This presentation draws on ideas from Professor Porter’s articles and books, in particular, The Competitive Advantage of Nations (The Free Press, 1990), “Building the Microeconomic Foundations of Competitiveness,” in The Global Competitiveness Report (World Economic Forum), “Clusters and the New Competitive Agenda for Companies and Governments” in On Competition (Harvard Business School Press, 2008), “Clusters and the Great Recession” (Delgado-Porter-Stern, Working Paper 2014), “Defining Clusters of Related Industries” (Delgado- Porter-Stern, NBER 2014), “Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance” (Delgado-Porter-Stern, NBER 2012), “Cluster and Entrepreneurship” (Delgado-Porter-Stern, CES 2010), “The Economic Performance of Regions” (Regional Studies 2003), and ongoing related research. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted in any form or by any means - electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise - without the permission of Michael E. Porter. For further materials, see the website of the Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness (www .isc.hbs.edu). US-EU WORKSHOP: Cluster Mapping and Cluster-Based Economic Development Professor Michael E. Porter Harvard Business School US-EU Cluster Workshop Harvard Business School November 17 th , 2015
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This presentation draws on ideas from Professor Porter’s articles and books, in particular, The Competitive Advantage of Nations (The Free Press, 1990), “Building the Microeconomic
Foundations of Competitiveness,” in The Global Competitiveness Report (World Economic Forum), “Clusters and the New Competitive Agenda for Companies and Governments” in On
Competition (Harvard Business School Press, 2008), “Clusters and the Great Recession” (Delgado-Porter-Stern, Working Paper 2014), “Defining Clusters of Related Industries” (Delgado-
Porter-Stern, NBER 2014), “Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance” (Delgado-Porter-Stern, NBER 2012), “Cluster and Entrepreneurship” (Delgado-Porter-Stern, CES 2010),
“The Economic Performance of Regions” (Regional Studies 2003), and ongoing related research. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or
transmitted in any form or by any means - electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise - without the permission of Michael E. Porter. For further materials, see the
website of the Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness (www.isc.hbs.edu).
US-EU WORKSHOP:
Cluster Mapping and
Cluster-Based Economic Development
Professor Michael E. PorterHarvard Business School
Assessing the Quality of the Business EnvironmentThe Diamond Model
Context for Firm Strategy and Rivalry
Related and Supporting Industries
Factor(Input)
Conditions
Demand Conditions
• Sophisticated and demanding local
needs
– e.g., Strict quality, safety, and
environmental standards
– Sophisticated demand in the private
sector or government
• Many things in the business environment matter for competitiveness
• Successful economic development is a process of successive upgrading, in which the business environment improves to enable increasingly sophisticated ways of competing
• Local rules and incentives that
encourage investment and productivity
– e.g. incentives for capital investments,
IP protection
• Sound corporate governance
• Open and vigorous local competition
− Openness to competition
− Strict competition laws• Improving access to high quality
business inputs
– Qualified human resources
– Capital availability
– Physical infrastructure
– Scientific and technological
infrastructure
– Administrative and regulatory
infrastructure • Availability and quality of suppliers and
Note: Cluster data includes all private, non-agricultural employment. Source: Michael E. Porter, Economic Performance of Regions, Regional Studies (2003); Updated via Cluster Mapping
Project, Institute for Strategy and Competitiveness, Harvard Business School (2008)
Source: “Clusters and the Great Recession” by Mercedes Delgado, Michael E. Porter, and Scott Stern (2014), “Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance” by Mercedes Delgado,
Michael E. Porter, and Scott Stern (2012), “Cluster and Entrepreneurship” by Mercedes Delgado, Michael E. Porter, and Scott Stern (2010); “The Economic Performance of Regions” by
Source: “Clusters and the Great Recession” by Mercedes Delgado, Michael E. Porter, and Scott Stern (2014), “Clusters, Convergence, and Economic Performance” by Mercedes Delgado,
Michael E. Porter, and Scott Stern (2012), “Cluster and Entrepreneurship” by Mercedes Delgado, Michael E. Porter, and Scott Stern (2010); “The Economic Performance of Regions” by