximately 295,700 m3

in 1997/98 according to State Forest Services annual

reports and private estimates.

Unfortunately, ABARE includes cypress pine

removals under the total for coniferous logs and a

separate figure is not provided. It is necessary to

extract cypress pine volume and analyse separate

from softwood sawmilling because:

• Cypress pine is a native conifer and

softwood sawmilling largely refers to exotic

species plantations, and

• Cypress pine is a denser wood than exotic

pines and is used by a totally separate

industry supplying different products to the

market.

A cypress pine figure can be developed from the

ABARE information by applying a conversion factor

to sawnwood consumption and applying a

conversion factor to convert back to equivalent log

removals. It is recommended that ABARE takes

steps to provide a separate entry for cypress pine

sawlog removals. A figure of 315,000 m3 sourced

from the FWPRDC has been used in the model.

This is close to the figure in Table 2-3 indicating

FWPRDC data is likely to be reliable.


Table 2-3: Comparison between hardwood saw, veneer and pulplog volumes (1998) from different sources

Source Saw and Veneer Log (m3) Pulp Log (m3)

State Forest Services 3,320,800 5,980,500

FWPRDC 3,171,960 Not reported

ABARE 3,430,000 5,900,000

Table 2-4: Cypress pine log removals for 1997/98 (thousands of m 3)

State Crown1 Private

New South Wales 100.9 332

Queensland 122.8 39

TOTAL 223.7 72

GRAND TOTAL - CYPRESS SAWLOGS 295.7

Sources: 1 State Forest Service annual reports2 estimate

BARKThere has been no accounting for bark in this study

and it is proposed that all bark should be regarded

as being a component of logging slash (harvesting

residue) and accounted for under logging

operations, for the following reasons:

• Logs are sold and log volumes are

recorded on an underbark basis.

• In most hardwood operations,

logs are debarked in the field.

• In softwood operations, it is estimated

that up to 50% of bark is lost prior to

the logs reaching the mill. Most of this

loss occurs during the mechanised

delimbing and log docking operations.

• Most softwood bark recovered at the

mill is used for garden mulch which

it is considered, would have decay

characteristics similar to that of

logging slash.

Softwood bark is a significant source of carbon with

total bark varying from about 35% of underbark log

volume (not oven dry weight) in Caribbean pine to

20% in radiata pine and hoop pine. Also the carbon

content in bark is higher than in wood because of a

higher presence of flavinoids in bark. It is likely

that, in the future, an increasing proportion of

softwood bark will be used in the co-generation of

energy and it may be reasonable to review this

proposal should the situation change. In the

meantime, it is recommended that the characteristics

of bark such as moisture content, oven dry weight

and carbon content per m3 of bark on the standing

tree, etc, be investigated. This would be useful in the

event that more bark is used for co-generation,

particularly for radiata pine.

While this approach is appropriate at a continental

scale for accounting for wood product alone, and

a general assumption cannot be applied when

calculating a stand-based carbon balance.

Proportions of bark removal for the site may have

a significant impact on stand carbon balance.

3. WOOD FLOWS FROM PROCESSING

Wood flows in the various wood products produced

in Australia have been developed under the

following species/industry headings:

• Softwood sawmilling

• Hardwood sawmilling

• Cypress sawmilling

• Plywood

• Particleboard and medium

density fibreboard (MDF)

• Pulp and paper

• Preservative treated softwood

• Hardboard

• Hardwood poles, sleepers

and miscellaneous

• Export of woodchips and logs.

WOOD FLOW AND THE NATIONAL CARBON ACCOUNTING MODEL FOR WOOD PRODUCTSThe Carbon Model develops wood flows separately

for each sector and these are integrated to account

for cross-linkages. This is particularly important in

the accounting for waste or by-products which are

themselves used as resources for other segments of

the industry.

In conjunction with the carbon pool and life cycle of

timber products, this model enables the total and

future carbon pools to be estimated.

In broad terms, the components of the models

developed for each sector are similar, using:

• An estimate of raw materials input,

whether of sawlogs, woodchips ex-sawmill,

or pulp logs

• An estimate of the products of processing,

e.g. "x"% sawdust, shavings or sander dust

for on site energy generation or compost,


"y"% woodchips for other manufacturing

processes, "z"% of sawn timber products,

panel products, paper, etc.

• An estimate of the proportion of products

by product categories, depending on

whether their expected end-use is long term

or short term; e.g. framing timber, dry

dressed boards, cases and pallet stock,

panel products for use in house

construction, panelboards for use in

furniture and cabinets, newsprint paper,

writing and printing paper, etc.

• A final figure for total Australian

consumption by end use categories,

converted to wood fibre content (oven-dry

weight) and to tonnes of carbon.

• Import and export data were obtained from

the ABARE reports by end use categories.


Figure 3-1: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products - Sawmilling Wood Flows


35%

11%

54%

79%

16%

15%

6%

84%

80%

5.5% 14.5%

* Percentages shown for softwood sawmilling, refer to model for hardwood and cypress pine.

Figure 3-2: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products - Wood Flows in Preservative Treated Products


15%

85%

3% 42% 15% 40%

Figure 3-3: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products - Wood Flows in Plywood Production


39%

14%

47%

Shrinkage andcompression

Round up,clippings,core trim

21% 70% 9%


Figure 3-4: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products - Wood flows in MDF and particleboard manufacture

18%

Shrinkage andcompression

Waste sander dust

11%71%

19% 34% 10% 37%

* Percentages shown for particleboard manufacture - see model for details on MDF

Figure 3-5: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products - Wood Flows in Pulp and Paper Manufacture


4%Waste

96%30%

70%

17.6% 16.6% 7.5% 58.3%

Figure 3-6: National Carbon Accounting Model for Wood Products - Wood flows in export woodchips and logs


FIBRE CONTENT OF WOODWood fibre content and carbon content are two

issues common to all of the processing options and

the choice of values adopted has a significant

bearing on the final outcome.

In the case of all sawn timber, treated softwood and

hardwood poles, etc., weighted basic densities for

the species involved have been applied across each

category. Basic density is defined as oven dry

weight divided by green volume and the values

adopted have been based on the CSIRO Division of

Forest Products, Technological Paper No. 13, 1961,

"Shrinkage and Density of Australian and Other

Woods". Shrinkage data were also obtained from

Technological Paper No. 13. For board products and

paper, however, the situation is different because

all have been subjected to varying amounts

of compression during manufacture and to

compensate for this, their basic densities have

been adjusted accordingly from the air dry density

of the finished products.

It is recommended that refinements to basic density

be made by undertaking more accurate species

weighting and by reviewing some of the CSIRO

data published in 1961.

Carbon content is defined variably throughout the

literature with values ranging from 0.4 to 0.53 of the

oven dry (bone dry) weight. A figure of 0.5 has been

adopted as a starting point to use in the model but

is able to be rapidly changed if needed. This issue is

discussed in more detail in Section 4.

Apart from the assumptions concerning basic

density and carbon content, the other

manufacturing assumptions were developed from

interviews with representatives from the various

industry associations and individual sawmilling

companies. The issues addressed included:

• recoveries of green sawn timber, sawdust

and chip;

• actual sawn sizes and corresponding

dressed sizes; and

• the range and proportions of products

produced.

For the softwood sawmilling industry, for example,

weighted averages of the information received have

provided assumptions of quite acceptable quality.

The same applies to the other species/industry

sectors, with the exception of hardwood sawmilling.

SOFTWOOD SAWMILLING

BackgroundThe softwood sawmilling industry in Australia is

largely based on plantations of exotic pines,

although the native pine, hoop pine, is grown in

southern Queensland. Most plantations were

initiated around the 1930’s. Early development was

slow, but momentum was gained in the 60’s and

70’s and the total plantation area is now 948,000 ha.

Softwood processing has matured over recent years

to become a very efficient, highly mechanised and

well integrated industry, comparable with any of its

overseas counterparts. Growth of the industry will

occur as the plantations mature, although further

growth of the softwood plantation estate is expected

to be relatively small, reflecting a current preference

by plantation growers to invest in shorter rotation

hardwood species.

Most softwood mills are large, with up to 500,000

m3/a log intake. Most of the sawn timber is

seasoned and dressed. Value-adding options such as

machine stress grading, glue lamination and finger

jointing are common.

Nearly all softwood mills are now operating on zero

waste, with all slabs and edgings being chipped for

paper pulp or panelboard feedstock and the

sawdust and shavings being used for boiler fuel to

provide energy for kiln drying. In some cases, some

of this material is sold for composting, but this is

unlikely to continue if the co-generation of

electricity becomes more financially attractive.


Information sources and assumptions used in the Carbon Model

Basic DensityA basic density of 415 kg/m3 is used. This is sourced

from the CSIRO Division of Forest Products,

Technology Paper No. 13, 1961 and is based on a

weighted average of the respective volumes of

radiata pine, slash pine, Caribbean pine and hoop

pine that are harvested.

Other Information Sources• The destinations of sawlogs and sawn

timber products were sourced from

representative sawmills in South Australia,

Tasmania, Queensland and the ACT

and from Pine Australia.

• Import and export figures were derived

from ABARE’s Forest Products Statistics –

March 1999.

HARDWOOD SAWMILLING

BackgroundThe hardwood sawmilling sector is quite different

from the softwood sector being characterised by a

large number of small mills; even the very few large

hardwood mills are much smaller than the average

softwood mill.

In recent years, the hardwood industry has

undergone considerable change in response to

reductions in their traditional resource base and to

the impact that softwood framing has had on the

traditional green hardwood framing market.

As indicated earlier, the hardwood plantation

resource is expanding and removals from hardwood

plantations have been included in the total

hardwood removals. The current area of hardwood

plantations is 287,000 ha and is expected to grow by

70,000 ha in 1999/2000. Most of this material is

currently of pulp log quality, but more sawlogs will

be harvested as the resource matures.

There is a reasonable degree of integration in the

hardwood industry, however integration is difficult

for the smaller more remote mills.

The hardwood sawmilling industry is far more

complex and varied than any of the other sectors.

There are at least 10 major species throughout the

country, all having different densities and shrinkage

rates, and to a great extent having different end

uses. This sector has not been addressed in this pilot

study in nearly the same detail as was applied to the

softwood sawmilling sector and the outcome should

be regarded as indicative only. It is recommended

that further work be done on hardwood sawmilling

and that the possibility of splitting it into

regions/species groups be considered.

Information sources and assumptions used in the Carbon Model

Other Information SourcesAssumptions on the product out-turn from

hardwood sawmilling have been sourced from the

Victorian Association of Forest Industries and a

large sawmilling company operating mills in

Queensland, NSW and Tasmania.

Sawlog volumes produced and import/export data

have been sourced from ABARE.

Basic density of hardwoodA basic density of 630 kg/m3 is assumed for

hardwood sawlogs. This is an average of the

following ten commonly logged hardwoods: spotted

gum (E. maculata), blackbutt (E. pilularis),

rose gum (E. grandis), jarrah (E. marginata), karri

(E. diversicolor), mountain ash (E. regnans), alpine ash

(E. delegatensis), silvertop (E. sieberi), brown barrel

(E. fastigata) and messmate stringybark (E. obliqua).

The basic density assumed for poles and sleepers is

790 kg/m3. This is an average of spotted gum,

ironbark and blackbutt - the main species used.

Hardwood chips are lower in average density than

either sawlogs or poles and sleepers as they contain

a wider range of species as well as younger


regrowth and plantation material. An average basic

density of 570 kg/m3 is assumed. This is sourced

from Chin (pers. comm.) of CSIRO.

Other Information SourcesAssumptions on the product out-turn from

hardwood sawmilling have been sourced from the

Victorian Association of Forest Industries and a

large sawmilling company operating mills in

Queensland, NSW and Tasmania.

Sawlog volumes produced and import/export data

have been sourced from ABARE.

CYPRESS SAWMILLINGThe cypress sawmilling industry is restricted to the

native cypress pine forests in Queensland and New

South Wales. The quantity of logs removed is small

and the data are currently included in the coniferous

forest information in the ABARE quarterly reports.

Data from industry sources and from the annual

reports of the Forest Services of Queensland and

New South Wales indicate that log removals in

1997/98 were approximately 296,000 m3.

The industry consists of several relatively small,

low technology mills operating on a scattered

resource. Because of the distances involved,

integration with other processing sectors is difficult,

however some cypress pine chips are being used

in panelboard manufacture.

The products are principally green framing and

high value flooring and dressed panelling.

PLYWOOD (SOFTWOOD AND HARDWOOD)AND VENEERThe Australian plywood industry is based

principally on plantation grown softwoods and

about 8% hardwoods, both native and plantation

grown. Large, high quality logs, for which premium

prices are paid, are preferred.

In volume terms, the plywood industry is small,

but it uses high technology and produces a variety

of products. Total production in 1998 was only

170,000 m3 (ABARE).

In addition to plywood veneer, sliced or rotary

peeled decorative veneer is produced in small

quantities for furniture, door and panel overlays.

This production is not recorded separately by

ABARE (we recommend it should be). Jaakko Pöyry

Consulting estimates annual production is less than

10,000 m3.

Data sources used in the model for plywood

were from ABARE and the Plywood Association

of Australia. These data sources are considered

to be reliable.

PARTICLEBOARD AND MEDIUM DENSITYFIBREBOARD (MDF)The characteristics of these two wood panelboards

are different, but their feedstock and end use

product categories are similar. Their densities are,

however, different.

Particleboard and MDF plants are large-scale

operations and they are usually located close to their

resource. Both require low cost material as input

using either small logs unsuited to sawmilling, or

woodchips produced as a by-product of sawmilling.

Most of the feedstock is from softwood plantations,

although some regrowth hardwood is being used in

a plant in Tasmania and some cypress pine is being

used in a plant in Queensland. Total production in

1998 was 501,000 m3 MDF and 882,000 m3 of

particleboard (ABARE).

In terms of trade, Australia is a net exporter of

particleboard and MDF.

The industry source used for information on

processing assumptions in the Carbon Model was

the Australian Wood Panels Association.

Data reliability is considered to be high.

PULP AND PAPERPulp and paper plants are very large-scale

industries requiring large volumes of low cost

resource. Plantation grown softwood fibre provides

the major resource but hardwood and recycled fibre

is also important. Accounting for this sector is

complicated by the fact that recycled fibre is

exported and pulp is imported.


While ABARE data provides some useful

information, the Pulp and Paper Manufacturers

Federation of Australia (PPMFA) provide a more

detailed source of information.

Data are published by the PPMFA on their web site

www.ppmfa.com.au; data are available back to

1981/82. In fact, ABARE uses the PPMFA as

a data source and the reported production figures

are identical.

Production figures in the Carbon Model in this

study are derived from assumed raw material usage

and conversion figures rather than reported

industry figures. This is important for modelling

wood flows through the product cycle and is

consistent with the approach used in the model for

other industry sectors, apart from export woodchips

which uses ABARE statistics for export quantities in

bone dry tonnes.

The model-derived paper production estimates are

15% lower than the ABARE or PPMFA figures.

The reason for this is that the model calculates the

wood-only raw material requirements for pulp and

paper in "oven dry tonnes" while pulp reported

figures are in "air dry tonnes" which contain

approximately 10% moisture and 2-25% of non-

wood fillers depending on the process.

A complicating factor in the assumptions on waste

with the pulp and paper stream is the fact that mills

vary dramatically in their recovery according to

type. Kraft pulp mills typically have a low yield of

fibre (∼ 50%) whereas thermo-mechanical mills have

a high yield (∼ 95%). Based on weighted inputs,

a yield of 70% has been adopted.

PRESERVATIVE TREATED SOFTWOODBoth hardwood and softwood can be preservative

treated, but only softwood has been allocated a


Table 3-1: Paper statistics - 1998

(000s tonnes) Production Exports Imports Consumption

Newsprint 444 18 290 716

Printing and writing 424 47 577 954

Tissue 191 15 32 208

Packaging and industrial 1,483 357 255 1,381

TOTAL 2,542 437 1,154 3,259

Source: Pulp and Paper Perspective, Vol. 19, No. 1, Nov. 1998, PPMFA

Australia has 5 pulp and paper mills. Production statistics for 1998 are shown in Table 3-1.

The quantities of raw materials used in the manufacture of paper are shown in Table 3-2.

Table 3-2: Raw materials used in paper manufacture in 1998

(000s tonnes sold as "air dried") Production Exports Imports Consumption

Mechanical 345 0 2 347

Chemical 456 0 168 624

Semi-chemical 135 0 10 145

Recycled fibre (from wastepaper) 1,289 0 0 1,289

TOTAL 2,225 0 180 2,405

Source: Pulp and Paper Perspective, Vol. 19, No. 1, Nov. 1998, PPMFA

separate category in this project. This is because

treated sawn softwood has some use categories

which are different to untreated softwood, whereas

hardwood is usually treated so that the sapwood

can be protected against borer attack and its use is

then the same as for untreated hardwood.

Treated softwood poles and posts have also been

included with sawn softwood, but treated hardwood

poles and piles have been included with sleepers

and other miscellaneous hardwood products.

The ABARE statistics do not list treated timber of

any description. The information used in the model

has been obtained from the Timber Preservers

Association of Australia.

HARDBOARDThe hardboard industry in Australia is quite small,

with only two plants in operation. One is at Ipswich

(Queensland) and the other is at Raymond Terrace

(NSW). Hardwood is used for feedstock, sourced

from pulp logs and sawmill residue. Total

production in 1998 was approximately 69,000 m3

(Jaakko Pöyry Consulting estimate).

The technology is quite old, but the products are

unique and have niche markets that are likely to

endure the competition from other panel products.

Both hardboard producers were contacted during

the study for manufacturing assumptions.

HARDWOOD POLES, SLEEPERS AND MISCELLANEOUSThe existing stock of hardwood transmission poles

in Australia is reputed to number about 6,000,000

and production is estimated to be about 100,000

poles per annum, equivalent to about 75,000 m3

of log.

Railway sleepers also represent a considerable

resource, and although concrete sleepers are now

used for all new work, timber sleepers will continue

to be used for the maintenance of secondary lines.

Miscellaneous includes a range of products such as

mining, fencing and landscaping timbers.

As mentioned in Section 2.2, the log removals

information for this group is conflicting and difficult

to uncover. A provisional constant of 184,400 m3 has

been proposed for use in the model (see Table 2-2)

and further work is recommended.

LOG AND WOODCHIP EXPORTS

Woodchip ExportsExport woodchips constitute a significant

proportion of the annual harvest from Australian

forests. The ABARE quarterly forest products

statistics gives 1,044,700 bone dry tonnes (BDt) of

softwood chips and 3,269,900 BDt of hardwood

chips exported in 1997/98. The total, 4,314,600 BDt,

is equivalent to 216 million tonnes of carbon (using

a conversion of 50%).

The Carbon Model uses the ABARE reported export

figures directly in bone dry tonnes. However, the

export controls have now been lifted on woodchips

and it may be difficult for ABS to get reliable data in

the future. Individual chip export companies keep

details of green tonnes exported and they have a

conversion factor to give tonnes of bone dry fibre

for the various species involved. These data could

be obtained on an annual basis, either from

individual companies or through the NAFI

woodchip exporters group.

Log ExportsTotal exports of coniferous logs for 1997/98consisted of 330,000 m3 of sawlog and 36,000 m3 ofpulp log. Hardwood log exports were 2,700 m3."Other" log exports came to 21,900 m3 (ABARE).

The log export trade is a relatively small part ofAustralia’s forest products trade. It is, howeverlikely to increase as the "Asian crisis" stabilises andmore ports are utilised.


4. CARBON CONTENT OF PRODUCTS

In the literature cited, carbon content varied between

0.4 to 0.53 of the oven dry (bone dry) weight.

The following is taken from Appendix II, "Costs of

Carbon Sequestration through Afforestation:

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Australian Transport"

Working Paper 23, Bureau of Transport and

Communications Economics:

Various factors are used to convert biomass and woodto elemental carbon.

Turner (1990, p. 2) divides the weight of wood by1.74. This is equivalent to wood being 44% carbon.

Barson and Gifford (1989a, p. 437) assume thatcarbon comprises 50% of dry biomass as do Griersonet al (1991a, p. 250).

On the basis that most organic matter in wood fitsthe formula CnH2nOn, Boardman (pers. comm.,October 1995) suggests that 40% wood biomass iscarbon.

McLaren and Wakelin (1991) note that variousstudies have used conversion figures for oven dryweight to weight of elemental carbon of 42% to 53%.They conclude that 49.6% is an appropriate figure forradiata pine in New Zealand.

In another study undertaken in the UK (Thompson

and Matthews, 1989), 42% is used for softwoods and

45% for hardwood, however none of these

references show how the values used were derived.

A conversion of 0.5 is used in the Greenhouse

Challenge Vegetation Sinks Workbook 1998.

Hillis (pers. comm.), from CSIRO, has provided the

same advice as Boardman. He makes the point that

the cellulose in wood is very similar in structure to

glucose, the formula for which is C6H12O6 and that

based on atomic weights, there is 40% by mass of

carbon in cellulose. Hemicellulose and lignin, the

other two principal components of wood, vary in

structure from cellulose, but they still have C, H

and O in about the same proportions and the same

applies to the relatively minor amounts of starch,

resins and other extractives that are present in wood.

Hillis further advises however, that the carbon

content of bark is often quite different and that in

radiata pine, the proportion of flavinoids is about

35% of the total composition. Flavinoids are high in

carbon (C15H11O6) and have 80% carbon by weight.

This would give a total carbon content of radiata

pine bark of approximately 54%.

In the Carbon Model a figure of 50% carbon by

weight of oven dry wood has been used as a default

but may be readily changed as required. This figure

is consistent with that used in the Greenhouse

Challenge Vegetation Sinks Workbook 1998, but

given the wide range of carbon contents quoted in

the literature, it is recommended that further

investigations of this issue be undertaken.

5. LIFE SPAN OF TIMBER PRODUCTS

The life span of timber products are critical in

ascertaining the quantity of carbon stored in timber

products. The Land Use Change and Forestry

Workbook 4.2 identifies four pools:

• short term (decaying in the year of harvest)- paper, etc;

• short medium term (decaying over 10years) - panel products, e.g. fibreboard;

• medium long term (decaying over 25 years)sawn timber, e.g. packing crates, furniture;and

• long term (decaying over 50 years) -building construction and fence posts.

In the Supplement to the Workbook (1998), the short

term pool decay rate was changed to three years.

In this study, considerable attention has been givento subdividing the various timber products poolsinto different classes and the life spans assignedvary from those in the workbook. Decay rates usedassume a constant decay over the lifespan.


The assumption of constant decay may not be validand requires further investigation.

HOUSING SECTORThe housing sector in Australia constitutes the most

significant long term pool of carbon derived from

wood products and, at this stage, a life cycle of 90

years is being nominated for Australian housing for

the following reasons:

• Most of Australia’s housing is well in excess

of 50 years old.

• 50 years is the figure used by engineers

as the minimum life of housing for design

purposes and clearly almost all housing

exists for much longer than this.

• Houses are demolished for purposes of site

redevelopment and road construction and

there is also an attrition due to cyclones,

fires etc.

• 90 years is nominated as an interim

measure but more detailed investigation

is recommended.

LIFE SPAN POOLS ASSUMED FORMODELLING IN THIS STUDY

Pool 5 – Long Term ProductsThe following products are used predominantly in

house construction and are therefore regarded as

having a life cycle of 90 years:

• Softwood – framing, dressed products

(flooring, lining, mouldings).

• Cypress – green framing, dressed products

(flooring, lining).

• Hardwood – green framing, dried framing,

flooring and boards, furniture timber.

• Plywood – structural, LVL, flooring,

bracing, lining.

• Particleboard and MDF – flooring

and lining.

• Hardboard – weathertex, lining,

bracing, underlay.

• Preservative treated pine – sawn

structural timber.

Pool 4A 50 year life span has been nominated for:

• Preservative treated pine – poles

and roundwood.

• Softwood – furniture.

• Hardwood – poles, piles and girders.

Pool 330 years has been nominated for:

• Plywood – other (noise barriers).

• Particleboard and MDF – kitchen

and bathroom cabinets, furniture.

• Preservative treated pine – decking

and palings.

• Hardwood – sleepers and other

miscellaneous hardwood products.

Pool 210 years has been nominated for:

• Hardwood – pallets and palings.

• Particleboard and MDF

– shop fitting, DIY, miscellaneous.

• Hardboard – packaging.

Pool 1 – Short Term Products3 years has been nominated for:

• Softwood – pallets and cases.

• Plywood – formboard.

• Paper and paper products.


DISCUSSIONThe lifetime in use and the final disposal methods of

wood products are the areas of greatest potential

inaccuracy and where we would recommend to the

AGO that more investigation be done. Large

proportions of the products can survive in a landfill,

for example, for very long periods (Skog &

Nicholson, 1998).

Jaakko Pöyry Consulting has made preliminary

estimates of average lifetime in use for paper and

paperboard products:

Tissue 3 months

Newsprint 1 month (with eventual disposal

landfill where average life may

be 30 years)

Packaging 15 months (with eventual disposal

landfill where average life may

be 30 years)

Printing 3 years (with eventual disposal

and Writing landfill where average life may

be 30 years)

There is also the factor of recycling which extends

the time between cutting down the tree and eventual

disposal to landfill, etc. As a starting point, Jaakko

Pöyry Consulting assumes fibre in packaging and

newsprint grades is recycled 5 times; printing and

writing papers twice and tissue zero. For packaging

grades, which are largely recycled fibre, the effective

lifetime is 6 x 15 months = 7.5 years.

As can be seen, these factors have a greater weight

than the actual initial lifetime of paper and

packaging products in determining carbon emissions.

Jaakko Pöyry Consulting’s Carbon Model treats all

short life products such as paper and paper

products as decaying within 3 years with

consequent C emissions to the atmosphere.

In fact, the effects of disposal methods in landfills

and recycling could significantly prolong the period

of carbon sequestration.

This area needs more investigation and is

recommended for additional study by the AGO.

6. POOL OF WOOD PRODUCTS IN SERVICE

HOUSINGThe number of houses, as well as their longevity, is

required to calculate the major pool of solid wood.

The total number of private dwellings in Australia

at the time of the 1996 census was 7,019,300 of

which 5,366,500 (76%) were separate houses and a

further 574,100 (8.2%) were either semi-detached,

townhouses, row or terrace houses (see Table 6-1.).

Unfortunately the categories for recording private

dwellings have been subject to minor changes over

the years, with the most recent change being in

1991. Nonetheless, "Total Private Houses" has been

recorded for every census back to 1911 when the

number of private dwellings was 928,862.


Table 6-1: Private dwellings in Australia

1991 (‘000) 1996 (‘000)

Separate houses 4,947.2 (76.7%) 5,366.5 (76.4%)

Semi-detached/Row/Terrace/Townhouses 509.6 (7.9%) 574.1 (8.2%)

Flats/Apartments/Units 780.5 (12.1%) 930.9 (13.2%)

Caravans/Other/Not stated 212.9 (3.3%) 147.8 (2.2%)

TOTAL 6,450.1 7,019.3

Source: Australian Census 1991, 1996

Factors not included in the census however are that

the average floor area of houses increased by about

19% between 1982 and 1997 (BIS Shrapnel – Sawn

Timber in Australia, 1996-2011) and that there has

been an increase in house renovations and extensions.

"Year Book Australia 1995" mentions that 67% of

houses approved in 1992/93 used brick veneer

cladding and 7% used timber cladding. Brick veneer

is most popular in the ACT with 97% of approvals.

It is least popular in Western Australia, the

Northern Territory and parts of northern

Queensland where the roof frame is generally of

timber, but the walls are usually cavity brick or

concrete block.

Some brick veneer houses use steel framing,

although nationally the use of timber framing for

brick veneer, fibreboard and timber clad houses is

quite high at around 95%.

The number of new separate houses built over the

30 year period 1968/69 to 1997/98 was 3,063,593.

This is an average of 102,119 per year.

The timber volume used in a 2-storey brick veneer

house of 180 m2 total floor area, with the lower floor

of concrete slab and the upper of timber, has been

calculated at 13.88 m3. Timber cladding on the upper

storey would add 3.1 m3. (Source: D.M. Greve and

W.I. Diehm, "Timber volumes used in house

construction", Queensland Department of Forestry,

Timber Trends No. 2, 1985.)

MODELLING APPROACH TO CARBONSEQUESTRATION IN HOUSINGThere are a number of possible methods for

modelling how much carbon is sequestered in

existing houses and the rate at which this will be

released. The approach adopted in the Carbon

Model has been to:


Figure 6-1: Australian housing starts (1955-98)

Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics

• Use historical data on new house construction

(housing starts) as a base (actual data 1955-

1987 assumed housing starts pre-1955).

• Assume an average wood content per house.

This figure can be adjusted at any year in the

model to allow for changes in building sizes,

styles and wood content.

As a starting point, we have assumed a wood

consumption of 15 m3/house in the early

1900’s reducing to 13 m3/house currently.

Note, the 15 m3/house is an estimate and is

not based on research.

• Convert the total wood content to a carbon

equivalent. A basic density reduction from an

average of 600 kg/m3 in the early 1900’s to

450 kg/m3 has been used for timber in

houses. A carbon equivalent of 50% has been

assumed.

• Assume a constant decay rate over 90

years, i.e. 1.11% of the carbon content is

lost each year.

Using this methodology, the starting values (1997)

for accumulated carbon in the existing carbon pool,

carbon was estimated as 15.8 million tonnes.

Aspects of this approach, which will require further

research and development include:

• Available data on housing starts go back to

1955; What was the level of new housing

preceding this?

• What is the level of wood in new dwellings

and how has this changed over time?

• Is a constant annual decay rate over 90

years realistic for housing or is some other

relationship more appropriate?

CARBON STARTING LEVELS IN OTHER POOLSThe suggested approach to estimating carbon

starting levels for products with shorter life spans

than timber in housing is to:

• Use historical production and import data

for each of the main product types, e.g.

plywood, MDF, paper and paper products.

• Convert this to carbon equivalents.

• Apply a decay rate based on the assumed

product life or pool.

This is a recommended follow-up activity.

As a starting point (1997) for the Carbon Model,

Jaakko Pöyry Consulting have assumed starting

values for the carbon pools (other than housing),

based on preliminary trend estimates. The start

point for the Carbon Model are shown in Table 6-2.


Table 6-2: Preliminary estimate of carbon currently in storage (millions tonnes C)

ACCOUNTING APPROACH

Decay period (yrs) IPCC default Stock-change Production

Pool 1 3 0 7.3 12.5

Pool 2 10 0 1.0 1.0

Pool 3 30 0 4.0 4.0

Pool 4 50 0 3.0 3.0

Pool 5 90 0 15.8 9.5

7. CARBON ACCOUNTING METHODS ANDIMPLICATIONS ON CARBON POOL

An expert group from the Intergovernmental Panel on

Climate Change met in Dakar1 in May 1998 to evaluate

approaches for estimating net emissions of CO2 from

forest harvesting and wood products. In their Dakar

report , four approaches were evaluated:

• The current IPCC default approach. - All

CO2 emissions and removals associated

with forest harvesting and the oxidation

of wood products are accounted for by the

country in which the wood was grown and

in the year of harvesting.

• The stock-change approach. - Changes in

carbon stock in forests are accounted for in

the country in which the wood is grown,

referred to as the producing country.

Changes in the products pool are accounted

for in the country where the products are

used, referred to as the consuming country.

• The production approach. - Stock changes

derived from forests are accounted for in

the producing country. The carbon

contained in exported wood products

remains accounted for in the carbon stock

of the producing country.

• The atmospheric-flow approach. - Removalsof carbon from the atmosphere due to forestgrowth is accounted for in the producingcountry, while emissions of carbon to theatmosphere from oxidation of harvestedwood products are accounted for in theconsuming country.

Jaakko Pöyry Consulting has included the capacityto model carbon sequestered by the IPCC default,stock change and production approach into theNational Carbon Accounting Model for WoodProducts. The atmospheric flow approach has notbeen attempted due to its complexity andconceptual difficulty. The results of theseapproaches contained in the model should beregarded as preliminary. Jaakko Pöyry Consultingprovides this capacity purely so the user canexperiment with the affects of the differentapproaches. The interpretation of the differentapproaches is our own.

IMPLICATIONS OF DIFFERENT APPROACHESA paper by Ford-Robertson, Robertson and Sligh inAppita 1999 – "Implications of Carbon AccountingMethods for Harvested Wood Products in NewZealand" found that the different accountingmethods under review by the IPCC had profoundlydifferent effects on New Zealand’s carbon balanceduring the commitment period 2008-2012 under theKyoto Protocol (refer to Figure 7-1.)


1 Evaluating Approaches for Estimating Net Emissions of Carbon Dioxide from Forest Harvesting and Wood Products


Figure 7-1: Impact of different wood products’ accounting methodologies in New Zealand over the commitment period 2008-2012

Source: Ford-Robertson, J., Robertson, K. and Sligh, P (1999).

Implications of carbon accounting methods for harvested wood products in New Zealand. Appita ’99, pp 681-688.

The impact of applying the three approaches

using model developed in this study is shown

in the following figures. These assume production

remains constant at 1998 levels over the next 10

year period. All assumptions in regard to

manufacturing also remain the same.

Figure 7-2: Indicative carbon stocks in Australia using the IPCC default approach

It is emphasised that the Model’s outputs are

indicative as they are based on, as yet, only crude

estimates of the accumulated carbon pool to date.

Importantly, however, the Model provides a

mechanism by which Australia’s carbon stocks can be

determined using different accounting approaches.

An important follow-up to this study will be the

refinement of the Model to study the impact on

Australia of the different approaches over the first

commitment period 2008-2012.


Figure 7-4: Indicative carbon stocks in Australia using the production approach

Figure 7-3: Indicative carbon stocks in Australia using the stock-change approach

8. SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS FOR ONGOING DATA COLLECTION

AND FUTURE RESEARCH

IMPROVE DATA ON HARDWOOD• Hardwood logs from plantations should

be reported separately in ABARE.

• ABARE data on hardwood poles and

sleepers is unreliable. Producers should be

approached to improve data reliability.

• Hardwood sawmilling input data for the

Carbon Model could be disaggregated into

3 regions to improve its precision.

The suggested regions are:

1. Western Australia

2. Queensland and

Northern New South Wales

3. Tasmania, Victoria

SOFTWOODS• ABARE appears to be a reliable source for

ongoing data collection.

• Cypress sawlog harvest data should,

however, be reported separately by ABARE.

At present, these data appear to be included

along with other softwoods.

BARKBark has not been accounted for in the model.

A better understanding of the carbon content of

bark and its destination and use after harvesting is

needed to account for this significant carbon source.

WOOD PROPERTIES• The average basic densities used in the

model need to be reviewed. More accurate

species weighting may need to be applied,

particularly for hardwoods where a large

range of species with an equally large range

in density are utilised.

• Further research into the carbon content of

the species used in Australia is needed.

This is fundamental to any evaluation of

carbon sequestration in wood products.

Although there are considerable references

already on this subject, there is enough

confusion over the wide range of carbon

contents reported to make an objective

selection of the most appropriate carbon

content difficult. The model uses 50%

carbon by dry weight as a default starting

point for all products but may be readily

changed. This is simplistic and needs to

be refined to provide greater precision in

determining carbon estimates.

LIFE SPAN OF TIMBER PRODUCTS• A provisional life span of 90 years for wood

in houses is proposed. This is not based

on detailed research. More work is needed

to refine/verify the figure for carbon

modelling purposes.

• Similarly, the effective life span of other

products, especially paper and packaging,

which are often recycled should be more

thoroughly researched.

• The final disposal method of wood products

consumed in Australia is not well

researched. How much wastepaper,

for example, is disposed of in landfill

sites which are reported to be effective

carbon sinks?

• Confirmation of the carbon sequestration

effects of landfill sites is needed in Australia.

ACCOUNTING APPROACHES FOR CARBON IN WOOD PRODUCTSThe IPCC are reviewing four different approaches to

carbon accounting. Which approach is adopted can

significantly affect carbon balances at the national

level and has implications for data gathering and

reporting. More detailed modelling of the various

approaches for Australian wood production should

be a high priority leading up to the first

commitment period from 2008-2012.


SELECTED REFERENCESABARE (1998). Forest Products Statistics – March

Quarter 1999.

Australian Greenhouse Office (1998b). Greenhouse

Challenge Vegetation Sinks Workbook.

Australian Greenhouse Office (1998a). National

Greenhouse Gas Inventory. Land Use Change

and Forestry. Workbook for carbon dioxide

from the biosphere. Workbook 4.2 with

Supplements, 1998.

BIS Shrapnel (1996). Sawn timber in Australia,

1996-2011.

Brown, S., Lim, B. and Schlamadinger, B. (1998).

Evaluating approaches for estimating net emissions

of carbon dioxide from forest harvesting and wood

products. IPCC/OECD/IEA Programme on

National Greenhouse Gas Inventories, Meeting

Report, Dakar, Senegal, 5-7 May 1998.

Bureau of Transport and Communications

Economics (1996). Trees and greenhouse:

Costs of sequestering Australian transport

emissions. Working Paper 23, April 1996.

Centre for International Economics (1999).

Early greenhouse action. Report prepared for

the Australian Greenhouse Office, June 1999.

CSIRO Division of Forest Products (1961).

Technological Paper No. 13, "Shrinkage and density

of Australian and other woods".

Ford-Robertson, J., Robertson, K. and Sligh, P.

(1999). Implications of carbon accounting methods

for harvested wood products in New Zealand. Proc.

Appita Conference ’99, pp 681-688.

Forwood Canberra (1974). Report of Panel 2 - Forest

Resources. Forestry and Wood-Based Industries

Development Conference, Canberra, 1974.

Greve, D.M. and Diehm, W.I. (1985). Timber volumes

used in house construction. Queensland

Department of Forestry, Timber Trends

No. 2, 1985.

PPMFA (1998). Pulp and Paper Perspective, (19,1)

Nov. 1998.

Skog & Nicholson (1998). Carbon cycling through

Wood Products; The role of wood and paper

products in carbon sequestration. Forest Products

Journal, Vol. 48 No. 7/8, pp 75-83, 1998.


GLOSSARY% percent

°C degrees Celsius

a year

ABARE Australian Bureau of Resource Economics

ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics

ACT Australian Capital Territory

ADt air dry tonnes

AGO Australian Greenhouse Office

air dry density mass of wood in the air dry condition divided by volume of wood in the air dry condition

basic density mass of oven dry wood divided by volume of green wood

BDt bone dry tonne

cm Centimetres

CSIRO Commonwealth Scientific & Industrial Research Organisation

FWPRDC Forest and Wood Products Research and Development Corporation

g gram

green density mass of freshly felled wood divided by volume of green wood

h hour

ha hectare (10,000 m2 = 2.47 acres)

IPCC International Panel on Climate Change

kg kilogram

km kilometre

LVL laminated veneer lumber

M million

m metres

m2 square metres

m3 cubic metres

m3/ha.a cubic metres per hectare per annum

MDF medium density fibreboard

ml millilitre

NAFI National Association of Forest Industries

NSW New South Wales

ob over bark

ODt oven dry tonne

OSB oriented strand board

PPMFA Pulp & Paper Manufacturers Federation of Australia

t tonne

Tg 1012 grams

ub underbark



Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

LO

SS

FR

OM

FO

RE

ST

PO

OL

tC (

000’

s)-5

,959

-5,9

59-5

,959

-5,9

59-5

,959

-5,9

59-5

,959

-5,9

59-5

,959

-5,9

59

-7,0

00

-6,0

00

-5,0

00

-4,0

00

-3,0

00

-2,0

00

-1,0

00019

9819

9920

0020

0120

0220

0320

0420

0520

0620

07Loss from forest pool (000’s tC)


APPENDIX 1

IPC

C D

EFA

ULT

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

DE

CA

Y L

IFE P

ool

1Y

ears

32

Yea

rs10

3Y

ears

304

Yea

rs50

5Y

ears

90

PR

E-S

TA

RT

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

Poo

l1

tC (

000’

s)8,

300

2tC

(00

0’s)

1,00

03

tC (

000’

s)4,

000

4tC

(00

0’s)

3,00

05

tC (

000’

s)60

% o

f 15,

800

(40%

impo

rted

)9,

500

tota

ltC

(00

0’s)

25,8

00

AD

DIT

ION

TO

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

1tC

(00

0’s)

4,17

04,

170

4,17

04,

170

4,17

04,

170

4,17

04,

170

4,17

04,

170

2tC

(00

0’s)

138

138

138

138

138

138

138

138

138

138

3tC

(00

0’s)

348

348

348

348

348

348

348

348

348

348

4tC

(00

0’s)

190

190

190

190

190

190

190

190

190

190

5tC

(00

0’s)

1,03

31,

033

1,03

31,

033

1,03

31,

033

1,03

31,

033

1,03

31,

033

tota

ltC

(00

0’s)

5,87

85,

878

5,87

85,

878

5,87

85,

878

5,87

85,

878

5,87

85,

878

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

PR

EV

IOU

S +

AD

DIT

ION

S1

tC (

000’

s)12

,470

12,4

8312

,492

12,4

9812

,502

12,5

0412

,506

12,5

0712

,508

12,5

082

tC (

000’

s)1,

138

1,16

21,

183

1,20

31,

220

1,23

61,

250

1,26

31,

275

1,28

53

tC (

000’

s)4,

348

4,55

14,

747

4,93

65,

119

5,29

65,

467

5,63

35,

793

5,94

84

tC (

000’

s)3,

190

3,31

63,

439

3,56

03,

679

3,79

53,

909

4,02

14,

130

4,23

75

tC (

000’

s)10

,533

11,4

4912

,355

13,2

5114

,136

15,0

1215

,879

16,7

3517

,582

18,4

20to

tal

tC (

000’

s)31

,678

32,9

6034

,216

35,4

4836

,657

37,8

4439

,012

40,1

5941

,288

42,3

98

CA

RB

ON

LO

SS

TH

RO

UG

H D

EC

AY

1tC

(00

0’s)

-4,1

57-4

,161

-4,1

64-4

,166

-4,1

67-4

,168

-4,1

69-4

,169

-4,1

69-4

,169

2tC

(00

0’s)

-114

-116

-118

-120

-122

-124

-125

-126

-127

-129

3tC

(00

0’s)

-145

-152

-158

-165

-171

-177

-182

-188

-193

-198

4tC

(00

0’s)

-64

-66

-69

-71

-74

-76

-78

-80

-83

-85

5tC

(00

0’s)

-117

-127

-137

-147

-157

-167

-176

-186

-195

-205

tota

ltC

(00

0’s)

-4,5

96-4

,622

-4,6

47-4

,669

-4,6

91-4

,711

-4,7

31-4

,749

-4,7

68-4

,786


LIF

E C

YC

LE-P

RO

DU

CT

ION

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

1tC

(00

0’s)

8,31

38,

322

8,32

88,

332

8,33

48,

336

8,33

78,

338

8,33

98,

339

2tC

(00

0’s)

1,02

41,

046

1,06

51,

083

1,09

81,

113

1,12

51,

137

1,14

71,

157

3tC

(00

0’s)

4,20

34,

399

4,58

84,

772

4,94

95,

120

5,28

55,

445

5,60

05,

749

4tC

(00

0’s)

3,12

63,

250

3,37

13,

489

3,60

53,

719

3,83

13,

940

4,04

84,

153

5tC

(00

0’s)

10,4

1611

,322

12,2

1813

,103

13,9

7914

,846

15,7

0216

,549

17,3

8718

,215

tota

ltC

(00

0’s)

27,0

8228

,338

29,5

6930

,779

31,9

6633

,133

34,2

8135

,410

36,5

2037

,613

CH

AN

GE

IN C

AR

BO

N P

OO

L1

tC (

000’

s)13

96

43

21

11

02

tC (

000’

s)24

2219

1816

1413

1110

93

tC (

000’

s)20

319

618

918

317

717

116

516

015

514

94

tC (

000’

s)12

612

412

111

911

611

411

210

910

710

55

tC (

000’

s)91

690

689

688

687

686

685

784

783

882

8to

tal

tC (

000’

s)1,

282

1,25

61,

232

1,20

91,

188

1,16

71,

148

1,12

91,

110

1,09

3

0

5,00

0

10,0

00

15,0

00

20,0

00

25,0

00

30,0

00

35,0

00

40,0

00

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Carbon pool (000’s tC)

5 4 3 2 1

0

200

400

600

800

1,00

0

1,20

0

1,40

0

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Change in carbon pool (000’s tC)

5 4 3 2 1


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

DE

CA

Y L

IFE P

ool

1Y

ears

32

Yea

rs10

3Y

ears

304

Yea

rs50

5Y

ears

90

PR

E-S

TA

RT

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

Poo

l1

tC (

000’

s)4,

900

2tC

(00

0’s)

1,00

03

tC (

000’

s)4,

000

4tC

(00

0’s)

3,00

05

tC (

000’

s)15

,800

tota

ltC

(00

0’s)

28,7

00

AD

DIT

ION

TO

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

1tC

(00

0’s)

2,44

92,

449

2,44

92,

449

2,44

92,

449

2,44

92,

449

2,44

92,

449

2tC

(00

0’s)

138

138

138

138

138

138

138

138

138

138

3tC

(00

0’s)

335

335

335

335

335

335

335

335

335

335

4tC

(00

0’s)

127

127

127

127

127

127

127

127

127

127

5tC

(00

0’s)

1,19

01,

190

1,19

01,

190

1,19

01,

190

1,19

01,

190

1,19

01,

190

tota

ltC

(00

0’s)

4,23

94,

239

4,23

94,

239

4,23

94,

239

4,23

94,

239

4,23

94,

239

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

PR

EV

IOU

S +

AD

DIT

ION

S1

tC (

000’

s)7,

349

7,34

87,

347

7,34

77,

346

7,34

67,

346

7,34

67,

346

7,34

62

tC (

000’

s)1,

138

1,16

21,

183

1,20

31,

220

1,23

61,

250

1,26

31,

275

1,28

53

tC (

000’

s)4,

335

4,52

64,

710

4,88

85,

060

5,22

65,

387

5,54

25,

693

5,83

84

tC (

000’

s)3,

127

3,19

13,

254

3,31

63,

377

3,43

63,

494

3,55

13,

607

3,66

25

tC (

000’

s)16

,990

17,9

9218

,982

19,9

6220

,930

21,8

8822

,835

23,7

7124

,698

25,6

13to

tal

tC (

000’

s)32

,939

34,2

1835

,477

36,7

1537

,933

39,1

3240

,313

41,4

7442

,618

43,7

44

CA

RB

ON

LO

SS

TH

RO

UG

H D

EC

AY

1tC

(00

0’s)

-2,4

50-2

,449

-2,4

49-2

,449

-2,4

49-2

,449

-2,4

49-2

,449

-2,4

49-2

,449

2tC

(00

0’s)

-114

-116

-118

-120

-122

-124

-125

-126

-127

-129

3tC

(00

0’s)

-145

-151

-157

-163

-169

-174

-180

-185

-190

-195

4tC

(00

0’s)

-63

-64

-65

-66

-68

-69

-70

-71

-72

-73

5tC

(00

0’s)

-189

-200

-211

-222

-233

-243

-254

-264

-274

-285

tota

ltC

(00

0’s)

-2,9

59-2

,980

-3,0

00-3

,020

-3,0

40-3

,058

-3,0

77-3

,095

-3,1

12-3

,130


LIF

E C

YC

LE-S

TOC

K C

HA

NG

E

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

1tC

(00

0’s)

4,89

94,

898

4,89

84,

898

4,89

84,

898

4,89

74,

897

4,89

74,

897

2tC

(00

0’s)

1,02

41,

046

1,06

51,

083

1,09

81,

113

1,12

51,

137

1,14

71,

157

3tC

(00

0’s)

4,19

14,

375

4,55

34,

725

4,89

15,

052

5,20

75,

358

5,50

35,

643

4tC

(00

0’s)

3,06

43,

127

3,18

93,

250

3,30

93,

367

3,42

43,

480

3,53

53,

588

5tC

(00

0’s)

16,8

0217

,792

18,7

7119

,740

20,6

9721

,645

22,5

8123

,507

24,4

2325

,329

tota

ltC

(00

0’s)

29,9

7931

,238

32,4

7633

,695

34,8

9436

,074

37,2

3638

,379

39,5

0540

,615

CH

AN

GE

IN C

AR

BO

N P

OO

L1

tC (

000’

s)-1

-10

00

00

00

02

tC (

000’

s)24

2219

1816

1413

1110

93

tC (

000’

s)19

118

417

817

216

616

115

515

014

514

04

tC (

000’

s)64

6362

6159

5857

5655

545

tC (

000’

s)1,

002

990

979

968

958

947

937

926

916

906

tota

ltC

(00

0’s)

1,27

91,

259

1,23

81,

218

1,19

91,

180

1,16

21,

144

1,12

61,

109

05,

000

10,0

0015

,000

20,0

0025

,000

30,0

0035

,000

40,0

0045

,000

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Carbon pool (000’s tC)

5 4 3 2 1

-200

0

200

400

600

800

1,00

0

1,20

0

1,40

0

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Change in carbon pool (000’s tC)

5 4 3 2 1


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

MA

NU

FA

CT

UR

ING

AS

SU

MP

TIO

NS

Bas

ic d

ensi

tykg

/m3

CS

IRO

Div

isio

n of

For

est P

rodu

cts,

Tec

hnol

ogic

al P

aper

No.

13,

196

141

541

541

541

541

541

541

541

541

541

5

Car

bon

conv

ersi

on (

bdt t

o tC

)%

JPC

ass

umpt

ion

from

Gre

enho

use

Cha

lleng

e V

eget

atio

n S

inks

Wor

kboo

k 19

98

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

Saw

log

stre

am (

dest

inat

ion

of to

tal s

awlo

gs)

Gre

en s

awn

%In

dust

r y s

ourc

es: -

Pin

e A

ustr

alia

and

saw

mill

s in

S A

ust (

4),

Tas

man

ia (

1),

Que

ensl

and

(3)

and

AC

T (

1).

Que

ensl

and

(3)

and

AC

T (

1).

Que

ensl

and

(3)

and

AC

T (

1).

Que

ensl

and

(3)

and

AC

T (

1).

Que

ensl

and

(3)

and

AC

T (

1).

54.0

%54

.0%

54.0

%54

.0%

54.0

%54

.0%

54.0

%54

.0%

54.0

%54

.0%

Chi

ps%

35.0

%35

.0%

35.0

%35

.0%

35.0

%35

.0%

35.0

%35

.0%

35.0

%35

.0%

Saw

dust

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Chi

p st

ream

(de

stin

atio

n of

chi

ps)

Pan

el%

Cal

cula

ted

from

MD

F a

nd p

artic

lebo

ard

requ

irem

ent

40.5

%40

.5%

40.5

%40

.5%

40.5

%40

.5%

40.5

%40

.5%

40.5

%40

.5%

Exp

ort

%Le

ft ov

er fr

om o

ther

two

41.2

%41

.2%

41.2

%41

.2%

41.2

%41

.2%

41.2

%41

.2%

41.2

%41

.2%

Har

dboa

rd%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Pul

p an

d pa

per

%C

alcu

late

d fr

om P

ulp

and

Pap

er r

equi

rem

ent

18.3

%18

.3%

18.3

%18

.3%

18.3

%18

.3%

18.3

%18

.3%

18.3

%18

.3%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Gre

en s

awn

stre

am (

dest

inat

ion

of g

reen

saw

n m

ater

ial)

Dry

ing

and

dres

sing

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es: -

Pin

e A

ustr

alia

and

saw

mill

s in

S A

ust (

4),

Tas

man

ia (

1),

79.0

%79

.0%

79.0

%79

.0%

79.0

%79

.0%

79.0

%79

.0%

79.0

%79

.0%

Pre

serv

ativ

e%

Indu

stry

sou

rces

(T

PA

A),

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

in n

ext 3

yea

rs15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%P

alle

ts a

nd c

ases

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es: -

Pin

e A

ustr

alia

and

saw

mill

s in

S A

ust (

4),

Tas

man

ia (

1),

6.0%

6.0%

6.0%

6.0%

6.0%

6.0%

6.0%

6.0%

6.0%

6.0%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Dry

ing

and

dres

sing

str

eam

(de

stin

atio

n of

drie

d an

d dr

esse

d m

ater

ial)

Drie

d an

d dr

esse

d pr

oduc

ts%

Indu

stry

sou

rces

: - P

ine

Aus

tral

ia a

nd s

awm

ills

in S

Aus

t ( 4

), T

asm

ania

(1)

,84

.0%

84.0

%84

.0%

84.0

%84

.0%

84.0

%84

.0%

84.0

%84

.0%

84.0

%S

havi

ngs

and

was

te%

16.0

%16

.0%

16.0

%16

.0%

16.0

%16

.0%

16.0

%16

.0%

16.0

%16

.0%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Drie

d an

d dr

esse

d pr

oduc

ts s

trea

m (

dest

inat

ion

of d

ried

and

dres

sed

prod

ucts

)F

ram

ing

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es: -

Pin

e A

ustr

alia

and

saw

mill

s in

S A

ust (

4),

Tas

man

ia (

1),

80.0

%80

.0%

80.0

%80

.0%

80.0

%80

.0%

80.0

%80

.0%

80.0

%80

.0%

Fur

nitu

re%

5.5%

5.5%

5.5%

5.5%

5.5%

5.5%

5.5%

5.5%

5.5%

5.5%

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

s%

14.5

%14

.5%

14.5

%14

.5%

14.5

%14

.5%

14.5

%14

.5%

14.5

%14

.5%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Logs

rem

oved

(sa

w a

nd v

enee

r) in

cl c

ypre

ss p

ine

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 4

8 R

ound

woo

d re

mov

als

(Con

ifero

us s

aw a

nd v

enee

r lo

gs)

6,48

86,

488

6,48

86,

488

6,48

86,

488

6,48

86,

488

6,48

86,

488

Impo

rts

of c

onife

rous

saw

nwoo

dm

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

13,

incl

udes

15%

of

pres

erva

tive

trea

ted

softw

ood

from

New

Zea

land

678

678

678

678

678

678

678

678

678

678

Pro

port

ion

of im

port

as

pres

erva

tive

trea

ted

timbe

r%

Sou

rce:

Tim

ber

Pre

serv

ers

Ass

oici

atio

n of

Aus

tral

ia15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n of

impo

rted

pro

duct

sF

ram

ing

%S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

14

and

17.

64.0

%64

.0%

64.0

%64

.0%

64.0

%64

.0%

64.0

%64

.0%

64.0

%64

.0%

Fur

nitu

re%

JPC

est

imat

e -

Act

ual d

ata

not r

ecor

ded

by A

BA

RE

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

s%

25.0

%25

.0%

25.0

%25

.0%

25.0

%25

.0%

25.0

%25

.0%

25.0

%25

.0%

Pal

lets

and

cas

es%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Exp

orts

of c

onife

rous

saw

nwoo

dm

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

31

Exp

orts

of s

awnw

ood

1818

1818

1818

1818

1818

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n of

exp

orte

d pr

oduc

tsF

ram

ing

%S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

31

Exp

orts

of s

awnw

ood.

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

Fur

nitu

re%

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n by

cou

ntry

of d

estin

atio

n.0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%D

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

%S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

31

Exp

orts

of s

awnw

ood.

60.0

%60

.0%

60.0

%60

.0%

60.0

%60

.0%

60.0

%60

.0%

60.0

%60

.0%

Pal

lets

and

cas

es%

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n by

cou

ntry

of d

estin

atio

n.0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n by

cou

ntry

of o

rigin

.

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 1

4 an

d 17

. E

stim

ated

pro

port

ion

by c

ount

ry o

f orig

in.


SO

FT

WO

OD

SA

WM

ILLI

NG

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Chi

ps fo

r pa

nel

m3

(000

’s)

823

823

823

823

823

823

823

823

823

823

Chi

ps fo

r ex

port

m3

(000

’s)

838

838

838

838

838

838

838

838

838

838

Chi

ps fo

r ha

rdbo

ard

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Chi

ps fo

r pu

lp a

nd p

aper

m3

(000

’s)

373

373

373

373

373

373

373

373

373

373

Pre

serv

ativ

e tim

ber

m3

(000

’s)

572

572

572

572

572

572

572

572

572

572

PR

OD

UC

TS

PR

OD

UC

ED

IN A

US

TR

AL

IAF

ram

ing

m3

(000

’s)

1,66

61,

666

1,66

61,

666

1,66

61,

666

1,66

61,

666

1,66

61,

666

Fur

nitu

rem

3 (0

00’s

)11

511

511

511

511

511

511

511

511

511

5D

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

m3

(000

’s)

302

302

302

302

302

302

302

302

302

302

Pal

lets

and

cas

esm

3 (0

00’s

)18

818

818

818

818

818

818

818

818

818

8

chec

k su

m0

00

00

00

00

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Fra

min

gbd

t (00

0’s)

691

691

691

691

691

691

691

691

691

691

Fur

nitu

rebd

t (00

0’s)

4848

4848

4848

4848

4848

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

sbd

t (00

0’s)

125

125

125

125

125

125

125

125

125

125

Pal

lets

and

cas

esbd

t (00

0’s)

7878

7878

7878

7878

7878

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NF

ram

ing

tC (

000’

s)5

346

346

346

346

346

346

346

346

346

346

Fur

nitu

retC

(00

0’s)

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

4D

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

tC (

000’

s)5

63

63

63

63

63

63

63

63

63

63

Pal

lets

and

cas

estC

(00

0’s)

33

93

93

93

93

93

93

93

93

93

9

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

Fra

min

gpo

ol5

55

55

55

55

5F

urni

ture

pool

44

44

44

44

44

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

spo

ol5

55

55

55

55

5P

alle

ts a

nd c

ases

pool

33

33

33

33

33

RA

W M

AT

ER

IAL

SS

awlo

g vo

lum

e m

3 (0

00’s

)C

alcu

late

d fr

om a

bove

and

ply

woo

d an

d cy

pres

s re

quire

men

t5,

811

5,81

15,

811

5,81

15,

811

5,81

15,

811

5,81

15,

811

5,81

1

PR

OD

UC

T F

RO

M O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SN

one

BY

-PR

OD

UC

TS

Saw

dust

, sh

avin

gs a

nd w

aste

m3

(000

’s)

1,03

61,

036

1,03

61,

036

1,03

61,

036

1,03

61,

036

1,03

61,

036

Car

bon

in b

y-pr

oduc

tstC

(00

0’s)

215

215

215

215

215

215

215

215

215

215

PR

OD

UC

TS

US

ED

IN O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

S


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

IMP

OR

TS

Fra

min

gm

3 (0

00’s

)36

936

936

936

936

936

936

936

936

936

9F

urni

ture

m3

(000

’s)

6363

6363

6363

6363

6363

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

sm

3 (0

00’s

)14

414

414

414

414

414

414

414

414

414

4P

alle

ts a

nd c

ases

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

IMP

OR

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Fra

min

gbd

t (00

0’s)

153

153

153

153

153

153

153

153

153

153

Fur

nitu

rebd

t (00

0’s)

2626

2626

2626

2626

2626

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

sbd

t (00

0’s)

6060

6060

6060

6060

6060

Pal

lets

and

cas

esbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

IMP

OR

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NF

ram

ing

tC (

000’

s)5

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

77

Fur

nitu

retC

(00

0’s)

41

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

31

3D

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

tC (

000’

s)5

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

Pal

lets

and

cas

estC

(00

0’s)

30

00

00

00

00

0

EX

PO

RT

SF

ram

ing

m3

(000

’s)

77

77

77

77

77

Fur

nitu

rem

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0D

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

m3

(000

’s)

1111

1111

1111

1111

1111

Pal

lets

and

cas

esm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0

EX

PO

RT

S IN

BO

NE

DR

Y T

ON

NE

SF

ram

ing

bdt (

000’

s)3

33

33

33

33

3F

urni

ture

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0D

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

bdt (

000’

s)4

44

44

44

44

4P

alle

ts a

nd c

ases

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0

EX

PO

RT

S IN

TO

NN

ES

CA

RB

ON

Fra

min

gtC

(00

0’s)

51

11

11

11

11

1F

urni

ture

tC (

000’

s)4

00

00

00

00

00

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

stC

(00

0’s)

52

22

22

22

22

2P

alle

ts a

nd c

ases

tC (

000’

s)3

00

00

00

00

00

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TIO

NF

ram

ing

m3

(000

’s)

2,02

82,

028

2,02

82,

028

2,02

82,

028

2,02

82,

028

2,02

82,

028

Fur

nitu

rem

3 (0

00’s

)17

817

817

817

817

817

817

817

817

817

8D

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

m3

(000

’s)

435

435

435

435

435

435

435

435

435

435

Pal

lets

and

cas

esm

3 (0

00’s

)18

818

818

818

818

818

818

818

818

818

8

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Fra

min

gbd

t (00

0’s)

841

841

841

841

841

841

841

841

841

841

Fur

nitu

rebd

t (00

0’s)

7474

7474

7474

7474

7474

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

sbd

t (00

0’s)

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

Pal

lets

and

cas

esbd

t (00

0’s)

7878

7878

7878

7878

7878


SO

FT

WO

OD

SA

WM

ILLI

NG

-CT

D.

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NF

ram

ing

tC (

000’

s)42

142

142

142

142

142

142

142

142

142

1F

urni

ture

tC (

000’

s)37

3737

3737

3737

3737

37D

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

tC (

000’

s)90

9090

9090

9090

9090

90P

alle

ts a

nd c

ases

tC (

000’

s)39

3939

3939

3939

3939

39

IPC

C D

EF

AU

LT A

PP

RO

AC

HtC

(00

0’s)

Em

issi

ons

at h

arve

st tr

eate

d as

rel

ease

to a

tmos

pher

e68

668

668

668

668

668

668

668

668

668

6

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N A

PP

RO

AC

HN

et c

hang

e in

car

bon

stoc

ks in

the

fore

st a

nd w

ood

prod

ucts

poo

l acc

ount

ed fo

r in

cou

ntry

of p

rodu

ctio

n1

tC (

000’

s)in

clud

ing

carb

on in

was

te21

521

521

521

521

521

521

521

521

521

52

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)39

3939

3939

3939

3939

394

tC (

000’

s)24

2424

2424

2424

2424

245

tC (

000’

s)40

840

840

840

840

840

840

840

840

840

8T

otal

tC (

000’

s)68

668

668

668

668

668

668

668

668

668

6

ST

OC

K C

HA

NG

E A

PP

RO

AC

H (

JPC

pre

ferr

ed)

Net

cha

nge

in c

arbo

n st

ocks

in th

e fo

rest

and

woo

d pr

oduc

ts p

ool a

ccou

nted

for

in c

ount

ry o

f con

sum

ptio

n1

tC (

000’

s)21

521

521

521

521

521

521

521

521

521

52

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)39

3939

3939

3939

3939

394

tC (

000’

s)37

3737

3737

3737

3737

375

tC (

000’

s)51

151

151

151

151

151

151

151

151

151

1T

otal

tC (

000’

s)80

280

280

280

280

280

280

280

280

280

2

AT

MO

SP

HE

RIC

AP

PR

OA

CH

(no

t mod

elle

d)


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

MA

NU

FA

CT

UR

ING

AS

SU

MP

TIO

NS

Bas

ic d

ensi

tykg

/m3

CS

IRO

Div

isio

n of

For

est P

rodu

cts,

Tec

hnol

ogic

al P

aper

No.

13,

196

163

063

063

063

063

063

063

063

063

063

0

Car

bon

conv

ersi

on (

bdt t

o tC

)%

JPC

ass

umpt

ion

from

Gre

enho

use

Cha

lleng

e V

eget

atio

n S

inks

Wor

kboo

k 19

98

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

Saw

log

stre

am (

dest

inat

ion

of to

tal s

awlo

gs)

Gre

en s

awn

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es:

Vic

toria

n A

ssoc

of F

ores

t Ind

ustr

ies

and

Saw

mill

s45

.0%

45.0

%45

.0%

45.0

%45

.0%

45.0

%45

.0%

45.0

%45

.0%

45.0

%C

hips

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es:

Vic

toria

n A

ssoc

of F

ores

t Ind

ustr

ies

and

Saw

mill

s30

.0%

30.0

%30

.0%

30.0

%30

.0%

30.0

%30

.0%

30.0

%30

.0%

30.0

%S

lab

was

te%

Indu

stry

sou

rces

: V

icto

rian

Ass

oc o

f For

est I

ndus

trie

s an

d S

awm

ills

5.0%

5.0%

5.0%

5.0%

5.0%

5.0%

5.0%

5.0%

5.0%

5.0%

Saw

dust

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es:

Vic

toria

n A

ssoc

of F

ores

t Ind

ustr

ies

and

Saw

mill

s20

.0%

20.0

%20

.0%

20.0

%20

.0%

20.0

%20

.0%

20.0

%20

.0%

20.0

%T

otal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Chi

p st

ream

(de

stin

atio

n of

chi

ps)

Pan

el -

MD

F/P

B%

Non

e in

199

8 S

ourc

e??

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Exp

ort

%B

alan

ce a

fter

pane

ls, h

ardb

oard

and

pul

p an

d pa

per

85.2

%85

.2%

85.2

%85

.2%

85.2

%85

.2%

85.2

%85

.2%

85.2

%85

.2%

Har

dboa

rd%

Cal

cula

ted

from

Har

dboa

rd s

awm

ill r

esid

ue r

equi

rem

ent

4.4%

4.4%

4.4%

4.4%

4.4%

4.4%

4.4%

4.4%

4.4%

4.4%

Pul

p an

d pa

per

%C

alcu

late

d fr

om P

ulp

and

Pap

er r

equi

rem

ent

10.4

%10

.4%

10.4

%10

.4%

10.4

%10

.4%

10.4

%10

.4%

10.4

%10

.4%

Tot

al%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Gre

en s

awn

stre

am (

dest

inat

ion

of g

reen

saw

n m

ater

ial)

Dry

ing

and

dres

sing

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es:

Vic

toria

n A

ssoc

of F

ores

t Ind

ustr

ies

and

Saw

mill

s55

.0%

55.0

%55

.0%

55.0

%55

.0%

55.0

%55

.0%

55.0

%55

.0%

55.0

%G

reen

fram

ing

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es:

Vic

toria

n A

ssoc

of F

ores

t Ind

ustr

ies

and

Saw

mill

s30

.0%

30.0

%30

.0%

30.0

%30

.0%

30.0

%30

.0%

30.0

%30

.0%

30.0

%P

alle

ts a

nd p

alin

gs%

Indu

stry

sou

rces

: V

icto

rian

Ass

oc o

f For

est I

ndus

trie

s an

d S

awm

ills

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

Tot

al%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Dry

ing

and

dres

sing

str

eam

(de

stin

atio

n of

drie

d an

d dr

esse

d m

ater

ial)

Drie

d an

d dr

esse

d pr

oduc

ts%

Indu

stry

sou

rces

: V

icto

rian

Ass

oc o

f For

est I

ndus

trie

s an

d S

awm

ills

68.0

%68

.0%

68.0

%68

.0%

68.0

%68

.0%

68.0

%68

.0%

68.0

%68

.0%

Sha

ving

s an

d w

aste

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es:

Vic

toria

n A

ssoc

of F

ores

t Ind

ustr

ies

and

Saw

mill

s32

.0%

32.0

%32

.0%

32.0

%32

.0%

32.0

%32

.0%

32.0

%32

.0%

32.0

%T

otal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Drie

d an

d dr

esse

d pr

oduc

ts s

trea

m (

dest

inat

ion

of d

ried

and

dres

sed

prod

ucts

)D

ry fr

amin

g%

Indu

stry

sou

rces

: V

icto

rian

Ass

oc o

f For

est I

ndus

trie

s an

d S

awm

ills

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

Fur

nitu

re%

Indu

stry

sou

rces

: V

icto

rian

Ass

oc o

f For

est I

ndus

trie

s an

d S

awm

ills

10.0

%10

.0%

10.0

%10

.0%

10.0

%10

.0%

10.0

%10

.0%

10.0

%10

.0%

Flo

orin

g an

d bo

ards

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es:

Vic

toria

n A

ssoc

of F

ores

t Ind

ustr

ies

and

Saw

mill

s40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%T

otal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Impo

rts

of b

road

leav

ed s

awnw

ood

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 3

1 Im

port

s of

saw

nwoo

d (s

um o

f bro

adle

aved

rou

ghsa

wn

and

dres

sed)

106

106

106

106

106

106

106

106

106

106

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n of

impo

rted

pro

duct

sD

ry fr

amin

g, fl

oorin

g an

d bo

ards

%S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

15

Im o

f dre

ssed

con

ifero

us. E

stim

ated

pro

port

ion

by c

ount

ry o

f orig

in.

port

s of

rou

ghsa

wn

coni

fero

us s

awnw

ood

and

18 Im

port

s10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%F

urni

ture

%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%G

reen

fram

ing

%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%P

alle

ts a

nd p

alin

gs%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Exp

orts

of b

road

leav

ed s

awnw

ood

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 3

1 E

xpor

ts o

f saw

nwoo

d (s

um o

f bro

adle

aved

rou

ghsa

wn

and

dres

sed)

2121

2121

2121

2121

2121


HA

RD

WO

OD

SA

WM

ILLI

NG

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n of

exp

orte

d pr

oduc

tsD

ry fr

amin

g, fl

oorin

g an

d bo

ards

%S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s,10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%F

urni

ture

% T

able

31

Ex

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n by

cou

ntry

of d

estin

atio

n.

port

s of

saw

nwoo

d.0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%G

reen

fram

ing

%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%P

alle

ts a

nd p

alin

gs%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

Dry

fram

ing,

floo

ring

and

boar

dspo

ol5

55

55

55

55

5F

urni

ture

pool

55

55

55

55

55

Gre

en fr

amin

gpo

ol5

55

55

55

55

5P

alle

ts a

nd p

alin

gspo

ol2

22

22

22

22

2

RA

W M

AT

ER

IAL

SS

awlo

g vo

lum

e m

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

48

Rou

ndw

ood

rem

oval

s (B

road

leav

ed s

aw a

nd v

enee

r lo

gs)

4,09

64,

096

4,09

64,

096

4,09

64,

096

4,09

64,

096

4,09

64,

096

PR

OD

UC

T F

RO

M O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SN

one

BY

-PR

OD

UC

TS

Saw

dust

, sh

avin

gs a

nd w

aste

m3

(000

’s)

1,14

41,

144

1,14

41,

144

1,14

41,

144

1,14

41,

144

1,14

41,

144

Car

bon

in b

y-pr

oduc

tstC

(00

0’s)

360

360

360

360

360

360

360

360

360

360

PR

OD

UC

TS

US

ED

IN O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SC

hips

for

pane

lm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0C

hips

for

expo

rtm

3 (0

00’s

)1,

047

1,04

71,

047

1,04

71,

047

1,04

71,

047

1,04

71,

047

1,04

7C

hips

for

hard

boar

dm

3 (0

00’s

)54

5454

5454

5454

5454

54C

hips

for

pulp

and

pap

erm

3 (0

00’s

)12

812

812

812

812

812

812

812

812

812

8

PR

OD

UC

TS

PR

OD

UC

ED

IN A

US

TR

AL

IAD

ry fr

amin

g, fl

oorin

g an

d bo

ards

m3

(000

’s)

620

620

620

620

620

620

620

620

620

620

Fur

nitu

rem

3 (0

00’s

)69

6969

6969

6969

6969

69G

reen

fram

ing

m3

(000

’s)

553

553

553

553

553

553

553

553

553

553

Pal

lets

and

pal

ings

m3

(000

’s)

276

276

276

276

276

276

276

276

276

276

chec

k su

m0

00

00

00

00

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Dry

fram

ing,

floo

ring

and

boar

dsbd

t (00

0’s)

391

391

391

391

391

391

391

391

391

391

Fur

nitu

rebd

t (00

0’s)

4343

4343

4343

4343

4343

Gre

en fr

amin

gbd

t (00

0’s)

348

348

348

348

348

348

348

348

348

348

Pal

lets

and

pal

ings

bdt (

000’

s)17

417

417

417

417

417

417

417

417

417

4


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

ND

ry fr

amin

g, fl

oorin

g an

d bo

ards

tC (

000’

s)5

195

195

195

195

195

195

195

195

195

195

Fur

nitu

retC

(00

0’s)

52

22

22

22

22

22

22

22

22

22

2G

reen

fram

ing

tC (

000’

s)5

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

Pal

lets

and

pal

ings

tC (

000’

s)2

87

87

87

87

87

87

87

87

87

87

IMP

OR

TS

Dry

fram

ing,

floo

ring

and

boar

dsm

3 (0

00’s

)10

610

610

610

610

610

610

610

610

610

6F

urni

ture

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Gre

en fr

amin

gm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0P

alle

ts a

nd p

alin

gsm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0

IMP

OR

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Dry

fram

ing,

floo

ring

and

boar

dsbd

t (00

0’s)

6767

6767

6767

6767

6767

Fur

nitu

rebd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Gre

en fr

amin

gbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Pal

lets

and

pal

ings

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0

IMP

OR

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

ND

ry fr

amin

g, fl

oorin

g an

d bo

ards

tC (

000’

s)5

33

33

33

33

33

33

33

33

33

33

Fur

nitu

retC

(00

0’s)

50

00

00

00

00

0G

reen

fram

ing

tC (

000’

s)5

00

00

00

00

00

Pal

lets

and

pal

ings

tC (

000’

s)2

00

00

00

00

00

EX

PO

RT

SD

ry fr

amin

g, fl

oorin

g an

d bo

ards

m3

(000

’s)

2121

2121

2121

2121

2121

Fur

nitu

rem

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0G

reen

fram

ing

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Pal

lets

and

pal

ings

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

EX

PO

RT

S IN

BO

NE

DR

Y T

ON

NE

SD

ry fr

amin

g, fl

oorin

g an

d bo

ards

bdt (

000’

s)13

1313

1313

1313

1313

13F

urni

ture

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0G

reen

fram

ing

bdt (

000’

s)

00

00

00

00

00

Pal

lets

and

pal

ings

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0

EX

PO

RT

S IN

TO

NN

ES

CA

RB

ON

Dry

fram

ing,

floo

ring

and

boar

dstC

(00

0’s)

57

77

77

77

77

7F

urni

ture

tC (

000’

s)5

00

00

00

00

00

Gre

en fr

amin

gtC

(00

0’s)

50

00

00

00

00

0P

alle

ts a

nd p

alin

gstC

(00

0’s)

20

00

00

00

00

0

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TIO

ND

ry fr

amin

g, fl

oorin

g an

d bo

ards

m3

(000

’s)

705

705

705

705

705

705

705

705

705

705

Fur

nitu

rem

3 (0

00’s

)70

569

6969

6969

6969

6969

Gre

en fr

amin

gm

3 (0

00’s

)55

355

355

355

355

355

355

355

355

355

3P

alle

ts a

nd p

alin

gsm

3 (0

00’s

) 27

627

627

627

627

627

627

627

627

627

6


HA

RD

WO

OD

SA

WM

ILLI

NG

-CT

D.

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Dry

fram

ing,

floo

ring

and

boar

dsbd

t (00

0’s)

444

444

444

444

444

444

444

444

444

444

Fur

nitu

rebd

t (00

0’s)

444

4343

4343

4343

4343

43G

reen

fram

ing

bdt (

000’

s)34

834

834

834

834

834

834

834

834

834

8P

alle

ts a

nd p

alin

gsbd

t (00

0’s)

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

ND

ry fr

amin

g, fl

oorin

g an

d bo

ards

tC (

000’

s)22

222

222

222

222

222

222

222

222

222

2F

urni

ture

tC (

000’

s)22

222

2222

2222

2222

2222

Gre

en fr

amin

gtC

(00

0’s)

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

174

Pal

lets

and

pal

ings

tC (

000’

s)87

8787

8787

8787

8787

87

IPC

C D

EF

AU

LT A

PP

RO

AC

HtC

(00

0’s)

Em

issi

ons

at h

arve

st tr

eate

d as

rel

ease

to a

tmos

pher

e83

983

983

983

983

983

983

983

983

983

9

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N A

PP

RO

AC

HN

et c

hang

e in

car

bon

stoc

ks in

the

fore

st a

nd w

ood

prod

ucts

poo

l acc

ount

ed fo

r in

cou

ntry

of p

rodu

ctio

n1

tC (

000’

s)in

clud

ing

carb

on in

was

te36

036

036

036

036

036

036

036

036

036

02

tC (

000’

s)87

8787

8787

8787

8787

873

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

04

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)39

139

139

139

139

139

139

139

139

139

1T

otal

tC (

000’

s)83

983

983

983

983

983

983

983

983

983

9

ST

OC

K C

HA

NG

E A

PP

RO

AC

H (

JPC

pre

ferr

ed)

Net

cha

nge

in c

arbo

n st

ocks

in th

e fo

rest

and

woo

d pr

oduc

ts p

ool a

ccou

nted

for

in c

ount

ry o

f con

sum

ptio

n1

tC (

000’

s)36

036

036

036

036

036

036

036

036

036

02

tC (

000’

s)87

8787

8787

8787

8787

873

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

04

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)41

841

841

841

841

841

841

841

841

841

8T

otal

tC (

000’

s)86

586

586

586

586

586

586

586

586

586

5

AT

MO

SP

HE

RIC

AP

PR

OA

CH

(no

t mod

elle

d)


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

MA

NU

FA

CT

UR

ING

AS

SU

MP

TIO

NS

Bas

ic d

ensi

tykg

/m3

CS

IRO

Div

isio

n of

For

est P

rodu

cts,

Tec

hnol

ogic

al P

aper

No.

13,

196

157

057

057

057

057

057

057

057

057

057

0

Car

bon

conv

ersi

on (

bdt t

o tC

)%

JPC

ass

umpt

ion

from

Gre

enho

use

Cha

lleng

e V

eget

atio

n S

inks

50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%

Saw

log

stre

am (

dest

inat

ion

of to

tal s

awlo

gs)

Gre

en s

awn

%C

ypre

ss d

ivis

ion

of Q

ueen

slan

d T

imbe

r B

oard

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

Sla

b w

aste

%R

esid

ue, s

ome

chip

ped,

som

e co

mpo

sted

42.8

%42

.8%

42.8

%42

.8%

42.8

%42

.8%

42.8

%42

.8%

42.8

%42

.8%

Chi

ps

%C

alcu

late

d fr

om M

DF

and

par

ticle

boar

d re

sidu

e re

quire

men

t3.

2%3.

2%3.

2%3.

2%3.

2%3.

2%3.

2%3.

2%3.

2%3.

2%S

awdu

st%

Cyp

ress

div

isio

n of

Que

ensl

and

Tim

ber

Boa

rd15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Gre

en s

awn

stre

am (

dest

inat

ion

of g

reen

saw

n m

ater

ial)

Dry

ing

and

dres

sing

%C

ypre

ss d

ivis

ion

of Q

ueen

slan

d T

imbe

r B

oard

60.0

%60

.0%

60.0

%60

.0%

60.0

%60

.0%

60.0

%60

.0%

60.0

%60

.0%

Gre

en fr

amin

g%

Cyp

ress

div

isio

n of

Que

ensl

and

Tim

ber

Boa

rd40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Dry

ing

and

dres

sing

str

eam

(de

stin

atio

n of

drie

d an

d dr

esse

d m

ater

ial)

Drie

d an

d dr

esse

d pr

oduc

ts%

Cyp

ress

div

isio

n of

Que

ensl

and

Tim

ber

Boa

rd73

.0%

73.0

%73

.0%

73.0

%73

.0%

73.0

%73

.0%

73.0

%73

.0%

73.0

%S

havi

ngs

and

was

te%

Cyp

ress

div

isio

n of

Que

ensl

and

Tim

ber

Boa

rd27

.0%

27.0

%27

.0%

27.0

%27

.0%

27.0

%27

.0%

27.0

%27

.0%

27.0

%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Drie

d an

d dr

esse

d pr

oduc

ts s

trea

m (

dest

inat

ion

of d

ried

and

dres

sed

prod

ucts

)F

loor

ing

and

boar

ds%

Cyp

ress

div

isio

n of

Que

ensl

and

Tim

ber

Boa

rd10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Wor

kboo

k 19

98


CY

PR

ES

S S

AW

MIL

LIN

G

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Chi

ps fo

r M

DF

m

3 (0

00’s

)10

1010

1010

1010

1010

10

PR

OD

UC

TS

PR

OD

UC

ED

IN A

US

TR

AL

IAD

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

m3

(000

’s)

5454

5454

5454

5454

5454

Gre

en fr

amin

gm

3 (0

00’s

)49

4949

4949

4949

4949

49

chec

k su

m0

00

00

00

00

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

sbd

t (00

0’s)

3131

3131

3131

3131

3131

Gre

en fr

amin

gbd

t (00

0’s)

2828

2828

2828

2828

2828

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

ND

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

tC (

000’

s)5

15

15

15

15

15

15

15

15

15

15

Gre

en fr

amin

gtC

(00

0’s)

51

41

41

41

41

41

41

41

41

41

40 0

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

spo

ol5

55

55

55

55

5G

reen

fram

ing

pool

55

55

55

55

55

0po

ol0

00

00

00

00

00

pool

00

00

00

00

00

RA

W M

AT

ER

IAL

SS

awlo

g vo

lum

e m

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: F

WP

RD

C31

531

531

531

531

531

531

531

531

531

5

PR

OD

UC

T F

RO

M O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SN

one

BY

-PR

OD

UC

TS

Saw

dust

, sh

avin

gs a

nd w

aste

m3

(000

’s)

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

202

Car

bon

in b

y-pr

oduc

tstC

(00

0’s)

5858

5858

5858

5858

5858

PR

OD

UC

TS

US

ED

IN O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

S


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

IMP

OR

TS

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

sm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0G

reen

fram

ing

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

IMP

OR

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

sbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Gre

en fr

amin

gbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

IMP

OR

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

ND

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

tC (

000’

s)5

00

00

00

00

00

Gre

en fr

amin

gtC

(00

0’s)

50

00

00

00

00

00 0

EX

PO

RT

SD

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Gre

en fr

amin

gm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0

EX

PO

RT

S IN

BO

NE

DR

Y T

ON

NE

SD

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0G

reen

fram

ing

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0

EX

PO

RT

S IN

TO

NN

ES

CA

RB

ON

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

stC

(00

0’s)

50

00

00

00

00

0G

reen

fram

ing

tC (

000’

s)5

00

00

00

00

00

0 0

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TIO

ND

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

m3

(000

’s)

5454

5454

5454

5454

5454

Gre

en fr

amin

gm

3 (0

00’s

)49

4949

4949

4949

4949

49

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Dre

ssed

pro

duct

sbd

t (00

0’s)

3131

3131

3131

3131

3131

Gre

en fr

amin

gbd

t (00

0’s)

2828

2828

2828

2828

2828

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

ND

ress

ed p

rodu

cts

tC (

000’

s)15

1515

1515

1515

1515

15G

reen

fram

ing

tC (

000’

s)14

1414

1414

1414

1414

14


CY

PR

ES

S S

AW

MIL

LIN

G-C

TD

.

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

IPC

C D

EF

AU

LT A

PP

RO

AC

HtC

(00

0’s)

Em

issi

ons

at h

arve

st tr

eate

d as

rel

ease

to a

tmos

pher

e87

8787

8787

8787

8787

87

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N A

PP

RO

AC

HN

et c

hang

e in

car

bon

stoc

ks in

the

fore

st a

nd w

ood

prod

ucts

poo

l acc

ount

ed fo

r in

cou

ntry

of p

rodu

ctio

n1

tC (

000’

s)in

clud

ing

carb

on in

was

te58

5858

5858

5858

5858

582

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

04

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)29

2929

2929

2929

2929

29T

otal

tC (

000’

s)87

8787

8787

8787

8787

87

ST

OC

K C

HA

NG

E A

PP

RO

AC

H (

JPC

pre

ferr

ed)

Net

cha

nge

in c

arbo

n st

ocks

in th

e fo

rest

and

woo

d pr

oduc

ts p

ool a

ccou

nted

for

in c

ount

ry o

f con

sum

ptio

n1

tC (

000’

s)58

5858

5858

5858

5858

582

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

04

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)29

2929

2929

2929

2929

29T

otal

tC (

000’

s)87

8787

8787

8787

8787

87

AT

MO

SP

HE

RIC

AP

PR

OA

CH

(no

t mod

elle

d)


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

MA

NU

FA

CT

UR

ING

AS

SU

MP

TIO

NS

Bas

ic d

ensi

tykg

/m3

CS

IRO

Div

isio

n of

For

est P

rodu

cts,

Tec

hnol

ogic

al P

aper

No.

13,

196

141

541

541

541

541

541

541

541

541

541

5

Car

bon

conv

ersi

on (

bdt t

o tC

)%

JPC

ass

umpt

ion

from

Gre

enho

use

Cha

lleng

e V

eget

atio

n S

inks

Wor

kboo

k 19

9850

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%

Sha

ping

and

dry

ing

stre

am (

dest

inat

ion

of to

tal r

ound

woo

d)P

rese

rvat

ive

trea

tmen

t%

Indu

stry

sou

rces

, unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

in n

ext 3

yea

rs85

.0%

85.0

%85

.0%

85.0

%85

.0%

85.0

%85

.0%

85.0

%85

.0%

85.0

%S

havi

ngs

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e in

nex

t 3 y

ears

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Pre

serv

ativ

e tr

eate

d pr

oduc

ts s

trea

m (

dest

inat

ion

of p

rese

rvat

ive

trea

ted

prod

ucts

)P

oles

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e in

nex

t 3 y

ears

3.0%

3.0%

3.0%

3.0%

3.0%

3.0%

3.0%

3.0%

3.0%

3.0%

Rou

ndw

ood

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e in

nex

t 3 y

ears

42.0

%42

.0%

42.0

%42

.0%

42.0

%42

.0%

42.0

%42

.0%

42.0

%42

.0%

Saw

n st

ruct

ural

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e in

nex

t 3 y

ears

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

Dec

king

/pal

ings

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e in

nex

t 3 y

ears

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n of

impo

rted

pro

duct

sS

awn

stru

ctur

al%

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 1

4 an

d 17

. E

stim

ated

pro

port

ion

by c

ount

ry o

f orig

in.

60.0

%60

.0%

60.0

%60

.0%

60.0

%60

.0%

60.0

%60

.0%

60.0

%60

.0%

Dec

king

/pal

ings

%S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

14

and

17.

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n by

cou

ntry

of o

rigin

.40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Impo

rts

of c

onife

rous

pre

serv

atio

n m

ater

ial

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

Tim

ber

Pre

serv

ers

Ass

oici

atio

n of

Aus

tral

ia10

210

210

210

210

210

210

210

210

210

2


PR

ES

ER

VAT

IVE

TR

EAT

ED

SO

FT

WO

OD

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Car

bon

in b

y-pr

oduc

tstC

(00

0’s)

1414

1414

1414

1414

1414

PR

OD

UC

TS

US

ED

IN O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SN

one

PR

OD

UC

TS

PR

OD

UC

ED

IN A

US

TR

AL

IAP

oles

m3

(000

’s)

2929

2929

2929

2929

2929

Rou

ndw

ood

m3

(000

’s)

405

405

405

405

405

405

405

405

405

405

Saw

n st

ruct

ural

m3

(000

’s)

145

145

145

145

145

145

145

145

145

145

Dec

king

/pal

ings

m3

(000

’s)

385

385

385

385

385

385

385

385

385

385

chec

k su

m0

00

00

00

00

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Pol

esbd

t (00

0’s)

1212

1212

1212

1212

1212

Rou

ndw

ood

bdt (

000’

s)16

816

816

816

816

816

816

816

816

816

8S

awn

stru

ctur

albd

t (00

0’s)

6060

6060

6060

6060

6060

Dec

king

/pal

ings

bdt (

000’

s)16

016

016

016

016

016

016

016

016

016

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NP

oles

tC (

000’

s)4

66

66

66

66

66

Rou

ndw

ood

tC (

000’

s)4

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

84

Saw

n st

ruct

ural

tC (

000’

s)5

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

30

Dec

king

/pal

ings

tC (

000’

s)3

80

80

80

80

80

80

80

80

80

80

IMP

OR

TS

Pol

esm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0R

ound

woo

dm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0S

awn

stru

ctur

alm

3 (0

00’s

)61

6161

6161

6161

6161

61D

ecki

ng/p

alin

gsm

3 (0

00’s

)41

4141

4141

4141

4141

41

IMP

OR

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Pol

esbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Rou

ndw

ood

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0S

awn

stru

ctur

albd

t (00

0’s)

2525

2525

2525

2525

2525

Dec

king

/pal

ings

bdt (

000’

s)17

1717

1717

1717

1717

17

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

Pol

espo

ol4

44

44

44

44

4R

ound

woo

dpo

ol4

44

44

44

44

4S

awn

stru

ctur

alpo

ol5

55

55

55

55

5D

ecki

ng/p

alin

gspo

ol3

33

33

33

33

3

RA

W M

AT

ER

IAL

SS

oftw

ood

roun

dwoo

d vo

lum

e m

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

48

Rou

ndw

ood

rem

oval

s (C

onife

rous

oth

er)

460

460

460

460

460

460

460

460

460

460

PR

OD

UC

T F

RO

M O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SS

awn

timbe

r fr

om s

awm

illin

gm

3 (0

00’s

)R

efer

Sof

twoo

d S

awm

illin

g w

orks

heet

572

572

572

572

572

572

572

572

572

572

Impo

rted

pre

serv

ativ

e tr

eate

d tim

ber

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

Tim

ber

Pre

serv

ers

Ass

oici

atio

n of

Aus

tral

ia10

210

210

210

210

210

210

210

210

210

2

BY

-PR

OD

UC

TS

Saw

dust

, sh

avin

gs a

nd w

aste

m3

(000

’s)

6969

6969

6969

6969

6969


Units Notes 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Roundwood bdt (000’s) 168 168 168 168 168 168 168 168 168 168Sawn structural bdt (000’s) 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85 85Decking/palings bdt (000’s) 177 177 177 177 177 177 177 177 177 177

IMPORTS IN TONNES CARBONPoles tC (000’s) 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Roundwood tC (000’s) 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Sawn structural tC (000’s) 5 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13Decking/palings tC (000’s) 3 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

EXPORTSPoles m3 (000’s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Roundwood m3 (000’s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Sawn structural m3 (000’s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Decking/palings m3 (000’s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EXPORTS IN BONE DRY TONNESPoles bdt (000’s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Roundwood bdt (000’s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Sawn structural bdt (000’s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Decking/palings bdt (000’s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EXPORTS IN TONNES CARBONPoles tC (000’s) 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Roundwood tC (000’s) 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Sawn structural tC (000’s) 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Decking/palings tC (000’s) 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL DOMESTIC PRODUCTIONPoles m3 (000’s) 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29 29Roundwood m3 (000’s) 405 405 405 405 405 405 405 405 405 405Sawn structural m3 (000’s) 206 206 206 206 206 206 206 206 206 206Decking/palings m3 (000’s) 426 426 426 426 426 426 426 426 426 426

TOTAL DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION IN BONE DRY TONNESPoles bdt (000’s) 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12 12

Australian G

reenhouse Office

48 PRESERVATIVE TREATED SOFTWOOD-CTD

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NP

oles

tC (

000’

s)6

66

66

66

66

6R

ound

woo

dtC

(00

0’s)

8484

8484

8484

8484

8484

Saw

n st

ruct

ural

tC (

000’

s)43

4343

4343

4343

4343

43D

ecki

ng/p

alin

gstC

(00

0’s)

8888

8888

8888

8888

8888

IPC

C D

EF

AU

LT A

PP

RO

AC

HtC

(00

0’s)

Em

issi

ons

at h

arve

st tr

eate

d as

rel

ease

to a

tmos

pher

e21

421

421

421

421

421

421

421

421

421

4

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N A

PP

RO

AC

HN

et c

hang

e in

car

bon

stoc

ks in

the

fore

st a

nd w

ood

prod

ucts

poo

l acc

ount

ed fo

r in

cou

ntry

of p

rodu

ctio

n1

tC (

000’

s)in

clud

ing

carb

on in

was

te14

1414

1414

1414

1414

142

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)80

8080

8080

8080

8080

804

tC (

000’

s)90

9090

9090

9090

9090

905

tC (

000’

s)30

3030

3030

3030

3030

30T

otal

tC (

000’

s)21

421

421

421

421

421

421

421

421

421

4

ST

OC

K C

HA

NG

E A

PP

RO

AC

H (

JPC

pre

ferr

ed)

Net

cha

nge

in c

arbo

n st

ocks

in th

e fo

rest

and

woo

d pr

oduc

ts p

ool a

ccou

nted

for

in c

ount

ry o

f con

sum

ptio

n1

tC (

000’

s)14

1414

1414

1414

1414

142

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)88

8888

8888

8888

8888

884

tC (

000’

s)90

9090

9090

9090

9090

905

tC (

000’

s)43

4343

4343

4343

4343

43T

otal

tC (

000’

s)23

523

523

523

523

523

523

523

523

523

5

AT

MO

SP

HE

RIC

AP

PR

OA

CH

(no

t mod

elle

d)


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

MA

NU

FA

CT

UR

ING

AS

SU

MP

TIO

NS

Bas

ic d

ensi

tykg

/m3

CS

IRO

Div

isio

n of

For

est P

rodu

cts,

Tec

hnol

ogic

al P

aper

No.

13,

196

1 an

dal

low

ance

for

com

pres

sion

and

shr

inka

ge.

540

540

540

540

540

540

540

540

540

540

Car

bon

conv

ersi

on (

bdt t

o tC

)%

JPC

ass

umpt

ion

from

Gre

enho

use

Cha

lleng

e V

eget

atio

n S

inks

50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%

Ven

eer

and

plym

ill s

trea

m (

dest

inat

ion

of lo

gs)

Ply

woo

d%

Ply

woo

d A

ssoc

iatio

n of

Aus

tral

ia, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e in

nex

t 3 y

ears

47.0

%47

.0%

47.0

%47

.0%

47.0

%47

.0%

47.0

%47

.0%

47.0

%47

.0%

Rou

ndup

, clip

ping

s, c

ore,

trim

%P

lyw

ood

Ass

ocia

tion

of A

ustr

alia

, unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

in n

ext 3

yea

rs39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%S

hrin

kage

and

com

pres

sion

%P

lyw

ood

Ass

ocia

tion

of A

ustr

alia

, unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

in n

ext 3

yea

rs14

.0%

14.0

%14

.0%

14.0

%14

.0%

14.0

%14

.0%

14.0

%14

.0%

14.0

%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Ply

woo

d pr

oduc

ts s

trea

m (

dest

inat

ion

of p

lyw

ood)

For

mbo

ard

%P

lyw

ood

Ass

ocia

tion

of A

ustr

alia

, unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

in n

ext 3

yea

rs21

.0%

21.0

%21

.0%

21.0

%21

.0%

21.0

%21

.0%

21.0

%21

.0%

21.0

%S

truc

tura

l, LV

L, b

raci

ng%

Ply

woo

d A

ssoc

iatio

n of

Aus

tral

ia, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e in

nex

t 3 y

ears

70.0

%70

.0%

70.0

%70

.0%

70.0

%70

.0%

70.0

%70

.0%

70.0

%70

.0%

Oth

er (

nois

e ba

rrie

rs)

%P

lyw

ood

Ass

ocia

tion

of A

ustr

alia

, unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

in n

ext 3

yea

rs9.

0%9.

0%9.

0%9.

0%9.

0%9.

0%9.

0%9.

0%9.

0%9.

0%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Ply

woo

d pr

oduc

tion

000

m3

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics

Tab

le 2

(pl

ywoo

d)17

0.0

170.

017

0.0

170.

017

0.0

170.

017

0.0

170.

017

0.0

170.

0

Impo

rts

of p

lyw

ood

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 2

3 Im

port

s of

ply

woo

d (T

otal

ply

woo

d)89

8989

8989

8989

8989

89

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n of

impo

rted

pro

duct

sF

orm

boar

d%

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 2

3 Im

port

s of

ply

woo

d.

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n by

cou

ntry

of o

rigin

.

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n by

cou

ntry

of d

estin

atio

n.

13.0

%13

.0%

13.0

%13

.0%

13.0

%13

.0%

13.0

%13

.0%

13.0

%13

.0%

Str

uctu

ral,

LVL,

bra

cing

%75

.0%

75.0

%75

.0%

75.0

%75

.0%

75.0

%75

.0%

75.0

%75

.0%

75.0

%O

ther

(no

ise

barr

iers

)%

12.0

%12

.0%

12.0

%12

.0%

12.0

%12

.0%

12.0

%12

.0%

12.0

%12

.0%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Exp

orts

of p

lyw

ood

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 3

6 E

xpor

ts o

f ply

woo

d (t

otal

)

Tab

le 3

6 E

xpor

ts o

f ply

woo

d (t

otal

)

22

22

22

22

22

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n of

exp

orte

d pr

oduc

tsF

orm

boar

d%

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Str

uctu

ral,

LVL,

bra

cing

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%O

ther

(no

ise

barr

iers

)%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Wor

kboo

k 19

98


PLY

WO

OD

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N

Car

bon

in b

y-pr

oduc

tstC

(00

0’s)

3838

3838

3838

3838

3838

PR

OD

UC

TS

US

ED

IN O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SN

one

PR

OD

UC

TS

PR

OD

UC

ED

IN A

US

TR

AL

IAF

orm

boar

dm

3 (0

00’s

)36

3636

3636

3636

3636

36S

truc

tura

l, LV

L, b

raci

ngm

3 (0

00’s

)11

911

911

911

911

911

911

911

911

911

9O

ther

(no

ise

barr

iers

)m

3 (0

00’s

)15

1515

1515

1515

1515

15

chec

k su

m0

00

00

00

00

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

For

mbo

ard

bdt (

000’

s)19

1919

1919

1919

1919

19S

truc

tura

l, LV

L, b

raci

ngbd

t (00

0’s)

6464

6464

6464

6464

6464

Oth

er (

nois

e ba

rrie

rs)

bdt (

000’

s)8

88

88

88

88

8

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NF

orm

boar

dtC

(00

0’s)

11

01

01

01

01

01

01

01

01

01

0S

truc

tura

l, LV

L, b

raci

ngtC

(00

0’s)

53

23

23

23

23

23

23

23

23

23

2O

ther

(no

ise

barr

iers

)tC

(00

0’s)

34

44

44

44

44

40

IMP

OR

TS

For

mbo

ard

m3

(000

’s)

1212

1212

1212

1212

1212

Str

uctu

ral,

LVL,

bra

cing

m3

(000

’s)

6767

6767

6767

6767

6767

Oth

er (

nois

e ba

rrie

rs)

m3

(000

’s)

1111

1111

1111

1111

1111

IMP

OR

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

For

mbo

ard

bdt (

000’

s)6

66

66

66

66

6S

truc

tura

l, LV

L, b

raci

ngbd

t (00

0’s)

3636

3636

3636

3636

3636

Oth

er (

nois

e ba

rrie

rs)

bdt (

000’

s)6

66

66

66

66

6

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

For

mbo

ard

pool

11

11

11

11

11

Str

uctu

ral,

LVL,

bra

cing

pool

55

55

55

55

55

Oth

er (

nois

e ba

rrie

rs)

pool

33

33

33

33

33

0po

ol0

00

00

00

00

0

RA

W M

AT

ER

IAL

SR

ound

woo

d vo

lum

e m

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: c

alcu

late

d fr

om a

bove

362

362

362

362

362

362

362

362

362

362

PR

OD

UC

T F

RO

M O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SN

one

BY

-PR

OD

UC

TS

Saw

dust

, sh

avin

gs a

nd w

aste

m3

(000

’s)

141

141

141

141

141

141

141

141

141

141

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Str

uctu

ral,

LVL,

bra

cing

bdt (

000’

s)99

9999

9999

9999

9999

99O

ther

(no

ise

barr

iers

)bd

t (00

0’s)

1414

1414

1414

1414

1414

IMP

OR

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NF

orm

boar

dtC

(00

0’s)

13

33

33

33

33

3S

truc

tura

l, LV

L, b

raci

ngtC

(00

0’s)

51

81

81

81

81

81

81

81

81

81

8O

ther

(no

ise

barr

iers

)tC

(00

0’s)

33

33

33

33

33

30

EX

PO

RT

SF

orm

boar

dm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0S

truc

tura

l, LV

L, b

raci

ngm

3 (0

00’s

)2

22

22

22

22

2O

ther

(no

ise

barr

iers

)m

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0

EX

PO

RT

S IN

BO

NE

DR

Y T

ON

NE

SF

orm

boar

dbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Str

uctu

ral,

LVL,

bra

cing

bdt (

000’

s)1

11

11

11

11

1O

ther

(no

ise

barr

iers

)bd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

EX

PO

RT

S IN

TO

NN

ES

CA

RB

ON

For

mbo

ard

tC (

000’

s)1

00

00

00

00

00

Str

uctu

ral,

LVL,

bra

cing

tC (

000’

s)5

11

11

11

11

11

Oth

er (

nois

e ba

rrie

rs)

tC (

000’

s)3

00

00

00

00

00

0

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TIO

NF

orm

boar

dm

3 (0

00’s

)47

4747

4747

4747

4747

47S

truc

tura

l, LV

L, b

raci

ngm

3 (0

00’s

)18

418

418

418

418

418

418

418

418

418

4O

ther

(no

ise

barr

iers

)m

3 (0

00’s

)26

2626

2626

2626

2626

26

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

For

mbo

ard

bdt (

000’

s)26

2626

2626

2626

2626

26


PLY

WO

OD

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N-C

TD

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NF

orm

boar

dtC

(00

0’s)

1313

1313

1313

1313

1313

Str

uctu

ral,

LVL,

bra

cing

tC (

000’

s)50

5050

5050

5050

5050

50O

ther

(no

ise

barr

iers

)tC

(00

0’s)

77

77

77

77

77

IPC

C D

EF

AU

LT A

PP

RO

AC

HtC

(00

0’s)

Em

issi

ons

at h

arve

st tr

eate

d as

rel

ease

to a

tmos

pher

e84

8484

8484

8484

8484

84

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N A

PP

RO

AC

HN

et c

hang

e in

car

bon

stoc

ks in

the

fore

st a

nd w

ood

prod

ucts

poo

l acc

ount

ed fo

r in

cou

ntry

of p

rodu

ctio

n1

tC (

000’

s)in

clud

ing

carb

on in

was

te48

4848

4848

4848

4848

482

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)4

44

44

44

44

44

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)32

3232

3232

3232

3232

32T

otal

tC (

000’

s)84

8484

8484

8484

8484

84

ST

OC

K C

HA

NG

E A

PP

RO

AC

H (

JPC

pre

ferr

ed)

Net

cha

nge

in c

arbo

n st

ocks

in th

e fo

rest

and

woo

d pr

oduc

ts p

ool a

ccou

nted

for

in c

ount

ry o

f con

sum

ptio

n1

tC (

000’

s)51

5151

5151

5151

5151

512

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)7

77

77

77

77

74

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)50

5050

5050

5050

5050

50T

otal

tC (

000’

s)10

710

710

710

710

710

710

710

710

710

7

AT

MO

SP

HE

RIC

AP

PR

OA

CH

(no

t mod

elle

d)


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

MA

NU

FA

CT

UR

ING

AS

SU

MP

TIO

NS

Bas

ic d

ensi

tykg

/m3

Jaak

ko P

yry

Con

sulti

ng -

bas

ic d

ensi

ty o

f pro

duct

less

res

in a

fter

com

pres

sion

, air

dry

dens

ity c

onve

rted

to o

ven

dry

dens

ity.

520

520

520

520

520

520

520

520

520

520

Car

bon

conv

ersi

on (

bdt t

o tC

)%

JPC

ass

umpt

ion

from

Gre

enho

use

Cha

lleng

e V

eget

atio

n S

inks

Wor

kboo

k 19

9840

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%

Pro

duct

str

eam

(de

stin

atio

n of

raw

mat

eria

l)P

anel

pro

duct

ion

%A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

71.0

%71

.0%

71.0

%71

.0%

71.0

%71

.0%

71.0

%71

.0%

71.0

%71

.0%

San

der

dust

%A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

Shr

inka

ge a

nd c

ompr

essi

on%

Aus

tral

ian

Woo

d P

anel

s A

ssoc

iatio

n, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs18

.0%

18.0

%18

.0%

18.0

%18

.0%

18.0

%18

.0%

18.0

%18

.0%

18.0

%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Pan

el s

trea

m (

dest

inat

ion

of p

anel

s)F

loor

ing

and

linin

g%

Aus

tral

ian

Woo

d P

anel

s A

ssoc

iatio

n, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs19

.0%

19.0

%19

.0%

19.0

%19

.0%

19.0

%19

.0%

19.0

%19

.0%

19.0

%K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

%A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

37.0

%37

.0%

37.0

%37

.0%

37.0

%37

.0%

37.0

%37

.0%

37.0

%37

.0%

Fur

nitu

re%

Aus

tral

ian

Woo

d P

anel

s A

ssoc

iatio

n, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs34

.0%

34.0

%34

.0%

34.0

%34

.0%

34.0

%34

.0%

34.0

%34

.0%

34.0

%S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

%A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

10.0

%10

.0%

10.0

%10

.0%

10.0

%10

.0%

10.0

%10

.0%

10.0

%10

.0%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Logs

rem

oved

(P

ulpl

og fo

r pa

nel p

rodu

ctio

n)m

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

48

Rou

ndw

ood

rem

oval

s (C

onife

rous

pul

pwoo

d fo

r w

ood

base

d pa

nels

)

Tab

le 2

4 Im

port

s of

boa

rd p

rodu

cts

(Tot

al p

artic

lebo

ard)

Tab

le 2

4 Im

port

s of

boa

rd p

rodu

cts

(Tot

al p

artic

lebo

ard)

1,32

51,

325

1,32

51,

325

1,32

51,

325

1,32

51,

325

1,32

51,

325

Pro

port

ion

of p

ulpw

ood

logs

use

d by

pan

el in

dust

ries

Par

ticle

boar

d%

Aus

tral

ian

Woo

d P

anel

s A

ssoc

iatio

n, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs61

.0%

61.0

%61

.0%

61.0

%61

.0%

61.0

%61

.0%

61.0

%61

.0%

61.0

%M

DF

%A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

39%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%to

tal

%10

0%10

0%10

0%10

0%10

0%10

0%10

0%10

0%10

0%10

0%

Impo

rts

of p

artic

lebo

ard

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

17

1717

1717

1717

1717

17

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n of

impo

rted

pro

duct

sF

loor

ing

and

linin

g%

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 2

4 Im

port

s of

boa

rd p

rodu

cts

(Tot

al p

artic

lebo

ard)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 2

4 Im

port

s of

boa

rd p

rodu

cts

(Tot

al p

artic

lebo

ard)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 2

4 Im

port

s of

boa

rd p

rodu

cts

(Tot

al p

artic

lebo

ard)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

s%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

Fur

nitu

re%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

c%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Exp

orts

of p

artic

lebo

ard

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 3

7 E

xpor

ts o

f boa

rd p

rodu

cts

(Tot

al p

artic

lebo

ard)

6161

6161

6161

6161

6161

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n of

exp

orte

d pr

oduc

tsF

loor

ing

and

linin

g%

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 3

7 E

xpor

ts o

f boa

rd p

rodu

cts.

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n.0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%0.

0%K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

%S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

37

Exp

orts

of b

oard

pro

duct

s. E

stim

ated

pro

port

ion.

57.0

%57

.0%

57.0

%57

.0%

57.0

%57

.0%

57.0

%57

.0%

57.0

%57

.0%

Fur

nitu

re%

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 3

7 E

xpor

ts o

f boa

rd p

rodu

cts.

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n.43

.0%

43.0

%43

.0%

43.0

%43

.0%

43.0

%43

.0%

43.0

%43

.0%

43.0

%S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

%S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

37

Exp

orts

of b

oard

pro

duct

s. E

stim

ated

pro

port

ion.

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

tota

l%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%


PAR

TIC

LEB

OA

RD

Car

bon

in b

y-pr

oduc

tstC

(00

0’s)

3030

3030

3030

3030

3030

PR

OD

UC

TS

US

ED

IN O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

S

PR

OD

UC

TS

PR

OD

UC

ED

IN A

US

TR

AL

IAF

loor

ing

and

linin

gm

3 (0

00’s

)17

717

717

717

717

717

717

717

717

717

7K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

m3

(000

’s)

345

345

345

345

345

345

345

345

345

345

Fur

nitu

rem

3 (0

00’s

)31

731

731

731

731

731

731

731

731

731

7S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

m3

(000

’s)

9393

9393

9393

9393

9393

chec

k su

m0

00

00

00

00

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Flo

orin

g an

d lin

ing

bdt (

000’

s)92

9292

9292

9292

9292

92K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

bdt (

000’

s)17

917

917

917

917

917

917

917

917

917

9F

urni

ture

bdt (

000’

s)16

516

516

516

516

516

516

516

516

516

5S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

bdt (

000’

s)48

4848

4848

4848

4848

48

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NF

loor

ing

and

linin

gtC

(00

0’s)

53

73

73

73

73

73

73

73

73

73

7K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

tC (

000’

s)3

72

72

72

72

72

72

72

72

72

72

Fur

nitu

retC

(00

0’s)

36

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

66

6S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

tC (

000’

s)2

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

19

IMP

OR

TS

Flo

orin

g an

d lin

ing

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

sm

3 (0

00’s

)9

99

99

99

99

9F

urni

ture

m3

(000

’s)

99

99

99

99

99

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

cm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0

IMP

OR

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Flo

orin

g an

d lin

ing

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

bdt (

000’

s)4

44

44

44

44

4F

urni

ture

bdt (

000’

s)4

44

44

44

44

4S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

Flo

orin

g an

d lin

ing

pool

55

55

55

55

55

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

spo

ol3

33

33

33

33

3F

urni

ture

pool

33

33

33

33

33

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

cpo

ol2

22

22

22

22

2

RA

W M

AT

ER

IAL

SP

ulpl

og v

olum

e m

3 (0

00’s

)80

880

880

880

880

880

880

880

880

880

8

PR

OD

UC

T F

RO

M O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SS

oftw

ood

saw

log

chip

s m

3 (0

00’s

)A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

505

505

505

505

505

505

505

505

505

505

Cyp

ress

saw

log

chip

s m

3 (0

00’s

)A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

00

00

00

00

00

BY

-PR

OD

UC

TS

Saw

dust

, sh

avin

gs a

nd w

aste

m3

(000

’s)

144

144

144

144

144

144

144

144

144

144

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


Fur

nitu

rebd

t (00

0’s)

156

156

156

156

156

156

156

156

156

156

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

cbd

t (00

0’s)

4848

4848

4848

4848

4848

IMP

OR

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NF

loor

ing

and

linin

gtC

(00

0’s)

50

00

00

00

00

0K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

tC (

000’

s)3

22

22

22

22

22

Fur

nitu

retC

(00

0’s)

32

22

22

22

22

2S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

tC (

000’

s)2

00

00

00

00

00

EX

PO

RT

SF

loor

ing

and

linin

gm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

m3

(000

’s)

3535

3535

3535

3535

3535

Fur

nitu

rem

3 (0

00’s

)26

2626

2626

2626

2626

26S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

EX

PO

RT

S IN

BO

NE

DR

Y T

ON

NE

SF

loor

ing

and

linin

gbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

sbd

t (00

0’s)

1818

1818

1818

1818

1818

Fur

nitu

rebd

t (00

0’s)

1414

1414

1414

1414

1414

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

cbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

EX

PO

RT

S IN

TO

NN

ES

CA

RB

ON

Flo

orin

g an

d lin

ing

tC (

000’

s)5

00

00

00

00

00

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

stC

(00

0’s)

37

77

77

77

77

7F

urni

ture

tC (

000’

s)3

55

55

55

55

55

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

ctC

(00

0’s)

20

00

00

00

00

0

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TIO

NF

loor

ing

and

linin

gm

3 (0

00’s

)17

717

717

717

717

717

717

717

717

717

7K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

m3

(000

’s)

319

319

319

319

319

319

319

319

319

319

Fur

nitu

rem

3 (0

00’s

)29

929

929

929

929

929

929

929

929

929

9S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

m3

(000

’s)

9393

9393

9393

9393

9393

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Flo

orin

g an

d lin

ing

bdt (

000’

s)92

9292

9292

9292

9292

92K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

bdt (

000’

s)16

616

616

616

616

616

616

616

616

616

6

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


PAR

TIC

LEB

OA

RD

-CT

D

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NF

loor

ing

and

linin

gtC

(00

0’s)

3737

3737

3737

3737

3737

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

stC

(00

0’s)

6666

6666

6666

6666

6666

Fur

nitu

retC

(00

0’s)

6262

6262

6262

6262

6262

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

ctC

(00

0’s)

1919

1919

1919

1919

1919

IPC

C D

EF

AU

LT A

PP

RO

AC

HtC

(00

0’s)

Em

issi

ons

at h

arve

st tr

eate

d as

rel

ease

to a

tmos

pher

e22

422

422

422

422

422

422

422

422

422

4

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N A

PP

RO

AC

HN

et c

hang

e in

car

bon

stoc

ks in

the

fore

st a

nd w

ood

prod

ucts

poo

l acc

ount

ed fo

r in

cou

ntry

of p

rodu

ctio

n1

tC (

000’

s)in

clud

ing

carb

on in

was

te30

3030

3030

3030

3030

302

tC (

000’

s)19

1919

1919

1919

1919

193

tC (

000’

s)13

813

813

813

813

813

813

813

813

813

84

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)37

3737

3737

3737

3737

37T

otal

tC (

000’

s)22

422

422

422

422

422

422

422

422

422

4

ST

OC

K C

HA

NG

E A

PP

RO

AC

H (

JPC

pre

ferr

ed)

Net

cha

nge

in c

arbo

n st

ocks

in th

e fo

rest

and

woo

d pr

oduc

ts p

ool a

ccou

nted

for

in c

ount

ry o

f con

sum

ptio

n1

tC (

000’

s)30

3030

3030

3030

3030

302

tC (

000’

s)19

1919

1919

1919

1919

193

tC (

000’

s)12

912

912

912

912

912

912

912

912

912

94

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)37

3737

3737

3737

3737

37T

otal

tC (

000’

s)21

521

521

521

521

521

521

521

521

521

5

AT

MO

SP

HE

RIC

AP

PR

OA

CH

(no

t mod

elle

d)

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

MA

NU

FA

CT

UR

ING

AS

SU

MP

TIO

NS

Bas

ic d

ensi

tykg

/m3

Aus

tral

ian

Woo

d P

anel

s A

ssoc

iatio

n, A

ir dr

y de

nsity

was

cha

nged

to o

ven

dry

dens

ity, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs.

600

600

600

600

600

600

600

600

600

600

Car

bon

conv

ersi

on (

bdt t

o tC

)%

JPC

ass

umpt

ion

from

Gre

enho

use

Cha

lleng

e V

eget

atio

n S

inks

40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%40

.0%

40.0

%

Pro

duct

str

eam

(de

stin

atio

n of

raw

mat

eria

l)P

anel

pro

duct

ion

%A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

63.0

%63

.0%

63.0

%63

.0%

63.0

%63

.0%

63.0

%63

.0%

63.0

%63

.0%

San

der

dust

%A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

11.0

%11

.0%

Shr

inka

ge a

nd c

ompr

essi

on%

Aus

tral

ian

Woo

d P

anel

s A

ssoc

iatio

n, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs26

.0%

26.0

%26

.0%

26.0

%26

.0%

26.0

%26

.0%

26.0

%26

.0%

26.0

%T

otal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Pan

el s

trea

m (

dest

inat

ion

of p

anel

s)F

loor

ing

and

linin

g%

Aus

tral

ian

Woo

d P

anel

s A

ssoc

iatio

n, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs14

.0%

14.0

%14

.0%

14.0

%14

.0%

14.0

%14

.0%

14.0

%14

.0%

14.0

%K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

%A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

45.0

%45

.0%

45.0

%45

.0%

45.0

%45

.0%

45.0

%45

.0%

45.0

%45

.0%

Fur

nitu

re%

Aus

tral

ian

Woo

d P

anel

s A

ssoc

iatio

n, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs23

.0%

23.0

%23

.0%

23.0

%23

.0%

23.0

%23

.0%

23.0

%23

.0%

23.0

%S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

%A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

18.0

%18

.0%

18.0

%18

.0%

18.0

%18

.0%

18.0

%18

.0%

18.0

%18

.0%

Tot

al%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Logs

rem

oved

(P

ulpl

og fo

r pa

nel p

rodu

ctio

n)m

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

48

Rou

ndw

ood

rem

oval

s (

Con

ifero

us p

ulpw

ood

for

woo

d ba

sed

pane

ls)

1,32

51,

325

1,32

51,

325

1,32

51,

325

1,32

51,

325

1,32

51,

325

Pro

port

ion

of p

ulpw

ood

logs

use

d by

pan

el in

dust

ries

Par

ticle

boar

d%

Aus

tral

ian

Woo

d P

anel

s A

ssoc

iatio

n, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs61

.0%

61.0

%61

.0%

61.0

%61

.0%

61.0

%61

.0%

61.0

%61

.0%

61.0

%M

DF

%A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

39.0

%39

.0%

Tot

al%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Impo

rts

of M

DF

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 2

4 Im

port

s of

boa

rd

prod

ucts

. (T

otal

MD

F)

prod

ucts

. (T

otal

par

ticle

boar

d)

prod

ucts

. Est

imat

ed b

y co

untr

y of

orig

in.

prod

ucts

. Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n.

7777

7777

7777

7777

7777

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n of

impo

rted

pro

duct

sF

loor

ing

and

linin

g%

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 2

4 Im

port

s of

boa

rd

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

s%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

Fur

nitu

re%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

c%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Tot

al%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Exp

orts

of M

DF

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 3

7 E

xpor

ts o

f boa

rd

139

139

139

139

139

139

139

139

139

139

Est

imat

ed p

ropo

rtio

n of

exp

orte

d pr

oduc

tsF

loor

ing

and

linin

g%

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 3

7 E

xpor

ts o

f boa

rd

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

s%

57.0

%57

.0%

57.0

%57

.0%

57.0

%57

.0%

57.0

%57

.0%

57.0

%57

.0%

Fur

nitu

re%

43.0

%43

.0%

43.0

%43

.0%

43.0

%43

.0%

43.0

%43

.0%

43.0

%43

.0%

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

c%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

0.0%

Tot

al%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

Wor

kboo

k 19

98


MD

F

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Car

bon

in b

y-pr

oduc

tstC

(00

0’s)

2222

2222

2222

2222

2222

PR

OD

UC

TS

US

ED

IN O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

S

PR

OD

UC

TS

PR

OD

UC

ED

IN A

US

TR

AL

IAF

loor

ing

and

linin

gm

3 (0

00’s

)75

7575

7575

7575

7575

75K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

m3

(000

’s)

239

239

239

239

239

239

239

239

239

239

Fur

nitu

rem

3 (0

00’s

)12

212

212

212

212

212

212

212

212

212

2S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

m3

(000

’s)

9696

9696

9696

9696

9696

chec

k su

m0

00

00

00

00

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Flo

orin

g an

d lin

ing

bdt (

000’

s)45

4545

4545

4545

4545

45K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

bdt (

000’

s)14

414

414

414

414

414

414

414

414

414

4F

urni

ture

bdt (

000’

s)73

7373

7373

7373

7373

73S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

bdt (

000’

s)57

5757

5757

5757

5757

57

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NF

loor

ing

and

linin

gtC

(00

0’s)

51

81

81

81

81

81

81

81

81

81

8K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

tC (

000’

s)3

57

57

57

57

57

57

57

57

57

57

Fur

nitu

retC

(00

0’s)

32

92

92

92

92

92

92

92

92

92

9S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

tC (

000’

s)2

23

23

23

23

23

23

23

23

23

23

IMP

OR

TS

Flo

orin

g an

d lin

ing

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

sm

3 (0

00’s

)39

3939

3939

3939

3939

39F

urni

ture

m3

(000

’s)

3939

3939

3939

3939

3939

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

cm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0

IMP

OR

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Flo

orin

g an

d lin

ing

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

bdt (

000’

s)23

2323

2323

2323

2323

23F

urni

ture

bdt (

000’

s)23

2323

2323

2323

2323

23S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

Flo

orin

g an

d lin

ing

pool

55

55

55

55

55

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

spo

ol3

33

33

33

33

3F

urni

ture

pool

33

33

33

33

33

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

cpo

ol2

22

22

22

22

2

RA

W M

AT

ER

IAL

SP

ulpl

og v

olum

e m

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

, AW

PA

and

FW

PR

DC

517

517

517

517

517

517

517

517

517

517

PR

OD

UC

T F

RO

M O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SS

oftw

ood

saw

log

chip

s m

3 (0

00’s

)A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

318

318

318

318

318

318

318

318

318

318

Cyp

ress

saw

log

chip

s m

3 (0

00’s

)A

ustr

alia

n W

ood

Pan

els

Ass

ocia

tion,

unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

1010

1010

1010

1010

1010

BY

-PR

OD

UC

TS

Saw

dust

, sh

avin

gs a

nd w

aste

m3

(000

’s)

9393

9393

9393

9393

9393


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

sbd

t (00

0’s)

119

119

119

119

119

119

119

119

119

119

Fur

nitu

rebd

t (00

0’s)

6161

6161

6161

6161

6161

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

cbd

t (00

0’s)

5757

5757

5757

5757

5757

IMP

OR

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NF

loor

ing

and

linin

gtC

(00

0’s)

50

00

00

00

00

0K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

tC (

000’

s)3

99

99

99

99

99

Fur

nitu

retC

(00

0’s)

39

99

99

99

99

9S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

tC (

000’

s)2

00

00

00

00

00

EX

PO

RT

SF

loor

ing

and

linin

gm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

m3

(000

’s)

7979

7979

7979

7979

7979

Fur

nitu

rem

3 (0

00’s

)60

6060

6060

6060

6060

60S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

EX

PO

RT

S IN

BO

NE

DR

Y T

ON

NE

SF

loor

ing

and

linin

gbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

sbd

t (00

0’s)

4848

4848

4848

4848

4848

Fur

nitu

rebd

t (00

0’s)

3636

3636

3636

3636

3636

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

cbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

EX

PO

RT

S IN

TO

NN

ES

CA

RB

ON

Flo

orin

g an

d lin

ing

tC (

000’

s)5

00

00

00

00

00

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

stC

(00

0’s)

31

91

91

91

91

91

91

91

91

91

9F

urni

ture

tC (

000’

s)3

14

14

14

14

14

14

14

14

14

14

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

ctC

(00

0’s)

20

00

00

00

00

0

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TIO

NF

loor

ing

and

linin

gm

3 (0

00’s

)75

7575

7575

7575

7575

75K

itche

n an

d ba

thro

om c

abin

ets

m3

(000

’s)

199

199

199

199

199

199

199

199

199

199

Fur

nitu

rem

3 (0

00’s

)10

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

110

1S

hopf

ittin

g, D

IY, m

isc

m3

(000

’s)

9696

9696

9696

9696

9696

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Flo

orin

g an

d lin

ing

bdt (

000’

s)45

4545

4545

4545

4545

45


MD

F-C

TD

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NF

loor

ing

and

linin

gtC

(00

0’s)

1818

1818

1818

1818

1818

Kitc

hen

and

bath

room

cab

inet

stC

(00

0’s)

4848

4848

4848

4848

4848

Fur

nitu

retC

(00

0’s)

2424

2424

2424

2424

2424

Sho

pfitt

ing,

DIY

, mis

ctC

(00

0’s)

2323

2323

2323

2323

2323

IPC

C D

EF

AU

LT A

PP

RO

AC

HtC

(00

0’s)

Em

issi

ons

at h

arve

st tr

eate

d as

rel

ease

to a

tmos

pher

e15

015

015

015

015

015

015

015

015

015

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N A

PP

RO

AC

HN

et c

hang

e in

car

bon

stoc

ks in

the

fore

st a

nd w

ood

prod

ucts

poo

l acc

ount

ed fo

r in

cou

ntry

of p

rodu

ctio

n1

tC (

000’

s)in

clud

ing

carb

on in

was

te22

2222

2222

2222

2222

222

tC (

000’

s)23

2323

2323

2323

2323

233

tC (

000’

s)87

8787

8787

8787

8787

874

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)18

1818

1818

1818

1818

18T

otal

tC (

000’

s)15

015

015

015

015

015

015

015

015

015

0

ST

OC

K C

HA

NG

E A

PP

RO

AC

H (

JPC

pre

ferr

ed)

Net

cha

nge

in c

arbo

n st

ocks

in th

e fo

rest

and

woo

d pr

oduc

ts p

ool a

ccou

nted

for

in c

ount

ry o

f con

sum

ptio

n1

tC (

000’

s)22

2222

2222

2222

2222

222

tC (

000’

s)23

2323

2323

2323

2323

233

tC (

000’

s)72

7272

7272

7272

7272

724

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)18

1818

1818

1818

1818

18T

otal

tC (

000’

s)13

513

513

513

513

513

513

513

513

513

5

AT

MO

SP

HE

RIC

AP

PR

OA

CH

(no

t mod

elle

d)


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

MA

NU

FA

CT

UR

ING

AS

SU

MP

TIO

NS

Bas

ic d

ensi

tykg

/m3

Har

boar

d m

anuf

actu

rers

, unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

, air

dry

dens

ity

was

con

vert

ed to

ove

n dr

y de

nsity

.93

093

093

093

093

093

093

093

093

093

0

Car

bon

conv

ersi

on (

bdt t

o tC

)%

JPC

ass

umpt

ion

from

Gre

enho

use

Cha

lleng

e V

eget

atio

n S

inks

50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%

Har

dboa

rd m

anuf

actu

re s

trea

mH

ardb

oard

%H

ardb

oard

man

ufac

ture

rs, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs58

.0%

58.0

%58

.0%

58.0

%58

.0%

58.0

%58

.0%

58.0

%58

.0%

58.0

%W

aste

%H

ardb

oard

man

ufac

ture

rs, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs27

.0%

27.0

%27

.0%

27.0

%27

.0%

27.0

%27

.0%

27.0

%27

.0%

27.0

%S

hrin

kage

and

com

pres

sion

%H

ardb

oard

man

ufac

ture

rs, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%15

.0%

15.0

%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Har

dboa

rd p

rodu

cts

stre

am (

dest

inat

ion

of h

ardb

oard

pro

duct

s)W

eath

erte

x%

Har

dboa

rd m

anuf

actu

rers

, unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

20.0

%20

.0%

20.0

%20

.0%

20.0

%20

.0%

20.0

%20

.0%

20.0

%20

.0%

Lini

ng, b

raci

ng, u

nder

lay

%H

ardb

oard

man

ufac

ture

rs, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs54

.0%

54.0

%54

.0%

54.0

%54

.0%

54.0

%54

.0%

54.0

%54

.0%

54.0

%P

acka

ging

%H

ardb

oard

man

ufac

ture

rs, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs26

.0%

26.0

%26

.0%

26.0

%26

.0%

26.0

%26

.0%

26.0

%26

.0%

26.0

%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Wor

kboo

k 19

98


HA

RD

BO

AR

D

Car

bon

in b

y-pr

oduc

tstC

(00

0’s)

1515

1515

1515

1515

1515

PR

OD

UC

TS

US

ED

IN O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SN

one

PR

OD

UC

TS

PR

OD

UC

ED

IN A

US

TR

AL

IAW

eath

erte

xm

3 (0

00’s

)14

1414

1414

1414

1414

14Li

ning

, bra

cing

, und

erla

ym

3 (0

00’s

)37

3737

3737

3737

3737

37P

acka

ging

m3

(000

’s)

1818

1818

1818

1818

1818

chec

k su

m0

00

00

00

00

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Wea

ther

tex

bdt (

000’

s)13

1313

1313

1313

1313

13Li

ning

, bra

cing

, und

erla

ybd

t (00

0’s)

3535

3535

3535

3535

3535

Pac

kagi

ngbd

t (00

0’s)

1717

1717

1717

1717

1717

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NW

eath

erte

xtC

(00

0’s)

56

66

66

66

66

6Li

ning

, bra

cing

, und

erla

ytC

(00

0’s)

51

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

71

7P

acka

ging

tC (

000’

s)2

88

88

88

88

88

0

IMP

OR

TS

Wea

ther

tex

m3

(000

’s)

1010

1010

1010

1010

1010

Lini

ng, b

raci

ng, u

nder

lay

m3

(000

’s)

1616

1616

1616

1616

1616

Pac

kagi

ngm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0

IMP

OR

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Wea

ther

tex

bdt (

000’

s)9

99

99

99

99

9Li

ning

, bra

cing

, und

erla

ybd

t (00

0’s)

1515

1515

1515

1515

1515

Pac

kagi

ngbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

Wea

ther

tex

pool

55

55

55

55

55

Lini

ng, b

raci

ng, u

nder

lay

pool

55

55

55

55

55

Pac

kagi

ngpo

ol2

22

22

22

22

20

pool

00

00

00

00

00

RA

W M

AT

ER

IAL

SR

ound

woo

d vo

lum

e m

3 (0

00’s

)H

ardb

oard

man

ufac

ture

rs, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e ne

xt 3

yea

rs65

6565

6565

6565

6565

65

PR

OD

UC

T F

RO

M O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SH

ardw

ood

chip

s ex

saw

mill

m3

(000

’s)

Har

dboa

rd m

anuf

actu

rers

, unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

next

3 y

ears

5454

5454

5454

5454

5454

BY

-PR

OD

UC

TS

Saw

dust

, sh

avin

gs a

nd w

aste

m3

(000

’s)

3232

3232

3232

3232

3232

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


Lini

ng, b

raci

ng, u

nder

lay

bdt (

000’

s)35

3535

3535

3535

3535

35P

acka

ging

bdt (

000’

s)17

1717

1717

1717

1717

17

IMP

OR

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NW

eath

erte

xtC

(00

0’s)

55

55

55

55

55

5Li

ning

, bra

cing

, und

erla

ytC

(00

0’s)

57

77

77

77

77

7P

acka

ging

tC (

000’

s)2

00

00

00

00

00

0

EX

PO

RT

SW

eath

erte

xm

3 (0

00’s

)10

1010

1010

1010

1010

10Li

ning

, bra

cing

, und

erla

ym

3 (0

00’s

)16

1616

1616

1616

1616

16P

acka

ging

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

EX

PO

RT

S IN

BO

NE

DR

Y T

ON

NE

SW

eath

erte

xbd

t (00

0’s)

99

99

99

99

99

Lini

ng, b

raci

ng, u

nder

lay

bdt (

000’

s)15

1515

1515

1515

1515

15P

acka

ging

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0

EX

PO

RT

S IN

TO

NN

ES

CA

RB

ON

Wea

ther

tex

tC (

000’

s)5

55

55

55

55

55

Lini

ng, b

raci

ng, u

nder

lay

tC (

000’

s)5

77

77

77

77

77

Pac

kagi

ngtC

(00

0’s)

20

00

00

00

00

00

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TIO

NW

eath

erte

xm

3 (0

00’s

)14

1414

1414

1414

1414

14Li

ning

, bra

cing

, und

erla

ym

3 (0

00’s

)37

3737

3737

3737

3737

37P

acka

ging

m3

(000

’s)

1818

1818

1818

1818

1818

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Wea

ther

tex

bdt (

000’

s)13

1313

1313

1313

1313

13

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


HA

RD

BO

AR

D-C

TD

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NW

eath

erte

xtC

(00

0’s)

66

66

66

66

66

Lini

ng, b

raci

ng, u

nder

lay

tC (

000’

s)17

1717

1717

1717

1717

17P

acka

ging

tC (

000’

s)8

88

88

88

88

8

IPC

C D

EF

AU

LT A

PP

RO

AC

HtC

(00

0’s)

Em

issi

ons

at h

arve

st tr

eate

d as

rel

ease

to a

tmos

pher

e47

4747

4747

4747

4747

47

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N A

PP

RO

AC

HN

et c

hang

e in

car

bon

stoc

ks in

the

fore

st a

nd w

ood

prod

ucts

poo

l acc

ount

ed fo

r in

cou

ntry

of p

rodu

ctio

n1

tC (

000’

s)in

clud

ing

carb

on in

was

te15

1515

1515

1515

1515

152

tC (

000’

s)8

88

88

88

88

83

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

04

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)24

2424

2424

2424

2424

24T

otal

tC (

000’

s)47

4747

4747

4747

4747

47

ST

OC

K C

HA

NG

E A

PP

RO

AC

H (

JPC

pre

ferr

ed)

Net

cha

nge

in c

arbo

n st

ocks

in th

e fo

rest

and

woo

d pr

oduc

ts p

ool a

ccou

nted

for

in c

ount

ry o

f con

sum

ptio

n1

tC (

000’

s)15

1515

1515

1515

1515

152

tC (

000’

s)8

88

88

88

88

83

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

04

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)24

2424

2424

2424

2424

24T

otal

tC (

000’

s)47

4747

4747

4747

4747

47

AT

MO

SP

HE

RIC

AP

PR

OA

CH

(no

t mod

elle

d)

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

MA

NU

FA

CT

UR

ING

AS

SU

MP

TIO

NS

Bas

ic d

ensi

ty Pap

erkg

/m3

Indu

stry

sou

rces

, unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

in n

ext 3

yea

rs10

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

0010

00S

oftw

ood

kg/m

3JP

C a

ssum

ptio

n fr

om G

reen

hous

e C

halle

nge

Veg

etat

ion

Sin

ks W

orkb

ook

1998

430

430

430

430

430

430

430

430

430

430

Har

dwoo

dkg

/m3

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

500

Was

te p

aper

kg/m

3In

dust

ry s

ourc

es, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e in

nex

t 3 y

ears

850

850

850

850

850

850

850

850

850

850

Pul

pkg

/m3

Indu

stry

sou

rces

, unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

in n

ext 3

yea

rs90

090

090

090

090

090

090

090

090

090

0

Car

bon

conv

ersi

on (

bdt t

o tC

)%

JPC

ass

umpt

ion

from

Gre

enho

use

Cha

lleng

e V

eget

atio

n S

inks

Wor

kboo

k 19

9850

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%

Was

te p

aper Im

port

t (00

0’s)

Fro

m P

ulp

and

Pap

er P

ersp

ectiv

e, P

PM

FA

(N

otes

on

Rec

over

ed P

aper

tabl

e) (

assu

mpt

ion;

1 t

= 1

m3 )

4343

4343

4343

4343

4343

Exp

ort

t (00

0’s)

Fro

m P

ulp

and

Pap

er P

ersp

ectiv

e, P

PM

FA

(N

otes

on

Rec

over

ed P

aper

tabl

e) (

assu

mpt

ion;

1 t

= 1

m3 )

137

137

137

137

137

137

137

137

137

137

Rec

over

ed p

aper

t (00

0’s)

Fro

m P

ulp

and

Pap

er P

ersp

ectiv

e, P

PM

FA

(N

otes

on

Rec

over

ed P

aper

tabl

e) (

assu

mpt

ion;

1 t

= 1

m3 )

1557

1557

1557

1557

1557

1557

1557

1557

1557

1557

Pul

pIm

port

t (00

0’s)

Fro

m P

ulp

and

Pap

er P

ersp

ectiv

e, P

PM

FA

(C

onsu

mpt

ion

of P

ulp

tabl

e) (

assu

mpt

ion;

1 t

= 1

m3 )

180

180

180

180

180

180

180

180

180

180

Exp

ort

t (00

0’s)

Fro

m P

ulp

and

Pap

er P

ersp

ectiv

e, P

PM

FA

(C

onsu

mpt

ion

of P

ulp

tabl

e) (

assu

mpt

ion;

1 t

= 1

m3 )

00

00

00

00

00

Pul

p m

anuf

actu

re s

trea

mP

ulp

%Ja

akko

Pyr

y C

onsu

lting

wei

ghte

d av

erag

e fo

r K

raft,

TM

PC

pro

cess

es70

.0%

70.0

%70

.0%

70.0

%70

.0%

70.0

%70

.0%

70.0

%70

.0%

70.0

%W

aste

%Ja

akko

Pyr

y C

onsu

lting

wei

ghte

d av

erag

e fo

r K

raft,

TM

PC

pro

cess

es30

.0%

30.0

%30

.0%

30.0

%30

.0%

30.0

%30

.0%

30.0

%30

.0%

30.0

%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Pap

er m

anuf

actu

re s

trea

mP

aper

%In

dust

ry s

ourc

es, u

nlik

ely

to c

hang

e in

nex

t 3 y

ears

96.0

%96

.0%

96.0

%96

.0%

96.0

%96

.0%

96.0

%96

.0%

96.0

%96

.0%

Was

te%

Indu

stry

sou

rces

, unl

ikel

y to

cha

nge

in n

ext 3

yea

rs4.

0%4.

0%4.

0%4.

0%4.

0%4.

0%4.

0%4.

0%4.

0%4.

0%to

tal

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%

Pap

er p

rodu

cts

stre

am (

dest

inat

ion

of p

aper

pro

duct

s)N

ewsp

rint

%A

BA

RE

- M

arch

199

9 -

Tab

le 2

17.6

%17

.6%

17.6

%17

.6%

17.6

%17

.6%

17.6

%17

.6%

17.6

%17

.6%

Prin

ting

and

writ

ing

%A

BA

RE

- M

arch

199

9 -

Tab

le 2

16.6

%16

.6%

16.6

%16

.6%

16.6

%16

.6%

16.6

%16

.6%

16.6

%16

.6%

Hou

seho

ld a

nd s

anita

ry%

AB

AR

E -

Mar

ch 1

999

- T

able

27.

5%7.

5%7.

5%7.

5%7.

5%7.

5%7.

5%7.

5%7.

5%7.

5%P

acka

ging

and

indu

stria

l%

AB

AR

E -

Mar

ch 1

999

- T

able

258

.3%

58.3

%58

.3%

58.3

%58

.3%

58.3

%58

.3%

58.3

%58

.3%

58.3

%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%10

0.0%

100.

0%


PU

LP A

ND

PA

PE

R

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

RA

W M

AT

ER

IAL

SS

oftw

ood

Logs

m3

(000

’s)

Fro

m P

ulp

and

Pap

er P

ersp

ectiv

e, P

PM

FA

(W

ood

Res

ourc

e U

sage

tabl

e) (

assu

mpt

ion;

1 t

= 1

m3 )

1,40

31,

403

1,40

31,

403

1,40

31,

403

1,40

31,

403

1,40

31,

403

Har

dwoo

d Lo

gsm

3 (0

00’s

)F

rom

Pul

p an

d P

aper

Per

spec

tive,

PP

MF

A (

Woo

d R

esou

rce

Usa

ge ta

ble)

(as

sum

ptio

n; 1

t =

1 m

3 )83

383

383

383

383

383

383

383

383

383

3

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

New

sprin

tpo

ol1

11

11

11

11

1P

rintin

g an

d w

ritin

gpo

ol1

11

11

11

11

1T

issu

epo

ol1

11

11

11

11

1P

acka

ging

and

indu

stria

lpo

ol1

11

11

11

11

1

PR

OD

UC

T F

RO

M O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SS

oftw

ood

chip

s ex

saw

mill

m3

(000

’s)

Fro

m P

ulp

and

Pap

er P

ersp

ectiv

e, P

PM

FA

(W

ood

Res

ourc

e U

sage

tabl

e) (

assu

mpt

ion;

1 t

= 1

m3 )

373

373

373

373

373

373

373

373

373

373

Har

dwoo

d ch

ips

ex s

awm

illm

3 (0

00’s

)F

rom

Pul

p an

d P

aper

Per

spec

tive,

PP

MF

A (

Woo

d R

esou

rce

Usa

ge ta

ble)

(as

sum

ptio

n; 1

t =

1 m

3 )12

812

812

812

812

812

812

812

812

812

8C

hips

ex

fore

stm

3 (0

00’s

)In

clud

ed in

rou

ndw

ood

volu

me

00

00

00

00

00

Was

te p

aper

(R

ecyc

led

and

Imp)

t (00

0’s)

1,46

31,

463

1,46

31,

463

1,46

31,

463

1,46

31,

463

1,46

31,

463

Pul

p (I

mpo

rts

less

exp

orts

)t (

000’

s)18

018

018

018

018

018

018

018

018

018

0

BY

-PR

OD

UC

TS

Was

tebd

t (00

0’s)

464

464

464

464

464

464

464

464

464

464

Car

bon

in b

y-pr

oduc

tstC

(00

0’s)

Not

incl

udin

g w

aste

pap

er20

720

720

720

720

720

720

720

720

720

7

PR

OD

UC

TS

US

ED

IN O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SN

one

PR

OD

UC

TS

PR

OD

UC

ED

IN A

US

TR

AL

IAN

ewsp

rint

t (00

0’s)

385

385

385

385

385

385

385

385

385

385

Prin

ting

and

writ

ing

t (00

0’s)

363

363

363

363

363

363

363

363

363

363

Tis

sue

t (00

0’s)

164

164

164

164

164

164

164

164

164

164

Pac

kagi

ng a

nd in

dust

rial

t (00

0’s)

1,27

41,

274

1,27

41,

274

1,27

41,

274

1,27

41,

274

1,27

41,

274

chec

k su

m0

00

00

00

00

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

New

sprin

tbd

t (00

0’s)

385

385

385

385

385

385

385

385

385

385

Prin

ting

and

writ

ing

bdt (

000’

s)36

336

336

336

336

336

336

336

336

336

3T

issu

ebd

t (00

0’s)

164

164

164

164

164

164

164

164

164

164

Pac

kagi

ng a

nd in

dust

rial

bdt (

000’

s)1,

274

1,27

41,

274

1,27

41,

274

1,27

41,

274

1,27

41,

274

1,27

4


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NN

ewsp

rint

tC (

000’

s)1

192

192

192

192

192

192

192

192

192

192

Prin

ting

and

writ

ing

tC (

000’

s)1

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

Tis

sue

tC (

000’

s)1

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

82

Pac

kagi

ng a

nd in

dust

rial

tC (

000’

s)1

637

637

637

637

637

637

637

637

637

637

IMP

OR

TS

New

sprin

tt (

000’

s)A

BA

RE

- M

arch

199

9 T

able

328

928

928

928

928

928

928

928

928

928

9P

rintin

g an

d w

ritin

gt (

000’

s)A

BA

RE

- M

arch

199

9 T

able

357

757

757

757

757

757

757

757

757

757

7T

issu

et (

000’

s)A

BA

RE

- M

arch

199

9 T

able

332

3232

3232

3232

3232

32P

acka

ging

and

indu

stria

lt (

000’

s)A

BA

RE

- M

arch

199

9 T

able

325

525

525

525

525

525

525

525

525

525

5

IMP

OR

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

New

sprin

tbd

t (00

0’s)

289

289

289

289

289

289

289

289

289

289

Prin

ting

and

writ

ing

bdt (

000’

s)57

757

757

757

757

757

757

757

757

757

7T

issu

ebd

t (00

0’s)

3232

3232

3232

3232

3232

Pac

kagi

ng a

nd in

dust

rial

bdt (

000’

s)25

525

525

525

525

525

525

525

525

525

5

IMP

OR

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NN

ewsp

rint

tC (

000’

s)1

145

145

145

145

145

145

145

145

145

145

Prin

ting

and

writ

ing

tC (

000’

s)1

289

289

289

289

289

289

289

289

289

289

Tis

sue

tC (

000’

s)1

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

16

Pac

kagi

ng a

nd in

dust

rial

tC (

000’

s)1

128

128

128

128

128

128

128

128

128

128

EX

PO

RT

SN

ewsp

rint

t (00

0’s)

AB

AR

E -

Mar

ch 1

999

Tab

le 4

1515

1515

1515

1515

1515

Prin

ting

and

writ

ing

t (00

0’s)

AB

AR

E -

Mar

ch 1

999

Tab

le 4

4747

4747

4747

4747

4747

Tis

sue

t (00

0’s)

AB

AR

E -

Mar

ch 1

999

Tab

le 4

1515

1515

1515

1515

1515

Pac

kagi

ng a

nd in

dust

rial

t (00

0’s)

AB

AR

E -

Mar

ch 1

999

Tab

le 4

356

356

356

356

356

356

356

356

356

356

EX

PO

RT

S IN

BO

NE

DR

Y T

ON

NE

SN

ewsp

rint

bdt (

000’

s)15

1515

1515

1515

1515

15P

rintin

g an

d w

ritin

gbd

t (00

0’s)

4747

4747

4747

4747

4747

Tis

sue

bdt (

000’

s)15

1515

1515

1515

1515

15P

acka

ging

and

indu

stria

lbd

t (00

0’s)

356

356

356

356

356

356

356

356

356

356

EX

PO

RT

S IN

TO

NN

ES

CA

RB

ON

New

sprin

ttC

(00

0’s)

18

88

88

88

88

8P

rintin

g an

d w

ritin

gtC

(00

0’s)

12

32

32

32

32

32

32

32

32

32

3T

issu

etC

(00

0’s)

18

88

88

88

88

8P

acka

ging

and

indu

stria

ltC

(00

0’s)

117

817

817

817

817

817

817

817

817

817

8

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TIO

NN

ewsp

rint

t (00

0’s)

658

658

658

658

658

658

658

658

658

658

Prin

ting

and

writ

ing

t (00

0’s)

893

893

893

893

893

893

893

893

893

893

Tis

sue

t (00

0’s)

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

Pac

kagi

ng a

nd in

dust

rial

t (00

0’s)

1,17

31,

173

1,17

31,

173

1,17

31,

173

1,17

31,

173

1,17

31,

173


PU

LP A

ND

PA

PE

R-C

TD

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

New

sprin

tbd

t (00

0’s)

658

658

658

658

658

658

658

658

658

658

Prin

ting

and

writ

ing

bdt (

000’

s)89

389

389

389

389

389

389

389

389

389

3T

issu

ebd

t (00

0’s)

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

181

Pac

kagi

ng a

nd in

dust

rial

bdt (

000’

s)1,

173

1,17

31,

173

1,17

31,

173

1,17

31,

173

1,17

31,

173

1,17

3

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NN

ewsp

rint

tC (

000’

s)32

932

932

932

932

932

932

932

932

932

9P

rintin

g an

d w

ritin

gtC

(00

0’s)

447

447

447

447

447

447

447

447

447

447

Tis

sue

tC (

000’

s)90

9090

9090

9090

9090

90P

acka

ging

and

indu

stria

ltC

(00

0’s)

587

587

587

587

587

587

587

587

587

587

IPC

C D

EF

AU

LT A

PP

RO

AC

HtC

(00

0’s)

Em

issi

ons

at h

arve

st tr

eate

d as

rel

ease

to a

tmos

pher

e, le

ss c

arbo

n in

impo

rted

pul

p1,

300

1,30

01,

300

1,30

01,

300

1,30

01,

300

1,30

01,

300

1,30

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N A

PP

RO

AC

HN

et c

hang

e in

car

bon

stoc

ks in

the

fore

st a

nd w

ood

prod

ucts

poo

l acc

ount

ed fo

r in

cou

ntry

of p

rodu

ctio

n1

tC (

000’

s)Le

ss c

arbo

n in

impo

rts,

incl

udin

g ca

rbon

in w

aste

1,21

91,

219

1,21

91,

219

1,21

91,

219

1,21

91,

219

1,21

91,

219

2tC

(00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

3tC

(00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

4tC

(00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

5tC

(00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Tot

altC

(00

0’s)

1,21

91,

219

1,21

91,

219

1,21

91,

219

1,21

91,

219

1,21

91,

219

ST

OC

K C

HA

NG

E A

PP

RO

AC

H (

JPC

pre

ferr

ed)

Net

cha

nge

in c

arbo

n st

ocks

in th

e fo

rest

and

woo

d pr

oduc

ts p

ool a

ccou

nted

for

in c

ount

ry o

f con

sum

ptio

n1

tC (

000’

s)1,

660

1,66

01,

660

1,66

01,

660

1,66

01,

660

1,66

01,

660

1,66

02

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

04

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0T

otal

tC (

000’

s)1,

660

1,66

01,

660

1,66

01,

660

1,66

01,

660

1,66

01,

660

1,66

0

AT

MO

SP

HE

RIC

AP

PR

OA

CH

(no

t mod

elle

d)


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

MA

NU

FA

CT

UR

ING

AS

SU

MP

TIO

NS

Bas

ic d

ensi

ty Wei

ghte

d av

erag

ekg

/m3

429

429

429

429

429

429

429

429

429

429

Sof

twoo

d lo

gskg

/m3

JPC

ass

umpt

ion

from

Gre

enho

use

Cha

lleng

e V

eget

atio

n S

inks

Wor

kboo

k 19

9841

541

541

541

541

541

541

541

541

541

5H

ardw

ood

logs

kg/m

3C

hin

( pe

r co

mm

) C

SIR

O63

063

063

063

063

063

063

063

063

063

0

Car

bon

conv

ersi

on (

bdt t

o tC

)%

JPC

ass

umpt

ion

from

Gre

enho

use

Cha

lleng

e V

eget

atio

n S

inks

Wor

kboo

k 19

9850

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%50

.0%

50.0

%

Sof

twoo

d ex

port

sLo

gs/r

ound

woo

dm

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

32.

Exp

orts

of r

ound

woo

d.33

033

033

033

033

033

033

033

033

033

0P

ulpw

ood

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 3

2. E

xpor

ts o

f rou

ndw

ood.

3636

3636

3636

3636

3636

tota

lm

3 (0

00’s

)36

636

636

636

636

636

636

636

636

636

6

Har

dwoo

d an

d ot

her

expo

rts

Logs

/rou

ndw

ood

m3

(000

’s)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E F

ores

t Pro

duct

s S

tatis

tics,

Tab

le 3

2. E

xpor

ts o

f rou

ndw

ood.

2525

2525

2525

2525

2525

Pul

pwoo

dm

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

32.

Exp

orts

of r

ound

woo

d.0

00

00

00

00

0to

tal

m3

(000

’s)

2525

2525

2525

2525

2525


EX

PO

RT

CH

IP A

ND

LO

G

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Car

bon

in b

y-pr

oduc

tstC

(00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

PR

OD

UC

TS

US

ED

IN O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SN

one

PR

OD

UC

TS

PR

OD

UC

ED

IN A

US

TR

AL

IALo

gs/r

ound

woo

dm

3 (0

00’s

)35

535

535

535

535

535

535

535

535

535

5P

ulpw

ood

m3

(000

’s)

3636

3636

3636

3636

3636

chec

k su

m0

00

00

00

00

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Logs

/rou

ndw

ood

bdt (

000’

s)15

215

215

215

215

215

215

215

215

215

2P

ulpw

ood

bdt (

000’

s)15

1515

1515

1515

1515

15W

ood

chip

sbd

t (00

0’s)

Sou

rce:

AB

AR

E T

able

42,

Exp

ort o

f woo

dchi

ps (

tota

l in

BD

t)4,

315

4,31

54,

315

4,31

54,

315

4,31

54,

315

4,31

54,

315

4,31

5

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NLo

gs/r

ound

woo

dtC

(00

0’s)

476

76

76

76

76

76

76

76

76

76

Pul

pwoo

dtC

(00

0’s)

18

88

88

88

88

8W

ood

chip

stC

(00

0’s)

12,

158

2,15

82,

158

2,15

82,

158

2,15

82,

158

2,15

82,

158

2,15

80

IMP

OR

TS

Logs

/rou

ndw

ood

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Pul

pwoo

dm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0W

ood

chip

sm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0

IMP

OR

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Logs

/rou

ndw

ood

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0P

ulpw

ood

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0W

ood

chip

sbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

Logs

/rou

ndw

ood

pool

44

44

44

44

44

Pul

pwoo

dpo

ol1

11

11

11

11

1W

ood

chip

spo

ol1

11

11

11

11

10

pool

00

00

00

00

00

RA

W M

AT

ER

IAL

S

PR

OD

UC

T F

RO

M O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

S

BY

-PR

OD

UC

TS

Saw

dust

, sh

avin

gs a

nd w

aste

00

00

00

00

00


Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Pul

pwoo

dbd

t (00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Woo

d ch

ips

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0

IMP

OR

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NLo

gs/r

ound

woo

dtC

(00

0’s)

40

00

00

00

00

0P

ulpw

ood

tC (

000’

s)1

00

00

00

00

00

Woo

d ch

ips

tC (

000’

s)1

00

00

00

00

00

0

EX

PO

RT

SLo

gs/r

ound

woo

dm

3 (0

00’s

)35

535

535

535

535

535

535

535

535

535

5P

ulpw

ood

m3

(000

’s)

3636

3636

3636

3636

3636

Woo

d ch

ips

m3

(000

’s)

EX

PO

RT

S IN

BO

NE

DR

Y T

ON

NE

SLo

gs/r

ound

woo

dbd

t (00

0’s)

152

152

152

152

152

152

152

152

152

152

Pul

pwoo

dbd

t (00

0’s)

1515

1515

1515

1515

1515

Woo

d ch

ips

bdt (

000’

s)4,

315

4,31

54,

315

4,31

54,

315

4,31

54,

315

4,31

54,

315

4,31

5

EX

PO

RT

S IN

TO

NN

ES

CA

RB

ON

Logs

/rou

ndw

ood

tC (

000’

s)4

767

67

67

67

67

67

67

67

67

6P

ulpw

ood

tC (

000’

s)1

88

88

88

88

88

Woo

d ch

ips

tC (

000’

s)1

2,15

82,

158

2,15

82,

158

2,15

82,

158

2,15

82,

158

2,15

82,

158

0

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TIO

NLo

gs/r

ound

woo

dm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0P

ulpw

ood

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Woo

d ch

ips

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Logs

/rou

ndw

ood

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0


EX

PO

RT

CH

IP A

ND

LO

G-C

TD

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NLo

gs/r

ound

woo

dtC

(00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Pul

pwoo

dtC

(00

0’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Woo

d ch

ips

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0

IPC

C D

EF

AU

LT A

PP

RO

AC

HtC

(00

0’s)

Em

issi

ons

at h

arve

st tr

eate

d as

rel

ease

to a

tmos

pher

e2,

241

2,24

12,

241

2,24

12,

241

2,24

12,

241

2,24

12,

241

2,24

1

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N A

PP

RO

AC

HN

et c

hang

e in

car

bon

stoc

ks in

the

fore

st a

nd w

ood

prod

ucts

poo

l acc

ount

ed fo

r in

cou

ntry

of p

rodu

ctio

n1

tC (

000’

s)in

clud

ing

carb

on in

was

te2,

165

2,16

52,

165

2,16

52,

165

2,16

52,

165

2,16

52,

165

2,16

52

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

04

tC (

000’

s)76

7676

7676

7676

7676

765

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0T

otal

tC (

000’

s)2,

241

2,24

12,

241

2,24

12,

241

2,24

12,

241

2,24

12,

241

2,24

1

ST

OC

K C

HA

NG

E A

PP

RO

AC

H (

JPC

pre

ferr

ed)

Net

cha

nge

in c

arbo

n st

ocks

in th

e fo

rest

and

woo

d pr

oduc

ts p

ool a

ccou

nted

for

in c

ount

ry o

f con

sum

ptio

n1

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

02

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

04

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0T

otal

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0

AT

MO

SP

HE

RIC

AP

PR

OA

CH

(no

t mod

elle

d)


Units Notes 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

MANUFACTURING ASSUMPTIONSBasic density kg/m3 CSIRO Division of Forest Products, Technological Paper No. 13, 1961 790 790 790 790 790 790 790 790 790 790

Carbon conversion (bdt to tC) % JPC assumption from Greenhouse Challenge Vegetation Sinks Workbook 1998 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% 50.0% 50.0%

Product streamPoles piles and girders % Source: ABARE Forest Products Statistics, Table 48. Roundwood removals. 16.0% 16.0% 16.0% 16.0% 16.0% 16.0% 16.0% 16.0% 16.0% 16.0%Sleepers % Source: ABARE Forest Products Statistics, Table 48. Roundwood removals. 29.0% 29.0% 29.0% 29.0% 29.0% 29.0% 29.0% 29.0% 29.0% 29.0%Fencing, mining and other % Source: ABARE Forest Products Statistics, Table 48. Roundwood removals. 28.0% 28.0% 28.0% 28.0% 28.0% 28.0% 28.0% 28.0% 28.0% 28.0%Sawdust and waste from sleeper production % Source: ABARE Forest Products Statistics, Table 8. Railway sleepers. 27.0% 27.0% 27.0% 27.0% 27.0% 27.0% 27.0% 27.0% 27.0% 27.0%Total % 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

Australian G

reenhouse Office

74 HARDWOOD POLES, SLEEPERS AND MISC

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

Car

bon

in b

y-pr

oduc

tstC

(00

0’s)

2323

2323

2323

2323

2323

PR

OD

UC

TS

US

ED

IN O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

S

PR

OD

UC

TS

PR

OD

UC

ED

IN A

US

TR

AL

IAP

oles

pile

s an

d gi

rder

sm

3 (0

00’s

)35

3535

3535

3535

3535

35S

leep

ers

m3

(000

’s)

6464

6464

6464

6464

6464

Fen

cing

, min

ing

and

othe

rm

3 (0

00’s

)62

6262

6262

6262

6262

62

chec

k su

m0

00

00

00

00

0

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Pol

es p

iles

and

gird

ers

bdt (

000’

s)28

2828

2828

2828

2828

28S

leep

ers

bdt (

000’

s)50

5050

5050

5050

5050

50F

enci

ng, m

inin

g an

d ot

her

bdt (

000’

s)49

4949

4949

4949

4949

49

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N O

F D

OM

ES

TIC

PR

OD

UC

TS

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NP

oles

pile

s an

d gi

rder

stC

(00

0’s)

51

41

41

41

41

41

41

41

41

41

4S

leep

ers

tC (

000’

s)5

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

25

Fen

cing

, min

ing

and

othe

rtC

(00

0’s)

52

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

42

4

IMP

OR

TS

Pol

es p

iles

and

gird

ers

m3

(000

’s)

00

00

00

00

00

Sle

eper

sm

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

8. R

ailw

ay s

leep

ers.

22

22

22

22

22

Fen

cing

, min

ing

and

othe

rm

3 (0

00’s

)0

00

00

00

00

0

IMP

OR

TS

IN B

ON

E D

RY

TO

NN

ES

Pol

es p

iles

and

gird

ers

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0S

leep

ers

bdt (

000’

s)2

22

22

22

22

2F

enci

ng, m

inin

g an

d ot

her

bdt (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

0

CA

RB

ON

PO

OL

Pol

es p

iles

and

gird

ers

pool

55

55

55

55

55

Sle

eper

spo

ol5

55

55

55

55

5F

enci

ng, m

inin

g an

d ot

her

pool

55

55

55

55

55

RA

W M

AT

ER

IAL

SV

olum

e m

3 (0

00’s

)S

ourc

e: A

BA

RE

For

est P

rodu

cts

Sta

tistic

s, T

able

48.

22

022

022

022

022

022

022

022

022

022

0R

ound

woo

d re

mov

als

(Sle

eper

logs

, fen

cing

, min

ing,

pol

es a

nd p

iles,

oth

er).

PR

OD

UC

T F

RO

M O

TH

ER

PR

OC

ES

SE

SN

one

BY

-PR

OD

UC

TS

Saw

dust

, sh

avin

gs a

nd w

aste

m3

(000

’s)

5959

5959

5959

5959

5959


Units Notes 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Sleepers bdt (000’s) 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46 46Fencing, mining and other bdt (000’s) 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49 49

IMPORTS IN TONNES CARBONPoles piles and girders tC (000’s) 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Sleepers tC (000’s) 5 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1Fencing, mining and other tC (000’s) 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EXPORTSPoles piles and girders m3 (000’s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Sleepers m3 (000’s) Source: ABARE Forest Products Statistics, Table 8. Railway sleepers. 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8Fencing, mining and other m3 (000’s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EXPORTS IN BONE DRY TONNESPoles piles and girders bdt (000’s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Sleepers bdt (000’s) 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6Fencing, mining and other bdt (000’s) 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

EXPORTS IN TONNES CARBONPoles piles and girders tC (000’s) 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0Sleepers tC (000’s) 5 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3Fencing, mining and other tC (000’s) 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

TOTAL DOMESTIC PRODUCTIONPoles piles and girders m3 (000’s) 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35 35Sleepers m3 (000’s) 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58 58Fencing, mining and other m3 (000’s) 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62 62

TOTAL DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION IN BONE DRY TONNESPoles piles and girders bdt (000’s) 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28 28

Australian G

reenhouse Office

76 HARDWOOD POLES, SLEEPERS AND MISC-CTD

Uni

tsN

otes

1998

1999

2000

2001

2002

2003

2004

2005

2006

2007

TO

TA

L D

OM

ES

TIC

CO

NS

UM

PT

ION

IN T

ON

NE

S C

AR

BO

NP

oles

pile

s an

d gi

rder

stC

(00

0’s)

1414

1414

1414

1414

1414

Sle

eper

stC

(00

0’s)

2323

2323

2323

2323

2323

Fen

cing

, min

ing

and

othe

rtC

(00

0’s)

2424

2424

2424

2424

2424

IPC

C D

EF

AU

LT A

PP

RO

AC

HtC

(00

0’s)

Em

issi

ons

at h

arve

st tr

eate

d as

rel

ease

to a

tmos

pher

e87

8787

8787

8787

8787

87

PR

OD

UC

TIO

N A

PP

RO

AC

HN

et c

hang

e in

car

bon

stoc

ks in

the

fore

st a

nd w

ood

prod

ucts

poo

l acc

ount

ed fo

r in

cou

ntry

of p

rodu

ctio

n1

tC (

000’

s)in

clud

ing

carb

on in

was

te23

2323

2323

2323

2323

232

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

04

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)63

6363

6363

6363

6363

63T

otal

tC (

000’

s)87

8787

8787

8787

8787

87

ST

OC

K C

HA

NG

E A

PP

RO

AC

H (

JPC

pre

ferr

ed)

Net

cha

nge

in c

arbo

n st

ocks

in th

e fo

rest

and

woo

d pr

oduc

ts p

ool a

ccou

nted

for

in c

ount

ry o

f con

sum

ptio

n1

tC (

000’

s)23

2323

2323

2323

2323

232

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

03

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

04

tC (

000’

s)0

00

00

00

00

05

tC (

000’

s)61

6161

6161

6161

6161

61T

otal

tC (

000’

s)85

8585

8585

8585

8585

85

AT

MO

SP

HE

RIC

AP

PR

OA

CH

(no

t mod

elle

d)



Publications in this series1. Setting the Frame2. Estimation of Changes in Soil Carbon due to Changed

Land Use3. Woody Biomass: Methods for Estimating Change4. Land Clearing 1970-1990: A Social History5a. Review of Allometric Relationships for Woody Biomass for

Queensland, the Northern Territory and Western Australia5b. Review of Allometric Relationships for Woody Biomass

for New South Wales, the Australian Capital Territory, Victoria, Tasmania and South Australia

6. The Decay of Coarse Woody Debris7. Carbon Content of Woody Roots8. Usage and Life Cycle of Wood Products9. Land Cover Change: Specification for Remote

Sensing Analysis10. National Carbon Accounting System: Phase 1

Implementation Plan for the 1990 Baseline11. International Review of the Implementation Plan for the

1990 Baseline (13-15 December 1999)

The National Carbon Accounting System provides a complete

accounting and forecasting capability for human-induced sources and

sinks of greenhouse gas emissions from Australian land based

systems. It will provide a basis for assessing Australia’s progress

towards meeting its international emissions commitments.

http://www.greenhouse.gov.au

Usage and Life Cycle of Wood Products - NCAS Technical ......Figure 7-1: Impact of different wood products’ accounting methodologies in New Zealand over the commitment period 2008-2012

Documents