US Education System Guide

US Education system

• http://www.ed.gov/

Structure of US education

• The U.S. educational system today comprises almost 96,000 public elementary and secondary schools, plus more than 4,200 institutions of higher learning, ranging from small, two-year community colleges to massive state universities with undergraduate and graduate programs in excess of 30,000 students.

• Education in the United States is mainly provided by the public sector, with control and funding coming from three levels: federal, state, and local.

Level/Grade Typical age (at end of the school year)

Preschool

Various optional programs, such as Head Start Under 6 Pre-Kindergarten 4–5

Elementary school Kindergarten 5–6 1st Grade 6–7 2nd Grade 7–8 3rd Grade 8–9 4th Grade 9–10 5th Grade 10–11

Middle school 6th Grade 11–12 7th Grade 12–13 8th Grade 13–14

High school 9th Grade 14–15 10th Grade 15–16 11th Grade 16–17 12th Grade 17–18 Post-secondary education

Tertiary education (College orUniversity)

Ages vary, but often 18–23 (five years to complete four years of schooling, referred to as Freshman, Sophomore, Junior and Senior years)

Vocational education Ages vary

US Education Budget

• ED currently administers a budget of $69.9 billion in discretionary (Available for use as needed or desired)appropriations under the FY 2011 Continuing Resolution annualized level and operates programs that touch on every area and level of education. The Department's elementary and secondary programs annually serve nearly 14,000 school districts and approximately 56 million students attending some 99,000 public schools and 34,000 private schools. Department programs also provide grant, loan, and work-study assistance to more than 15 million postsecondary students.

Public school

• Public education constitutes the single largest expenditure for almost every U.S. city and county, which receive the bulk of their funding from local taxes. Local boards of education, most of which are elected, administer the nation’s nearly 15,500 school districts, ranging from small rural schools in states like Kansas and Nebraska to the New York City system, which educates more than a million children annually.

• About 90 percent of the annual expenditures for education at all levels comes from state, local, and private sources.

• This includes basic education, kindergarten to twelfth grade (K-12), also referred to as primary and secondary education, as well as post-secondary education / advanced education such as universities, colleges, and technical schools funded and overseen by government rather than private entities.

Private school

• Private schools -many of these schools are run by churches and other religious organizations. Of the estimated 55.8 million children attending elementary and secondary schools during the 2007-2008 academic year, about 6 million, or 11 percent, were enrolled in private schools

• funded in whole or in part by charging their students tuition, rather than relying on public (government) funding

District schools

• In the United States, public schools are run by school districts, which are independent special-purpose governments, or dependent school systems, which are under the control of state or local government

• A school district is a legally separate body corporate and politic. School districts are local governments with powers similar to that of a town or a county, except in Virginia, whose school divisions have no taxing authority and must depend on another local government (county, city, or town) for funding.

• Its governing body, which is typically elected by direct popular vote but may be appointed by other governmental officials, is called a school board, board of trustees, board of education, school committee, or the like. This body appoints a superintendent, usually an experienced public school administrator, to function as the district's chief executive for carrying out day-to-day decisions and policy implementations.

County School

• In the United States, a county is a geographic subdivision of a state ,usually assigned some governmental authority.

• The average number of counties per state is 62. The state with the most counties is Texas, 254; the state with fewest is Delaware, only three.

• As for the day-to-day operations of the county government, they are sometimes overseen by a county manager or chief administrative officer who reports to the board, the mayor, or both.

State Total Alabama 2899

Alaska 809Arizona 3858

Arkansas 2282California 18084Colorado 3328

Connecticut 2328Delaware 388

District Of Columbia 392Florida 6456Georgia 4476Hawaii 545Idaho 1341Illinois 8601Indiana 3866

Iowa 2957Kansas 2844

Kentucky 2819Louisiana 2920

Maine 1383Maryland 2767

Massachusetts 3730Michigan 7630

Minnesota 4673Mississippi 1973

Missouri 4632Montana 1727Nebraska 2512Nevada 1093

New Hampshire 947New Jersey 4842

New Mexico 1599New York 9109

North Dakota 1080Ohio 7970

Oklahoma 3592Oregon 2491

Pennsylvania 6411Puerto Rico 2767

Rhode Island 675South Carolina 2309South Dakota 1486

Vermont 738Vermont 738

Texas 15354Utah 1729

Virginia 3945Washington 4293

West Virginia 1584Wisconsin 4426Wyoming 755

Important links• http://www.america.gov/st/educ-english/2008/September/20080911223538eaifa

s0.320335.html• http://www.ed.gov/• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_school_(government_funded)• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Private_school• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/School_district• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Middle_school• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States#Funding_for_K.E2.

80.9312_schools• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_in_the_United_States#Funding_for_colleg

e• http://www2.ed.gov/about/overview/budget/budget11/11action.pdf• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/

List_of_high_schools_in_Los_Angeles_County,_California• http://www.answers.com/topic/county-united-states• http://alaska.educationbug.org/public-schools/

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