A Project Report on “Usage and Attitude of Consumer towards Pharmaceutical Over The Counter (OTC) Product” in partial fulfillment of the requirement of Master in Management Studies (MMS) conducted by Rizvi Institute of Management Studies and Research under the guidance of DR. KALIM KHAN Submitted by: REHAN FAQUIH ROLL NO. 83 MMS (MARKETING) 2009-11
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Usage and Attitude of Consumer Toward Pharmaceutical Over the Counter (OTC) Product- Rehan Faquih
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A Project Report
on
“Usage and Attitude of Consumer towards Pharmaceutical Over The Counter (OTC) Product”
in partial fulfillment of the requirement of
Master in Management Studies (MMS)
conducted by
Rizvi Institute of Management Studies and Research
under the guidance of DR. KALIM KHAN
Submitted by:
REHAN FAQUIH ROLL NO. 83
MMS (MARKETING) 2009-11
Acknowledgement I would like to express my sincere gratitude to everyone who have helped & supported me
during the duration of my project. First of all, I would like to thank the Almighty Allah without
whom none of this would be possible. I am eternally grateful for the invaluable mentorship of
my guide, Dr Kalim Khan, Director, Rizvi Institute of Management Studies and Research
who acts as the backbone of the entire support system. His timely guidance, right from the initial
stages of conceptual inception and through ongoing advice & encouragement to this day has
made the completion of the project possible.
I also wish to thank Talha Khan, Nawaf Ghansar, Raees Basri and all the medical professionals
who were part of my respondent base for their invaluable support, suggestions and time during
the course of the project.
It will not be fair if I do not thank my parents for their undivided support and interest which
inspired me and encouraged me to go my own way, without whom I would be unable to
complete my project. Last but not the least I want to thank my friends and fellow batch mates
who appreciated me for my work and motivated me to finish the project.
Rehan Faquih
Roll No: 83
MMS (Marketing)
2009-2011
Declaration
I declare that the project titled “Usage and Attitude of Consumer towards Pharmaceutical
Over The Counter (OTC) Product” is a record of the research carried out by me during the
academic year 2009-2011 under the guidance of my guide Dr. Kalim Khan, Director, Rizvi
Institute of Management Studies and Research.
I also declare that this project is the result of my effort and has not been submitted to any other
university for the award of any degree, or personal favor whatsoever. All the details and analysis
provided in the report hold true to the best of my knowledge.
Rehan Faquih
Roll No: 83
MMS (Marketing)
2009-2011
Certificate
This is to certify that Mr. Rehan Faquih, a student of Master in Management Studies (MMS),
bearing Roll No. 83, from Rizvi Institute of Management Studies and Research, specializing in
Marketing has successfully completed the project titled,
“Usage and Attitude of Consumer towards Pharmaceutical Over The Counter OTC
Product”
under the guidance of Dr. Kalim Khan, Director, Rizvi Institue of Management Studies and
Research in partial fulfillment of the requirement of Master in Management Studies (MMS), by
Rizvi Institute of Management Studies and Research , for the academic year 2009-11.
______________________
Prof. (Dr.) Kalim Khan
Project Guide
__________________________
Prof. Umar Farooq Dr. Kalim Khan
Academic Coordinator Director
Executive Summary
The research was started with the objective to “Study the consumer behaviour towards the
Pharmaceutical OTC product in the city of Mumbai”. The research was carried out with the view
to analyze the usage and attitude of consumers like Doctors, Chemist, and Customers etc. with
respect to the age, marital status, occupation, nature of family, size of family factors, etc. to
identify the decision maker and the influencer for the purchase of OTC medicine made by
consumers. A structured – undisguised questionnaire was administered for a sample size of 120
which included Doctors, Chemists and Customers from distinct geographical areas of the
Mumbai city. With the help of the data collected the results were analyzed, tabulated, and
interpreted.
The inferences were drawn out with the help of statistical analytical tools. From the findings few
recommendable suggestions had been opined for the marketers and manufacturers to recognize
that OTC market is a lucrative consumer segment especially with the high competition in market,
as lots of patents are expiring in near future. It is important for companies to make better strategy
and create awareness amongst the consumers so, that they can judge on their own which OTC
medicine needs to buy to treat minor ailments so, it would be easy to switch prescription drug to
OTC drug which would help the companies to overcome the generic competition and create an
healthy portfolio of OTC product in future, which would reap high growth potentials.
The Indian OTC pharmaceuticals market generated total revenues of $2.5 billion in 2010. The
market has grown significantly over the last five years at a CAGR of 8.6%. In contrast, the US
market has witnessed a moderate expansion, with a CAGR of 4.3% for the equivalent period
leading to total revenues of $21.2 billion in 2010.
The leading revenue source for the Indian OTC pharmacy market is the traditional medicines
sector, which generated revenues of $679.3 million in 2010, equivalent to 27.3% of the market's
value. In comparison, the cough and cold preparations sector was worth $492.5 million, which
represented 19.8% of the market's revenues.
This research paper viewed the usage and attitude of pharmaceutical OTC drugs. It also found
the influence of current marketing practices in the pharmaceutical sector through different
channels, and their impact on consumers and doctors’ buying behaviour. The research found
some negative impacts like less education and awareness amongst the consumers which included
misleading advertising, disease mongering and rising costs. It argued the need to move from
industry self regulation to an independently monitored code of practice by doctors for
pharmaceutical marketing. Rural India and modern India trusted self medication in treating
minor ailments not as like in Europeans who rely on neighbourhood pharmacist for similar
ailments, North Americans rely more on the advice of doctors. In countries where healthcare
infrastructures and economies are developing, opportunities exist to lessen the extensive burden
consumers currently put on doctors and help governments reduce their healthcare expenditure.
Self medication using over the counter products in India had been common. OTC Products
Medico marketing, is the business of advertising or otherwise promoting the sale of OTC
pharmaceuticals or drugs
Thus looking at the dynamics of the consumer segment of Pharmaceutical OTC a research was to
be carried out to get the insights of the consumers to know their usage pattern of buying OTC
drug. The factors that played major role in selecting a specific branded OTC drug to the factors
that plays major role in making a purchase decision whilst buying OTC medicine were studied.
The paper started with the presentation of the relevant literature in the area of buying behaviour
and then the research hypothesis was described. After that the methodology followed to develop
the study was presented with a special reference to the sample method, data collection and
statistics. Next, the results were presented and discussed and finally the conclusions were drawn.
Table of Contents CHAPTER NO 1: OVERVIEW OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY ............................. 1
1.2. MANUFACTURING PROCESS .............................................................................................................. 4
1.3. RESEARCH & DEVELOPMENT ............................................................................................................. 7
1.4. PATENTS - A PROJECTION .................................................................................................................. 8
CHAPTER NO 2: INTRODUCTION OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY .................. 142.3. INDUSTRY TRENDS ........................................................................................................................... 19
CHAPTER NO 3: INDIAN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY .......................................... 283.1. HISTORY ........................................................................................................................................... 30
3.1.1. The Policy Regime since 1970s ................................................................................................. 30
3.4.4. Low Cost Production through Scale .......................................................................................... 46
3.5. PHARMACEUTICAL REGULATORY BODIES IN INDIA ......................................................................... 47
3.5.1. National Pharmaceutical Pricing Authority (NPPA) .................................................................. 47
3.5.2. Central Drugs Standard and Control Organization (CDSCO) ..................................................... 47
3.5.3. Department of Chemicals & Petrochemicals (DCP) .................................................................. 48
CHAPTER NO 4: COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY 494.1. PORTERS 5 FORCE ANALYSIS OF INDUSTRY ..................................................................................... 49
4.2. PEST ANALYSIS ................................................................................................................................. 54
CHAPTER NO 7: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ............................................................ 1037.1. NEED FOR PROJECT ........................................................................................................................ 103
7.2. RESEARCH OBJECTIVE .................................................................................................................... 105
7.3. LIMITATION OF THE STUDY ............................................................................................................ 106
7.5. RESEARCH DESIGN ......................................................................................................................... 106
7.6. SOURCE OF DATA ........................................................................................................................... 107
CHAPTER NO 8: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION ..................................... 1088.1 RESPONDENT PROFILE .................................................................................................................... 108
• Primary data through survey using a structured questionnaire.
• Secondary data from previous research conducted and literatures if any.
7.7. SAMPLING PROCEDURE
• Simple Random / Convenient Sampling
7.8. SAMPLING TECHNIQUE
• Descriptive research will be conducted
• Primary research questionnaire will be given
• Convenience sampling will be carried out
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CHAPTER NO 8: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
DATA ANALYSIS
8.1 RESPONDENT PROFILE
8.1.1. AGE
Fig.8.1: Indicates the Age Profile of the Respondent From the above figure, we can interpret that most of the respondent in age profile belongs to the
age group of 25-45 year
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8.1.2. Gender
Fig.8.2: Indicates the Gender Profile of the Respondent
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of the respondent in gender profile belongs to
the gender group of female
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8.1.3. Nature of family
Fig.8.3: Indicates the Nature of Family Profile of the Respondent
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of the respondent stays in a nuclear family
environment
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8.1.4. Education
Fig.8.4: Indicates the Education Qualification Profile of the Respondent
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of the respondent education profile are well
educated in which majority of them are graduate and medical professionals as per the
requirement of survey
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8.1.5. Family Size
Fig.8.5: Indicates the Family Size Profile of the Respondents From the above figure, we can interpret that most of the respondent family size is between four
to six people in a family
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8.2. DESCRIPTIVE ANALYSIS
Q.No.1. Overall how would you rate your current health?
8.2.1. Descriptive analysis for representation of overall health of respondent
Fig.8.6: Indicates the Frequency of Overall Current Health of the Respondent
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of the respondents have very good overall
health i.e.61 respondent out of 120 sample size have very good overall health
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Q.No.2. Think about the condition when you had suffered from some general problem like
cold, cough, sore throat etc recently, what did you do generally in these ailments?
8.2.2. Descriptive analysis for representation of respondent taking self medication in minor
ailments
Fig.8.7: Indicates the Frequency of Respondent taking Self Medication in Minor Ailments
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of the respondents have self medication when
they suffer from minor ailments which help them save cost and time to visit the doctor for minor
problems i.e.35 respondent out of 120 sample size have purchased OTC medicine to treat their
minor problem
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Q.No.4. Would you say that you are taking more, fewer or about same number of product
than you did five year ago?
8.2.3. Descriptive analysis for representation usage number of product over the years by
respondent
Fig.8.8: Indicates the Frequency of Number of Products Usage over the Years by the
Respondent
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of the respondents have used more number
OTC product over the period of five years for self medication i.e.41 respondent out of 120
sample size have more usage of different number of product over the years
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Q.No.5. Are you using this OTC product more, less or about same as five year ago?
8.2.4. Descriptive analysis for representation frequency of usage of number of product over
the years by respondent
Fig.8.9: Indicates the Frequency of Number of Products Usage Frequency over the Years by
the Respondent
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of the respondents have agreed that they use
OTC product more frequently when compared with previous five years for self medication i.e.42
respondent out of 120 sample size have high frequency of usage of different OTC product over
the years
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Q.No.11. When you buy or take the OTC medicine for the first time, what information do
you read on the package first?
8.2.5. Descriptive analysis for representation of usage of packaging labels
Fig.8.10: Indicates the Frequency of Usage of Packaging Labels
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondents do read packaging labels when
they purchase OTC medicine for the first time to see the direction of usage and dosage levels to
be used for effective response i.e.56 respondent out of 120 sample size read direction of usage on
the label
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Q.No.12. Are you likely to re-read the label again in the following circumstances?
8.2.6. Descriptive analysis for representation re-read packaging labels in next purchase of
same medicine
Fig.8.11: Indicates the Frequency of Re-Read Packaging Labels in any Circumstances
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondents don’t read packaging labels
when they purchase same OTC medicine next time until and unless the OTC medicine is used for
child i.e.51 respondent out of 120 sample size don’t re-read labels and 52 respondent re-read
labels if the OTC medicine is used for child
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Q.No.14. Based on what you know, what is most accurate way to determine the amount of
medicine to be taken in particular indication?
8.2.7. Descriptive analysis for representation knowledge of usage and dosage of OTC
product
Fig.8.12: Indicates the Frequency of Knowledge of Usage and Dosage of OTC Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondents do not have the knowledge
about the dosage calculation for a drug i.e.44 respondent out of 120 sample size don’t have any
knowledge about usage of OTC product
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Q.No.13. To the best of recollection, what is Active ingredient in brand Crocin?
8.2.8. Descriptive analysis for representation awareness about OTC product
Fig.8.13: Indicates the Frequency of Awareness about an OTC Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondents do not have the awareness
about OTC Product i.e.71 respondent out of 120 sample size don’t have any awareness about the
content of most used OTC product
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Q.No.15. Have you ever taken more than the recommended dose of a non-prescription
medicine?
8.2.9. Descriptive analysis for representation over usage of an OTC product
Fig.8.14: Indicates the Frequency about Over Usage of an OTC Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondents are not sure about their over
usage of an OTC i.e.48 respondent out of 120 sample size are not sure about over usage of an
OTC product
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Q.No.16. If yes, how much more have you taken?
8.2.10. Descriptive analysis for representation the amount of over usage of an OTC product
Fig.8.15: Indicates the Frequency about Amount of Over Usage of an OTC Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondents are not sure about their over
usage of an OTC but those who knows about their over usage take next dose sooner than
directed i.e.23 respondent out of 47 sample size who know that they take over dosage take next
dose sooner than directed on label of an OTC product
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Q.No.17.What is that one reason for taking more medicine?
8.2.11. Descriptive analysis for representation the reason for over usage of an OTC product
Fig.8.16: Indicates the Frequency Reason for the Over Usage of an OTC Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondents are don’t know the reason for
over usage of an OTC product but those who knows the reason for over usage of an OTC product
they use to treat the severe symptoms i.e.18 out of 47 sample size who know that they take over
dosage of an OTC product for the reason to treat severe symptoms
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Q.No.18. If you have more than one symptom at same time like headache, sore throat, how
likely are you to take more than one OTC medicine?
8.2.12. Descriptive analysis for representation usage of multidrug to treat multiple
symptoms
Fig.8.17: Indicates the Frequency of Multidrug Usage to treat Multiple Symptoms
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondents are likely to use multidrug to
treat multiple symptom in same disease i.e.33 out of 120 sample size use multidrug therapy to
treat the disease
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Q.No.19. Have you ever experienced any negative reaction or side effect from taking an
OTC product?
8.2.13. Descriptive analysis for representation experience of side effect of an OTC product
Fig.8.18: Indicates the Frequency of Experience of Side Effect after Usage of an OTC
Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondents experienced negative reaction
or side effect after using an OTC product i.e.94 out of 120 sample size experienced negative
reaction after usage of an OTC product
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Q.No.20. what did you do mostly to stop the negative reaction?
8.2.14. Descriptive analysis for representation response to tackle side effect of an OTC
product
Fig.8.19: Indicates the Frequency Response to tackle Side Effect of an OTC Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent experienced negative reaction or
side effect after using an OTC product they tackle the side effect reaction by contacting the
doctor i.e.39 out of 101 sample size contact doctor to treat the experienced negative reaction of
an OTC product
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Q.No.3. Do you use OTC drugs or medication for mentioned below indication If Yes, please
indicates the frequency of usage?
8.2.15. Descriptive analysis for representation response to frequency of suffering from
fever
Fig.8.20: Indicates the Frequency Response of Suffering from Fever
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent experienced fever every
bimonthly i.e.37 out of 120 sample size experience fever every bimonthly
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Q.No.3. Do you use OTC drugs or medication for mentioned below indication If Yes, please
indicates the frequency of usage?
8.2.16. Descriptive analysis for representation response to frequency of suffering from pain
Fig.8.21: Indicates the Frequency Response of Suffering from Pain
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent experienced pain every monthly
i.e.36 out of 120 sample size experience pain every monthly
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Q.No.3. Do you use OTC drugs or medication for mentioned below indication If Yes, please
indicates the frequency of usage?
8.2.17. Descriptive analysis for representation response to frequency of suffering from cold
flu
Fig.8.22: Indicates the Frequency Response of Suffering from Cold Flu
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent experienced cold flu every half
yearly i.e.43 out of 120 sample size experience cold flu every half yearly
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Q.No.3. Do you use OTC drugs or medication for mentioned below indication If Yes, please
indicates the frequency of usage?
8.2.18. Descriptive analysis for representation response to frequency of suffering from
acidity
Fig.8.23: Indicates the Frequency Response of Suffering from Acidity
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent experienced acidity every
biweekly i.e.32 out of 120 sample size experience acidity every biweekly
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Q.No.3. Do you use OTC drugs or medication for mentioned below indication If Yes, please
indicates the frequency of usage?
8.2.19. Descriptive analysis for representation response to frequency of suffering from
vomiting
Fig.8.24: Indicates the Frequency Response of Suffering from Vomiting
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent experienced vomiting every half
yearly i.e.48 out of 120 sample size experience vomiting every half yearly
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Q.No.3. Do you use OTC drugs or medication for mentioned below indication If Yes, please
indicates the frequency of usage?
8.2.20. Descriptive analysis for representation response to frequency of suffering from
diahorrea
Fig.8.25: Indicates the Frequency Response of Suffering from Diahorrea
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent experienced diahorrea every
bimonthly i.e.43 out of 120 sample size experience vomiting bimonthly
Q.No.3. Do you use OTC drugs or medication for mentioned below indication If Yes, please
indicates the frequency of usage?
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8.2.21. Descriptive analysis for representation response to frequency usage of vitamin
Fig.8.26: Indicates the Frequency Response Usage of Vitamin
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent use vitamin every half yearly
i.e.37 out of 120 sample size use vitamin every half yearly
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Q.No.3. Do you use OTC drugs or medication for mentioned below indication If Yes, please
indicates the frequency of usage?
8.2.22. Descriptive analysis for representation response to frequency of suffering from skin
disorder
Fig.8.27: Indicates the Frequency of Suffering from Skin Disorder
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent suffering from skin disorder
every bimonthly i.e.28 out of 120 sample size suffering from skin disorder every bimonthly
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Q.No.10.Whose Advice is taken when you decide on which OTC drug to buy?
8.2.23. Descriptive analysis for representation response to an advice taken by doctor to
purchase an OTC product
Fig.8.28: Indicates the Importance of Doctor in Advice to Purchase OTC Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent consider doctor as an important
person to take advice to buy an OTC product i.e.50 out of 120 sample size consider doctor
advice as rank 1 for purchase of OTC medicine
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Q.No.10.Whose Advice is taken when you decide on which OTC drug to buy?
8.2.24. Descriptive analysis for representation response to an advice taken by pharmacist to
purchase an OTC product
Fig.8.29: Indicates the Importance of Pharmacist in Advice to Purchase OTC Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent don’t consider pharmacist as an
important person to take advice to buy an OTC product i.e.46 out of 120 sample size consider
pharmacist advice as rank 4 for purchase of OTC medicine
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Q.No.10.Whose Advice is taken when you decide on which OTC drug to buy?
8.2.25. Descriptive analysis for representation response to an advice taken by family,
friends, colleagues, acquaintance to purchase an OTC product
Fig.8.30: Indicates the Importance of Family, Friends, Colleagues, Acquaintance in Advice to
Purchase OTC Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent consider family, friends,
colleagues, acquaintance as an most important people to take advice to buy an OTC product i.e.
50 out of 120 sample size consider family, friends, colleagues, acquaintance advice as rank 1 for
purchase of OTC medicine
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Q.No.10.Whose Advice is taken when you decide on which OTC drug to buy?
8.2.26. Descriptive analysis for representation response to an advice taken by media
advertisement to purchase an OTC product
Fig.8.31: Indicates the Importance of Media Advertisement in Advice to Purchase OTC
Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent consider media advertisement as
an not so important factor to consider for taking advice to buy an OTC product i.e. 37 out of 120
sample size consider media advertisement advice as rank 6 for purchase of OTC medicine
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Q.No.10.Whose Advice is taken when you decide on which OTC drug to buy?
8.2.27. Descriptive analysis for representation response to an advice taken by past
experience to purchase an OTC product
Fig.8.32: Indicates the Importance of Past Experience as an Advice to Purchase OTC Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent consider past experience as an
important factor to take advice to buy an OTC product i.e.40 out of 120 sample size consider
past experience as an advice on rank 2 for purchase of OTC medicine
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Q.No.10.Whose Advice is taken when you decide on which OTC drug to buy?
8.2.28. Descriptive analysis for representation response to an advice taken by
advertisement on chemist store to purchase an OTC product
Fig.8.33: Indicates the Importance of Advertisement on Chemist Store in Advice to Purchase
OTC Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent consider advertisement on
chemist store as an not so important factor to consider for taking advice to buy an OTC product
i.e. 52 out of 120 sample size consider media advertisement advice as rank 5 for purchase of
OTC medicine
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Q.No.10.Whose Advice is taken when you decide on which OTC drug to buy?
8.2.29. Descriptive analysis for representation response to an advice taken from internet
information to purchase an OTC product
Fig.8.34: Indicates the Importance of Internet Information in Advice to Purchase OTC
Product
From the above figure, we can interpret that most of respondent consider internet information as
an least important factor to consider for taking advice to buy an OTC product i.e. 78 out of 120
sample size consider internet information advice as rank 7 for purchase of OTC medicine
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8.3. DATA INTERPRETATION OR ADVANCE ANALYSIS
8.3.1. Cross Tab
Age * Overall how would you rate your current health
Ho: There is no significant difference between overall health of people and the age of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between the overall health of people and the age of a person
Crosstab Count Overall how would you rate your current health
Total excellent Very good Fair poor Very poor Age Below 25 yrs 4 17 3 0 0 24
Tab.8.1: Crosstab to identify overall health with respect to age of the person
Chi-Square Tests Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 29.598a 12 .003 Likelihood Ratio 34.770 12 .001 Linear-by-Linear Association 18.583 1 .000 N of Valid Cases 120
a. 12 cells (60.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .40.
Tab.8.2: Chi square to measure the overall health with respect to age of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we accept alternative hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha.
There is significant difference between the overall health and the age of the person
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Age * would you say that you are taking more, fewer or about same number of product
than you did five year ago?
Ho: There is no significant difference between number of product usage and the age of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between number of product usage and the age of a person
Crosstab Count Would you say that you are taking more, fewer or about
same number of product than you did five year ago? More Fewer About same Don't know Total Age Below 25 yrs 7 4 11 2 24
Tab.8.3: Crosstab to identify number of product usage with respect to age of the person
Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 9.354a 9 .405 Likelihood Ratio 9.318 9 .408 Linear-by-Linear Association .573 1 .449 N of Valid Cases 120 a. 4 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2.00.
Tab.8.4: Chi square to measure number of product usage with respect to age of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho.
There is no significant difference between number of product usage and the age of the person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 144
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Age * Are you likely to re-read the label again in the following circumstances?
Ho: There is no significant difference between usage of label and the age of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between usage of label and the age of a person
Crosstab Count Are you likely to re-read the label again in the following circumstances?
Total 1 31 42 46 120 Tab.8.21: Crosstab to identify influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to age of the person
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Chi-Square Tests Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 9.649a 9 .380 Likelihood Ratio 9.310 9 .409 Linear-by-Linear Association 1.022 1 .312 N of Valid Cases 120 a. 4 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .20. Tab.8.22: Chi square to measure the influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug
with respect to age of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho. There is no significant difference between past experience as the influence
of purchase of OTC product and the age of the person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 161
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Q.No.6. what makes you take decision on your own to purchase medicine?
Age * Advertisement
Ho: There is no significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and the age of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of OTC
product and the age of a person
Crosstab Count Advertisement Strongly
Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree Total
Total 18 36 39 26 1 120 Tab.8.23: Crosstab to identify influence of advertisement in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to age of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 9.790a 12 .634 Likelihood Ratio 9.729 12 .640 Linear-by-Linear Association
.185 1 .667
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 7 cells (35.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .20. Tab.8.24: Chi square to measure the influence of advertisement in purchase of OTC drug with respect to age of the person Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis Hence, we accept Ho.
There is no significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of OTC
product and the age of the person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 163
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Q.No.6. what makes you take decision on your own to purchase medicine?
Age * Chemist promotion
Ho: There is no significant difference between chemist promotion as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and the age of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between chemist promotion as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and the age of a person
Crosstab Count Chemist promotion Strongly
Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree Total
Total 5 20 32 42 21 120 Tab.8.25: Crosstab to identify influence of chemist promotion in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to age of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 10.573a 12 .566 Likelihood Ratio 11.990 12 .446 Linear-by-Linear Association
1.431 1 .232
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 8 cells (40.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.00. Tab.8.26: Chi square to measure the influence of chemist promotion in purchase of OTC drug with respect to age of the person Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis. Hence, we accept Ho.
There is no significant difference between chemist promotion as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and the age of the person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 165
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Q.No.7. please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug
Age * Family /Friend Recommendation
Ho: There is no significant difference between family or friend recommendation as the influence
of purchase of OTC product and the age of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between family or friend recommendation as the influence
of purchase of OTC product and the age of a person
Total 20 25 26 12 37 120 Tab.8.27: Crosstab to identify influence of family /friends recommendation in purchase of
OTC drug with respect to age of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 7.449a 12 .827 Likelihood Ratio 8.133 12 .775 Linear-by-Linear Association
.070 1 .792
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 6 cells (30.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2.40. Tab.8.28: Chi square to measure the influence of family/friends recommendation in purchase of OTC drug with respect to age of the person Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho.
There is no significant difference between family or friend recommendation as the influence of
purchase of OTC product and the age of the person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 167
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Q.No.8. Have you seen advertisement of OTC drug recently, if Yes, please indicate if you
have use or recommended it to others?
Age * Magazine
Ho: There is no significant difference between advertisement effect of magazine as the influence
of purchase of OTC product and the age of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between advertisement effect of magazine as the influence
of purchase of OTC product and the age of a person
Total 14 50 19 12 14 11 120 Tab.8.29: Crosstab to identify advertisement effect of magazine influences in purchase of
OTC drug with respect to age of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 38.306a 15 .001 Likelihood Ratio 43.827 15 .000 Linear-by-Linear Association
2.499 1 .114
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 19 cells (79.2%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2.20. Tab.8.30: Chi square to measure advertisement effect of magazine influences in purchase of OTC drug with respect to age of the person Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha.
There is significant difference between advertisement effect of magazine as the influence of
purchase of OTC product and the age of the person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 169
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Gender * Overall how would you rate your current health?
Ho: There is no significant difference between overall health and gender of people
Ha: There is a significant difference between overall health and gender of people
Crosstab Count Overall how would you rate your current health?
Excellent Very good good Poor Very poor Total
Gender Male 4 25 17 9 2 57 Female 7 36 16 4 0 63
Total 11 61 33 13 2 120
Tab.8.31: Crosstab to identify overall health with respect to gender of the person
Chi-Square Tests Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 6.471a 4 .167 Likelihood Ratio 7.299 4 .121 Linear-by-Linear Association 5.711 1 .017 N of Valid Cases 120 a. 2 cells (20.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .95.
Tab.8.32: Chi square to measure the overall health with respect to gender of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho and reject Ha.
There is no significant difference between overall health and gender of people
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Gender * Would you say that you are taking more, fewer or about same number of product
than you did five year ago?
Crosstab Count Would you say that you are taking more, fewer or about
same number of product than you did five year ago? More Fewer About same Don't know Total Gender Male 20 14 18 5 57
Female 21 21 16 5 63 Total 41 35 34 10 120
Tab.8.33: Crosstab to identify number of product usage with respect to gender of the person
Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 1.245a 3 .742 Likelihood Ratio 1.251 3 .741 Linear-by-Linear Association
.117 1 .733
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 1 cells (12.5%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.75.
Tab.8.34: Chi square to measure number of product usage with respect to gender of the
person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho and reject Ha
There is no significant difference between number of product usage and gender
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 171
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Gender * Are you likely to re-read the label again in the following circumstances?
Ho: There is no significant difference between usage of packaging instruction and gender of
people
Ha: There is a significant difference between usage of packaging instruction and gender of
people
Crosstab Count Are you likely to re-read the label again in the
following circumstances?
OTC medicine to a child
OTC medicine with prescription drug at same
OTC medicine with OTC medicine at same time
Don't read label Other Total
Gender Male 24 5 2 25 1 57 Female 28 4 4 26 1 63
Total 52 9 6 51 2 120 Tab.8.35: Crosstab to identify usage of packaging labels with respect to gender of the person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 172
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square .807a 4 .937 Likelihood Ratio .818 4 .936 Linear-by-Linear Association
.039 1 .844
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 6 cells (60.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .95.
Tab.8.36: Chi square to measure usage of packaging labels with respect to gender of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho and reject Ha.
There is no significant difference between usage of packaging instruction and gender of people
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 173
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Gender * If you have more than one symptom at same time like headache, sore throat, how
likely are you to take more than one OTC medicine?
Ho: There is no significant difference between usage of multiple drug and gender of people
Ha: There is a significant difference between usage of multiple drug and gender of people
Crosstab Count If you have more than one symptom at same time like headache, sore
throat, how likely are you to take more than one OTC medicine? Not at all
Total 2 15 19 22 28 22 12 120 Tab.8.45: Crosstab to identify the frequency of suffering from skin disorder with respect to
gender of the person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 179
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 1.625a 6 .951 Likelihood Ratio 1.629 6 .950 Linear-by-Linear Association
.045 1 .833
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 2 cells (14.3%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .95.
Tab.8.46: Chi square to measure the frequency of suffering from skin disorder with respect to
gender of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis Hence, we accept Ho
and reject Ha. There is no significant difference between frequency of skin problem suffering
and gender of people
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 180
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Q.No.6. what makes you take decision on your own to purchase medicine?
Gender * Past experience
Ho: There is no significant difference between past experience as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and gender of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between past experience as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and gender of a person
Crosstab Count Past experience Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree Total Gender Male 0 15 22 20 57
Female 1 16 20 26 63 Total 1 31 42 46 120 Tab.8.47: Crosstab to identify influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to gender of the person
Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 1.614a 3 .656 Likelihood Ratio 1.999 3 .573 Linear-by-Linear Association
.069 1 .793
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 2 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .48. Tab.8.48: Chi square to measure the influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug
with respect to gender of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis Hence, we accept Ho
and reject Ha. aThere is no significant difference between past experience as the influence of
purchase of OTC product and gender of a person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 181
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Q.No.6. what makes you take decision on your own to purchase medicine?
Gender * Advertisement
Ho: There is no significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and gender of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of OTC
product and gender of a person
Crosstab Count Advertisement Strongly
Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree Total
Total 18 36 39 26 1 120 Tab.8.49: Crosstab to identify influence of advertisement in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to gender of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 3.298a 4 .509 Likelihood Ratio 3.691 4 .449 Linear-by-Linear Association
.144 1 .704
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 2 cells (20.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .48. Tab.8.50: Chi square to measure the influence of advertisement in purchase of OTC drug
with respect to gender of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis Hence, we accept Ho.
There is no significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of OTC
product and gender of a person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 183
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Q.No.7. please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug?
Gender * Price
Ho: There is no significant difference between price as an attribute that influence of purchase of
OTC product and gender of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between price as an attribute that influence of purchase of
OTC product and gender of a person
Crosstab Count Price Of little
importance Moderately important Important Very important Total
Gender Male 19 18 12 8 57 Female 9 9 26 19 63
Total 28 27 38 27 120 Tab.8.51: Crosstab to identify influence of price in purchase of OTC drug with respect to
gender of the person
Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 15.951a 3 .001 Likelihood Ratio 16.305 3 .001 Linear-by-Linear Association
13.020 1 .000
N of Valid Cases 120 Tab.8.52: Chi square to measure the influence of price in purchase of OTC drug with respect
to gender of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha and reject Ho. There is significant difference between price as an attribute
that influence of purchase of OTC product and gender of a person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 184
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Q.No.7. please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug?
Gender * Promotion
Ho: There is no significant difference between promotion as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and gender of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between promotion as an attribute that influence of purchase
Total 3 27 36 40 14 120 Tab.8.53: Crosstab to identify influence of promotion in purchase of OTC drug with respect to
gender of the person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 185
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 6.971a 4 .137 Likelihood Ratio 8.166 4 .086 Linear-by-Linear Association
.363 1 .547
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 2 cells (20.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.43. Tab.8.54: Chi square to measure the influence of promotion in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to gender of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho and reject Ha. There is no significant difference between promotion as an
attribute that influence of purchase of OTC product and gender of a person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 186
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Q.No.7. please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug?
Gender * Pharmacist recommendation
Ho: There is no significant difference between pharmacist recommendation as an attribute that
influence of purchase of OTC product and gender of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between pharmacist recommendation as an attribute that
influence of purchase of OTC product and gender of a person
Total 20 63 37 120 Tab.8.55: Crosstab to identify influence of Pharmacist recommendation in purchase of OTC
drug with respect to gender of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square .593a 2 .743 Likelihood Ratio .594 2 .743 Linear-by-Linear Association
.084 1 .772
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 9.50. Tab.8.56: Chi square to measure the influence of Pharmacist recommendation in purchase of
OTC drug with respect to gender of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho. There is no significant difference between pharmacist recommendation as
an attribute that influence of purchase of OTC product and gender of a person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 188
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Q.No.7. please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug?
Gender * Family /Friend Recommendation
Ho: There is no significant difference between family or friend recommendation as an attribute
that influence of purchase of OTC product and gender of a person
Ha: There is a significant difference between family or friend recommendation as an attribute
that influence of purchase of OTC product and gender of a person
Tab.8.79: Crosstab to identify the frequency of suffering from vitamin with respect to nature
of family of the person
Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 13.154a 6 .041 Likelihood Ratio 13.730 6 .033 Linear-by-Linear Association
1.904 1 .168
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 5 cells (35.7%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.57.
Tab.8.80: Chi square to measure the frequency of suffering from vitamin with respect to
nature of family of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha and reject Ho.
There is significant difference between frequency of vitamin usage and nature of family
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 202
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Q.No.6. what makes you take decision on your own to purchase medicine?
Nature of family * Past experience
Ho: There is no significant difference between past experience as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and nature of family
Ha: There is a significant difference between past experience as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and nature of family
Crosstab Count Past experience Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree Total Nature of family Nuclear 1 22 29 21 73
Joint 0 9 13 25 47 Total 1 31 42 46 120 Tab.8.81: Crosstab to identify influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to nature of family of the person
Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 7.619a 3 .055 Likelihood Ratio 7.932 3 .047 Linear-by-Linear Association
6.222 1 .013
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 2 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .39. Tab.8.82: Chi square to measure the influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug
with respect to nature of family of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho. There is no significant difference between past experience as the influence
of purchase of OTC product and nature of family
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 203
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Q.No.6. what makes you take decision on your own to purchase medicine?
Nature of family * Advertisement
Ho: There is no significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and nature of family
Ha: There is a significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of OTC
product and nature of family
Crosstab Count Advertisement Strongly
Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree Total
Nature of family
Nuclear 12 23 26 11 1 73 Joint 6 13 13 15 0 47
Total 18 36 39 26 1 120 Tab.8.83: Crosstab to identify influence of advertisement in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to nature of family of the person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 204
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 5.344a 4 .254 Likelihood Ratio 5.597 4 .231 Linear-by-Linear Association
1.787 1 .181
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 2 cells (20.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .39. Tab.8.84: Chisquare to measure the influence of advertisement in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to nature of family of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho.There is no significant difference between advertisement as the influence
of purchase of OTC product and nature of family
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 205
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Q.No.7. Please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug
Nature of family * Price
Ho: There is no significant difference between price as an attribute that influence of purchase of
OTC product and nature of family
Ha: There is a significant difference between price as an attribute that influence of purchase of
OTC product and nature of family
Crosstab Count Price Of little
importance Moderately important Important
Very important Total
Nature of family
Nuclear 20 16 22 15 73 Joint 8 11 16 12 47
Total 28 27 38 27 120 Tab.8.85: Crosstab to identify influence of price in purchase of OTC drug with respect to
nature of family of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 1.801a 3 .615 Likelihood Ratio 1.852 3 .604 Linear-by-Linear Association
1.430 1 .232
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 10.58. Tab.8.86: Chi square to measure the influence of price in purchase of OTC drug with respect
to nature of family of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho. There is no significant difference between price as an attribute that
influence of purchase of OTC product and nature of family
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 207
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Q.No.7. Please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug
Nature of family * past experience
Ho: There is no significant difference between past experience as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and nature of family
Ha: There is a significant difference between past experience as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and nature of family
Crosstab Count past experience Moderately
important Important Very important Total Nature of family Nuclear 24 31 18 73
Joint 10 27 10 47 Total 34 58 28 120 Tab.8.87: Crosstab to identify influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to nature of family of the person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 208
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 2.826a 2 .243 Likelihood Ratio 2.855 2 .240 Linear-by-Linear Association
.373 1 .542
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 0 cells (.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 10.97. Tab.8.88: Chi square to measure the influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug
with respect to nature of family of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho. There is no significant difference between past experience as an attribute
that influence of purchase of OTC product and nature of family
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 209
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Q.No.7. Please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug
Nature of family * Family /Friend Recommendation
Ho: There is no significant difference between family/friend recommendation as an attribute that
influence of purchase of OTC product and nature of family
Ha: There is a significant difference between family/friend recommendation as an attribute that
influence of purchase of OTC product and nature of family
Crosstab Count Family /Friend Recommendation
Unimportant Of little importance
Moderately important Important
Very important Total
Nature of family
Nuclear 13 14 15 7 24 73 Joint 7 11 11 5 13 47
Total 20 25 26 12 37 120 Tab.8.89: Crosstab to identify influence of family /friends recommendation in purchase of
OTC drug with respect to nature of family of the person
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 210
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square .782a 4 .941 Likelihood Ratio .784 4 .941 Linear-by-Linear Association
.079 1 .779
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 1 cells (10.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 4.70. Tab.8.90: Chi square to measure the influence of family /friends recommendation in purchase
of OTC drug with respect to nature of family of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho. There is no significant difference between family/friend recommendation
as an attribute that influence of purchase of OTC product and nature of family
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 211
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Q.No.8. Have you seen advertisement of OTC drug recently, if Yes, please indicate if you
have use or recommended it to others?
Nature of family * Television
Ho: There is no significant difference between advertisement effect of television on purchase of
OTC product and nature of family
Ha: There is a significant difference between advertisement effect of television on purchase of
OTC product and nature of family
Crosstab
Television
Definitely recommend/use
Probably will recommend/ use
Not sure
Probably will not recommend /use
Definitely will
not
recommend/use Total
Nature of family
Nuclear 15 16 16 20 6 73
Joint 5 12 9 17 4 47
Total 20 28 25 37 10 120
Tab.8.91: Crosstab to identify advertisement effect of television influences in purchase of OTC
drug with respect to nature of family of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 2.667a 4 .615 Likelihood Ratio 2.760 4 .599 Linear-by-Linear Association
1.208 1 .272
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 1 cells (10.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 3.92.
Tab.8.92: Chi square to measure advertisement effect of television influences in purchase of
OTC drug with respect to nature of family of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho.
There is no significant difference between advertisement effect of television on purchase of OTC
product and nature of family
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 213
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Q.No.10. Whose Advice is taken when you decide on which OTC drug to buy? Rank
accordingly
Nature of family * Past experience
Crosstab
Ho. There is no significant relation between nature family and past
experiences as a parameter of advice to purchase an OTC product
Ha .There is significant relation between nature family and past experiences as
a parameter of advice to purchase an OTC product
Count
Past experience
Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 4 Rank 5 Rank 6 Total
Nature of
family
Nuclear 1 29 11 11 9 12 73
Joint 1 11 17 10 5 3 47
Total 2 40 28 21 14 15 120
Tab.8.93: Crosstab to identify past experience as a mean of advice which influences in
purchase of OTC drug with respect to nature of family of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 10.852a 5 .054 Likelihood Ratio 11.005 5 .051 Linear-by-Linear Association
.223 1 .636
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 2 cells (16.7%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .78. Tab.8.94: Chi square to measure past experience as a mean of advice which influences in
purchase of OTC drug with respect to nature of family of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we reject Ho and accept Ha.
There is significant relation between nature family and past experiences as a parameter of advice
to purchase an OTC product
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Q.No.10. Whose Advice is taken when you decide on which OTC drug to buy? Rank
accordingly
Nature of family * Advertisement on chemist store
Ho. There is no significant relation between nature family and advertisement chemist store as a
parameter of advice to purchase an OTC product
Ha. There is significant relation between nature family and advertisement chemist store as a
parameter of advice to purchase an OTC product
Crosstab Count Advertisement on chemist store Rank 1 Rank 2 Rank 3 Rank 5 Rank 6 Rank 7 Total Nature of family
Nuclear 0 13 0 36 14 10 73 Joint 1 3 1 16 20 6 47
Total 1 16 1 52 34 16 120 Tab.8.95: Crosstab to identify advertisement chemist store as a mean of advice which
influences in purchase of OTC drug with respect to nature of family of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 12.977a 5 .024 Likelihood Ratio 13.802 5 .017 Linear-by-Linear Association
2.414 1 .120
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 4 cells (33.3%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .39.
Tab.8.96: Chi square to measure advertisement chemist store as a mean of advice which
influences in purchase of OTC drug with respect to nature of family of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we reject Ho and accept Ha.
There is significant relation between nature family and past experiences as a parameter of advice
to purchase an OTC product
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Education * Think about the condition, when you had suffered from some general problem
like cold , cough, sore throat etc. recently, what did you do generally in these ailments?
Ho: There is no significant difference between approach to find treatment and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between approach to find treatment and education
Crosstab Count Think about the condition, when you had suffered from some general
problem like cold , cough, sore throat etc.recently, what did you do generally in these ailments?
Used medicine already at home
See doctor
Purchased OTC medicine
Purchased prescription drug
Use home remedy
Used nothing Total
Education School level 5 0 1 1 3 1 11 Graduate 9 13 16 6 2 2 48 Post graduate
2 5 8 2 2 2 21
Professional 3 6 10 12 6 3 40 Total 19 24 35 21 13 8 120
Tab.8.97: Crosstab to identify approach to find treatment for general ailment with respect to
education of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 27.009a 15 .029 Likelihood Ratio 27.514 15 .025 Linear-by-Linear Association
5.724 1 .017
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 14 cells (58.3%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .73.
Tab.8.98: Chi square to measure to find treatment for general ailment with respect to
education of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we reject Ho and accept Ha.
There is significant difference between approach to find treatment and education
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Education * Would you say that you are taking more, fewer or about same number of
product than you did five year ago?
Ho: There is no significant difference between number of product usage and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between number of product usage and education
Crosstab Count Would you say that you are taking more, fewer or about
same number of product than you did five year ago? More Fewer About same Don't know Total Education School level 0 4 5 2 11
Graduate 12 17 13 6 48 Post graduate 7 7 7 0 21 Professional 22 7 9 2 40
Total 41 35 34 10 120
Tab.8.99: Crosstab to identify number of product usage with respect to education of the
person
Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 19.248a 9 .023 Likelihood Ratio 23.811 9 .005 Linear-by-Linear Association
11.364 1 .001
0N of Valid Cases 120
Tab.8.100: Chi square to measure number of product usage with respect to education of the
person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis, Hence we reject Ho and
accept Ha. There is significant difference between number of product usage and education
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Education * Are you likely to re-read the label again in the following circumstances?
Ho: There is no significant difference between usage of packaging instruction and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between usage of packaging instruction and education
Crosstab Count Are you likely to re-read the label again in the following
Tab.8.113: Crosstab to identify the frequency of suffering from skin disorder with respect to
education of the person
Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 28.313a 18 .057 Likelihood Ratio 26.906 18 .081 Linear-by-Linear Association
.072 1 .788
N of Valid Cases 120
Tab.8.114: Chi square to measure the frequency of suffering from skin disorder with respect
to education of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis hence, we accept Ho and
reject Ha. There is no significant difference between frequency of skin disorder and education
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Q.No.6. what makes you take decision on your own to purchase medicine?
Education * Past experience
Ho: There is no significant difference between past experience as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between past experience as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and education
Crosstab Past experience Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree Total Education School level 0 3 4 4 11
Graduate 1 10 20 17 48 Post graduate 0 5 5 11 21 Professional 0 13 13 14 40
Total 1 31 42 46 120 Tab.8.115: Crosstab to identify influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to education of the person
Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 5.448a 9 .794 Likelihood Ratio 5.718 9 .768 Linear-by-Linear Association
.091 1 .763
N of Valid Cases 120 Tab.8.116: Chi square to measure the influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug with respect to education of the person Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis hence, we accept Ho and
reject Ha There is no significant difference between past experience as the influence of purchase
of OTC product and education
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Q.No.6. what makes you take decision on your own to purchase medicine?
Education * Advertisement
Ho: There is no significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of OTC
product and education
Crosstab Count Advertisement Strongly
Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Strongly Agree Total
Total 18 36 39 26 1 120 Tab.8.117: Crosstab to identify influence of advertisement in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to education of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 10.434a 12 .578 Likelihood Ratio 11.692 12 .471 Linear-by-Linear Association
.949 1 .330
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 10 cells (50.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .09. Tab.8.118: Chi square to measure the influence of advertisement in purchase of OTC drug
with respect to education of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho and reject Ha
There is no significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of OTC
product and education
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Q.No.6. what makes you take decision on your own to purchase medicine?
Education * Save the cost of doctor visit
Ho: There is no significant difference between save cost to visit doctor as the influence of
purchase of OTC product and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between save cost to visit doctor as the influence of
purchase of OTC product and education
Crosstab Count Save the cost of doctor visit Strongly
Disagree Disagree Undecided Agree Total Education School level 6 3 2 0 11
Graduate 7 19 11 11 48 Post graduate 1 5 10 5 21 Professional 8 16 11 5 40
Total 22 43 34 21 120 Tab.8.119: Crosstab to identify influence of saving the cost to visit doctor in purchase of OTC
drug with respect to education of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 19.303a 9 .023 Likelihood Ratio 19.084 9 .024 Linear-by-Linear Association
.597 1 .440
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 6 cells (37.5%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.93. Tab.8.120: Chi square to measure the influence of saving the cost to visit doctor in purchase
of OTC drug with respect to education of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha and reject Ho.
There is significant difference between save cost to visit doctor as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and education
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Q.No.7. Please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug
Education * Price
Ho: There is no significant difference between price as an attribute that influence of purchase of
OTC product and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between price as an attribute that influence of purchase of
OTC product and education
Crosstab Count Price Of little
importance Moderately important Important
Very important Total
Education School level 3 2 3 3 11 Graduate 14 8 15 11 48 Post graduate 2 6 10 3 21 Professional 9 11 10 10 40
Total 28 27 38 27 120 Tab.8.121: Crosstab to identify influence of price in purchase of OTC drug with respect to
education of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 7.282a 9 .608 Likelihood Ratio 7.650 9 .570 Linear-by-Linear Association
.027 1 .869
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 7 cells (43.8%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2.48. Tab.8.122: Chi square to measure the influence of price in purchase of OTC drug with respect
to education of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha and reject Ho.
There is significant difference between price as an attribute that influence of purchase of OTC
product and education
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Q.No.7. Please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug
Education * Promotion
Ho: There is no significant difference between promotion as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between promotion as an attribute that influence of purchase
of OTC product and education
Crosstab Count Promotion
Unimportant Of little importance
Moderately important Important
Very important Total
Education School level 1 1 4 1 4 11 Graduate 0 11 13 21 3 48 Post graduate
0 5 8 6 2 21
Professional 2 10 11 12 5 40 Total 3 27 36 40 14 120 Tab.8.123: Crosstab to identify influence of promotion in purchase of OTC drug with respect
to education of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 17.315a 12 .138 Likelihood Ratio 17.079 12 .147 Linear-by-Linear Association
.969 1 .325
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 11 cells (55.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .28. Tab.8.124: Chi square to measure the influence of promotion in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to education of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha and reject Ho.
There is significant difference between promotion as an attribute that influence of purchase of
OTC product and education
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Q.No.7. Please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug
Education * Advertisement
Ho: There is no significant difference between advertisement as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between advertisement as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and education
Crosstab Count Advertisement
Unimportant Of little importance
Moderately important Important Total
Education School level 3 2 6 0 11 Graduate 9 16 16 7 48 Post graduate 7 9 4 1 21 Professional 12 13 11 4 40
Total 31 40 37 12 120 Tab.8.125: Crosstab to identify influence of advertisement in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to education of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 8.882a 9 .448 Likelihood Ratio 9.923 9 .357 Linear-by-Linear Association
1.376 1 .241
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 7 cells (43.8%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.10. Tab.8.126: Chi square to measure the influence of
advertisement in purchase of OTC drug with respect to
education of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha and reject Ho.
There is significant difference between advertisement as an attribute that influence of purchase
of OTC product and education
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Q.No.7. Please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug
Education * past experience
Ho: There is no significant difference between past experience as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between past experience as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and education
Crosstab Count past experience Moderately
important Important Very important Total Education School level 5 3 3 11
Graduate 12 23 13 48 Post graduate 6 13 2 21 Professional 11 19 10 40
Total 34 58 28 120 Tab.8.127: Crosstab to identify influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to education of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 5.280a 6 .508 Likelihood Ratio 5.715 6 .456 Linear-by-Linear Association
.004 1 .950
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 3 cells (25.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2.57. Tab.8.128: Chi square to measure the influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug
with respect to education of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha and reject Ho.
There is significant difference between past experience as an attribute that influence of purchase
of OTC product and education
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Q.No.7. Please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug
Education * Family /Friend Recommendation
Ho: There is no significant difference between family/friend recommendation as an attribute that
influence of purchase of OTC product and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between family /friend recommendation as an attribute that
influence of purchase of OTC product and education
Crosstab Count Family /Friend Recommendation
Unimportant Of little importance
Moderately important Important
Very important Total
Education School level 2 0 4 2 3 11 Graduate 6 11 13 5 13 48 Post graduate
3 3 4 4 7 21
Professional 9 11 5 1 14 40 Total 20 25 26 12 37 120 Tab.8.129: Crosstab to identify influence of family /friends recommendation in purchase of
OTC drug with respect to education of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 13.690a 12 .321 Likelihood Ratio 16.441 12 .172 Linear-by-Linear Association
.423 1 .516
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 11 cells (55.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.10. Tab.8.130: Chi square to measure the influence of family /friends recommendation in
purchase of OTC drug with respect to education of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha and reject Ho.
There is significant difference between family/friend recommendation as an attribute that
influence of purchase of OTC product and education
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Q.No.8. Have you seen advertisement of OTC drug recently, if Yes, please indicate if you
have use or recommended it to others?
Education * Newspaper
Ho: There is no significant difference between advertisement effect of newspaper on purchase of
OTC product and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between advertisement effect of newspaper on purchase of
OTC product and education
Crosstab Count Newspaper
Definitely recommend/use
Probably will recommend/ use
Not sure
Probably will not recommend /use
Definitely will not recommend/use
Never used/ Recommended
Total
Education
School level
0 4 1 3 1 2 11
Graduate 0 15 9 9 11 4 48 Post graduate
1 7 1 3 6 3 21
Professional
5 15 6 6 5 3 40
Total 6 41 17 21 23 12 120 Tab.8.131: Crosstab to identify advertisement effect of newspaper influences in purchase of
OTC drug with respect to education of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 15.211a 15 .436 Likelihood Ratio 17.137 15 .311 Linear-by-Linear Association
3.137 1 .077
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 15 cells (62.5%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .55.
Tab.8.132: Chi square to measure advertisement effect of newspaper influences in purchase
of OTC drug with respect to education of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho.
There is no significant difference between advertisement effect of newspaper on purchase of
OTC product and education
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Q.No.8. Have you seen advertisement of OTC drug recently, if Yes, please indicate if you
have use or recommended it to others?
Education * Magazine
Ho: There is no significant difference between advertisement effect of magazine on purchase of
OTC product and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between advertisement effect of magazine on purchase of
OTC product and education
Crosstab Count Magazine
Definitely recommend/use
Probably will recommend/ use
Not sure
Probably will not recommend /use
Definitely will not recommend/use
Never used/ Recommended
Total
Education
School level
1 6 1 1 1 1 11
Graduate 9 21 10 2 4 2 48 Post graduate
0 8 2 4 4 3 21
Professional
4 15 6 5 5 5 40
Total 14 50 19 12 14 11 120 Tab.8.133: Crosstab to identify advertisement effect of magazine influences in purchase of
OTC drug with respect to education of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 14.540a 15 .485 Likelihood Ratio 16.900 15 .325 Linear-by-Linear Association
3.758 1 .053
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 17 cells (70.8%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 1.01.
Tab.8.134: Chi square to measure advertisement effect of magazine influences in purchase of
OTC drug with respect to education of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho.
There is no significant difference between advertisement effect of magazine on purchase of OTC
product and education
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Q.No.8. Have you seen advertisement of OTC drug recently, if Yes, please indicate if you
have use or recommended it to others?
Education * Chemist shop
Ho: There is no significant difference between advertisement effect of chemist shop on purchase
of OTC product and education
Ha: There is a significant difference between advertisement effect of chemist shop on purchase
of OTC product and education
Crosstab Count Chemist shop
Definitely recommend/use
Probably will recommend/ use
Not sure
Probably will not recommend /use
Definitely will not recommend/use
Never used/ Recommended
Total
Education
School level
4 2 1 1 2 1 11
Graduate 18 15 9 4 1 1 48 Post graduate
8 4 5 3 1 0 21
Professional
9 4 4 6 10 7 40
Total 39 25 19 14 14 9 120 Tab.8.135: Crosstab to identify advertisement effect of chemist shop influences in purchase of
OTC drug with respect to education of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 29.932a 15 .012 Likelihood Ratio 31.846 15 .007 Linear-by-Linear Association
11.582 1 .001
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 15 cells (62.5%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .83.
Tab.8.136: Chi square to measure advertisement effect of chemist shop influences in purchase
of OTC drug with respect to education of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha, hence reject Ho
There is significant difference between advertisement effect of chemist shop on purchase of OTC
product and education
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Occupation * Overall how would you rate your current health?
Ho: There is no significant difference between overall health and occupation
Ha: There is a significant difference between overall health and occupation
Crosstab Count Overall how would you rate your current health? Excellent Very good good Poor Very poor Total Occupation Business 4 20 9 3 2 38
Service 4 27 19 8 0 58 Student 3 14 5 2 0 24
Total 11 61 33 13 2 120
Tab.8.137: Crosstab to identify overall health with respect to occupation of the person
Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 7.591a 8 .474 Likelihood Ratio 7.884 8 .445 Linear-by-Linear Association
.485 1 .486
N of Valid Cases 120 a. 7 cells (46.7%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is .40.
Tab.8.138: Chi square to measure the overall health with respect to occupation of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ho and reject Ha.
There is no significant difference between overall health and occupation
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Occupation * Based on what you know, what is most accurate way to determine the
amount of medicine to be taken in particular indication?
Ho: There is no significant difference between knowledge of dosing and occupation
Ha: There is a significant difference between knowledge of dosing and occupation
Crosstab Count Based on what you know, what is most accurate way to determine
the amount of medicine to be taken in particular indication?
Total 5 36 31 29 18 120 Tab.8.149: Crosstab to identify influence of availability of time to visit doctor in purchase of
OTC drug with respect to occupation of the person
Chi-Square Tests Value df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 11.092a 10 .350 Likelihood Ratio 12.679 10 .242 Linear-by-Linear Association 1.343 1 .246 N of Valid Cases 120 . Tab.8.150: Chi square to measure the influence of availability of time to visit in purchase of
OTC drug with respect to occupation of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square >0.05, we accept Ho null hypothesis hence, we accept Ho.
There is no significant difference between availability of time to visit doctor as the influence of
purchase of OTC product and occupation
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Q.No.7. Please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug
Occupation * past experience
Ho: There is no significant difference between past experience as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and occupation
Ha: There is a significant difference between past experience as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and occupation
Crosstab Count past experience Moderately
important Important Very important Total Occupation Business 14 18 6 38
Service 15 32 11 58 Student 5 8 11 24
Total 34 58 28 120 Tab.8.151: Crosstab to identify influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug with
respect to occupation of the person
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Chi-Square Tests
Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided)
Pearson Chi-Square 9.867a 4 .043 Likelihood Ratio 8.946 4 .062 Linear-by-Linear Association
5.652 1 .017
N of Valid Cases 120 Tab.8.152: Chi square to measure the influence of past experience in purchase of OTC drug
with respect to occupation of the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis hence, we accept Ha and
reject Ho .There is significant difference between past experience as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and occupation
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Maritial Status * Have you ever taken more than the recommended dose of a non-
prescription medicine?
Ho: There is no significant difference between overdosage of OTC medicine and marital status
Ha: There is a significant difference between overdosage of OTC medicine and marital status
Crosstab Count Have you ever taken more than the
recommended dose of a non-prescription medicine?
Yes NO Not sure Total Maritial Status Single 4 11 9 24
Married 34 19 35 88 Divorce 4 0 4 8
Total 42 30 48 120
Tab.8.153: Crosstab to identify excessive usage of medicine with respect to marital status of
the person
Chi-Square Tests Value Df Asymp. Sig. (2-sided) Pearson Chi-Square 9.966a 4 .041 Likelihood Ratio 11.628 4 .020 Linear-by-Linear Association .784 1 .376 N of Valid Cases 120 a. 3 cells (33.3%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 2.00.
Tab.8.154: Chi square to measure excessive usage of medicine with respect to marital status of
the person
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha and reject Ho.
There is significant difference between overdosage of OTC medicine and marital status
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Q.No.3. Do you use OTC drugs or medication for mentioned below indication If Yes, please
indicates the frequency of usage?
Marital Status * Cold, Flu
Ho: There is no significant difference between frequency of cold flu suffering and marital status
Ha: There is a significant difference between frequency of cold flu suffering and marital status
Crosstab Count Cold, Flu
Weekly Biweekly Monthly Bimonthly Half yearly Yearly Total
Total 960 3.5396 1.13550 .03665 3.4677 3.6115 1.00 5.00
Tab.8.163: Indicates the descriptive analysis of important parameter to purchase an OTC
product
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ANOVA VAR00002 Sum of
Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups 338.263 7 48.323 51.216 .000 Within Groups 898.233 952 .944
Total 1236.496 959 Tab.8.164: ANOVA to measure the difference amongst the parameter to purchase an OTC
drug
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha and reject Ho.
There is a significant difference across the parameter in an OTC product
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POST-HOC-TUKEY TEST
VAR00002 Tukey HSDa VAR00001 N Subset for alpha = 0.05
1 2 3 4 Advertisement 120 2.2500 Family and Friends recommendation 120 3.1750 Promotion 120 3.2917 Price 120 3.5333 3.5333 Physician Recommendation 120 3.8667 3.8667 Past experience 120 3.9500 Brand Name 120 4.1083 Pharmacist recommendation 120 4.1417 Sig. 1.000 .083 .137 .357 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 120.000. Tab.8.165: Tukey to identify the most important parameter to purchase an OTC drug
From the above Tab., we can see the most important parameter or attribute on which OTC
product always need to deliver are respectively
1. Pharmacist Recommendation
2. Brand Name
3. Past experience
4. Physician recommendation
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Q.No.6 what makes you take decision on your own to purchase medicine
8.2.2.2. ANOVA for parameters which influences the consumer to purchase OTC medicine
on their own
Ho: There is no significant difference across the parameters of influence for consumer to
purchase OTC medicine on their own
Ha: There is a significant difference across the parameters of influence for consumer to purchase
OTC medicine on their own
Descriptives VAR00002
N Mean
Std. Deviation
Std. Error
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
Minimum Maximum Lower
Bound Upper Bound
Past experience 120 4.1083 .81782 .07466 3.9605 4.2562 2.00 5.00 Advertisement 120 2.6333 1.01197 .09238 2.4504 2.8163 1.00 5.00 Lack of time to visit doctor
120 3.1500 1.14238 .10428 2.9435 3.3565 1.00 5.00
Save the cost of doctor visit
120 2.4500 .98604 .09001 2.2718 2.6282 1.00 4.00
Chemist promotion 120 3.4500 1.09122 .09961 3.2528 3.6472 1.00 5.00 Internet & blog recommendation
120 1.5750 .58930 .05380 1.4685 1.6815 1.00 3.00
Total 720 2.8944 1.24696 .04647 2.8032 2.9857 1.00 5.00
Tab.8.166: Indicates the descriptive analysis of important parameter that influence the
consumer to purchase OTC medicine on their own
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ANOVA VAR00002 Sum of
Squares Df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups 462.494 5 92.499 100.757 .000 Within Groups 655.483 714 .918
Total 1117.978 719 Tab.8.167: ANOVA to measure the difference amongst the parameter to that influence the
consumer to purchase OTC medicine on their own
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha and reject Ho.
There is a significant difference across the parameters of influence for consumer to purchase
OTC medicine on their own
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VAR00002 Tukey HSDa
VAR00001 N Subset for alpha = 0.05
1 2 3 4
Internet & blog recommendation 120 1.5750
Save the cost of doctor visit 120 2.4500
Advertisement 120 2.6333
Lack of time to visit doctor 120 3.1500
Chemist promotion 120 3.4500
Past experience 120 4.1083 Sig. 1.000 .676 .149 1.000 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed.
a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 120.000.
Tab.8.168: Tukey to identify the most important parameter that influence the consumer to
purchase OTC medicine on their own
From the above Tab., we can see the most important parameter of influence for consumer to
purchase OTC medicine on their own is Past Experience
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Q.No.8. Have you seen advertisement of OTC drug recently, if Yes, please indicate if you
have use or recommended it to others? Accordingly
8.2.2.3. ANOVA to find out the most effective medium of advertisement which leads to use
or recommendation of an OTC product
Ho: There is no significant difference across the different medium of advertisement which leads
to use or recommendation of an OTC product
Ha: There is a significant difference across the different medium of advertisement which leads to
Total 720 2.9347 1.49637 .05577 2.8252 3.0442 1.00 6.00
Tab.8.169: Indicates the descriptive analysis of different types of mediums of advertisement
used to promote an OTC product
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ANOVA VAR00002 Sum of
Squares Df Mean Square F Sig.
Between Groups 118.324 5 23.665 11.328 .000 Within Groups 1491.608 714 2.089
Total 1609.932 719 Tab.8.170: ANOVA to measure the difference between the different medium of advertisement
which leads to use or recommendation of an OTC product
Since, Value of Pearson chi square <0.05, we reject Ho null hypothesis
Hence, we accept Ha and reject Ho.
There is a significant difference across the different medium of advertisement which leads to use
or recommendation of an OTC product
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VAR00002 Tukey HSDa
VAR00001 N Subset for alpha = 0.05
1 2 3
Doctors cabin 120 2.2250
Chemist shop 120 2.7167 2.7167
Television 120 2.9083 2.9083 Magazine 120 2.9583 2.9583 Internet 120 3.3833 Newspaper 120 3.4167 Sig. .090 .788 .072 Means for groups in homogeneous subsets are displayed. a. Uses Harmonic Mean Sample Size = 120.000. Tab.8.171: Tukey to identify the most important medium of advertisement which leads the
consumer to use or recommendation of an OTC product
From the above Tab., we can see the most important medium of advertisement which leads the
consumer to use or recommendation of an OTC product is respectively
1. Newspaper
2. Internet
3. Magazine
4. Television
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Q.No.7. Please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug
8.2.2.4. TWO WAY ANOVA WITH REPLICATION FOR AGE AND GENDER OF
RESPONDENT WITH ATTRIBUTES IMPORTANT FOR PURCHASE OF OTC
PRODUCT
8.2.2.4.1. BRAND NAME
Descriptive Statistics Dependent Variable: Brand name
Age Gender Mean Std. Deviation N
Below 25 yrs Male 3.82 .751 11 Female 4.23 .725 13 Total 4.04 .751 24
25-35 Male 3.95 .780 19 Female 3.95 .686 20 Total 3.95 .724 39
35-45 Male 4.40 .737 15 Female 4.27 .594 15 Total 4.33 .661 30
Above 45 years
Male 3.83 .835 12 Female 4.40 .737 15 Total 4.15 .818 27
Total Male 4.02 .790 57 Female 4.19 .692 63 Total 4.11 .742 120
Tab.8.172: Descriptive statistics with dependent variable brand name Ho1: There are no significant differences in rating to brand name as important attribute to
purchase OTC product with respect to the age of the respondents
Ho2: There are no significant differences in rating to brand name as important attribute to
purchase OTC product with respect to the gender of the respondent
Ho3: There are no significant differences in rating to brand name as important attribute to
purchase OTC product with respect to age and gender of the respondents
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Tests of Between-Subjects Effects Dependent Variable:Brand name
Source Type III Sum of Squares Df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model
5.950a 7 .850 1.596 .144
Intercept 1948.152 1 1948.152 3658.413 .000 Age 2.669 3 .890 1.670 .177 Gender 1.300 1 1.300 2.442 .121 Age * Gender 2.361 3 .787 1.478 .224 Error 59.641 112 .533 Total 2091.000 120 Corrected Total 65.592 119
a. R Squared = .091 (Adjusted R Squared = .034) Tab.8.173: Two way ANOVA with dependent variable brand name
Since P value is more than 0.05, hence we accept Ho1,Ho2,Ho3
Ho1: There are no significant differences in rating to brand name as important
attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to the age of the respondents
Ho2: There are no significant differences in rating to brand name as important
attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to the gender of the
respondents
Ho3: There are no significant differences in rating to brand name as important
attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to age and gender of the
respondents
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Below 25 yrs Male 4.27 .647 11 Female 3.85 .689 13 Total 4.04 .690 24
25-35 Male 4.11 .658 19 Female 4.30 .733 20 Total 4.21 .695 39
35-45 Male 3.93 .704 15 Female 4.47 .516 15 Total 4.20 .664 30
Above 45 years
Male 4.25 .622 12 Female 3.93 .704 15 Total 4.07 .675 27
Total Male 4.12 .657 57 Female 4.16 .700 63 Total 4.14 .677 120
Tab.8.184: Descriptive statistics with dependent variable pharmacist recommendation
Ho1: There are no significant differences in rating to pharmacist recommendation as important
attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to the age of the respondents
Ho2: There are no significant differences in rating to pharmacist recommendation as important
attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to the gender of the respondents
Ho3: There are no significant differences in rating to pharmacist recommendation as important
attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to age and gender of the respondents
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Tests of Between-Subjects Effects Dependent Variable: Pharmacist recommendation
Source Type III Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model
4.878a 7 .697 1.570 .152
Intercept 1979.254 1 1979.254 4459.071 .000 Age .469 3 .156 .352 .788 Gender .000 1 .000 .001 .976 Age * Gender 4.204 3 1.401 3.157 .028 Error 49.714 112 .444 Total 2113.000 120 Corrected Total 54.592 119 a. R Squared = .089 (Adjusted R Squared = .032) Tab.8.185: Two way ANOVA with dependent variable price
Since P value is more than 0.05 for Ho1,Ho2 but for Ho3 P value is less than 0.05, hence we
accept Ho1,Ho2 but we reject Ho3
Ho1: There are no significant differences in rating to pharmacist recommendation as important
attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to the age of the respondents
Ho2: There are no significant differences in rating to pharmacist recommendation as important
attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to the gender of the respondents
Ho3: There are significant differences in rating to pharmacist recommendation as important
attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to age and gender of the respondents
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8.2.2.4.8. FAMILY/FRIENDS RECOMMENDATION Descriptive Statistics Dependent Variable: Family /Friend Recommendation
Age Gender Mean Std. Deviation N
Below 25 yrs Male 3.18 1.401 11 Female 3.00 1.633 13 Total 3.08 1.501 24
25-35 Male 3.05 1.545 19 Female 3.05 1.432 20 Total 3.05 1.468 39
35-45 Male 4.00 1.414 15 Female 3.13 1.506 15 Total 3.57 1.501 30
Above 45 years
Male 2.75 1.357 12 Female 3.20 1.568 15 Total 3.00 1.468 27
Total Male 3.26 1.482 57 Female 3.10 1.489 63 Total 3.18 1.482 120
Tab.8.186: Descriptive statistics with dependent variable family/friends recommendation
Ho1: There are no significant differences in rating to family/friends recommendation as
important attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to the age of the respondents
Ho2: There are no significant differences in rating to family/friends recommendation as
important attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to the gender of the respondents
Ho3: There are no significant differences in rating to family/friends recommendation as
important attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to age and gender of the respondents
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Tests of Between-Subjects Effects Dependent Variable: Family /Friend Recommendation
Source Type III Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Corrected Model
13.408a 7 1.915 .865 .536
Intercept 1162.022 1 1162.022 524.960 .000 Age 6.432 3 2.144 .969 .410 Gender .652 1 .652 .295 .588 Age * Gender 6.469 3 2.156 .974 .408 Error 247.917 112 2.214 Total 1471.000 120 Corrected Total 261.325 119 a. R Squared = .051 (Adjusted R Squared = -.008) Tab.8.187: Two way ANOVA with dependent variable past experience
Since P value is more than 0.05, hence we accept Ho1, Ho2, Ho3
Ho1: There are no significant differences in rating to family/friends recommendation as important attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to the age of the respondents
Ho2: There are no significant differences in rating to family/friends recommendation as important attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to the gender of the respondents
Ho3: There are no significant differences in rating to family/friends recommendation as
important attribute to purchase OTC product with respect to age and gender of the respondents
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CHAPTER 9: SUGGESTION AND RECOMMENDATION
9.1. SUMMARY OF ANALYSIS
• Most of respondent belongs to age group of between 25-45 years
• Most of respondent are gender female
• Most of respondent stays in nuclear family
• Most of respondent are well educated have done graduation
• Most respondent stays in family size of 4-6 member in family
• Most of the respondents have very good health i.e.61 respondent out of 120 sample size
• Most of the people suffer from these normal diseases on day to day basis, in that most of
the respondent i.e. 35 respondent use OTC medicine product first to treat the condition
• The usage number of OTC product have increased over the period of five years due to
more education and better standard of living i.e.41 respondent use more OTC product
• The frequency of usage of OTC product have been same for last five year i.e. 42
respondent has same frequency of usage
• Most of respondent think it is important to consult the Doctor before consumption of
OTC medicine after reading or watching a medicine advertisement
• Most of respondent read packaging label when they purchase OTC medicine for first time
• Most of respondent first read direction usage on packaging labels
• Most of Respondent don’t re-read label until and unless the medicine is to be given to
child
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• Most of the respondent doesn’t have knowledge about the amount of medicine needs to
be taken for therapeutic response
• Most respondent doesn’t even have basic knowledge about a regularly used Brand Crocin
pharmaceutical content
• Most respondent have taken more medicine than recommended dosage
• Those who have taken more medicine than recommended dosage have taken next dose
sooner than directed on label so, most respondent don’t take risk of taking unnecessary
dosage ,they understand the risk of taking more dosage
• Most respondent take more dosage only when they have more severe symptoms
• Most respondent take multiple medicine when suffer from more than one symptom in a
particular disease, so they know the usage of different medicine in different symptoms
• Most of respondent are aware of negative reaction of OTC medicine and have
experienced some negative reaction or side effect after taking an OTC medicine
• Most respondent experience side effect or negative reaction first they contact doctor and
other most respondent contact chemist
• Most respondent suffer symptom of fever every bimonthly
• Most respondent suffer symptom of Pain every monthly
• Most respondent suffer symptom of Cold,Flu every half yearly
• Most respondent suffer symptom of acidity every biweekly
• Most respondent suffer symptom of vomiting in every six month
• Most respondent suffer symptom of diahorrea every bimonthly
• Most respondent take vitamin every half yearly
• Most respondent suffer skin disorder problems often every bimonthly
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• Most respondent take doctor’s advice for purchase decision of OTC product
• Very few respondents take Chemist advice for purchase decision of OTC product
• Most respondent take acquaintance, family, friend advice as most important advice for
purchase decision of OTC product
• Most respondent do not take media advertisement based advice for purchase decision of
OTC product
• Most respondent find past experience as good influencer for purchase decision of OTC
product
• Most respondent do not take advice from advertisement displayed on chemist store for
purchase decision of OTC product
• Most respondent think information on internet is the last source of information to depend
as advice for purchase decision of OTC product
• There is significant difference between the overall health and the age of the person
• There is no significant difference between number of product usage and the age of the
person
• There is no significant difference between usage of label and the age of the person
• There is no significant difference between knowledge of dosage and the age of the person
• There is no significant difference between more usage of medicine and the age of the
person
• There is no significant difference between more usage of medicine and the age of the
person
• There is no significant difference between negative reaction experienced and the age of
the person
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• There is significant difference between frequency of suffering from pain and the age of
the person
• There is no significant difference between frequency of suffering from acidity and the
age of the person
• There is significant difference between frequency of suffering from skin disorder and the
age of the person
• There is no significant difference between past experience as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and the age of the person
• There is no significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and the age of the person
• There is no significant difference between chemist promotion as the influence of
purchase of OTC product and the age of the person
• There is no significant difference between family or friend recommendation as the
influence of purchase of OTC product and the age of the person
• There is significant difference between advertisement effect of magazine as the influence
of purchase of OTC product and the age of the person
• There is no significant difference between overall health and gender of people
• There is no significant difference between number of product usage and gender
• There is no significant difference between usage of packaging instruction and gender of
people
• There is no significant difference between usage of knowledge of dosing and gender of
people
• There is no significant difference between usage of multiple drug and gender of people
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• There is no significant difference between negative reaction or side effect and gender of
people
• There is no significant difference between frequency of pain suffering and gender of
people
• There is no significant difference between frequency of acidity suffering and gender of
people
• There is no significant difference between frequency of skin problem suffering and
gender of people
• There is no significant difference between past experience as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and gender of a person
• There is no significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and gender of a person
• There is significant difference between price as an attribute that influence of purchase of
OTC product and gender of a person
• There is no significant difference between promotion as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and gender of a person
• There is no significant difference between pharmacist recommendation as an attribute
that influence of purchase of OTC product and gender of a person
• There is no significant difference between family or friend recommendation as an
attribute that influence of purchase of OTC product and gender of a person
• There is no significant difference between advertisement effect of television on purchase
of OTC product and gender of a person
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• There is significant difference between advertisement effect of chemist shop on purchase
of OTC product and gender of a person
• There is no significant difference between overall health and nature of family
• There is no significant difference between number of product usage and nature of family
• There is no significant difference between usage of packaging instruction and nature of
family
• There is no significant difference between usage of knowledge of dosing and nature of
family
• There is no significant difference between overdosage of OTC medicine and nature of
family
• There is no significant difference between reason of overdosage and nature of family
• There is no significant difference between usage of multiple drug and nature of family
• There is significant difference between frequency of cold flu suffering and nature of
family
• There is significant difference between frequency of vitamin usage and nature of family
• There is no significant difference between past experience as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and nature of family
• There is no significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and nature of family
• There is no significant difference between price as an attribute that influence of purchase
of OTC product and nature of family
• There is no significant difference between past experience as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and nature of family
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• There is no significant difference between family/friend recommendation as an attribute
that influence of purchase of OTC product and nature of family
• There is no significant difference between advertisement effect of television on purchase
of OTC product and nature of family
• There is significant difference between approach to find treatment and education
• There is significant difference between number of product usage and education
• There is no significant difference between usage of packaging instruction and education
• There is no significant difference between usage of knowledge of dosing and education
• There is no significant difference between overdosage of OTC medicine and education
• There is no significant difference between usage of multiple drug and education
• There is no significant difference between frequency of pain suffering and education
• There is significant difference between frequency of cold flu suffering and education
• There is no significant difference between frequency of skin disorder and education
• There is no significant difference between past experience as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and education
• There is no significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and education
• There is significant difference between save cost to visit doctor as the influence of
purchase of OTC product and education
• There is significant difference between price as an attribute that influence of purchase of
OTC product and education
• There is significant difference between promotion as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and education
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• There is significant difference between advertisement as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and education
• There is significant difference between past experience as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and education
• There is significant difference between family/friend recommendation as an attribute that
influence of purchase of OTC product and education
• There is no significant difference between advertisement effect of newspaper on purchase
of OTC product and education
• There is no significant difference between advertisement effect of magazine on purchase
of OTC product and education
• There is significant difference between advertisement effect of chemist shop on purchase
of OTC product and education
• There is no significant difference between overall health and occupation
• There is no significant difference between usage of knowledge of dosing and occupation
• There is significant difference between over dosage of OTC medicine and occupation
• There is no significant difference between reason of overdosage and occupation
• There is no significant difference between frequency of acidity suffering and occupation
• There is significant difference between frequency of pain suffering and occupation
• There is no significant difference between availability of time to visit doctor as the
influence of purchase of OTC product and occupation
• There is significant difference between past experience as an attribute that influence of
purchase of OTC product and occupation
• There is significant difference between overdosage of OTC medicine and marital status
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• There is significant difference between frequency of cold flu suffering and marital status
• There is significant difference between frequency of acidity suffering and marital status
• There is significant difference between frequency of vitamin suffering and marital status
• There is significant difference between advertisement as the influence of purchase of
OTC product and marital status
• There is a significant difference across the parameter in an OTC product
• The most important parameter or attribute on which OTC product always need to deliver
are respectively
1. Pharmacist Recommendation
2. Brand Name
3. Past experience
4. Physician recommendation
• The most important parameter of influence for consumer to purchase OTC medicine on
their own is Past Experience
• The most important medium of advertisement which leads the consumer to use or
recommendation of an OTC product is respectively
1. Newspaper
2. Internet
3. Magazine
4. Television
• Brand Name being an important attribute to purchase an OTC product does not depend
on the age and gender of the respondent.
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• Price being an important attribute to purchase an OTC product does not depend on the
age but it depends on the gender of the respondent.
• Promotion being an important attribute to purchase an OTC product does not depend on
the age and gender of the respondent.
• Advertisement being an important attribute to purchase an OTC product does not depend
on the age and gender of the respondent.
• Physician recommendation being an important attribute to purchase an OTC product does
not depend on the age and gender of the respondent.
• Past experience being an important attribute to purchase an OTC product does not depend
on the age and gender of the respondent.
• Pharmacist recommendation being an important attribute to purchase an OTC product
depends on the age and gender of the respondent.
• Family/friend recommendation being an important attribute to purchase an OTC product
does not depend on the age and gender of the respondent.
9.2. RECOMMENDATION
• It is very important for the brand manager of OTC products to increase awareness
amongst the consumer so, they take proper treatment for their general ailments, for now,
most of them use home remedy
• The usage of OTC product over the years have increased with better education and
increase in disposable income but, there are still lot of areas where the market is untapped
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• The frequency of usage of same OTC product over the year have remained same, it is
important for brand manager to do proper positioning and branding to increase the
frequency of usage
• It is important for brand manager to generate a campaign for the awareness of importance
of reading a packaging labels each time before using a medicine
• If the medicine has more side effect it is the moral responsibility of the organization to
instruct the consumer to take advice from doctor before taking the medicine
• There is no awareness in consumer about the dosage and usage of OTC product for a
particular indication, the doctor and pharmacist should be informed to impart some
knowledge when a consumer purchase or ask for a particular product
• The awareness level of consumer is very low about the basic science of medicine, so
brand manager can launch a campaign to increase the knowledge about the OTC product
with the help of Media, Doctors and Chemists
• There are lot of consumer who abuse drug usage so, it is important for brand manager to
give training to the retailer about the harmful effect of excessive usage which will help
them make understand the consumer about the harmful effect of excessive usage of
medicine
• The multiple drug usage amongst the consumer is high. brand manager can provide the
different product for common symptoms of disease
• The most important parameter to purchase a particular OTC medicine are advice of
pharmacist , doctor and brand name of the product so, it is important for the organization
to educate retailer, doctors and consumer simultaneously
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• Brand manager can use innovative methods to communicate the handling of negative
reaction caused by particular drug or it is advisable to check with doctor before using
drug
• The OTC player should have drug portfolio in every general symptoms or aliment
because the frequency of suffering happens in every 6 months for same common
symptoms
• The most effective communication mode in media for OTC medicine are usage of
Newspaper, magazine or any print media which helps the consumer to understand the
usage and indication of product
• The advice of doctors and chemist helps to influence the purchase of particular brand and
OTC product. Organization should influence the doctors and chemist for advice of their
product
• The past experience with the product is most importance influencing parameter for
purchase of medicine so brand manager should make sure to give better experiences with
the brand usage
• The promotion at chemist store are the best promotion for purchase of a product because
the brand and the advisor is present at same place and time
• The peer influence in decision plays an important role in purchase of a product, the
awareness amongst the consumer needs to be increased
• The advertisement medium do play role in influencing the usage and recommendation of
the OTC product. The most effective medium is print medium which helps the consumer
read and understand the usage of OTC medicine
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CONCLUSION
The Indian Pharmaceutical Industry today is in the front rank of India’s science-based industries.
This highly fragmented industry is very competitive. The companies are compelled to focus on
R&D and innovative methods to improve their manufacturing capabilities. In the OTC drug
marketing, the Customer and Consumer being the same, companies have to immediately address
the information needs more effectively and on a continuous basis. The acceptability of OTC
drugs will improve once the awareness level is enhanced. When the knowledge of the traditional
medicine is rooted in the culture, the knowledge about allopathic OTC drugs has to be
disseminated by manufacturing company and ensure drastic reduction in the high information
asymmetry existing today. The OTC drug offering is incomplete without empowering the public
on its rational use through well planed strategic marketing initiative revolving around the
aliment, the knowledge to diagnose and manage the same.
In this empowerment process which can be considered as CSR, the objective should be
prevention and holistic awareness creation leading to health and wellbeing than just offering the
minimum needed information to use one’s products. Thus by educating public (consumer) on
how to manage common ailments and finally how to prevent them, the pharma companies can
achieve its real goal of health for all and improve the quality of people’s life. The social benefit
at a national level will be lesser work load on general practitioners, pharmacists who are more
empowered to guide and counsel patients and more confident public who are in a better position
to take more informed choice of the best available solution to treat their common ailments and
prevent the frequent occurrence of the same. This will increase productivity at work and every
one in society can make superior contribution towards nation building as it strives to be a
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developed one. In India, most residents are aware that OTC medicines could be purchased in
convenience stores, although most still showed preference for making purchases in pharmacies.
This may be due to different expectations for this outlet – the public may expect that pharmacies
can provide professional help, as well as offer good quality, lower prices, and a greater variety of
products. This survey conducted in Mumbai, the finding gives us an insight regarding consumers'
attitudes, usage and preferences towards OTC products. The surveyed consumer perceived that
OTC drug marketing strategies will make the drugs cheaper, easily available at stores and also
information of the brand. This will encourage Consumers to use OTC drugs as first line of
defense and reduce cost on healthcare management, but, it has high negative risk towards self
medication through OTC medicines across the consumer strata. As we know self medication
leads to taking health in own hands and will have detrimental effects. OTC brands in minor
ailments are safe and easily available.
Doctors were of the opinion that consumers will get more involved in health management if
more OTC Drugs are available in open market without prescription. But, OTC products will help
the company reach the areas where primary health care is question market; private healthcare
cost more even in minor ailment also so .the companies should bring down the cost of OTC
products to reach the poor. Thus OTC products are marketed and advertised freely so that
maximum consumers are educated and treat minor ailments at home using OTC products as first
line of defense. Since it can be expected that more Rx to OTC switch will increase number of
drugs in OTC category in near future, it may be valuable to conduct more research on group of
Consumer who consume OTC Products available to Counters freely and either switch from the
existing brand or continue to earlier brand.
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As OTC product today enjoy a good market share and also in coming future as numbers of drugs
are going off-patent, so OTC market is going to see increasing market share. The entire
consumer surveyed uses some or other OTC products. Earlier prescription from a doctor,
recommendation from a friend/relative, advertisements of a product and through product trial
emerged as major reasons for purchasing OTC product. Pharmacist recommendation of a product
followed by its brand name & past experience can play role on purchase behavior.
Advertisements substantially affect consumer behavior towards OTC products in building brand
equity, majority of the consumers don't know the parent company of brand consumed. Thus,
study corroborates consumers prefer OTC products as a substitute to Rx products.
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QUESTIONNARIE
Topic: Usage and Attitude of Consumer towards Pharmaceutical over the Counter (OTC) drugs
Name of Consumer
Age
o Below 25yrs o 25-35 o 35-45 o Above 45
Gender
o Male o Female
Nature of Family
o Nuclear o Joint
Education
o School level o Graduate o Post Grad o Professional o Any other
Occupation:
Marital Status
o Single o Married o Divorce
Family Size
o More than 3 o 3 to 6 o Above 6
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1. Overall how would you rate your current health?
o Excellent o Very good o Good o Fair o Poor
2. Think about the condition when you had suffered from some general problem like cold,
cough, sore throat etc recently, what did you do generally in these ailments?
o Used medicine already at home o See doctor o Purchased OTC medicine o Purchased prescription drug o Use home remedy o Used nothing
3. Do you use OTC drugs or medication for mentioned below indication If Yes, please indicates
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4. Would you say that you are taking more, fewer or about same number of product than you
did five year ago?
o More o Fewer o About same o Don’t know
5. Are you using this OTC product more, less or about same as five year ago?
o More frequently o Less frequently o About same o Don’t know/not sure
6. What makes you take decision on your own to purchase medicine?
Rate on a scale of 1-5 where 1-represents lowest and 5-represents Highest
Parameter 1 2 3 4 5 Past experience Advertisement Lack of Time to visit Doctor
Save the cost of doctor visit
Chemist promotion
Internet & Blog recommendation
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7. Please indicate the importance of following attribute in a purchase of OTC drug
1-Unimportant
2- of little importance
3-Moderately Important
4- Important
5- Very Important
Sr no
Parameter 1 2 3 4 5
1 Brand Name 2 Price 3 Promotion 4 Advertisement 5 Physical Recommendation 6 Past Experience 7 Pharmacist
Recommendation
8 Family/Friend Recommendation
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Advertisement effect
8. Have you seen advertisement of OTC drug recently, if Yes, please indicate if you have use or
recommended it to others? Accordingly
1. Definitely will recommend/Use 2. Probably will recommend/Use 3. Not sure 4. Probably will not recommend/Use 5. Definitely will not recommend/Use 6. Never Used/Recommended
Sources of watching
Yes/No
1 2 3 4 5 6
Newspaper Magazine Television Internet Chemist shop Doctors cabin
9. Do you agree after reading or watching a medicine advertisement, one should consult a
physician about it before using it?
o Strongly Disagree o Disagree o Undecided o Agree o Strongly Agree
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10. Whose Advice is taken when you decide on which OTC drug to buy? Rank accordingly Parameter Rank The doctor The Pharmacist Acquaintances, Family,Friends,Colleagues
Media Advertisement Past experience Advertisements on Chemist store Internet information
Consumer usage of OTC labels
11. When you buy or take the OTC me9dicine for the first time, what information do you read on
the package first?
o Direction of usage o Dosage levels o Symptoms it is used for o Possible side effect of usage o Warning about usage with other medicine o Expiry date o Other response
12. Are you likely to re-read the label again in the following circumstances
o OTC Medicine to a child o OTC Medicine with prescription drug at same o OTC medicine with OTC medicine at same time o Don’t read the label long time o Other
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Knowledge of OTC
13. To the best of recollection, what is Active ingredient in brand crocin?
14. Based on what you know, what is most accurate way to determine the amount of medicine to
be taken in particular indication?
o Weight o Age o Both Weight and Age o Neither weight nor age o Don’t know/Not sure
Taking too much of an OTC drug
15. Have you ever taken more than the recommended dose of a non-prescription medicine?
o Yes o No o Not sure
16. If yes, how much more have you taken?
o More than recommended no of pills at single time o Next dose sooner than directed on label o More no. Of dosage per day directed on label o Don’t know/ not sure
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17. What is the one reason for taking more medicine is
o Believe it relieve more quickly o had severe symptoms o Did not get any better by taking recommended dose o Used prescription all to my judgment o Any other please specify
18. If you have more than one symptom at same time like headache, sore throat, how likely are
you to take more than one OTC medicine?
o Not at all likely o Not very likely o Somewhat likely o Very likely o Extremely likely
Side effect
19. Have you ever experienced any negative reaction or side effect from taking an OTC product?
o Yes o No o Not sure
20. What did you do mostly to stop the negative reaction?
o Stopped taking OTC medicine o Contacted doctor o Waited until you felt better o Contacted chemist o Contacted friend or family o Took other medicine o Others
Which different places do you think OTC medicine should be made available other than Medical
stores?
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LIST OF FIGURE
Figure Description Page
No.
CHAPTER NO 1: OVERVEIW OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Fig.1.1 Branches of Medical Science 2
Fig.1.2 Manufacturing Process 5
Fig.1.3 Market share of Different Pharmaceutical Product Categories 11
CHAPTER NO 3: INDIAN PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Fig.3.1 Percentage Sales of Industry Segment 37
CHAPTER NO 8: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Fig.8.1 Indicates the Age Profile of the Respondent 108
Fig.8.2 Indicates the Gender Profile of the Respondent 109
Fig.8.3 Indicates the Nature of Family Profile of the Respondent 110
Fig.8.4 Indicates the Education Qualification Profile of the Respondent 111
Fig.8.5 Indicates the family Size Profile of the Respondents 112
Fig.8.6 Indicates the Frequency of Overall Current Health of the Respondent 113
Fig.8.7 Indicates the Frequency of Respondent Taking Self Medication in Minor
Ailments
114
Fig.8.8 Indicates the Frequency of Number of Products Usage Over the Years by the
Respondent
115
Fig.8 .9 Indicates the Frequency of Number of Products Usage Frequency Over the Years
by the Respondent
116
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Fig.8.10 Indicates the Frequency of Usage of Packaging Labels 117
Fig.8.11 Indicates the Frequency of Re-read Packaging Labels in Any Circumstances 118
Fig.8.12 Indicates the Frequency of Knowledge of Usage and Dosage of OTC Product 119
Fig.8.13 Indicates the Frequency of Awareness About an OTC Product 120
Fig.8.14 Indicates the Frequency About over Usage of an OTC Product 121
Fig.8.15 Indicates the Frequency about Amount of Over Usage of an OTC Product 122
Fig.8.16 Indicates the Frequency Reason for the Over Usage of an OTC Product 123
Fig.8.17 Indicates the Frequency of Multidrug Usage to Treat Multiple Symptoms 124
Fig.8.18 Indicates the Frequency of Experience of Side Effect after Usage of an OTC
Product
125
Fig.8.19 Indicates the Frequency Response to Tackle Side Effect of an OTC Product 126
Fig.8.20 Indicates the Frequency Response of Suffering from Fever 127
Fig.8.21 Indicates the Frequency Response of Suffering from Pain 128
Fig.8.22 Indicates the Frequency Response of Suffering from Cold Flu 129
Fig.8.23 Indicates the Frequency Response of Suffering from Acidity 130
Fig.8.24 Indicates the Frequency Response of Suffering from Vomiting 131
Fig.8.25 Indicates the Frequency Response of Suffering from Diahorrea 132
Fig.8.26 Indicates the Frequency Response Usage of Vitamin 133
Fig.8.27 Indicates the Frequency Suffering from Skin Disorder 134
Fig.8.28 Indicates the Importance of Doctor in Advice to Purchase OTC Product 135
Fig.8.29 Indicates the Importance of Pharmacist in Advice to Purchase OTC Product 136
Fig.8.30 Indicates the Importance of Family, Friends, Colleagues, Acquaintance in Advice 137
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 321
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to Purchase OTC Product
Fig.8.31 Indicates the Importance of Media Advertisement in Advice to Purchase OTC
Product
138
Fig.8.32 Indicates the Importance of Past Experience as an Advice to Purchase OTC
Product
139
Fig.8.33 Indicates the Importance of Advertisement on Chemist Store in Advice to
Purchase OTC Product
140
Fig.8.34 Indicates the Importance of Internet Information in Advice to Purchase OTC
Product
141
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LIST OF TABLE
Tab. DESCRIPTION PAGE
NO.
CHAPTER NO 1: OVERVIEW OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Tab.1.1 Market Value and Market Growth of Therapeutic Segment 12
CHAPTER NO 2: INTRODUCTION OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Tab.2.1 Market Share and Market Growth of Global Market 19
Tab.2.2 Major Players in Pharmaceutical Market 25
CHAPTER NO 4: COMPETITIVE ANALYSIS OF PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY
Tab.4.1 Market Share of Top Five Pharmaceutical Companies India 51
CHAPTER NO 5: PHARMACEUTICAL OTC MARKET
Tab.5.1 USA. Pharmaceutical OTC Market Segmentation 72
Tab.5.2 Europe Pharmaceutical OTC Market Segmentation 73
Tab.5.3 Market Sales of Different OTC Segment 77
Tab.5.4 Market Share of Indian OTC Market Segment 78
Tab.5.5 Top Ten OTC Brands in Indian Market 79
CHAPTER N0 8: DATA ANALYSIS AND INTERPRETATION
Tab.8.1 Crosstab to Identify Overall Health with Respect to Age of the Person 142
Tab.8.2 Chi square to Measure the Overall Health with Respect to Age of the
Person 142
Tab.8.3 Crosstab to Identify Number of Product Usage with Respect to Age of 143
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the Person
Tab.8.4 Chi square to Measure Number of Product Usage with Respect to Age
of the Person 143
Tab.8.5 Crosstab to Identify Usage of Packaging Labels with Respect to Age of
the Person 144
Tab.8.6 Chi square to Measure Usage of Packaging Labels with Respect to Age
of the Person 145
Tab.8.7 Crosstab to identify knowledge of usage of medicine with respect to age
of the person 146
Tab.8.8 Chi square to Measure the Knowledge of Usage of Medicine with
Respect to Age of the Person 147
Tab.8.9 Crosstab to Identify Excessive Usage of Medicine with Respect to Age
of the Person 148
Tab.8.10 Chi square to Measure Excessive Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Age of the Person 149
Tab.8.11 Crosstab to Identify Reason for Excessive Usage of Medicine with
Respect to Age of the Person 149
Tab.8.12 Chi square to Measure the Reason for Excessive Usage of Medicine
with Respect to Age of the Person 150
Tab.8.13 Crosstab to Identify Experience of Negative Reaction with Respect to
Age of the Person 151
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Tab.8.14 Chi square to Measure the Experience of Negative Reaction with
Respect to Age of the Person 152
Tab.8.15 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering with Pain with Respect
to Age of the Person 153
Tab.8.16 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering with Pain with
Respect to Age of the Person 154
Tab.8.17 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering from Acidity with
Respect to Age of the Person 155
Tab.8.18 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering from Acidity with
Respect to Age of the Person 156
Tab.8.19 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering from Skin Disorder
with Respect to Age of the Person 157
Tab.8.20 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering from Skin Disorder
with Respect to Age of the Person 158
Tab.8.21 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Age of the Person 159
Tab.8.22 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of
OTC drug with Respect to Age of the Person 160
Tab.8.23 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Advertisement in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Age of the Person 161
Tab.8.24 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Advertisement in Purchase of 162
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OTC Drug with Respect to Age of the Person
Tab.8.25 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Chemist Promotion in Purchase of
OTC Drug with Respect to Age of the Person 163
Tab.8.26 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Chemist Promotion in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Age of the Person 164
Tab.8.27 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Family /Friends Recommendation in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Age of the Person 165
Tab.8.28
Chi square to Measure the Influence of Family/Friends
Recommendation in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Age of the
Person
166
Tab.8.29 Crosstab to Identify Advertisement Effect of Magazine Influences in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Age of the Person 167
Tab.8.30 Chi square to Measure Advertisement Effect of Magazine Influences in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Age of the Person 168
Tab.8.31 Crosstab to Identify Overall health with Respect to Gender of the
Person 169
Tab.8.32 Chi square to Measure the Overall Health with Respect to Gender of
the Person 169
Tab.8.33 Crosstab to Identify Number of Product Usage with Respect to Gender
of the Person 170
Tab.8.34 Chi square to Measure Number of Product Usage with Respect to
Gender of the Person 170
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Tab.8.35 Crosstab to Identify Usage of Packaging Labels with Respect to Gender
of the Person 171
Tab.8.36 Chi square to Measure Usage of Packaging Labels with Respect to
Gender of the Person 172
Tab.8.37 Crosstab to Identify Excessive Usage of Multidrug with Respect to
Gender of the Person 173
Tab.8.38 Chi square to Measure Multidrug Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Gender of the Person 173
Tab.8.39 Crosstab to Identify Experience of Negative Reaction with Respect to
Gender of the Person 174
Tab.8.40 Chi square to Measure the Experience of Negative Reaction with
Respect to Gender of the Person 175
Tab.8.41 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering with Pain with Respect
to Gender of the Person 176
Tab.8.42 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering with Pain with
Respect to Gender of the Person 176
Tab.8.43 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering from Acidity with
Respect to Gender of the Person 177
Tab.8.44 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering from Acidity with
Respect to Gender of the Person 177
Tab.8.45 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering from Skin Disorder 178
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with Respect to Gender of the Person
Tab.8.46 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering from Skin Disorder
with Respect to Gender of the Person 179
Tab.8.47 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Gender of the Person 180
Tab.8.48 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of
OTC Drug with Respect to Gender of the Person 180
Tab.8.49 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Advertisement in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Gender of the Person 181
Tab.8.50 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Advertisement in Purchase of
OTC Drug with Respect to Gender of the Person 182
Tab.8.51 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Price in Purchase of OTC Drug with
Respect to Gender of the Person 183
Tab.8.52 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Price in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Gender of the Person 183
Tab.8.53 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Promotion in Purchase of OTC Drug
with Respect to Gender of the Person 184
Tab.8.54 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Promotion in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Gender of the person 185
Tab.8.55 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Pharmacist Recommendation in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Gender of the Person 186
Tab.8.56 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Pharmacist Recommendation
in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Gender of the Person 187
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 328
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Tab.8.57 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Family /Friends Recommendation in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Gender of the Person 188
Tab.8.58
Chi square to Measure the Influence of Family /Friends
Recommendation in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Gender of
the Person
188
Tab.8.59 Crosstab to Identify Advertisement Effect of Television Influences in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Gender of the Person 189
Tab.8.60 Chi square to Measure Advertisement Effect of Television Influences
in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Gender of the Person 190
Tab.8.61 Crosstab to Identify Advertisement Effect of Chemist Shop Influences
in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Gender of the Person 191
Tab.8.62
Chi square to Measure Advertisement Effect of Chemist Shop
Influences in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Gender of the
Person
192
Tab.8.63 Crosstab to Identify Overall Health with Respect to Nature of Family of
the Person 193
Tab.8.64 Chi square to Measure the Overall Health with Respect to Nature of
Family of the Person 193
Tab.8.65 Crosstab to Identify Number of Product Usage with Respect to Nature
of Family of the Person 194
Tab.8.66 Chi square to Measure Number of Product Usage with Respect to 194
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 329
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Nature of Family of the Person
Tab.8.67 Crosstab to Identify Usage of Packaging Labels with Respect to Nature
of Family of the Person 195
Tab.8.68 Chi square to Measure Usage of Packaging Labels with Respect to
Nature of Family of the Person 195
Tab.8.69 Crosstab to Identify Knowledge of Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Nature of Family of the Person 196
Tab.8.70 Chi square to Measure the Knowledge of Usage of Medicine with
Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 196
Tab.8.71 Crosstab to Identify Excessive Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Nature of Family of the Person 197
Tab.8.72 Chi square to Measure Excessive Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Nature of Family of the Person 197
Tab.8.73 Crosstab to Identify Reason for Excessive Usage of Medicine with
Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 198
Tab.8.74 Chi square to Measure the Reason for Excessive Usage of Medicine
with Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 198
Tab. 8.75 Crosstab to Identify Usage of Multidrug with Respect to Nature of
Family of the Person 199
Tab.8.76 Chi square to Measure Multidrug Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Nature of Family of the Person 199
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 330
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Tab.8.77 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering with Cold flu with
Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 200
Tab.8.78 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering with Cold flu with
Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 200
Tab.8.79 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering from Vitamin with
Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 201
Tab.8.80 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering from Vitamin with
Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 201
Tab.8.81 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 202
Tab.8.82 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of
OTC Drug with Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 202
Tab.8.83 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Advertisement in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 203
Tab.8.84 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Advertisement in Purchase of
OTC Drug with Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 204
Tab.8.85 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Price in Purchase of OTC Drug with
Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 205
Tab.8.86 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Price in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 206
Tab.8.87 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 207
Tab.8.88 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of 208
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 331
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OTC Drug with Respect to Nature of Family of the Person
Tab.8.89 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Family /Friends Recommendation in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 209
Tab.8.90
Chi square to Measure the Influence of Family /Friends
Recommendation in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Nature of
Family of the Person
210
Tab.8.91 Crosstab to Identify Advertisement Effect of Television Influences in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Nature of Family of the Person 211
Tab.8.92
Chi square to Measure Advertisement Effect of Television Influences
in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Nature of Family of the
Person
212
Tab.8.93
Crosstab to Identify Past Experience as a Mean of Advice which
Influences in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Nature of Family
of the Person
213
Tab.8.94
Chi square to Measure Past Experience as a Mean of Advice which
Influences in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Nature of Family
of the Person
214
Tab.8.95
Crosstab to Identify Advertisement Chemist Store as a Mean of Advice
which Influences in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Nature of
Family of the Person
215
Tab.8.96 Chi square to Measure Advertisement Chemist Store as a Mean of
Advice which Influences in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to 216
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 332
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Nature of Family of the Person
Tab.8.97 Crosstab to Identify Approach to Find Treatment for General Ailment
with Respect to Education of the Person 217
Tab.8.98 Chi square to Measure to Find Treatment for General Ailment with
Respect to Education of the Person 218
Tab.8.99 Crosstab to Identify Number of Product Usage with Respect to
Education of the Person 219
Tab.8.100 Chi square to Measure Number of Product Usage with Respect to
Education of the Person 219
Tab.8.101 Crosstab to Identify Usage of Packaging Labels with Respect to
Education of the Person 220
Tab.8.102 Chi square to Measure Usage of Packaging Labels with Respect to
Education of the Person 221
Tab.8.103 Crosstab to Identify Knowledge of Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Education of the Person 222
Tab.8.104 Chi square to Measure the Knowledge of Usage of Medicine with
Respect to Education of the Person 223
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 333
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Tab.8.105 Crosstab to Identify Excessive Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Education of the Person 224
Tab.8.106 Chi square to Measure Excessive Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Education of the Person 225
Tab.8.107 Crosstab to Identify Usage of Multidrug with Respect to Education of
the Person 226
Tab.8.108 Chi square to Measure Multidrug Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Education of the Person 226
Tab.8.109 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering with Pain with Respect
to Education of the Person 227
Tab.8.110 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering with Pain with
Respect to Education of the Person 227
Tab.8.111 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering with Cold flu with
Respect to Education of the Person 228
Tab.8.112 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering with Cold flu with
Respect to Education of the Person 228
Tab.8.113 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering from Skin Disorder 229
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 334
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with Respect to Education of the Person
Tab.8.114 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering from Skin Disorder
with Respect to Education of the Person 229
Tab.8.115 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 230
Tab.8.116 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of
OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 230
Tab.8.117 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Advertisement in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 231
Tab.8.118 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Advertisement in Purchase of
OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 232
Tab.8.119 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Saving the Cost to Visit Doctor in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 233
Tab.8.120 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Saving the Cost to Visit Doctor
in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 234
Tab.8.121 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Price in Purchase of OTC Drug with
Respect to Education of the Person 235
Tab.8.122 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Price in Purchase of OTC 236
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 335
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Drug with Respect to Education of the Person
Tab.8.123 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Promotion in Purchase of OTC Drug
with Respect to Education of the Person 237
Tab.8.124 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Promotion in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 238
Tab.8.125 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Advertisement in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 239
Tab.8.126 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Advertisement in Purchase of
OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 240
Tab.8.127 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 241
Tab.8.128 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of
OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 242
Tab.8.129 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Family /Friends Recommendation in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 243
Tab.8.130
Chi square to Measure the Influence of Family /Friends
Recommendation in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Education
of the Person
244
Tab.8.131 Crosstab to Identify Advertisement Effect of Newspaper Influences in 245
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 336
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Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the Person
Tab.8.132 Chi square to Measure Advertisement Effect of Newspaper Influences
in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 246
Tab.8.133 Crosstab to Identify Advertisement Effect of Magazine Influences in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 247
Tab.8.134 Chi square to Measure Advertisement Effect of Magazine Influences in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 248
Tab.8.135 Crosstab to Identify Advertisement Effect of Chemist shop Influences
in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the Person 249
Tab.8.136
Chi square to Measure Advertisement Effect of Chemist Shop
Influences in Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Education of the
Person
250
Tab.8.137 Crosstab to Identify Overall Health with Respect to Occupation of the
Person 251
Tab.8.138 Chi square to Measure the Overall Health with Respect to Occupation
of the Person 251
Tab.8.139 Crosstab to Identify Knowledge of Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Occupation of the Person 252
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 337
Rehan Faquih Rizvi Institute of Management Studies & Research
Tab.8.140 Chi square to Measure the Knowledge of Usage of Medicine with
Respect to Occupation of the Person 253
Tab.8.141 Crosstab to Identify Excessive Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Occupation of the Person 254
Tab.8.142 Chi square to Measure Excessive Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Occupation of the Person 254
Tab.8.143 Crosstab to Identify the Reason for Excessive Usage of Medicine with
Respect to Occupation of the Person 255
Tab.8.144 Chi square to Measure the Reason for Excessive Usage of Medicine
with Respect to Occupation of the Person 255
Tab.8.145 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering with Acidity with
Respect to Occupation of the Person 256
Tab.8.146 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering with Acidity with
Respect to Occupation of the Person 257
Tab.8.147 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering of Vitamin with
Respect to Occupation of the Person 258
Tab.8.148 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Usage of Vitamin with 259
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 338
Rehan Faquih Rizvi Institute of Management Studies & Research
Respect to Occupation of the Person
Tab.8.149 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Availability of Time to Visit Doctor in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Occupation of the Person 260
Tab.8.150 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Availability of Time to Visit in
Purchase of OTC Drug with Respect to Occupation of the Person 260
Tab.8.151 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Occupation of the Person 261
Tab.8.152 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Past Experience in Purchase of
OTC Drug with Respect to Occupation of the Person 262
Tab.8.153 Crosstab to Identify Excessive Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Marital Status of the Person 263
Tab.8.154 Chi square to Measure Excessive Usage of Medicine with Respect to
Marital Status of the Person 263
Tab.8.155 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering with Cold flu with
Respect to Marital Status of the Person 264
Tab.8.156 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering with Cold flu with
Respect to Marital Status of the Person 265
Tab.8.157 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Suffering from Acidity with
Respect to Marital Status of the Person 266
Tab.8.158 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Suffering from Acidity with
Respect to Marital Status of the Person 267
Tab.8.159 Crosstab to Identify the Frequency of Usage of Vitamin with Respect to 268
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 339
Rehan Faquih Rizvi Institute of Management Studies & Research
Marital Status of the Person
Tab.8.160 Chi square to Measure the Frequency of Usage of Vitamin with
Respect to Marital Status of the Person 269
Tab.8.161 Crosstab to Identify Influence of Advertisement in Purchase of OTC
Drug with Respect to Marital Status of the Person 270
Tab.8.162 Chi square to Measure the Influence of Advertisement in Purchase of
OTC Drug with Respect to Marital Status of the Person 270
Tab.8.163 Indicates the Descriptive Analysis of Important Parameter to Purchase
an OTC Product 271
Tab.8.164 ANOVA to Measure the Difference amongst the Parameter to Purchase
an OTC Drug 272
Tab.8.165 Tukey to identify the Most Important Parameter to Purchase an OTC
Drug 273
Tab.8.166 Indicates the Descriptive Analysis of Important Parameter that
Influence the Consumer to Purchase OTC Medicine on their Own 274
Tab.8.167 ANOVA to Measure the Difference amongst the Parameter to that
Influence the Consumer to Purchase OTC Medicine on their Own 275
Tab.8.168 Tukey to Identify the Most Important Parameter that Influence the
Consumer to Purchase OTC Medicine on their Own 276
Tab.8.169 Indicates the Descriptive Analysis of Different Types of Mediums of
Advertisement used to Promote an OTC Product 277
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 340
Rehan Faquih Rizvi Institute of Management Studies & Research
Tab.8.170
ANOVA to Measure the Difference Between the Different Medium of
Advertisement which Leads to Use or Recommendation of an OTC
Product
278
Tab.8.171 Tukey to Identify the Most Important Medium of Advertisement which
leads the Consumer to Use or Recommendation of an OTC Product 279
Tab.8.172 Descriptive Statistics with Dependent Variable Brand Name 280
Tab.8.173 Two Way ANOVA with Dependent Variable Brand Name 281
Tab.8.174 Descriptive Statistics with Dependent Variable Price 282
Tab.8.175 Two Way ANOVA with Dependent Variable Price 283
Tab.8.176 Descriptive Statistics with Dependent Variable Promotion 284
Tab.8.177 Two Way ANOVA with Dependent Variable Promotion 285
Tab.8.178 Descriptive Statistics with Dependent Variable Advertisement 286
Tab.8.179 Two Way ANOVA with Dependent Variable Advertisement 287
Tab.8.180 Descriptive Statistics with Dependent Variable Physician
Recommendation 288
Tab.8.181 Two Way ANOVA with Dependent Variable Physician
Recommendation 289
Tab.8.182 Descriptive Statistics with Dependent Variable Past Experience 290
Tab.8.183 Two Way ANOVA with Dependent Variable Past Experience 291
Tab.8.184 Descriptive Statistics with Dependent Variable Pharmacist
Recommendation 292
Tab.8.185 Two way ANOVA with Dependent Variable Price 293
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 341
Rehan Faquih Rizvi Institute of Management Studies & Research
Tab.8.186 Descriptive Statistics with Dependent Variable Family/Friends
Recommendation 294
Tab.8.187 Two Way ANOVA with Dependent Variable Past Experience 295
Usage & Attitude of Consumers towards Pharmaceutical OTC Products 342
Rehan Faquih Rizvi Institute of Management Studies & Research
BIBLIOGRAPHY
Web sites
• Saurabh kumar Saxena (2008), A Review of Marketing Strategies Work by Different
Pharmaceutical Companies, available at changing%20playfield-06
saurabh%20kumar%20saxena accessed on Feb 2011
• Organization of Pharmaceutical Producers of India (OPPI) (May2011), OTC profile
retrieved from http://www.indiaoppi.com/IndiaOTCProfile2008.asp accessed on June
2011
• Pharmaceuticals Export Promotion Council (Set up by Ministry of Commerce &
Industry, Govt., of India) , India's Export of Drugs, Pharmaceuticals and Fine Chemicals