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Card 2_04 Be used to Card 2_05 Be used to Card 2_06 Be used to
Card 2_07 Verbs followed by gerunds or infinitives Card 2_08 Verbs followed by gerunds or infinitives Card 2_09 Verbs followed by infinitives with an object before it
Card 2_10 Verbs followed by a preposition + gerunds Card 2_11 Verbs followed by infinitives with/without objects Card 2_12 Adjectives followed by prepositions
Directions: Use the simple past or the past continuous in the following sentences.
1. I _________ only two chapters of the book last week. (read) 2. I _________ a book last night when you called. (read) 3. I _________ John at 9 last night, but he ________ at home. (call / be neg.) He
_________ at the library. (study) 4. I _________ the thunder during the storm last night because I _________. (hear neg. /
sleep) 5. My brother and sister _________ about something when I _________ into the room.
(argue / walk)
6. When I _________ the package, I _________ a surprise. (open / find) 7. I ________ a car accident last night. I _______ down Washington Avenue (have,
almost / drive) when suddenly I _________ a car in my lane. It _________ right at my car. (see / come) I ________ on the brakes and _________ to the right (step / swerve)
The other car _________ my car by about an inch. (miss, just)
Situation: Sue and Harry Wilkins recently moved to Victoria. Mr. Wilkins and Bob
Bradley are talking about it.
Directions: Fill in the blanks with so or neither plus a subject and a verb.
HARRY: I like Victoria, and so does Mary (1. Mary). I don’t miss Toronto, and __________ (2. she).
BOB: What do you like about it? HARRY: Well, the climate is great, and ___________(3. people). Food isn’t too
expensive, and _______________ (4. heat). I got an almost new car for a great price. Houses aren’t that expensive here. I couldn’t afford a house in Toronto, and ___________ (5. my brother) when he lived there. Here I can.
BOB: What about all the cultural advantages of Toronto? Don’t you miss them? HARRY: Not really. For example, I didn’t care that much for the theater, and
__________________(6. Mary). We’re happy in Victoria.
In order to avoid repetition of earlier words or phrases, we use too or so and an
appropriate auxiliary verb.
He speaks English and she speaks English. He speaks English and she does too.
He speaks English and so does she.
I went to New York and John went to New York. I went to New York and John did too.
I went to New York so did John.
1. Directions: Shorten the following sentences by using a verb phrase with too.
He wants to go there and she wants to go there. He wants to go there and she does too.
1. Mary left right after lunch and John left right after lunch. 2. She is going to the concert and I am going to the concert. 3. John will be here at ten o’clock and I will be here at ten o’clock. 4. My watch is fast and your watch is fast. 5. She wanted to go a movie and I wanted to go a movie. 6. She is making good progress and her brother is making progress. 7. Smith has gone back to Europe and his wife has gone back to Europe. 8. Jones was arrested and his assistant was arrested. 9. He saw the accident and I saw the accident. 10. John liked the movie and I liked the movie. 11. Helen will be there and her sister will be there. 12. We go to the beach every weekend and they go to the beach every weekend. 13. He can speak French and she can speak French. 14. I have had lunch and Mary has had lunch. 2. Directions: Now shorten the sentences by using a verb phrase with so.
We use too and so with auxiliary verbs to avoid the repetition of earlier words or phrases
in a positive sentence. He speaks English well and she speaks English well. He speaks English well and she does too.
He speaks English well and so does she.
He went there and John went there. He went there and John did too.
He went there and so did John.
Directions: Fill in the blanks with the correct auxiliary verb. 1. He wants to study English and she does too. 2. He likes New York and so ______ she 3. John saw the movie and so ______ I. 4. She is sick and you _______ too. 5. I will leave soon and so _______ you. 6. We heard the explosion and he _______ too. 7. He has traveled all over the word and she _______ too. 8. They enjoyed the movie and we _______ too. 9. He is lazy and so _______ she. 10. John will leave soon and so _______ William. 11. I knew what they were doing and Helen _______ too. 12. I am going to study French and so _______ she. 13. He has been to Europe and I _______ too. 14. Helen saw the accident and so _______ I. 15. They are going to be late for class and so _______ we. 16. He tries to be pleasant and so _______ his sister. 17. They want to give something and I _______ too. 18. The meat was salty and the vegetables _______ too. 19. My watch is slow and so _______ John’s. 20. He will help us and Henry _______ too. 21. They watch television every night and so _______ my family.
1. so would 2. neither does 3. did too. 4. didn’t either 5. so has 6. isn’t either 7. did too. 8. neither is 9. so do 10. did too 11. neither does 12. hasn’t either 13. so have
I’m happy, and so is Carla. I like our new home, and so does she.
We moved last year, and so did my brother.
I didn’t like our old house, and neither did Carla.
I’m not sorry, and neither is she.
NOTE: Use so to connect two affirmative statements. Use neither to connect two negative statements. Match the sentences to the correct response. Use so and neither to fill in the blanks: 1. I hate disco music. a. _____, but I finally quit. 2. I don’t like steak. b. _____ Nelson. They’re sick. 3. Hiroko doesn’t like Takeo. c. _____ Pietro. He looks fat. 4. I used to smoke. d. So do I. It is too noisy. 5. Tony wasn’t in class today. e. _____. I don’t eat meat. 6. Bruno should go on a diet. f. _____ Akiko. He’s too pushy. Unscramble the sentences. early, Jim up get hates to does and so Helen. Jim hates to get up early, and so does Helen. 1. to I telephone, Susan on neither and the like doesn’t do talk. Susan ____________________________________________. 2. less I should you and so eat should. _________________________________________________. 3. has I to neither Rio, and Stan been haven’t. _________________________________________________. 4. summer, Martha would go Hawaii to I’d and so this like to. I’d ______________________________________________.
Directions: Write the correct TAG QUESTION after each statement.
Remember:
_____ Affirmative Statement ________ Negative Tag Question Ex: The movie was interesting, wasn't it? _____ Negative Statements ________ Affirmative Tag Question Ex: The movie wasn’t good, was it?
1. She likes to swim, ____________? 2. Miriam never went to Japan, ____________? 3. Laura wasn’t at the meeting, ____________? 4. Sue works very hard, ____________? 5. Maria Silvia is feeling better, ____________?
6. You are intelligent, ____________? 7. ET is a beautiful movie, ____________? 8. Edu was in the Seleção Brasileira, _____________? 9. Tony is a famous gangster, _____________? 10. John isn’t feeling well, _____________?
A. Directions: Use a rejoinder to react with surprise.
1. A: I went to the US in January. B: ____________! 2. A: I am a famous actor. B: ____________! 3. A: I have two boyfriends. B: ____________! 4. A: I have never gone to the States. B: ____________! 5. A: I’ll probably be a singer when I grow up. B: ____________! B. Directions: Confirm the information. Use Tag Questions.
1. You haven’t gone to Europe before, _____________? 2. She’s visiting her parents, ______________? 3. Kelly will probably be staying here, ______________? 4. Bob and Joe like rock music, _______________? 5. Sue used to study English, _______________? 6. Mr. Edward would join us, _______________?
Directions 1: Express surprise by using a rejoinder
a. A: I won $ 2,000,000.00!! B: ____________________!
b. A: I’m going to the States this weekend. B: ____________________!
c. A: Tom will read it. B: ____________________!
d. A: I go to Europe every semester.
B: ____________________!
Directions 2: Confirm information by using a tag question.
a. You’re Tom Cruise, ____________? b. Mark has been to Hawaii, ____________? c. Jane won the car, ____________? d. Carl and Mick are really good students, ____________? e. You’ll have your car fixed, ____________? f. Mandy can do it, ____________?
Directions: Write the correct rejoinder to show surprise after each statement.
Ex. I’m an opera singer. You are!
1. Paul works at the hospital. ______________! 2. I don’t like the color red. ______________! 3. Sue and André got married. ______________! 4. Charlie Sheen has a black Porsche. _____________! 5. I didn’t finish my homework. ______________! 6. Emílio Estevez was in the movie The Breakfast Club. ____________! 7. I can’t go to the movies with you tonight. _____________! 8. Lori isn’t married. ______________! 9. Mark Twain wrote Tom Sawyer. ______________! 10. Mary has never gone to Paris. _______________!
Pinky and the Brain are two cartoon characters. They are laboratory mice stuck in a
cage so they are taking advantage of their free time to talk about their childhood. Fill in
the blanks in the questions and answers below that talk about habits in the past. 1. Pinky: What __________ you ____________ (watch) on TV when you were a kid,
Brain? Brain: I __________ (neg. / watch) TV Pinky, I preferred books.
2. Brain: ___________ you _______________ (watch) TV Pinky?
Pinky: I ___________________________ (watch) the Animal Planet. It’s a pity we don’t have a TV here.
3. Pinky: What kind of comic books ____________ you ______________ (read) when
you were a kid, Brain? Brain: We _________________________ (get) National Geographic once a month. I __________________ (read) that.
4. Pinky: But that’s not a comic book, Brain. What ____________ you ______________
(do) for fun? Brain: I ________________________ (design) plans and machines to take over the world.
5. Pinky: But ________________ you _____________________ (neg. / play) regular games too – like the other young mice? Brain: Well, Pinky, I ______________________________ (neg. / have) any friends. But now I’ve got you. Let’s play a very fun game, shall we?… It’s called “Let’s take over the world.”
1. Pinky: did you use to watch / Brain: didn’t use to watch 2. Brain: did you use to watch / Pinky: used to watch 3. Pinky: did you use to read / Brain: used to get, used to read 4. Pinky: did you use to do / Brain: used to design 5. Pinky: didn’t you use to play / Brain: didn’t use to have
Vanessa is telling you a story about her experience with her favorite sport – swimming.
Match the sentences on the left with the time expressions that best fit each one from the
expressions on the right.
Vanessa: 1. ____________, I had already learned how to
swim really well. 2. In fact, ______________ I used to go to the
club every day just so I could go swimming. 3. _________ I started competing. 4. I’ve been practicing a lot __________. 5. I mean, yesterday ________, I was
swimming. Talk about dedication! 6. But I haven’t won a major competition
___________, though I’ve won lots of minor titles and I’m the best swimmer at my school.
7. ___________ I came in second place at a
major competition, so I’m getting better.
A. lately B. last weekend C. at 6: 30 AM D. three years ago E. when I was 4 years old. F. By the time I was 4 years
Vanessa is going to be interviewed for her school paper. Fill in the blanks with the
correct verb tense for each question. 1. _____________ you __________(take) swimming classes when you were a child? 2. We know you usually practice early every morning, but yesterday was a Sunday.
_____________ you _________________ (swim) yesterday at 6:30 in the morning? 3. Three years ago you won the school championship on your very first competition.
How _________________ that _____________________ (feel)? 4. We know you won the school championship when you were twelve, but __________
you __________________ (won) any competitions by the time you were twelve? 5. ______________ you _________ (travel) a lot lately because of these competitions? 6. How _____________ you _________________ (feel) last weekend when you came in
second place? 7. ________________ you ___________________ (decide) yet if you want to be a
Bruce and Kate were friends when they were 10 years old but they haven’t seen each
other in the last six years. They have just run into each other at a party. Fill in the
blanks in the questions and answers in the interview below: Bruce: Hi Kate. Wow, it _________ 1. (be) a long time since we last met. You look
different. ________ you _______ 2. (work out) lately? You look fantastic. Kate: Thanks. I _______ 3. (take) dance classes. But look at you, you _________ 4.
(change) a lot too. You’re so tall. So, what ______ you _______ 5. (do) these days?
Bruce: Well, I’m still studying at Saint Ellen’s school. But now I _________ 6. (study)
music and ________ 7. (learn) how to play the guitar. How about you? Kate: It’s funny that you asked. Do you remember when we were kids and we
_________ 8. (go) water-skiing at the lake? Yeah, well, now I’m into wakeboarding as a result. I ________ 9. (start) about six months ago when I turned sixteen. Before that my Mom wouldn’t allow me to. So actually, my first time was on my birthday. I _________________ 10. (never / try) it before, but I really loved it.
Bruce: Sounds fantastic. _________ you ___________ 11. (start) competing yet? Kate: No way. I only started this year, and for some of the girls there, by the time they
turned ten, they ________ already ______ 12. (learn) the most amazing maneuvers.
Bruce: So maybe we should go down to the lake some time. Maybe I can learn. I miss
the way we _____________ 13. (hang out) when we were kids. Kate: Sure. I’d like that.
Bruce and Kate are friends. They made plans to go out last Saturday but it didn’t work
out. Bruce is calling Kate to find out what happened. Fill in the blanks in the questions
and answers in the interview below: Bruce: Hey, Kate, What ______ 1. (happen) to you last Saturday? I _____ 2. (call) your
house around 9 in the morning for us to go out to the lake but no one answered. Kate: At 9 o’clock? Sorry Bruce, but I ________3. (sleep) at 9, that’s why I didn’t
answer the phone. We _______ 4. (go) out last night to this party in the countryside and we ________ 5. (miss) the last train into the city. By the time we got to the train station, the train _________ 6. (already / leave). So we only got home really early in the morning. But, hey, I called you on Saturday at about 11:30 in the morning.
Bruce: Yeah, well I _________ 7. (already / give up) on going to the lake by 11:30. I
thought you ____________ 8. (forgot) about me. At 11:30 I ___________ 9. (swim) at the club.
Kate: I’m so sorry Bruce. Maybe we can try it again this weekend. We ___________
10. (neg. make) plans yet for the weekend, maybe you and I can plan something. Bruce: I’d like that. We ____ 11. (be) such good friends when we were kids, I’d like us
to be good friends again. Kate: Good, so it’s agreed. This weekend we’ll go to the lake. But... um... Bruce, can
we plan for not so early in the morning? I _______ 12. (study) a lot lately. And I ____ 13. (wake) up early every day during the week. So I ______14. (neg. sleep) enough during the week. Do you think we could go a little later on the weekend?
1. So was Wilma / Wilma was too. 2. So does Wilma / Wilma does too. 3. Neither does Wilma / Wilma doesn’t either. 4. So does Wilma / Wilma does too. 5. Neither has Wilma / Wilma hasn’t either. 6. So has Wilma / Wilma has too. 7. Neither did Wilma / Wilma didn’t either. 8. So would Wilma. / Wilma would too. 9. But Wilma hasn’t. 10. But Wilma does.
The Cherubs Dating Service is always putting people together based on their likeness.
Discover how much you have in common with this mystery person from their archives.
Respond to their comments with what is true for you using one of the following: “So /
Too / Either / Neither” or “But.”
Mystery Person: You:
1. This mystery person lives in Sao Paulo. 2. This mystery person is interested in sports. 3. This person likes to watch movies. 4. This person doesn’t like western movies. 5. This person used to watch Japanese cartoons when
he/she was a kid. 6. This person hardly ever watches reality shows. 7. This person has never cheated on a test. 8. This person has a dog. 9. This person has traveled abroad. 10. This person can’t sing very well.
Johnny is in the office of his high school principal – Mr. Weeds. Please match each
sentence with its tag.
1. Mr. Weeds: “Please, sit down, A. do they? 2. Johnny: “Just leave me alone, B. isn’t it? 3. Mr. Weeds: “You don’t want me to call your mother now, C. isn’t there? 4. Johnny: “Everyone was making, trouble, D. is it? 5. Johnny: “But I’m the only one who gets caught, E. will you? 6. Mr. Weeds: So let’s talk to the rest of your friends, F. won’t you? 7. Johnny: “No, I’m not a snitch. But nobody ever believes me, G. shall we? 8. Mr. Weeds: “You think your teacher is picking on you, H. aren’t I? 9. Johnny: “That’s a possibility, I. don’t they? 10. Mr. Weeds: “You hardly ever pay attention in class, J. do you? 11. Johnny: “That’s not really the point, K. weren’t they? 12. Mr. Weeds: “And you are always talking while your teacher is talking,
L. don’t you?
13. Johnny: “I have never flunked a test, M. do you? 14: Johnny: “I’m a good student, N. aren’t you? 15. Mr. Weeds: “Yes, you are. But I can see that in terms of respect, there is a lot for you to learn,
Josie is at a fortuneteller. The fortuneteller is trying to guess things about Josie based on
her crystal ball. Please fill in the tags for the things the fortuneteller asks Josie. 1. Let’s begin, ______________________? 2. Good, now let me see,… you are in love, ____________? 3. But there is something bothering you, _______________? 4. That’s the reason you are here, ________________? 5. No one knows about this relationship, ______________? 6. You hardly ever talk to him in public, ______________? 7. The decision to keep it secret wasn’t yours, __________? 8. You think he has another secret girlfriend, ___________? 9. He has lots of girls hanging around him, _____________? 10. He has never said you were the only one, ____________? 11. You are not giving yourself due value. Stop being such a coward, ____________?
Talk to him about this and you’ll find out what is really in his heart. 12. Ah… but I know… everyone wants to be loved, ______? 13. I know, you don’t want to be rejected, ______________? 14. I’m right about all of this, _______________? 15. Don’t worry, it will all turn out okay – one way or another. Now, let’s talk about
Unit 1 - REJOINDERS Complete the sentences below using so do, so does, do too, does too, or are too.
John Pricilla Bill
wears a uniform � x �
works 8 hours a day � � �
is single x � x is 35 years old � x �
bought a car � � �
likes sports x � �
has kids x � x lives in São Paulo x � x drinks beer � � �
1. John wears a uniform and... 2. Pricilla works 8 hours a day... 3. John isn’t single... 4. Bill is 35 years old... 5. Pricilla bought a car... 6. Bill likes sports... 7. John has no kids... 8. John doesn’t live in S. Paulo... 9. Bill is a man... 10. Pricilla drinks beer ...
1. .... and so does Bill. .... and Bill does too. 2. .... and so do Bill and John. .... and John and Bill do too. 3. .... and neither is Bill. .... and Bill isn’t either. 4. ..... and so is John. ..... and John is too. 5. ..... and so did John and Bill. ..... and John and Bill did too. 6. ..... and so does Pricilla. ..... and Pricilla does too. 7. ...... and neither does Bill. ..... and Bill doesn’t either. 8. ....... and neither does Bill. ...... and Bill doesn’t either. 9. ....... and so is John. ...... and John is too. 10. ...... and so do John and Bill. ...... and John and Bill do too.
Directions: Write sentences using so or neither. I must go now. (John) So must John. Gordon can’t swim. (Bob) Neither can Bob. Harry wasn’t at home. (Jim) Neither was Jim. Robert went to New York. (Jean) So did Jean.
1. I got a letter. (Peter) 2. Paul went swimming. (Betty) 3. John was here. (Sally) 4. Bob shouldn’t worry. (Jim) 5. Betty saw the film. (Susan) 6. Jim can’t stand Anne. (Don) 7. Paul hasn’t been away. (I) 8. I must stay for a week. (Don) 9. Harry bought a car. (Richard) 10. Harry came early. (my friend) 11. I will be late. (John) 12. Bob didn’t understand. (Jim) 13. I have to go to bed. (Sally) 14. Mary had a party. (David) 15. I haven’t had any tea. (Jim) 16. Sue hasn’t been there yet. (Peter) 17. Sally might be there. (Helen) 18. I wanted to go by air. (Jill) 19. John mustn’t smoke. (Richard) 20. John has caught a cold. (Bob)
1. So did Peter. 2. So did Betty. 3. So was Sally. 4. Neither should ... 5. So did ... 6. Neither can ... 7. Neither have I. 8. So must ... 9. So did ... 10. So did my friend. 11. So will ... 12. Neither did ... 13. So does ... 14. So did ... 15. Neither has ... 16. Neither has ... 17. So might ... 18. So did ... 19. Neither must ... 20. So has ..
Complete this story with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses. Use the simple past
or the past progressive.
The Ant and the Grasshopper
In a field one summer's day a Grasshopper (1.hop)____ about, (2.chirp)____ and (3.sing)____ to its heart's content. An Ant (4.pass)____by. He (5.carry)____ along with great toil an ear of corn he (6.take)____ to the nest. "Why not come and chat with me," (7.say)____ the Grasshopper, "instead of toiling and moiling in that way?" "I am helping to lay up food for the winter," (8.reply)____ the Ant, "and recommend you do the same." "Why bother about winter?" (9.laugh)____ the Grasshopper; we have got plenty of food at present." But the Ant (10.go)____ on his way and (11.continue)____ his toil, while the Grasshopper (12.keep on)____ singing. The dark, cold winter (13.arrive)____. One morning when the Ant (14.distribute)____ corn to his friends, he (15.hear)____a knock on the door. He (16.look)____ through the peephole and (17.see)____ the Grasshopper. The Ant (18.smile)____ to himself. “The Grasshopper is probably cold and hungry, but I’m not going to help her. While I (19.work)____ during the summer, she just (20.sit)____ and (21.sing)____. Let her dance now.” The Ant (22.smile-still)____ when he (23.open)____ the door to the Grasshopper, but the smile soon (24.die)____ on his face when he (25.see)____ the Grasshopper dressed in the finest fur, next to a chauffeured limo. “Say, Ant,” (26.say)____ the Grasshopper.” I hope you’ve heard I have become a famous pop singer. I came here today to give you a copy of my new album and bid you farewell. I’m off to Paris now. Bye!”
1. was hopping 2. chirping 3. singing 4. passed 5. was carrying 6. was taking 7. said 8. replied 9. laughed 10. went 11. continued 12. kept on 13. arrived 14. was distributing 15. heard 16. looked 17. saw 18. smiled 19. was working/worked 20. sat 21. sang 22. was still smiling 23. opened 24. died 25. saw 26. said
1. looks like 2. describes 3. is organizing 4. walks 5. crosses 6. do 7. is also used 8. was knocked 9. killed 10. to cross 11. says / said 12. there aren’t 13. know 14. is 15. do 16. were knocked 17. was almost killed 18. is 19. is suffering 20. were broken 21. said
Complete the following exchanges with so, too, either or neither.
1. – Where do you study English? – I study English at Alumni. – ___ . What class are you in? – I am in Upper Teen 1. – ___ . I am having a great time. Are you in the intensive course? – No, I’m not. – ___ . I don’t have enough time to come to Alumni every day. 2. – What would you like to do when you graduate from high school? – I’d like to travel for a while. – ___ . I would love to take a break before getting into college. 3. – Have you chosen a career yet? – No, I haven’t. – ___ . I’m thinking of taking one of those vocational tests. My father would like me to be a doctor, though. Both my parents are doctors. – ___ my mother, but she has never tried to persuade me to follow her career. 4. – Have you ever been on an exchange program? – No, I haven’t. My best friend went to London last year and just loved it. – I liked it ___ but I hated the food. – ___ my best friend. 5. – How do you like the new girl in our class? – I can’t stand her. – ___ . She is such a show-off. And what’s with the orange hair? I find it outrageous. – ___ . How can anyone choose that hair color?
Unit 2 - GERUND USED AFTER CERTAIN VERBS AND PREPOSITIONS
Directions: Answer the questions using a verb phrase.
Situation: You are being interviewed.
A: What do you enjoy doing? B: __________________________________. A: What’s something you’re good at? B: __________________________________. A: What do you have a hard time doing? B: __________________________________. A: When you’re far from home, what do you miss? B: __________________________________. A: What are you looking forward to doing this year? B: __________________________________. A: Thank you very much for answering my questions.
Unit 2 – VERBS FOLLOWED BY GERUNDS AND INFINITIVES
Complete the sentences below with one of the verbs from the box in the gerund or
infinitive.
WASH GO OUT HELP TALK DO ACCEPT STAY LISTEN APPLY ANSWER
1. He tried to avoid (1)____________________ my question. 2. The students offered (2)_________________ with the party decoration. 3. I enjoy (3)__________________ to rock and rap. 4. I considered (4)_________________________ for the job but later I decided not
(5)___________ it. 5. Have you finished (6)__________________ your hair yet? 6. I don't mind (7)_____________________ on the phone. 7. We all hate (8)__________________ tests at school. 8. My sister refused (9)___________________ home on the weekend, because she wanted
Unit 2 – VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES WITH AN OBJECT BEFORE IT
Complete the sentences for each situation:
1. Jane: Lock the door, please. Bob: OK. She told ________________________________________. 2. Peter and Nancy: Why don't you come and stay with us for a few days? Rick: Yes, I'd love to. They invited _____________________________________. 3. Mom: Be careful! Son: Don't worry. I will. She warned _____________________________________. 4. Teacher: Study hard. I'm sure you’ll make it. Paula: OK. I'll try my best. The teacher encouraged ___________________________. 5. Mom: Don’t forget to take your sweater. It's cold. Daughter: OK Mom, thanks. Mom reminded __________________________________. 6. Parents: Be home at midnight or you'll be grounded!!! Betty: Ok I'll be home on time after the party. They forced _____________________________________.
Unit 2 – VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES WITH/WITHOUT OBJECTS
Complete the sentences using the verbs in parentheses. Use an object pronoun (him, her,
you, us, it, them) whenever necessary.
1. My parents encouraged ________(STUDY) hard at school. 2. Susan asked __________________(HELP) her with her math exercises. 3. My mom forced _______________(MAKE) my bed and clean my room. 4. My friend warned ____________(NOT/TRUST) strangers. 5. I was invited _________________(COME) to the party. 6. Natty was asked _________________(BE) home on time. 7. I expect ______________(CALL) me any time now. 8. We are allowed _____________(EAT) to eat in our rooms. 9. My grandma never allows ______________(STAY) up late. 10. I refused ____________________(TAKE CARE) of my little sister.
Unit 2 – VERBS FOLLOWED BY INFINITIVES WITH/WITHOUT OBJECTS
ANSWER KEY:
1. me to study 2. me to help 3. me to make 4. me not to trust 5. to come 6. to be 7. him/her to call me 8. to eat 9. us/me to stay up 10. to take care of
Complete the blanks in the dialogue with the correct preposition and a verb when
necessary.
Phil: Aren't you fed up (1)____________ your math classes? Mel: No. I'm really interested (2)__________ (study) math. Why are you so annoyed
(3)________ the classes? Phil: Well, I think I am hopeless (4)______________ (understand) algebra. Mel: Don't get mad (5)___________ your teacher, then. I'm famous (6)__________
(give) the best math help at school. I'll be your tutor!!!!! Phil: Okay. You may be good (7)_____________ math but you don't have to show off,
do you? Mel: I'm sorry. Are you ready (8)______________ your review classes? Phil: Yes, Mel. I'm serious (9)__________ (study) hard. Let's start. Mel: Good. I just hope you don't get too dependent (10)___________me. You must
study alone too. Phil: Just tell me what to do. I’m pretty useless (11)________________ (organize)
myself. Mel: Relax! When we finish, you will be proud (12)_______yourself. Phil: Thanks.
Use the list of verbs below to complete the blanks with the correct form:
SHOUT BE GIVE GET WEAR KISS TRAVEL MAKE TALK CHEAT
1. I think it's okay ____________________ jeans to Tom’s party. It's supposed to be
really casual. 2. Don't you think it's important ____________ there on time? 3. It's not simple ______________to boys. Don't you think so? 4. Do you find it embarrassing _____________ someone in front of your friends? 5. It's nice ________________ Christmas presents. 6. It's not fair __________________ on tests. 7. I think it's fun ________________ abroad. 8. It's very impolite ________________ at your parents. 9. I guess it's quite easy _______________ friends at school. 10. Don't worry. It's fine __________nervous on your first date.
Complete the situations with LET MAKE or HELP, an object and a verb.
1. In my opinion, older brothers or sisters should (a)________________ (their little brothers / do homework). They should also (b)_________________ (neg. / obj. / get into trouble).
1. Kids should always try (c)__________________ (their parents / take care of the house).
They shouldn't (d)_______________ (obj. / lose their tempers). 2. Husbands should (e)_____________ (their wives / do the housework) and take care of
the kids. Women shouldn't (f)______________ (their husbands / shy away) from their responsibilities.
3. Teachers should (g)_________________ (neg. / students / cheat) on tests. They should
(h)____________ (obj. / do) their homework and study. She should also (i)______________ (obj.) with their doubts.
4. When you walk your dog, you should (j)_____________ (keep the city clean) by
picking up his mess. You shouldn't (k)______________ (other people / do) that for you.
Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verbs in parentheses.
1. I love _____________ to the movies. (go) 2. I can't stand _______________ criticized. (be) 3. Can you keep your eyes open for a minute without _________________? (blink) 4. I always brush my teeth after ____________. (eat) 5. I invited John _________________ to Rio with us. (come) 6. I have just finished _________ my test. I'm free to go now. (write) 7. People aren't allowed ________________ here. If you do, you'll probably get a ticket.
(park) 8. Bob is good at _______________ math problems. (solve) 9. My sister is crazy about __________ chocolate. When she starts, she can't stop. (eat) 10. It's important _____________books. They help you learn a lot of vocabulary. (read) 11. I'm really excited about ______________ to the beach. (go) 12. I usually avoid ______________ too many sweets because I'm always on a diet. (eat) 13. My friends enjoy ________________ to the mall. (go) 14. We all spend a lot of time ________________ homework and studying for tests. (do) 15. This project involves __________ a lot of research. (do) 16. I want ____________ how to play the guitar. (learn) 17. I was forced _________________ my room. (clean) 18. The teacher told us ___________ from the blackboard. (copy)
Here are some things that Holly believes in. Fill in the blanks with “a”, “an”, “the” or
“∅∅∅∅.”
Holly’s Philosophy of Life: Part One “___________1. Life is too short. Live it fully.” “___________2. Love is the most important thing in our lives.” “___________3. Time never stops. It is the second most important thing in our lives. Don’t waste ___________4. time.” “___________5. summer love never lasts.” “If at first you don’t succeed, try ___________6. second time. But after trying for ___________7. fifth time, you might consider revising your tactics or giving up.” “___________8. bird in the hand is better than two birds in the bush. However, ___________9. bird you catch never sings as nicely as ___________10. birds in the bush.” “There are lots of ___________11. fish in the sea, but ___________12. fish you like best may not see you in the middle of so many. Be ___________13. unique fish, so your fish will see you and you won’t end up with ___________14. ugly, old fish.”
Here are some things that Holly believes in. Fill in the blanks with “a”, “an”, “the” or
“∅∅∅∅.”
Holly’s Philosophy of Life: Part Two “Cherish the smell of ___________1. grass after it rains. Cherish the small things. ” “___________2. grass is always greener on the other side of the fence.” “Remember that ___________3. rose has ___________4. thorns, so even if ___________5. rose you are looking at is beautiful, you should not forget ___________6. thorns it may have.” “___________7. Money can’t buy you ___________8. happiness, but ___________9. money you earn can make you happy and proud.” “Always be ___________10. honest person, always be ___________11. humble person. But if you are proud of something, be humbly, honestly proud. You will not be ___________12. arrogant person if you are only admitting ___________13. talents that you have. It is ___________14. honest thing to do. A lot of people would like to have ___________15. special talent. Honor yours.”
Harold is in his last year of high school and he has a decision to make. He has to decide
what extra-curricular courses to take to make his college applications look better. Below
are some possibilities:
- Take up a Sports Activity - Learn a Musical Instrument
- Do Volunteer Work - Join the Student Government
– Become Class President
Help Harold make a decision. Write out the sentences below considering each
possibility. 1. If / Harold / take up a sports activity, he / have difficulties at first / because he isn’t very
good at sports. 2. If / Harold / take up a sports activity, he / get in shape. 3. If / Harold / take up a sports activity, he / be able to / travel with the team and miss
class. 4. If / Harold / learn / a musical instrument, he / probably / do well / because he has a good
ear. 5. If / Harold / decide / to learn / a musical instrument, it / take / some time / for him / to
get good at it. 6. If / Harold / learn / a musical instrument, he / be / popular with the girls. 7. If / Harold / decide / to do / volunteer work, he / feel happy for helping other people. 8. Harold / make a difference in the world if / he / decide / to do / volunteer work. 9. If / Harold / do / volunteer work, he / have to / wake up early on Saturday mornings. 10. Harold / make a lot of friends if / he / join / the student government. 11. If / Harold / become / class president, he / have to / organize a lot of parties and he /
have a lot of fun. 12. Harold / get really tired if / he / have to / organize parties every week. 13. Harold / sometimes / have to / miss recess if / he / become / class president.
1. If Harold takes up a sports activity, he will have difficulties at first because he isn’t very good at sports.
2. If Harold takes up a sports activity, he will get in shape. 3. If Harold takes up a sports activity, he will be able to travel with the team and miss
class. 4. If Harold learns a musical instrument, he will probably do well because he has a
good ear. 5. If Harold decides to learn a musical instrument, it will take some time for him to
get good at it. 6. If Harold learns a musical instrument, he will be popular with the girls. 7. If Harold decides to do volunteer work, he will feel happy for helping other people. 8. Harold will make a difference in the world if he decides to do volunteer work. 9. If Harold does volunteer work, he will have to wake up early on Saturday
mornings. 10. Harold will make a lot of friends if he joins the student government. 11. If Harold becomes class president, he will have to organize a lot of parties and he
will have a lot of fun. 12. Harold will get really tired if he has to organize parties every week. 13. Harold will sometimes have to miss recess if he becomes class president.
Harold had to choose an extra-curricular activity to do during his senior year and he
chose swimming and being the class president instead of doing volunteer work - because
he didn’t want to wake up early on Saturdays and the volunteer group meets early on
Saturdays.
Now he discovered that the girl he really likes – Holly – is in the volunteer group. What’s
worse is that Greg, another guy who likes her is there also. Fill in the blanks for
Harold’s thoughts: 1. If I ____________ (neg. / hate) waking up early in the mornings, I ___________
(choose) joining the volunteer group for sure. 2. If I ___________ (know) that both Greg and Holly were going to be in the volunteer
group together, I ____________ (be) willing to wake up at any hour of the morning – I can’t let him get close to her.
3. If Holly __________ (neg. / be) beautiful, Greg __________ (be) interested. 4. Greg _________ (neg. / join) the volunteer group if someone ____________ (neg. /
tell) him that Holly was going to be there. 5. I ___________ (join) the volunteer group for sure – even without Holly if it _______
(neg. / be) so early in the morning on Saturdays. 6. I __________________(neg. / be) so worried if Greg _____________ (be) so good-
looking. 7. I ______________ (neg. / be) so miserable now if I ________________ (follow) my
heart and just decided to do the volunteer work in spite of waking up early. 8. I ____________ (be) much happier now if I ___________ (neg. / be) so lazy when I
was thinking of my decision. 9. I ______________ (do) things differently if I _______ (know) all of this before I had to
Greg and Harold both like Holly. Holly likes Harold. However, she has very little contact
with Harold and Harold seems very shy. On the other hand, she has a lot of contact with
Greg and now he has invited her to the prom. She doesn’t want to go with Greg, she
wants to go with Harold, but she doesn’t want to go alone either. Here is what she is
thinking: 1. I’m really sorry that Greg invited me to the prom. I think he misunderstood my
friendliness for something else. If I ______ (neg. / be) so friendly with Greg, maybe he _________ (neg. / invited) me.
2. On the other hand, if I _______ (be) friendlier to Harold, maybe he __________
(invited) me. But I don’t know him that well and I am shy, so it is harder to be friendly to him.
3. Greg invited me but I don’t want to go with him. Now I don’t know what to do! If I
______ (say) “no” to Greg’s invitation, I ______ (be) free to go with someone else. 4. This is a possibility. But if I ______ (be) free but Harold _______ (neg./invite) me to go
to the prom with him, I ______ (neg. / have) anyone to go to the prom with. 5. What can I do about this situation now? If I _____ (neg. / be) so shy, I ______ (invite)
Harold to go to the prom with me, but I am too shy. 6. Last week I sat next to Harold in Biology class and we worked together on a lab project.
If I _________ (neg. / be) so embarrassed back then about showing my feelings, I _______ (show) him a little more about how I feel.
7. On the other hand, I sat next to Greg in Math class and we talked a lot because I think
of Greg as a friend only and I’m never embarrassed when I’m around him. If I _______ (pay) more attention in class and less attention to Greg, he _____ (neg. / feel) so comfortable with me, and maybe he _______ (neg. / invite) me to the prom and I _____________ (neg. / be) so confused now.
8. I know what I’m going to do! If there _________ (be) an empty space next to Harold in
Biology class today, I ________ (sit) next to him and I ______ (be) as friendly as can be. And I’ll do the same thing every opportunity I get this week.
9. Then, if Harold ___________ (neg. / invite) me to the prom by the end of the week, I _____________ (have to) accept Greg’s invitation. But I will make sure he knows that we are going just as friends.
UPPER TEEN 1 – Card 3_14
Unit 3 – CONDITIONALS
ANSWER KEY:
1. hadn’t been / wouldn’t have invited
2. had been / would have invited
3. say / will be
4. am / doesn’t invite / won’t have
5. weren’t / would invite
6. hadn’t been / would have shown
7. had paid / wouldn’t have felt / wouldn’t have invited / wouldn’t be
8. is / will sit (am going to sit) / will be (am going to be)
9. doesn’t invite / will have to (am going to have to)
SENSE OR NONSENSE? 1. They’ve learned how to count on during Math classes.
2. It’s really hard to put up with all the stress you go through during tests. 3. She just seems to be always putting off her best clothes.
4. He was so upset to turn down such a great invitation.
5. After trying to figure out the puzzle, he finally gave up.
6. Sam’s girlfriend is always showing off the beautiful ring he gave her. 7. It’s so hard to pick out a good place to go to on a rainy Sunday afternoon.
8. The party was really crowded although nobody showed up.
Use a phrasal verb from the box to fill in the sentences below. Don’t forget to use the
correct tense. One phrasal verb can be used twice:
get over deal with look forward to turn down(volume)
call off come down with go through get along
1. How easy is it to ____________ so many commitments you have at school? 2. Are you _______________ taking your vacation? I mean, are you excited about it?
Have you decided where you’re going? 3. It really took Sam a long time to_______________ Gina. They had been together for 5
years. 4. Although his father has asked him to _______________ the volume of the stereo many
times, it still seems to be pretty loud. 5. As I ___________________ the flu, I had better ____________ all my appointments
for tomorrow. 6. After _______________ many difficult situations, she learned how to ____________
Answer the questions using the correct phrasal verb: 1. When you refuse to go somewhere do you turn up or turn down the invitation? 2. When you arrive at a place do you show up or show off? 3. When you choose some fruit at the market do you pick them up or pick them out? 4. When you are able to overcome a situation do you get over it or get rid of it? 5. When you lose your conscience do you break up or pass out? 6. When you cancel an appointment do you put it off or call it off? 7. When you tolerate something do you put up with it or come up with it? 8. When you try to find a solution do you find it out or figure it out?
Read the dialogue and fill in with the missing phrasal verbs. You can repeat one of them.
Situation: Zoe and Tina are talking about their plans for the weekend.
hang out turn down get rid of count on pick out try on
Zoe: Tell me Tina, where are you (1) __________ Saturday night? Tina: I really don’t know. Sam invited me to the U2 concert, but I (2) _______ him_____. Zoe: You must be kidding! Why did you (3) ____ him _____? Tina: First of all, this fad diet is driving me crazy. I haven’t (4) ____ of one single kilo,
and I look so fat! I’m embarrassed about how I look. Zoe: But, Tina, he was (5) ______ going with you. Can’t you (6) ______ a dress that will
make you look thinner? Tina: That’s a great idea! I’m going to (7) _______ the red one. I look great in red.
Unit 4 – SYMPATHETIC AND UNSYMPATHETIC EXPRESSIONS
Match the columns:
1. My boyfriend broke up with me and I feel so sad. 2. I’ve got this terrible allergy. I can’t stop sneezing. 3. I forgot my best friend’s birthday. Now, she’s not talking to me. 4. I’ve got a terrible sore throat. 5. I feel so exhausted after all the final exams. a. If I were you, I’d stop thinking about him. b. Serves you right. She never forgets yours. c. You could try some lemon and ginger tea. d. Have you tried taking a cold shower? e. Oh, I know what you mean. It’s really tiring!
Unit 4 – SYMPATHETIC AND UNSYMPATHETIC EXPRESSIONS
SENSE OR NONSENSE? 1. My friend has a terrible headache. Serves him right. 2. I’m so sorry for my brother. He has to work all day on Saturday. 3. You have a sore throat? Have you tried taking some hot tea? 4. Why didn’t you study for the test? You should do your best as it’s your last year. 5. Have you ever thought about working at a summer camp? Serves you right. 6. My sister got first prize in the talent show, and she was really happy about it. She’s got
nobody to blame but herself. 7. Josh flunked his Math test. It’s his own fault; he had studied really hard but Mr. Prices
doesn’t like him. 8. Harry tried to apologize for forgetting about my party, but I know what he means. I’m
really hurt. 9. Harry didn’t show up for Julia’s birthday party so now she’s not talking to him. He’s
got nobody to blame but himself; I reminded him about it lots of times.
Directions: Find out which ailments these people have using the words in the box.
a sore throat – a splitting headache – a twisted ankle –
a hangover – hay fever – a sunburn
1. Eddie drank a lot of beer at the party yesterday. He’s not feeling very well today. He
has ___ 2. Ann can’t speak much and she can’t swallow anything either. She has ___ 3. Mathew was playing soccer with his friends and he stumbled while running with the
ball. He has ___ 4. Carol went to the beach and she didn’t put on any sunscreen. Now her back, her
shoulders and her arms are burnt. She has ___ 5. Tom is feeling dizzy after playing video game the whole day. He has ___ 6. Helen is allergic to pollen. She has ___
Unit 4 – SYMPATHETIC AND UNSYMPATHETIC EXPRESSIONS
Directions: Classify the following dialogs in S if the speaker is being sympathetic or in U
if the speaker is being unsympathetic.
1. A: I went surfing on Sunday. It was really hot and now my whole body is burnt. You
can’t even touch my shoulders. B: Well, if you had worn sunscreen, you wouldn’t be feeling this pain now.
2. A: You look awful! What happened? B: I was walking home and it started raining. I got completely wet. I got this bad cold now. A: Oh no! That’s too bad. I hope you feel better tomorrow.
3. A: Why are you walking like this? B: I fell off the bike and I twisted my ankle. A: Oh no! That must be terrible.
4. A: I think I drank too much at the party yesterday last night. Now I have a splitting headache. B: I know exactly what you mean.
5. A: Greg, your eyes are red. B: Yes, I know. I need to stop using the computer for so many hours. A: So, that serves you right.
6. A: I had a lot of ice cream yesterday and this morning I woke up with a terrible sore throat. B: You have nobody to blame but yourself.
Situation: These people have some problems and they need some advice.
Directions: Analyze the problems and try to give pieces of advice or make
recommendations using the expressions in the box.
Have you tried... – You could try... – If I were you, I’d... –
If you ask me, you should... – Have you thought about...
1. I’m too thin. I wish I could gain some weight. 2. I’m really afraid of speaking in public. My mind goes blank and I forget everything I
have to say. 3. I get tired very easily when I’m walking. 4. My house is such a mess. I need to learn how to organize myself. 5. I want to travel to Canada but I don’t have enough money. 6. I’ve been feeling this terrible pain in the back for days. 7. I got my driver’s license but my father doesn’t let me drive his car. 8. I have trouble learning a different language. 9. My parents don’t let me go out at night with my friends. 10. I studied a lot for the final exams but I got bad grades.
Directions: Complete the sentences using the phrasal verbs in the box. Pay attention to
the changes in the verb tenses.
let down – get over – give up – pick up – look into – dawn on – count on – see through – grow up –
pass out – run away – break into
1. Sandra is still mourning her father’s death. He __________ last week. 2. It will be hard for Kelly to ___________ her ex-boyfriend. She loved him very much. 3. Sam is very good at learning different languages. He ________ the grammar rules very
easily. 4. The thieves __________ the house and when the police arrived they managed to
__________. 5. When children __________ and become teenagers, they start giving more importance to
their friends. 6. I was talking to my brother when suddenly it __________ me that it was his birthday. 7. I know I can always__________ my sister. We argue sometimes but I’m sure she will
never ________ me ________. 8. The police need to __________ the case very carefully. There are many details that they
must take into account. 9. When Karen finally __________ her husband’s lies she immediately asked for the
divorce. 10. You are not considered a strong person if you ________ your dreams easily.
Directions: Read the sentences and separate the phrasal verbs in bold into the two
columns below.
1. That big company will make up for the losses people might have had because of the
pollution. 2. Lisa couldn’t put up with that situation anymore. That’s why she quit her job. 3. Rick picks up his two sons at school during his lunch time. 4. After the brainstorming, the students came up with a lot of different ideas for their final
project. 5. In Japan, people need to take off their shoes before entering a house. 6. Sarah didn’t get along with her parents. She decided to move to her aunt’s house. 7. Joey was brought up by his grandparents because his parents died when he was a baby. 8. The producers had to put off the film’s première because some parts were considered
inappropriate. 9. Rachel is a liar. She is always making up stories that are hard to believe. 10. Keith will move to another house and he wants get rid of some old stuff. 11. Be careful, Mandy! You’ve just gotten over a cold.
Directions: Substitute the underline words with a phrasal verb from the box. You may
have to make changes in the structure in order for the sentence to make sense.
run into – put up with - turn down – find out – make up – call off – look forward to –
cut down on – get along with – run out of
1. Thomas refused a very good job offer because he wants to spend more time with his
family. 2. Martha needs to reduce the amount of sugar because she is getting too fat. 3. Peter is very excited and happy about traveling to Europe. 4. I can’t think of any other solution. There are no ideas left. 5. Sally discovered that her best friend was preparing a surprise party for her. 6. Our boss canceled the meeting because he had another appointment today. 7. Brian invented so many false stories about his life that he ended up lost in his own
lies. 8. Rose was telling her son off because he was making fun of a classmate. She couldn’t
tolerate that. 9. Pamela has a friendly relationship with her mother-in-law although they’ve been
having some arguments lately. 10. I was jogging in the park when I met an old friend by chance.
Directions: Match the words in bold with their meaning.
1. When I start using the Internet, I’m hooked. I stay in front of the computer for hours. 2. When Sally is anxious, she has the urge to smoke. 3. My grandfather struggled for his life until the last minute. 4. I’m allergic to dust. I sneeze all the time when my mother is cleaning the house. 5. My brother had a serious injury during the match. He broke his leg. 6. Pneumonia was the worst illness I’ve ever had. 7. Melanie claims that she can sing very well. However, she has never won a singing
competition. 8. Paul took an aspirin to cure his headache. 9. The cut in your hand will never be healed if you don’t put on some medicine. a. physical harm or damage to someone's body caused by an accident or an attack b. enjoy something so much that you are unable to stop. c. to make someone with an illness healthy again. d. air and often small drops of liquid suddenly come out of your nose and mouth in a way
you cannot control. e. to make or become well again, especially after a cut or another injury. f. uncontrollably desire g. to say that something is true or is a fact, although you cannot prove it and other people
might not believe it. h. a disease of the body or mind i. make a very great effort in order to do something.
Fill in the blanks with the phrasal verbs in the box in the correct verb tense.
find out – go through – break up – figure out – look forward to – let down – put off – pick up – turn down –
get rid of – drop off – get over – show up
1. My mother always ________ me ______ at school early in the morning and ______ me ______ at 5 PM.
2. I can’t _________ how to operate this machine on my own. I guess I’m going to have to
read the manual. 3. Gee! You keep way too much stuff in your closet. You should __________ half of your
clothes and only keep the ones you really wear. 4. It’s November. Oh, I’m really ________ going on vacation. 5. After my boyfriend ______ with me, I was really depressed. But now I _____finally
________it. 6. We asked the teacher __________ the test till next week because we hadn’t studied at
all. 7. Oh, I can’t believe Peter _________ (neg) again! He never comes to our weekly
meetings. He always _____ us _______! I’m so disappointed in him. 8. I invited Gloria to travel with my family but she __________ my invitation. She said
she ___________ a lot of problems and needed some time to rest. 9. Monica divorced Paul after she __________ he was having an affair with his secretary.
Fill in the blanks with the correct expression. Adjust the pronouns and the verb tenses
when needed.
put your foot in your mouth – a shoulder to cry on – to get it off your chest – to play it by ear – to make up your mind – to be up to your eyeballs in work
1. I forgot to prepare my presentation, so I had to _________. 2. Mike is such a good friend. He’s a very good listener and he’s always there for you
whenever you need __________. 3. Miranda has been ________ lately. She has little time for anything else. All she does is
go to the office and take work home. That’s no life! 4. Come on! You have to tell him how you feel! Go on! Just ___________! 5. I can’t believe I told her her boyfriend was going to break up with her. I keep
_____________. 6. I can’t _________ about where to go on my next vacation. I’d like to go to the beach or
1. She had a maid. She doesn’t now. __________________________________________ 2. They studied at USP. They don’t anymore. __________________________________________ 3. I didn’t usually have arguments with my brother, but now I do. __________________________________________ 4. Where did you work before you started working here? __________________________________________ 5. Were you overweight when you were younger? __________________________________________ 6. He never got bad grades before he changed his major. __________________________________________
Directions: Answer the questions or re-write the sentences using USED TO or USE TO.
1. You are an adult now. What did you use to do when you were a child that you don’t do now?
___________________________________________. 2. Think of when you were in 1st grade. What didn’t you use to do? ___________________________________________. 3. When you were a child you didn’t drink milk. ___________________________________________. 4. When you were in high school, you wore a uniform to school. ___________________________________________. 5. When I lived on my farm, I ate bread and cheese for breakfast. ___________________________________________.
Directions: Which meaning is conveyed? Circle the correct answer.
1. Terry remembers to turn off all the lights before going to bed. a She remembers something that happened in the past. b. She remembers to perform a task. 2. He’ll never forget seeing the Eiffel Tower for the first time. a. He’ll never forget something in the past. b. He’ll never forget to do something. 3. Mary will try to stop driving like crazy. a. She won’t do that anymore. b. She’ll try to stop something and do something else. 4. He’s trying to learn Japanese, now. a. He’s experimenting with that language. b. He’s making an effort to learn it. 5. I can remember being very happy when I graduated. a. I remembered to smile at the camera. b. I remember something that happened in the past. 6. Don’t forget to do your homework tonight. a. Don’t forget to perform a task, duty. b. Don’t forget something in the past. 7. Stop yawning in class. That’s impolite. a. Stop and do something else. b. Stop behaving that way. 8. The room was hot. I tried opening the window, but it didn’t help. Then I tried switching
on the fan. a. I made an effort. b. I tried two different approaches to see if they worked.
refuse – avoid – warn – promise – enjoy – afford – mind – feel like – would like
Directions: Choose between gerunds and the infinitives and fill in the blanks. 1. Mary wants to make plans for the weekend. She would like __________ (go) to
Maresias. 2. Jill occasionally speaks Spanish. It’s her mother tongue and she can’t avoid
__________ (do) it. 3. “Hide under that rock, Bob!” Sue said.
She warned Bob ___________ ( hide). 4. Carol loves sports. Tennis is her favorite sport. She really enjoys _________ (play) it. 5. The boys are tired and don’t want to go out. They don’t feel like ___________ (go) out. 6. I’m overloaded with work and may be late for dinner. I can’t promise ___________
(arrive) early. 7. Tom said he wouldn’t study for the quiz and he didn’t. He refused __________ (study)
for the quiz. 8. I know Carol is late. It’s ok, I’ll wait in the garden. I don’t mind _________ (wait) for
her. 9. My father has lost his job. He can’t afford _________ (pay) for a private school any
Directions: Answer the questions showing that you understand the words in bold. Give
complete answers. 1. Which soccer team do you cheer for? 2. Which soccer stadium would you like to go? 3. How many goals did you score when you play soccer for the last time? 4. What is your reaction when your favorite team loses? 5. What is your reaction when your favorite team wins? 6. Who is your favorite soccer player? 7. Which World Cup game would you like to have watched? 8. What happens when a final soccer game ends in a tie? 9. Do you get very angry when your team doesn’t beat the opponent?
Directions: Complete the sentences with one of the verb forms in parentheses. 1. When I was kid I remember _________ (to go / going) to the park every Sunday. 2. Luckily, Jane remembered _________ (to buy / buying) her boyfriend’s birthday gift. 3. I can’t forget _______ (to call / calling) my parents tomorrow. 4. Sarah will never forget ____ (to sing / singing) in public for the first time. 5. Cindy got to class late because she stopped _________ (to talk / talking) to a friend. 6. Zach stopped __________ (to smoke / smoking) some years ago. 7. I tried _________ (to put off / putting off) the meeting but it was not possible. 8. I tried __________ (to work out / working out) every day but I didn’t lose a single
Directions: Complete the sentences with the appropriate form of the verb in parentheses. 1. Monica couldn’t help _________ (ask) the teacher about his ex-wife.
2. I need to remember __________ (bring) an umbrella. The weather is crazy in this city.
3. Sam doesn’t remember ________ (drink) so much at the party yesterday.
4. I don’t know why but Rachel avoids _______ (talk) to me every time I ask about her
parents.
5. Tom enjoys _________ (spend) time with his family.
6. The teacher expects the students _________ (arrive) on time.
7. My mother told me I need to stop _______ (go) to Alice’s house. She thinks she is a
bad influence.
8. Doug can’t forget ______ (sign) the documents. Otherwise, he won’t travel tomorrow.
9. Ashley tried _______ (make) friends with her classmates but they didn’t even looked at
her face.
10. Do you mind _______ (clean) the bathroom today?
Directions: Complete the sentences with USED TO using the verbs in parentheses.
1. My mother __________ (cook) dinner for me. Now I have to do it myself. 2. Sandra _____ (be) my best friend. But when she got into college, we didn’t keep in
touch. 3. Kathy ________ (not drink) anything with alcohol. Nowadays, every time she goes out
with her friends, she needs to have at least a bottle of beer. 4. Jason _______ (take) a nap after lunch. He is working now, so he can’t have his siesta
anymore. 5. The doctor ______ (tell) me to practice physical exercises every day. As I never
followed his advice, he gave up giving me his recommendations. 6. Victoria ________ (not enjoy) watching horror movies. But now she loves them. 7. _____ you _______ (play) with your brothers when you were a kid? 8. Terry’s son _______ (cry) a lot when he was a baby. 9. Ross _______ (spy) on his ex-girlfriend. He wanted to know everything she was doing.
That’s why she broke up with him. 10. When Mathew was younger, he ________ (not talk) with anybody. He was very shy.
Unit 6 - PRESENT PERFECT vs. PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Situation: Two friends are catching up on the latest news.
Directions: Complete the conversations using the PRESENT PERFECT or PRESENT
CONTINUOUS form of the verbs in parentheses. I. A: What _____ (1.do)? I _____ (2.see) you at the gym.
B: It’s because I _____ (3.go) to the gym lately. I _____ (4.work out) at home. I _____ (5.have) time to go there.
II. A: _____ (6.see) Tom recently? He _____ (7.seem) kind of tense. B: I _____ (8.hear) he _____ (9.be) under a lot of pressure. As a consequence, he
_____ (10.yell) at everybody. He _____ (11.get) angry for no reason, and he _____ (12. get) into arguments with his family. He _____ (13.be) himself at all.
III. A: _____ (14.hear) from Kate recently?
B: No, she _____ (15.call) me since last month. I suppose she _____ (16.study) to take her final exam.
A: Yeah. And I know that she _____ (17.travel) a lot, too. B: Lucky her. I _____ (18. be away) from São Paulo for ages.
Unit 6 – PRES. PERFECT vs. PRES. PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Situation: Jane is being interviewed by Mrs. Carr for a job working with young children.
Directions: Complete the following conversation with verbs from the box. Use the
Present Perfect Simple or Present Perfect Continuous. You will need to use some of the
verbs more than once. Read the whole conversation before you start.
be come take drive find have look manage
Mrs.Carr: Come in Jane, do take a seat. Would you like a coffee? Jane: No, thank you. Actually I 1.‘ve just had (just) one. Mrs.Carr: Oh good. Now, do you know this area at all? Jane: Quite well. My grandparents live just on the outskirts of town so I 2.______
here for holidays since I was little. I’m staying with them at the moment, actually.
Mrs.Carr: Oh, that’s nice. And do you have a driving license? Jane: Yes, I 3._______ for four years now. Mrs.Carr: And would you say you’re a careful driver? Jane: Yes, I think so. At least I 4._______ (never) an accident Mrs.Carr: Good. Now, could you tell me why you think you would be right for this
job? Jane: Well, I 5._______ (always) interested in working with small children. And I
6._________ to get quite a bit of practical experience by taking holiday jobs and so on. Mrs.Carr: How do you think you would act in an emergency? Jane: I’m quite a calm person, I think. I 7.______ a first aid course, too. I got this
badge. Mrs.Carr: Oh, yes. That’s good. Now, this job isn’t permanent, as you know. We need
someone for about a year. How would that fit in with your long-term plans? Jane: I’d like to work abroad eventually. But I want some full-time experience
first. I 8._______ a Nursery Teacher’s course this year. We finish next week, in fact, and I’ve already got a Child Care certificate.
Mrs.Carr: Well, I can’t make any promises, but you do sound just the sort of person we’re looking for. When would you be able to start?
Jane: As soon as I finish my Nursery Teacher’s course. Mrs.Carr: Excellent. And would you live with your grandparents? Jane: Well, they live a bit far away. I’d probably try to get a small flat. I 9._______
in the paper every day, but I 10._______ (not) anything yet. Mrs.Carr: Well, if you get the job, we’ll try to help you.
Unit 6 – PRESENT PERFECT x PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Directions: Complete these sentences. Use the PRESENT PERFECT or PRESENT
PERFECT CONTINUOUS.
(In some sentences both are possible.)
1. The zoo isn’t far from here. I ________ (walk) there many times. 2. I’m tired. We ________ (walk) for over an hour. Let’s stop and rest for a while. 3. Mr. Curtis _________ (work) at the power company for fifteen years. He likes his job. 1. I ________ (study) this chapter in my chemistry book three times, and I still don’t
understand it. 5. My eyes are getting tired. I _________ (read) for two hours. I think I’ll take a break. 6. Mrs. Jackson _________ (teach) kindergarten for twenty years. She’s one of the best
teachers at the elementary school. 7. Marge is writing a letter to her boyfriend. She _______ (write) it since she got home
from school. 8. I _______ (write) my folks at least a dozen letters since I left home and came here.
Unit 6 – PRESENT PERFECT x PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS
Directions: Write D for dynamic and S for stative verbs. Then complete the sentences
using these verbs in the Present Perfect or Present Perfect Continuous.
1. ____ be 3. ____ travel 5. ____ understand 2. ____ read 4. ____ know 6. ____ listen 1. I ________ e-mails all morning. I can’t wait to finish that. 2. How long ______ you______ each other? 3. They _______ around Scotland for a month now and they are ready to go back to
Brazil. 4. Bob ___________ (neg.) the use of the Present Perfect. He needs to study more. 5. She __________ in that line for 3 hours. She really wants to buy the ticket to watch the
U2 concert next week. 6. Carol __________ to the new U2 album yet. 7. Joe ___________ tired lately. He surely needs a day off. 8. Do you remember that song “Sweet Dreams?” It goes: “I _______ the world and the
seven seas...” 9. I met my teacher for the first time six years ago. I ___________ her for six years. 10. She ________ her speech so many times she knows it by heart. She’s ready for the
1. Even though Carter really wanted to go to medical school, his parents couldn’t afford
to send him. 2. His parents couldn’t afford to send him to medical school; as a result, he decided to get
a job to pay for his own education. 3. Carter started to work as a waiter; nevertheless, he still found time to dedicate to his
studies. 4. Carter’s mother felt sorry for Carter; however, there was nothing she could do to help
him. 5. Carter’s SAT scores were really high; therefore, he was accepted at Harvard Medical
School. 6. Harvard was too expensive for Carter to afford on his waiter’s wages; therefore, he
decided to ask for a student loan. 7. Even though Carter owed a lot of money, he was happy with the arrangement. 8. He was the best in his class; nevertheless, he wasn’t sure he would become a
successful doctor. 9. He finally graduated first in his class; therefore, he was invited to do his internship
program in the best hospital in Boston. 10. He made a lot of money as a doctor; however, it took him five years to pay off his