Page 1
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
The New Government
•First Presidential elections – January 1789•First Congress of electors - March 4 in NYC
George Washington was elected unanimously to be President; John Adams chosen to be Vice-President
Page 2
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
The New Government
•Early Tasks:1. Bill of Rights
2. Federal Judiciary Act (September 1789)3. Financing the new government – Bank of the U.S.
Page 3
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
The New Government
•Growth of Political PartiesFederalists
Anti-federalists (Republican, Democrat-Republicans)
Controversies over Foreign Policy – Fostered Party Growth
Page 4
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
The New Government
The Presidents (1789-1825)
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FSOE537LE4c
Page 5
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
The New Government
•Washington’s Administration – Federalist
The president organizes the government, establishes the cabinet, and holds regular meetings
Was pressed into a second administration
Page 6
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd AdministrationWar between Britain and France
Neutrality Proclamation – April 22, 1793
Washington declared that the U.S. would remain neutral with regard to the war between Britain and France; warned U.S. citizens to abstain
from hostile acts toward either side.
U.S./French Treaty officially made the U.S. and ally of France
Neutrality Act (1794) – U.S. citizen could not enlist in a foreign military
Page 7
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd AdministrationWar between Britain and France
Genet Affair French Minister Edmund Charles Genet arrived in the U.S. and began seeking private support for the
French cause; commissioned four privateers to prey on British vessels - violated the treaty between U.S.
and France and the neutrality order
Page 8
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd Administration
11th Amendment – March 5, 1794; ratified 1798
Resulted from Chisholm vs. Georgia – two citizens from SC sued the state of Georgia
Amendment secured that a citizen of a state cannot sue another state
Page 9
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd Administration
Jay’s Treaty
British remained in Northwestern forts – antagonized western settlements (aiding Indian insurrections); A major source of revenue was
British imports/exports
Page 10
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd Administration
Jay’s Treaty
• British promised to withdraw by June 1796•British agreed to permit U.S. trade in West Indies as
long as they did not trade in molasses, sugar, and cotton•Settled pre-war debts, Northwest boundary disputes,
and illegal maritime seizures by the British
Page 11
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd Administration
Jay’s Treaty
Despite opposition, Washington forced the treaty through, avoiding war with Britian
Page 12
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd Administration
Treaty of San Lorenzo / Pinckney’s Treaty
Fearing that the U.S. was becoming a peaceful ally with Britain, Spain sought to reduce tensions with the
U.S.
Southern boundaries/free trade on the Mississippi
Page 13
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Washington’s 2nd Administration
Washington’s Farewell Address
•Would not run for a 3rd term – setting precedent•Warned of the dangers of the party system and
partisan bitterness; warned of permanent foreign entanglements
Page 14
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Practice Test Chapter 10
Page 15
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Practice Test Chap. 10(For those not in class, here are the answers to for True/False and Multiple Choice)
Part A1. T2. F3. T4. T5. T6. F7. T8. F9. F10. F11. T12. F13. T14. F15. F
Part B1. b2. a3. d4. c5. c6. b7. a8. a9. b10. a11. b12. b13. a14. c15. d
Page 16
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Election of 1796
Federalists nominate John AdamsRepublicans (Anti-Federalists) nominate Thomas
Jefferson
Results: Adams, 71 Votes; Jefferson 68 VotesA divided Executive Branch
Page 17
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Problems with FranceFrance is angry over the treaty with Britain – began
seizing U.S. ships
Adams sends Charles Pinckney (U.S. Minister to France), John Marshall (Federalist), and Elbridge
Gerry (Republican Gov. of Massachusetts) to secure treaty with France
Page 18
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Problems with FranceFrance is angry over the treaty with Britain – began
seizing U.S. ships
Adams sends Charles Pinckney (U.S. Minister to France), John Marshall (Federalist), and Elbridge
Gerry (Republican Gov. of Massachusetts) to secure treaty with France
Page 19
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Problems with France
XYZ AffairFederalist/Anti-Federalist split over the issue
Undeclared Naval War with France – 1798-1800Department of the Navy
Congress terminates treaty with FranceThe Treaty of Morfontaine
Page 20
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Domestic Issues Under Adams
Alien and Sedition Acts – 1798Naturalization Act
Alien ActSedition Act
Alien Enemies Act
Page 21
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Domestic Issues Under Adams
Virginia and Kentucky Resolutions – Failed to garner support
Compact Theory of the Constitution – where the national government exercised powers not specifically delegated
to it, each state has an equal right to judge for itself** States can declare federal acts unconstitutional
Page 22
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Election of 1800 – Revolution of 1800
Adams is nominated by Federalists (Pinckney, Vice-President)
Republicans nominate Jefferson and Aaron Burr
Jefferson and Burr receive 73 votes; Adams 65; Pinckney 64
Page 23
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Election of 1800 – Revolution of 1800
According to the constitution, in a tie, the House of Representatives will decide – after 35 ballots, the
House remained tied
The Federalists backed Burr, but Jefferson agreed to keep the Navy and keep Federalists in lower
government positions
Page 24
U.S. HistoryTuesday, 10-21-14 through Thursday, 10-23-14
Election of 1800 – Revolution of 1800
Jefferson is eventually elected, and Burr becomes Vice-President
Revolution – the opposition party wins; although presidential election is close, Republicans overwhelmingly
take Congress
Leads to the passing of the 12th Amendment - 1804