U.S. Department of Energy Clean Coal Programs U.S. Department of Energy Clean Coal Programs Vision 21 The Zero Emissions Power Plant of the Future November 2002 Vision 21 The Zero Emissions Power Plant of the Future November 2002
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U.S. Department of EnergyClean Coal Programs
U.S. Department of EnergyClean Coal Programs
Vision 21The Zero Emissions Power Plant of the Future
November 2002
Vision 21The Zero Emissions Power Plant of the Future
November 2002
U.S. Department of Energy 2
Vision 21Vision 21
Adv. Pulverized & Fluidized Combustors
Gasification Combined Cycle
Gas Turbines
Emission Controls
Fuel Preparation
Liquid Synthesis
Adv. Pulverized & Fluidized Combustors
Gasification Combined Cycle
Gas Turbines
Emission Controls
Fuel Preparation
Liquid Synthesis
Ultra-Super Critical Steam Systems
High Performance Heat Exchangers
Membrane/Other Gas Separation
Fuel Flexible Gasifiers and Gas Turbine/Fuel Cells
Carbon Sequestration R&D
Ultra-Super Critical Steam Systems
High Performance Heat Exchangers
Membrane/Other Gas Separation
Fuel Flexible Gasifiers and Gas Turbine/Fuel Cells
Carbon Sequestration R&D
Hybrid Gasifier/Combustor, Fuel Cell/Turbine Systems
Advanced Emission Controls
Liquids/Heat Coproduction
CO2 Capture
Carbon Sequestration
Hybrid Gasifier/Combustor, Fuel Cell/Turbine Systems
Advanced Emission Controls
Liquids/Heat Coproduction
CO2 Capture
Carbon Sequestration
TodayToday 20052005 20102010 20152015
Virtually pollution freeSulfur/nitrogen pollutants converted to chemicals, fertilizers, etc.
Double power efficiencies60%+ (compared to 33% today), Reduces CO2 emissions by 40%
Multiple productsCombined heat and power, plus liquid fuels/chemicals boosts overall efficiencies to 80%+
Virtually pollution freeSulfur/nitrogen pollutants converted to chemicals, fertilizers, etc.
Double power efficiencies60%+ (compared to 33% today), Reduces CO2 emissions by 40%
Multiple productsCombined heat and power, plus liquid fuels/chemicals boosts overall efficiencies to 80%+
U.S. Department of Energy 3
Vision 21 Cost Reduction GoalsVision 21 Cost Reduction Goals
$10 per ton carbon$140 – $200 per ton carbonCarbon Sequestration
10% less for equivalent fuel costFuel cost dependentCost of Electricity
$20/bbl-crude equivalent$28/bbl-crude equivalentLiquid Fuels Production
Reduce capital cost 35% (membranes)Cryogenic-air separationOxygen Production
$4.00/MMBtu$6.83/MMBtuHydrogen Production (from coal)
$400/kW$1,500-$3,500/kW**Fuel Cell Capital Cost
$900/kW*$1,200/kWIGCC Capital Cost
2015 GoalPresent
U.S. Department of Energy 4
Vision 21 Technology Targets
10–20% lowerCost of Energy
No Net CO2w/Sequestration47%32%24%CO2 Reduction
Near-Zero1/10 NSPS1/10 NSPS1/6 NSPSEmissions
>60%60%47%42%Efficiency
2015–Vision 21201020052000
U.S. Department of Energy 5
VISION 21Modular Technology
VISION 21Modular Technology
Fossil Fuels• Coal• Gas• Oil
Opportunity Feedstocks• Biomass• Municipal Waste• Petcoke
Electricity
Chemicals
TransportationFuels
Syngas
Hydrogen
Steam
OUTPUT
GasSeparation
Modules
Combustion/Gasification
Systems IntegrationSystems Integration
Modules
Power
High-Temp.Heat Exch.
Modules
Gas Cleanup
Modules
Modules
Modules
Fuels/Chemicals
INPUT
U.S. Department of Energy 6
U.S. Department of Energy 7
Vision 21 Program New Projects Contribute to the Ultra-Clean Energy Plant
CO2 Sequestration
Oxygen M em brane
Electricity
ProcessHeat/Steam
POWER
FU ELS
HydrogenS eparation
Gasification
GasS tream
Cleanup
Fuels/Chemicals
F u e l C e l lF u e l C e l l
L iq u id s C o n v e r s io nL iq u id s C o n v e rs io n
H ig h E f f ic ie n c y T u rb in eH ig h E f f ic ie n c y T u r b in e
C oal
OtherFuels
Systems Integration
Advanced Materials
Modeling -Combustion
Turbines & Fuel Cells
Hydrogen Membrane
Gasification &Combustion
OxygenMembrane
Modeling -Gas/Particle
Flow
Virtual Simulation
U.S. Department of Energy 8
Vision 21Public Benefits
Increases electricity supply and reduces costs• Resolves environmental issues and mitigates plant
siting concerns• Enables continued use of low-cost, secure domestic
coalEases transition to carbon-constrained environment with minimal economic disruption • Vision 21 plants designed to allow for affordable CO2
separation and captureProvides near-term spin-off technologies• Advances in computer simulation and other
technologies promote development of improved components for energy & other systems
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