US. History Spring Final

US. History Spring Final

KPHSSpring 2011

1. During the 1930’s, the United States focused largely on

domestic issues.2. During the 1930’s, Hitler, Mussolini, and the military

leaders of Japan began invading neighboring lands.

3. Nazism was an extreme form of fascism.

4. An important strategy used by American forces in the Pacific was

island hopping.5. In 1940, one of the greatest rescues in the history of

warfare occurred at Dunkirk.

6.Who inspired the British people to resist the German invasion?

Winston Churchill7.Hitler used which of the following military strategies when invading Poland?

blitzkrieg 8.When did the U.S. declare war on the Axis Powers?

after the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor9.Which is NOT a reason women faced new job opportunities during the war?

married women were required to work or volunteer time for the war effort10.What did the federal government do to finance WWII?

launch bond drives, raise income taxes and use deficit spending.

11. The War Relocation Board placed what group of Americans in internment camps during WWII?

Japanese Americans 12. How did things change on the home front for African-

Americans during the war years? African Americans took direct action to promote racial equality13. The Germans were finally halted in their advance into the

Soviet Union at the battle of Stalingrad.14. When was DDay? What happened? June 6, 1944. The landing of Allied forces on France’s Normandy

Coast. 15. What did Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin decided to do at the

Yalta conference? Divide the defeated Germany into four sectors—American,

British, French and Soviet.

16. How were Nazi concentration camps different from traditional concentration camps?

They held people such as Jews, homosexuals, people with mental and physical disabilities and Jehovah’s witnesses.

17. Because of the war, large numbers of women began to work as

steelworkers and welders18. What happened to Japanese-Americans during World War II? They were interned in camps in isolated areas19. The largest battle fought in Western Europe during WWII was the Battle of the Bulge20. What inspired Franklin Roosevelt to organize the top-secret

Manhattan Project quickly? Germany was developing the Atom bomb before the United

States

21. What happened after the United States dropped atomic bombs on Hiroshima and Nagasaki?

Japan acceptd American terms of surrender22. The Soviet Union wanted to rebuild after the war in ways that

would protect its own interests23. Why did the United States become involved in affairs in the

Middle East following World War II? To prevent oil-rich Arab nations from falling under Soviet

influence 24. After World War II, what organization was formed on the basis

of the Atlantic Charter? The United Nations25. What changes took place in the African-American civil rights

movement after WWII? The movement accelerated

26. After the war, the Soviet Union quickly took control of

several Eastern European countries27. What are satellite nations? Nations dominated by the Soviet Union28. What did President Truman promise in the Truman

Doctrine? To support nations trying to resist Soviet control29. What was the main goal of the Marshall Plan? To create stable democracies that could resist

communism30. What was the Berlin airlift? President Truman’s response to the Soviet blockade of

West Berlin

31. When did the Berlin Airlift occur? After the Soviets blocked Allied access to West Berlin32. For nearly 50 years, the Cold War was characterized by political conflict and military tensions33. President Truman ordered an end to discrimination in the armed forces34. Which country controlled Korea for much of the first half of

the twentieth century? Japan35. How was Korea divided at the end of World War II? Southern pro-American government and Northern pro-

Communist government

36. The Chinese Civil War also led up to the Korean War.37. Which president ordered an end to discrimination in

the military? Truman38. Americans thought the invasion by North Korea was

initiated by the Soviet Union39. What was the outcome of the Korean War? Korea remained divided at almost exactly the same place

as before the war40. As a result of the Korean War, the United States

succeeded in keeping South Korea free of communism

41. What was the final resolution of the Korean War? the dividing line stayed about the same42. The North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) was based on

the principle of collective security43. What impact did Joseph McCarthy have on American society? He encouraged a widespread fear of communism44. Under President Eisenhower, the United States acted to

oppose Soviet influence in the Middle East45. What was the result of the Soviet launch of Sputnik in 1957? Caused Congress to increase spending on teaching science and

mathematics

46. Television helped spur economic growth through its advertisements47. What did American society in the 1950s expected women to

do? Manage the household48. Rock-and-roll gave the young people of the 1950s a style they could call their own.49. The Supreme Court decision in Brown v. Board of Education

ended the separate but equal doctrine50. Kennedy’s victory in the 1960 presidential election was a very slim margin

51. What major issues were addressed in the New Frontier proposals?

The economy, poverty and the space program52. What did president Eisenhower do when Fidel Castro

seized American property in Cuba? He halted exports to Cuba53. In 1961, President Kennedy committed NASA and the

nation to the goal of landing a man on the moon within the decade54. What event brought the United States and the Soviet

Union to the brink of nuclear war? The Cuban Missile Crisis55. Why did the Soviets build the Berlin Wall? To prevent East Germans from fleeing to the West

56. How did the Soviets provoked Kennedy to quarantine Cuba? Positioning missiles on Cuban soil57. What was the eventual result of the Cuban Missile Crisis? The Soviets removed their missiles from Cuba 58. What was the Warren Commission decision on Kennedy’s

assassination? It was committed by a lone assassin 59. How was Martin Luther King, Jr. influenced by Gandhi? He was influenced by Ghandi’s belief in nonviolent protest59. Martin Luther King, Jr. and other members of the SCLC

encouraged a policy of nonviolent protest

61. What were the major beliefs of the Congress of Racial Equality (CORE)?

using nonviolent techniques to end racism 62. Who were the organizers of the Southern Christian

Leadership Conference (SCLC)?African American clergymen 62. The Black Panthers wanted African Americans to lead their own communities64. Who wrote “Letter from Birmingham Jail” ? Martin Luther King, Jr.65. Why did Civil rights leaders target Birmingham in

1963? it was the most segregated city in the country

67. The goal of Freedom Summer and the Selma March were to make people aware of what?

African American’s lack of voting rights68. What effect did television coverage of the brutal

tactics used against protesters by the Birmingham police have on Americans?

They were appalled by the violence69. What was the goal of the 1963 March on

Washington? Convince congress to pass civil rights legislation70. What was the highlight of the March on

Washington? Many African Americans were elected to office at all

levels

71. What changes took place after Congress passed the Voting Rights Act of 1965?

many African American registered to vote73. What were the results of the of the civil rights

movement? Thousands of African Americans could vote for the first

time 74. Which U.S. leaders were assassinated in 1968? Martin Luther King, Jr. and Robert Kennedy75. What were the major guiding principle behind the

foreign policies of Kennedy and Johnson? to stop the spread of Communism

76. The term feminism describes the theory of equality of men and women77. The women’s movement of the 1960s grew out of

women’s frustration with various forms of job discrimination78. What was exposed by the book Silent Spring? The harmful use of chemicals such as DDT79. The women’s movement borrowed legal tools and

inspiration from which other movement? Civil Rights Movement80. How did the appearance of counterculture, men and

women change during the 1960s? Men and women grew their hair long and wore

nontraditional clothes

81. What was the Woodstock festival? 400,000 people gathered for a peaceful concert of major rock

bands82. What did the United States fear would happen if it did not get

involved in Vietnam? Communists would take over83. What major advantage did the Viet Cong guerrillas have over

the U.S. military? Elaborate tunnel systems 84. What was Agent Orange used for during the Vietnam War? expose Viet Cong hiding places85. What event caused the major escalation of the war in

Vietnam? Passage of the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution

86. What effect did television have on the Vietnam War? it brought the brutality of the war into people’s living

rooms87. The student protest movement of the 1960s

emerged from the civil rights movement88. What happened at Kent State University? Tensions between student protesters and National

Guardsmen resulted in four deaths89. The Vietnam War finally ended in 1975 when North Vietnam gained control over all of Vietnam